CN201128950Y - A quick-installed bamboo house - Google Patents
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- CN201128950Y CN201128950Y CNU200720065280XU CN200720065280U CN201128950Y CN 201128950 Y CN201128950 Y CN 201128950Y CN U200720065280X U CNU200720065280X U CN U200720065280XU CN 200720065280 U CN200720065280 U CN 200720065280U CN 201128950 Y CN201128950 Y CN 201128950Y
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Abstract
一种快装竹材房屋,其包括梁、柱子、组合板、外墙面和屋顶面防水构造,所述梁为采用竹胶合板、粘结剂胶合而成的竹材梁,包括楼层梁、屋架梁和连系梁;竹材柱系采用竹胶合板、角钢和螺栓连接而成,其在外墙部位作为组合墙体的骨架;组合板的承重构件为木骨架或竹材骨架,外面板为竹胶合板,内面板为石膏板或竹胶合板或木胶合板,用作墙体、楼盖或屋顶面,外面板按预计拆装次数,对其角部和边缘外包金属皮,并设连接孔。本实用新型可多次拆装重复利用,自重轻,施工方便快捷;安全可靠;原料来源广;生产过程无污染;具有良好的抗震性能;耐腐蚀;稳定性好。
A kind of quick-installed bamboo house, which includes beams, columns, composite boards, exterior wall surfaces and roof surface waterproof structures. Beams; bamboo columns are connected by bamboo plywood, angle steel and bolts, which are used as the skeleton of the composite wall on the outer wall; the load-bearing member of the composite board is a wood skeleton or bamboo skeleton, the outer panel is bamboo plywood, and the inner panel is gypsum board Or bamboo plywood or wood plywood is used as the wall, floor or roof surface, and the outer panel is covered with metal skin at the corners and edges according to the expected number of disassembly and assembly, and connection holes are provided. The utility model can be repeatedly disassembled and reused, has light weight, convenient and fast construction, safety and reliability, wide source of raw materials, no pollution in the production process, good shock resistance, corrosion resistance and good stability.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种建筑物,特别是涉及一种拆装方便的快装竹材房屋。The utility model relates to a building, in particular to a quick-installed bamboo house which is convenient for assembly and disassembly.
背景技术Background technique
现有的活动房屋和轻型房屋主要是以钢结构、砌体结构或钢筋混凝土结构为主,要消耗大量钢材、水泥,而冶金和水泥工业历来属于高能耗、高污染产业,钢材和水泥的生产需要消耗大量能源和不可再生的自然资源,同时产生大量的废水、废气和废渣,严重影响生态环境,不符合可持续发展的要求;且这类结构活动房,存在成本高、占用空间大、施工难度大、施工周期长等缺点。因此,越来越多的人士提倡采用天然、环保、可再生的有机材料经过现代工艺加工、制作成为结构构件,逐步取代钢材和水泥构件使用,并认为其是实现建筑业可持续发展的必由之路,使其逐步成为保证人类社会可持续发展的重要契机。目前,在建筑领域使用最多的天然、可再生有机材料是木材。The existing mobile houses and light houses are mainly steel structures, masonry structures or reinforced concrete structures, which consume a lot of steel and cement, and the metallurgy and cement industries have always been high energy consumption and high pollution industries. The production of steel and cement It needs to consume a lot of energy and non-renewable natural resources, and at the same time generate a lot of waste water, waste gas and waste residue, which seriously affects the ecological environment and does not meet the requirements of sustainable development; Difficulty, long construction period and other shortcomings. Therefore, more and more people advocate the use of natural, environmentally friendly, and renewable organic materials, which are processed by modern techniques and made into structural components, gradually replacing steel and cement components, and believe that it is the only way to achieve sustainable development in the construction industry. Make it gradually become an important opportunity to ensure the sustainable development of human society. Currently, the most used natural, renewable organic material in construction is wood.
建筑上使用的木材主要分为两类。一类是原木以及利用原木经过锯、刨加工制成的木方、木板等。采用原木及其制品建造木结构,在我国有悠久的历史。木结构具有加工方便、建造简单、美观大方、适用性好等优点。但在我国,由于森林资源匮乏,国家对木材砍伐控制严格,即便是人工造林,由于林木成材期长,原木来源极为有限,不可能大量建造木结构建筑物。另一类是胶合木,这种材料一般为板材,利用粘结剂和加压成型工艺,将尺寸较小的木板结合成尺寸相对较大的木板。胶合木一般只能用于室内装修或作模板使用。There are two main types of wood used in construction. One category is logs and wood squares and boards made of logs after sawing and planing. The use of logs and their products to build wooden structures has a long history in our country. The wooden structure has the advantages of convenient processing, simple construction, elegant appearance and good applicability. However, in our country, due to the lack of forest resources, the state strictly controls the felling of timber. Even for artificial afforestation, due to the long maturity period of forest trees and extremely limited sources of logs, it is impossible to build a large number of wooden structures. The other type is glued wood, which is generally a board, using adhesives and pressure forming processes to combine smaller boards into relatively larger boards. Glued wood can generally only be used for interior decoration or as a formwork.
实用新型内容Contents of utility model
本实用新型的目的在于克服现有技术存在的缺陷,提供一种结构安全可靠,制作方便快捷,可以重复利用,环保性能较好的快装竹材房屋。The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a fast-installed bamboo house with a safe and reliable structure, convenient and quick manufacture, reusability and better environmental performance.
本实用新型的技术方案为:其包括梁、柱子、组合板、外墙面和屋顶面防水构造,其特征在于,所述梁为采用竹胶合板、粘结剂胶合而成的竹材梁,包括楼层梁、屋架梁和连系梁;竹材柱系由竹胶合板通过角钢和螺栓连接构成,其在外墙部位作为组合墙体的骨架;组合板承重构件为木骨架或竹材骨架,外面板为竹胶合板,内面板为石膏板或竹胶合板或木胶合板,用作墙体、楼盖或屋顶面,外面板按预计拆装次数,对其角部和边缘外包金属皮,并设连接孔,以方便拆装。The technical scheme of the utility model is: it includes beams, columns, composite boards, exterior wall surfaces and roof surface waterproof structures. Beams, roof truss beams and connecting beams; bamboo columns are composed of bamboo plywood connected by angle steel and bolts, which are used as the skeleton of the composite wall on the outer wall; It is gypsum board or bamboo plywood or wood plywood, which is used as wall, floor or roof surface. The outer panels are covered with metal skin at the corners and edges according to the expected number of disassembly and assembly, and connection holes are provided to facilitate disassembly and assembly.
所述竹材柱截面可以为H型、T型、箱型或实心型。The cross-section of the bamboo column can be H-shaped, T-shaped, box-shaped or solid-shaped.
所述组合板的外面板与内面板之间最好填充有保温材料或/和隔音材料,以提高房屋的隔热保温、隔音性能,节约能源,减少噪音。It is preferable to fill the space between the outer panel and the inner panel of the composite board with thermal insulation material or/and sound insulation material, so as to improve the heat insulation and sound insulation performance of the house, save energy and reduce noise.
所述竹材柱与梁可以通过螺栓和钢制连接件连接,竹材柱与基础通过钢制连接件连接。The bamboo column and the beam can be connected by bolts and steel connectors, and the bamboo column and the foundation are connected by steel connectors.
所述组合板与竹材梁或竹材柱之间用螺栓连接或钉连接,以便于拆装;并最好采用三点连接方式,以保证连接强度,同时拆装比较方便,墙体也会具有很好的保温性能。The composite board and the bamboo beam or bamboo column are connected by bolts or nails to facilitate disassembly; and three-point connection is preferably used to ensure the connection strength. Good insulation properties.
所述外墙和屋顶面防水构造可由外挂钢丝网砂浆层构成,作为半永久轻型房屋墙体使用;也可由墙板间填充嵌缝材料,再加防水涂层构成,作为完全可拆卸式活动房的墙体和屋顶面使用;还可采用其它防水构造。The waterproof structure of the outer wall and roof surface can be composed of an external steel mesh mortar layer, which can be used as a semi-permanent light house wall; it can also be formed by filling caulking materials between wall panels, and then adding a waterproof coating, as a completely detachable prefabricated house. For wall and roof surfaces; other waterproof constructions are also available.
连系梁是柱子与柱子之间的连接构件,用于提高房屋的整体性。屋架梁用于承担屋顶荷载。The connecting beam is the connecting member between the columns, which is used to improve the integrity of the house. Truss beams are used to carry roof loads.
基础可为夯实土基础、混凝土基础、钢筋混凝土基础或砌体基础。The foundation may be a rammed earth foundation, a concrete foundation, a reinforced concrete foundation or a masonry foundation.
与现有技术相比,本实用新型之快装竹材房屋的优点在于:(1)为装配式结构,可以多次拆装重复利用,而且拆装损耗率低,即使有局部损坏也易于修复;(2)自重轻,施工方便快捷,所用竹材梁和竹材柱的主要材质是中空的竹纤维,密度小,因此,竹材自重远小于钢材和混凝土;同时,由于所用竹胶合板可刨、可锯、可钻,所以加工非常方便;(3)设计和制作规格可以多种多样,造型美观;便于采用标准化构件、标准化模数进行设计和施工,可以根据需要设计成1-3层;其屋顶可以设计成平坡屋顶、单坡屋顶、双坡屋顶、四坡屋顶等屋顶形式;(4)采用的竹材框架或排架体系,安全可靠,能满足相关建筑结构设计规范的要求;(5)采用竹材作为主要原材料,其原料来源广,而且是可再生资源,竹子具有生长速度快、成材周期短、产量大等优点,因此竹材来源有保障;更为重要的是,竹材是绿色材料,其生产过程环保,无污染,符合可持续发展的要求;(6)具有很高的强度/重量比:竹结构韧性大,对于瞬间冲击荷载和周期性疲劳破坏有很强的抵抗能力,在所有结构中具有良好的抗震性能;(7)耐腐蚀,竹材对许多化学物质具有耐腐蚀性,许多竹种天生耐腐烂及虫害;(8)竹材一旦达到平衡含水率,其尺寸变化会很小,具很高平衡性和低收缩性,竹结构具有长期投资保值效益。Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the quick-assembled bamboo house of the present invention are: (1) It is an assembled structure, which can be disassembled and reused many times, and the loss rate of disassembly and assembly is low, and it is easy to repair even if it is partially damaged; (2) light weight, convenient and fast construction, the main material of bamboo beams and bamboo columns used is hollow bamboo fiber, the density is small, therefore, the weight of bamboo is far less than steel and concrete; at the same time, because the bamboo plywood used can be planed, sawed, It can be drilled, so the processing is very convenient; (3) the design and production specifications can be varied, and the appearance is beautiful; it is convenient to use standardized components and modules for design and construction, and can be designed into 1-3 floors according to needs; its roof can be designed The roof forms such as flat-slope roof, single-slope roof, double-slope roof, and four-slope roof; (4) The bamboo frame or bent frame system adopted is safe and reliable, and can meet the requirements of relevant building structure design specifications; (5) Bamboo is used as a The main raw material has a wide source of raw materials and is a renewable resource. Bamboo has the advantages of fast growth, short cycle time, and large output, so the source of bamboo is guaranteed; more importantly, bamboo is a green material, and its production process is environmentally friendly. , pollution-free, in line with the requirements of sustainable development; (6) has a high strength / weight ratio: the bamboo structure has high toughness, and has strong resistance to instantaneous impact load and periodic fatigue damage, and has good performance in all structures. (7) corrosion resistance, bamboo has corrosion resistance to many chemical substances, and many bamboo species are naturally resistant to decay and insect damage; (8) once the bamboo reaches the equilibrium moisture content, its dimensional change will be small, with a high balance Strong and low shrinkage, the bamboo structure has long-term investment value preservation benefits.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型一实施例的主体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an embodiment of the utility model;
图2是图1所示实施例的一榀排架示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bent frame of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
图3是图1所示实施例的竹材柱与基础连接平面示意图;Fig. 3 is that the bamboo column of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is connected with the foundation plane schematic diagram;
图4是图1所示实施例的组合板结构示意图;Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the composite board of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
图5是图1所示实施例的两片墙体等接立面示意图;Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the equal connection elevation of two walls of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
图6是本实用新型的另一种组合板结构示意图;Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of another composite panel of the present utility model;
图7是图1所示实施例的柱子与屋架梁连接立面示意图;Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the elevation of the connection between the column and the roof truss beam of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
图8是图1所示实施例的墙体与柱连接示意图;Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the wall and the column of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1;
图中:1a.屋架梁;1b.连系梁;1c.楼层梁;2.柱子;3.组合板;4.外墙面防水构造;5.木骨架;6.金属皮;7.钢制连接件;8.嵌隙材料;9.外面板防水涂层;10.水泥砂浆层;11.钢丝网;12.竹胶合板;13.保温材料;14.石膏板;15.内面板涂料层;16.螺栓In the figure: 1a. Roof truss beams; 1b. Connecting beams; 1c. Floor beams; 2. Columns; 3. Composite panels; 4. Waterproof structure of external walls; Connector; 8. Interstitial material; 9. Waterproof coating of outer panel; 10. Cement mortar layer; 11. Steel wire mesh; 12. Bamboo plywood; 13. Thermal insulation material; 14. Gypsum board; 15. Paint layer of inner panel; 16. Bolts
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图和实施例对本实用新型做进一步详细说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.
参照图1和图2,本实施例快装竹材房屋,基础采用钢筋混凝土平板地坪作为基础,主体承重结构采用排架或框架结构,其包括梁、柱子2、组合板3、外墙面防水构造4;所述梁包括楼层梁1c、屋架梁1a和连系梁1b,是采用竹胶合板、粘结剂等胶合而成的竹材梁,其在外墙部位以及楼盖部位作为组合墙体的骨架,连系梁的跨度是以胶合板的长度或宽度尺寸作为固定模数进行设计;参照图3,柱子2是采用竹胶合板、角钢和螺栓16连接而成的竹材柱,柱子2的间距是以胶合板的长度或宽度尺寸作为固定模数进行设计;柱子2与基础之间通过钢制连接件7、螺栓16连接,螺栓16与地坪之间通过植筋连接;参照图4,组合板3依次由外面板防水涂层9、水泥砂浆层10、钢丝网11、竹胶合板12、木骨架5、石膏板14、内面板涂料层15构成,竹胶合板12与石膏板14之间充填有保温材料(或隔音材料)13,竹胶合板12与石膏板14之间与木或竹骨架5之间用固定螺钉连接;组合板3用于墙体、楼盖或屋顶,组合板3中的竹胶合板12按预计拆装次数对其角部和边缘外包金属皮6,并设连接孔,以便于拆装;所述外墙和屋顶面防水构造4采用外挂钢丝网砂浆层,作为半永久轻型房屋墙体使用;或墙板间填充嵌缝材料8(参见图5),再加防水涂层构成,作为完全可拆卸式活动房的墙体和屋顶面使用。With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the fast-installed bamboo house of this embodiment adopts reinforced concrete slab floor as the foundation, and the main load-bearing structure adopts a bent frame or frame structure, which includes beams,
楼层梁相互之间用竹材或木材构件作为剪力撑以增强整体性,梁与作为楼面板的组合板3之间用螺栓或自钻自攻螺钉连接;连系梁1b主要作用是增强柱子与柱子之间的连接,提高房屋的整体性,所以受力较小,采用单块竹胶合板切割而成或用竹胶合板、黏结剂胶合而成,制作方便快捷;连系梁与柱子之间主要采用螺栓连接,个别转角部位采用角钢和螺栓连接。屋架梁1a是用竹胶合板、粘结剂压制而成,屋架梁1a或屋架梁与柱子2之间通过钢制连接件7和螺栓16连接(参见图7),钢制连接件7上下都为U形,根据需要,两个U形可扭转90°或其他角度;檩条采用方木檩条,檩条与屋架梁1a之间用角钢和螺栓在侧面连接,可以顺利实现安装和拆卸。屋面板采用组合板3或夹带保温材料的单层或双层压型钢板,它与檩条之间用带橡胶垫圈的自钻自攻螺钉连接,方便快捷而且易于拆装,同时使房屋具有很好的保温性能。The floor beams use bamboo or wood members as shear braces to enhance the integrity, and the beams and the
图6所示为组合板3的另一种结构,与图4所示组合板比较,主要是缺少水泥砂浆层10及钢丝网11。可作为完全可拆卸式活动房的墙体和屋顶面使用FIG. 6 shows another structure of the
所述柱子2截面为H型(也可为T型、箱型或实心等),柱子2与梁之间通过螺栓16和钢连接件7连接,柱子2与基础之间通过角钢或其他形式的钢连接件7进行连接(参见图7)。The section of the
所述组合板3与梁或柱子2之间用螺栓连接或钉连接,主要采用三点连接以保证连接强度,连接和拆装都比较方便,这样,墙体不仅具有很好的保温性能,而且自重较小(参见图8)The
施工方法:在工厂按照图纸将各构件预制好后,运输至施工现场进行安装。安装好竹材柱2后,安装竹材连系梁1b,将竹材柱2与竹材连系梁1b用螺栓16连接;用钢连接件7和螺栓16连接竹材柱2和竹材屋架(屋架梁)1a,用螺栓连接墙体3和竹材柱2;用角钢和螺栓连接屋面檩条和屋架梁1a,用自钻自攻螺钉连接屋面板和檩条,并对墙面板和屋面板做防水处理。Construction method: After the components are prefabricated in the factory according to the drawings, they are transported to the construction site for installation. After
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101691785B (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2011-04-13 | 李登满 | Building method of bamboo structure house with open internal wall |
CN102733466A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-10-17 | 高玉和 | Modularization mobile toilet |
CN103061533A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-04-24 | 四川大学 | Environment-friendly anti-seismic eco-house system suitable for mountainous areas |
CN104989010B (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2017-07-28 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of connection method for bamboo and wood prefabricated panel |
CN108678176A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-19 | 河北卓秋实业有限公司 | A method of modularization tier building is built for interior muscle with bamboo superimposed sheet |
CN111364614A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-03 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of fast assembling bamboo greenhouse and preparation method |
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2007
- 2007-12-03 CN CNU200720065280XU patent/CN201128950Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101691785B (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2011-04-13 | 李登满 | Building method of bamboo structure house with open internal wall |
CN102733466A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-10-17 | 高玉和 | Modularization mobile toilet |
CN102733466B (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2015-03-25 | 高玉和 | Modularization mobile toilet |
CN103061533A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-04-24 | 四川大学 | Environment-friendly anti-seismic eco-house system suitable for mountainous areas |
CN104989010B (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2017-07-28 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of connection method for bamboo and wood prefabricated panel |
CN108678176A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-19 | 河北卓秋实业有限公司 | A method of modularization tier building is built for interior muscle with bamboo superimposed sheet |
CN111364614A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-03 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of fast assembling bamboo greenhouse and preparation method |
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