CN201037429Y - Novel steamer generating set - Google Patents
Novel steamer generating set Download PDFInfo
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- CN201037429Y CN201037429Y CNU2007200694183U CN200720069418U CN201037429Y CN 201037429 Y CN201037429 Y CN 201037429Y CN U2007200694183 U CNU2007200694183 U CN U2007200694183U CN 200720069418 U CN200720069418 U CN 200720069418U CN 201037429 Y CN201037429 Y CN 201037429Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a novel turbo-generator unit, which comprises at least a boiler and a superheater and a reheater in the boiler. A header corresponding to a steam inlet and a steam outlet of the superheater and the reheater is a steam header connection area; a steam pipeline system comprises at least a pipeline which is communicated with the boiler, a high pressure cylinder and a middle pressure cylinder and is used to transmit steam of high temperature and high pressure; the high pressure cylinder and the generator set form an overhead shafting which is arranged at the outside of the boiler and close to the steam header connection area. The utility model also comprises a low shafting in lower arrangement. Due to the distribution of the high shafting and the low shafting at random, the utility model remarkably reduces the length of the expensive high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline in the steam pipeline system, reduces the loss of pressure drop and the heat discharging in the pipeline system, improves the capacity for work, also reduces the steam storage amount of the re-heater and the adjusting inertia of the machine set and sufficiently demonstrates the economical efficiency of the double-re-heater set.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to technical field of power generation, especially a kind of novel steam generator set.
Background technique
Turbo-generator Set experiences 100 years of development courses as the core technology of thermal power generation, and in recent years, along with the increase of the constantly soaring and environmental protection pressure of fuel price, each developed country begins competitively to develop efficient supercritical steam turbine generator set.Passing through constantly to promote the unit Operational Limits with when improving the unit cycle efficiency, the double reheat cycle machine set also becomes one of main technical schemes of the efficient ultra supercritical unit of the design next generation once more.
At present, most effective in the world coal fired power generation unit is the 400MW double reheat ultra supercritical unit of Denmark, and its steam parameter is 29MPa/580 ℃/580 ℃/580 ℃.This unit cycle efficiency is up to 47%, and is even better than the cycle efficiency of single reheat supercritical unit 41 ~ 42% and single reheat ultra supercritical unit 44 ~ 45%.
But with respect to traditional single reheat unit, compare with the 24.5MPa/600 that only improves vapor (steam) temperature ℃/600 ℃ single reheat ultra supercritical unit with 31.1MPa/566 ℃/566 ℃/566 ℃ the double reheat supercritical unit that increases single reheat, the former cycle efficiency has only improved 0.5% than the latter.And with respect to super (surpass) the critical unit of single reheat, double reheat surpasses the more complicated and cost of the system of (surpassing) critical unit significantly to be increased.Therefore, since generation nineteen ninety, countries in the world all tend to build the ultra supercritical unit of 600 ℃ of grades of single reheat basically.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as if adopt the 1000MW level tower boiler 1 of prior art and the routine of double reheat steam turbine set 2 to arrange schematic representation, the high-pressure cylinder 21 in the steam turbine set 2, middle pressure one cylinder 22, middle pressure two cylinder 23, two low pressure (LP) cylinders, 24 5 cylinder single shafts are arranged in the steamer machine room.Usually, export between the high-pressure cylinder 21 main steam line 31 single about 160 meters long from the superheater 13 of boiler 1; After this high-pressure cylinder 21 steam discharges return boiler 1 by single about 180 meters long low-temperature primary reheaing steam pipe 32; The length and the low-temperature primary reheaing steam pipe 32 of the high temperature single reheat steam line 33 of pressure one cylinder 22 are roughly the same from single reheat device 12 is exported to, single about 190 meters; Subsequently, therefrom press a cylinder 22 steam discharges to return the low temperature double reheat steam line 34 single about 180 meters long of boiler 1; The length and the low temperature double reheat steam line 34 of the high temperature secondary reheaing steam pipe 35 of pressure two cylinder 23 are roughly the same from secondary reheater 16 is exported to, single about 190 meters long.Wherein main steam line 31, high temperature single reheat pipeline 33 and high temperature secondary reheating pipe road 35 need to use the high-temperature alloy steel of 600 ℃ of grades.According to different piping design schemes, main steam line and reheaing steam pipe also exist half capacity pipeline and 1/4th volume weight tube roads.Therefore, actual demand uses the high-temperature and pressure pipeline length of high-temperature alloy steel to be multiplied.
Be illustrated in figure 2 as if adopt the 1000MW level tower boiler 1 of prior art and the routine of twin shaft double reheat steam turbine set 2 to arrange schematic representation, steam turbine set 2 carries generator respectively by two axles systems and is arranged in parallel in the conventional steam turbine building and forms.First axle in the steam turbine set 2 is 21 to be formed and carried a generator by high-pressure cylinder 211, middle pressure one cylinder 212, second be 22 by middle pressure two cylinder 221, two low pressure (LP) cylinders 222 are formed and carry generator.For double reheat twin shaft Turbo-generator Set shown in Figure 2, the deployment scenarios of its high-temperature and pressure pipeline and single shaft double reheat steam turbine set shown in Figure 1 are similar, wherein main steam line 31, high temperature single reheat pipeline 33 and high temperature secondary reheating pipe road 35 need to use the high-temperature alloy steel of 600 ℃ of grades, and joint length is also all about 160m.
Current, the unit price of generator set constantly increases along with the raising of unit efficiency.Although particularly the double reheat unit has belonged to mature technology, but boiler need increase the one-level reheater, steam turbine need increase outside the intermediate pressure cylinder, also will increase one-level reheaing steam pipe etc. in addition, therefore system complex, investment are higher, compare with the single reheat unit, the increment of the efficiency earning of its acquisition still can not compensate the value added of input.Double reheat unit for traditional design, at first, reheated steam is passed through between boiler and steamer machine room back and forth, especially super (surpassing) critical big unit of modern 1,000,000 grades, boiler is more and more higher, add deaerator bay and the structural factor such as bunker bay of tabula between machine, stove, the Mean length of single steam line just reaches 160m ~ 190m.The major diameter and the posted sides pipeline of 600 ℃ of grades cost an arm and a leg on the one hand, are that the system resistance in reheating pipe road increases on the other hand, reduced the acting ability of steam turbine, and the theoretical benefit of double reheat system is partly engulfed.Secondly, the double reheat system has increased the steam flow of system's storage greatly.This makes the adjusting inertia of unit significantly increase, thereby has strengthened the control difficulty of unit.
The end of the nineties in last century, the development plan that U.S., day, European Union have formulated efficient ultra supercritical unit of future generation.These plans all are to be the single reheat and the double reheat unit of basic material with the nickel-based superalloy.The price of the Chlorimet steel of present 700 ℃ of grades is more than 5 times of heat-resisting alloy steel of 600 ℃ of grades, if this material is applied to double reheat 2 * 1000MW ultra supercritical unit, only the investment of four large pipelines just will be above 2,500,000,000 RMB, if adopt the double reheat circulation, the cost of investment that boiler, steam turbine and high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline use nickel-base alloy steel are increased has no investment return and can say with respect to present fuel price.
This shows that under present technical specifications, material condition and conventional design scheme, the raising of Turbo-generator Set efficient exists the contradiction of input and output ratio, this has also become the bottleneck of restriction efficient ultra supercritical unit development of future generation.In addition, under the pressure that environmental protection pressure and CO2 reduce discharging, for the main force of present thermal power generation---for subcritical, the supercritical unit, " upgrading " how to carry out next step also will become another problem of electric power industry development.
The model utility content
Because the above-mentioned defective of prior art, technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides that a kind of high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline is extremely short, the pipeline droop loss is few, it is less to regulate inertia, the Turbo-generator Set that cycle efficiency obviously improves.
For achieving the above object, the Turbo-generator Set that the utility model provides a kind of high low level split axle to arrange, described Turbo-generator Set comprises:
One boiler, described boiler comprise body of heater and are arranged on primary superheater at least in the described body of heater, one-level reheater at least; Described superheater, described reheater have the steam import and export respectively and form the steam air inlet-outlet-housing, and corresponding described steam air inlet-outlet-housing place is the header connection area on the described body of heater;
One steam turbine set, described steam turbine set are divided into two types of condensing steam turbine group and back pressure type steam turbine units.The condensing steam turbine group comprises that at least the height of high-pressure cylinder puts unit and comprise the low unit of putting of low pressure (LP) cylinder at least, and the intermediate pressure cylinder of some quantity can be arranged in height arbitrarily and put unit or the low unit of putting; The back pressure type steam turbine unit comprises that at least the height of high-pressure cylinder puts unit, and the intermediate pressure cylinder of some quantity can be arranged in height arbitrarily and put unit or the low unit of putting;
-generator set, described generator set comprise the generator that at least one and described steam turbine set is connected;
Steam pipe system, described steam pipe system comprise the pipeline of transmission working medium between described boiler and the described high-pressure cylinder, i.e. main steam line and a low-temperature reheat pipe road at least; The pipeline of transmission working medium, i.e. high-temperature reheat pipe road between described boiler and the described intermediate pressure cylinder; The pipeline that can also comprise transmission working medium between described first intermediate pressure cylinder and the described boiler, i.e. secondary low-temperature reheat pipe road; And the common steam pipeline between described intermediate pressure cylinder and the described low pressure (LP) cylinder;
Described height is put unit and the low steam of putting unit and is imported and exported between the described steam air inlet-outlet-housing with described superheater, described reheater and be connected by described steam line;
Described height is put unit and described height and is put generator and form height and put axle system, and the described low unit of putting is formed the low axle of putting and is with the described low generator of putting;
It is to be arranged on the described body of heater outside to close on place, described header connection area, promptly high-order the layout that described height is put axle.
At first entering described height through described high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline from the high temperature and high pressure steam of described superheater in the described boiler puts in the described high-pressure cylinder of axle system, after the described high temperature and high pressure steam acting, described high-pressure cylinder steam discharge enters heating back generation high temperature reheated steam in the described reheater; Described high temperature reheated steam enters described intermediate pressure cylinder acting back and discharges; Described Turbo-generator Set is to be arranged on the described body of heater outside to close on place, described header connection area owing to described height being put axle, and the length of the described high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline in the described steam pipe system is able to greatly be shortened.
With described condensing steam turbine generator group by the following example that is configured to:
Described boiler comprises the described superheater of one-level at least, has only the described reheater of one-level; The described high-order height of arranging is put axle system and is comprised a described high-pressure cylinder, and a described intermediate pressure cylinder and described height are put generator; The low axle system of putting that described low level is arranged comprises a described low pressure (LP) cylinder and the described low generator of putting.
At first entering the high-order described height of arranging through described main steam line from the high temperature and high pressure steam of described superheater in the described boiler puts in the described high-pressure cylinder of axle system, after the described high temperature and high pressure steam acting, the steam that described high-pressure cylinder is discharged enters back heating in the described reheater by the low-temperature reheat pipe road; The reheated steam that generates through the heating back enters described intermediate pressure cylinder acting by described high-temperature reheat pipe road, the vapor pressure that described intermediate pressure cylinder is discharged, temperature reduce greatly, and described low the putting that enters the low level layout by described common steam pipeline continues to do work the back discharge in the described low pressure (LP) cylinder of system; Described Turbo-generator Set is to close on place, described header connection area outside a high position is arranged on described body of heater owing to described height being put axle, and the length in described main steam line, described low-temperature reheat pipe road and described high-temperature reheat pipe road is able to be shortened greatly.
For described condensing steam turbine group, described height is put the intermediate pressure cylinder that unit can also comprise some quantity, and described height is put the intermediate pressure cylinder of the described high-pressure cylinder of unit, described some quantity and described height and put generator and form described height and put axle system.
For described condensing steam turbine group, the described low intermediate pressure cylinder that unit can also comprise some quantity of putting, the described low intermediate pressure cylinder of described some quantity of unit, described low pressure (LP) cylinder and the described low generator of putting put formed the described low axle system of putting.
For described back pressure type steam turbine unit, can include only described height and put unit, described height is put the intermediate pressure cylinder of the described high-pressure cylinder of unit, described some quantity and described height and is put generator and form described height and put axle system.
For described back pressure type steam turbine unit, can comprise that also described height puts unit and the described low unit of putting, the intermediate pressure cylinder that described height is put the described high-pressure cylinder of unit, described some quantity and described height are put generator and are formed described height and put axle and be; Described low intermediate pressure cylinder and the described low generator of putting of putting described some quantity of unit formed the described low axle system of putting.
In the above-mentioned embodiment of the present utility model, described height is put axle system and is arranged on the place, described header connection area that reclines, the described body of heater outside, to dwindle the length of high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline greatly.
Turbo-generator Set of the present utility model has adopted high puts axle system and low to put axle be the design proposal of high and low layout straggly, height is put axle system be arranged near place, boiler header connection area, will hang down and put axle system according to conventional low level setting.Because height is put axle and is fastened by the boiler header connection area and be provided with, be used in and carry the high-temperature and pressure pipeline of high temperature and high pressure steam to shorten greatly, compare almost and can ignore with raw footage, reduce the high-temperature and pressure pipeline cost of Turbo-generator Set greatly, reduced the pressure and the radiation loss of steam line mesohigh steam.
Turbo-generator Set of the present utility model is also owing to shortened the length of reheaing steam pipe, the pressure and the radiation loss of reheaing steam pipe mesohigh steam have been reduced, reduced the steam flow of storing in the re-heating subsystem simultaneously, thereby improved the efficient of Turbo-generator Set, the adjusting inertia of unit is greatly improved.
The layout design of Turbo-generator Set of the present utility model, except being applicable to the back pressure type steam turbine generator set, mainly be applicable to the condensing steam turbine generator group layout design of (comprising the sucking condensing type generator set), both methods of operation and original twin shaft unit traditional design are much at one.
Though putting when generator send electricity earthward, the height of Turbo-generator Set of the present utility model need extend enclosed busbar, but other of ripe at present enclosed busbar cost of investment and increase send electric cost, with respect to expensive high parameter alloyed steel steam line, the gap of the order of magnitude is arranged.
Because adopted the design proposal of high and low layout straggly, novel steam generator set of the present utility model and Turbo-generator Set of the prior art have the following advantages:
(1) eliminate the pressure drop of the high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline of the overwhelming majority, increased the acting ability of steam turbine power generation unit, this advantage is more obvious for the double reheat unit;
The cost of investment of the high parameter of (2) the elimination overwhelming majority, the pipeline of high value and corresponding suspension and support, thermal insulating material etc.;
(3) reduce harmful vapor volume, improved the adjusting function of Turbo-generator Set greatly;
(4) simplified because high-temperature and pressure pipeline is arranged required mill-type construction design, reduced corresponding ground load, reduced the cost of corresponding civil engineering;
(5) be the efficient ultra supercritical unit development of 700 ℃ of grades of future generation elimination topmost restraining factors, the road of feasible " upgrading " is provided for present subcritical, supercritical unit.
Be described further below with reference to the technique effect of accompanying drawing, to understand the purpose of this utility model, feature and effect fully design of the present utility model, concrete structure and generation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the conventional schematic representation of arranging of tower boiler of the prior art and double reheat steam turbine set;
Fig. 2 is the conventional schematic representation of arranging of tower boiler of the prior art and twin shaft double reheat steam turbine set;
Fig. 3 a is the Turbo-generator Set arrangement schematic representation of first specific embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 b be among Fig. 3 a A to schematic representation;
Fig. 3 c be among Fig. 3 a B to schematic representation;
Fig. 4 a is the Turbo-generator Set arrangement schematic representation of second specific embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 b be among Fig. 4 a A to schematic representation;
Fig. 4 c be among Fig. 4 a B to schematic representation;
Fig. 5 a is the Turbo-generator Set arrangement schematic representation of the 3rd specific embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 5 b be among Fig. 5 a A to schematic representation;
Fig. 5 c be among Fig. 5 a B to schematic representation;
Fig. 6 a is the Turbo-generator Set arrangement schematic representation of the 4th specific embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 6 b be among Fig. 6 a A to schematic representation;
Fig. 6 c be among Fig. 6 a B to schematic representation;
Fig. 7 a is the Turbo-generator Set arrangement schematic representation of the 5th specific embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 7 b be among Fig. 7 a A to schematic representation;
Fig. 7 c be among Fig. 7 a B to schematic representation;
Fig. 8 a is the Turbo-generator Set arrangement schematic representation of the 6th specific embodiment of the present utility model;
Fig. 8 b be among Fig. 8 a A to schematic representation;
Fig. 9 is a high another kind of arrangement schematic representation of putting axle system in second specific embodiment of the present utility model.
Embodiment
------boiler is the arrangement schematic representation of the twin shaft double reheat ultra supercritical condensing steam turbine group of tower oven shown in Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c, to be first specific embodiment of the present utility model.This unit is five cylinders, four steam discharges, and wherein high-pressure cylinder is 211 1, respectively one of middle pressure one cylinder 212, middle pressure two cylinder 221, and 222 two of low pressure (LP) cylinders, wherein high-pressure cylinder 211 closes cylinder with middle pressure one cylinder 212, and design parameter is 28MPa/600 ℃/600 ℃/600 ℃.
The twin shaft supercritical steam turbine generator set of present embodiment comprises:
One boiler 1, boiler 1 are the tower oven that related domain is commonly used, comprise body of heater 14 and are arranged on the economizer 18 in the body of heater 14, three 11,13,15, two reheaters 12,16 of superheater; Each superheater and each reheater have the steam import and export respectively and form the steam air inlet-outlet-housing according to usual way of the prior art, and corresponding steam air inlet-outlet-housing place is header connection area 17 on the body of heater 14.
One steam turbine set 2, steam turbine set 2 be divided into comprise the high-pressure cylinder 211 and the height of middle pressure one cylinder 212 puts unit 21 and comprise 2 low pressure (LP) cylinders 222 and in press the low unit 22 of putting of two cylinder 221, height to put unit 21 to put unit 22 and be connected with hanging down by pipeline.
One generator set comprises with high and puts height that unit 21 is connected and put generator 41 and put the low generator 42 of putting that unit 22 is connected with hanging down.
Also comprise steam pipe system 3, steam pipe system 3 comprises superheater 13 outlets and high-pressure cylinder 211 that are communicated with boiler 1, be used to carry the main steam line 31 of high temperature and high pressure steam, the single reheat device 12 that is communicated with high-pressure cylinder 211 and boiler 1, the low-temperature primary reheaing steam pipe 32 that is used for transporting low temperature single reheat steam, be communicated with single reheat device 12 and be exported to middle high temperature single reheat steam line 33 of pressing a cylinder 212, press the low temperature double reheat steam line 34 of a cylinder 212 in the connection, be communicated with secondary reheater 16 and be exported to middle high temperature secondary reheaing steam pipe 35 of pressing two cylinder 221 to the secondary reheater 16 of boiler 1.Also comprise the common steam pipeline of pressing 221 to 2 low pressure (LP) cylinders 222 of two cylinder in the connection.Wherein, main steam line 31, high temperature single reheat pipeline 33 and high temperature secondary reheating pipe road 35 need to use the high-temperature alloy steel of 600 ℃ of grades.
Shown in Fig. 3 b, height is put unit 21 and height and is put generator 41 and form height and put axle system.Shown in Fig. 3 c, the low unit 22 of putting is formed the low axle system of putting with the low generator 42 of putting, and low to put axle be the low level setting.
Shown in Fig. 3 a, special way of the present utility model is that height is put unit 21 and is with the high generator 41 composition height of putting to put axle system, is arranged on the elevated platform 5.Elevated platform 5 is arranged on body of heater 14 outsides, and the position is roughly corresponding to header connection area 17.The cylinder that closes of high-pressure cylinder 211 and middle pressure one cylinder 21 2 is put unit 21 high positions as height and is arranged on the anterior elevated platform 5 that is provided with of tower oven, and the steam of high-pressure cylinder 211 and middle pressure one cylinder 212 is imported and exported press close to header connection area 17 as much as possible.The steam import and export that height is put unit 21 are connected by high-temperature and pressure pipeline 3 with the steam air inlet-outlet-housing of each superheater, each reheater.The low unit 22 of putting presses in comprising two cylinder 221 and two low pressure (LP) cylinders 222 to be with one lowly to put generator 42 to form the low axle of putting be that still low level is arranged in the conventional steam turbine building.
By this arrangement, because the high high-pressure cylinder of putting in the unit 21 211 is pressed close to header connection area 17 with middle pressure one cylinder 212 and is provided with, the main steam line 31 that exports to steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 211 from the superheater 13 of boiler 1 shortens greatly, and after this high-pressure cylinder 211 steam discharges are that low-temperature primary reheated steam is directly returned 12 heating of boiler single reheat device by low-temperature primary reheaing steam pipe 32.High temperature single reheat steam through heating is also only sent into the middle cylinder 212 of pressing by high temperature single reheat pipeline 33.Subsequently, the low temperature double reheat steam after the acting directly returns boiler 1 through low temperature double reheat steam line 34.At last, through the high temperature secondary reheated steam after the secondary reheater heating, the steam line 35 in path is delivered to the steam turbine generator room that low level is arranged routinely, enters low middle pressure two cylinder 222 and the low pressure (LP) cylinder 221 of putting unit 22 and continues the acting generating.So, the steam pipe system in five loops, prior art Central Plains: main steam pipe 31, low-temperature primary reheated steam pipe 32, high temperature single reheat steam tube 33, low temperature double reheat steam tube 34, high temperature secondary reheated steam pipe 35 are changed to wherein main steam pipe 31 in the steam turbine set that high and low axle of the present utility model is a layout straggly, low-temperature primary reheated steam pipe 32, high temperature single reheat steam tube 33, low temperature double reheat steam tube 34 are shortened minimum.If ignore boiler 1 and high distance of putting between the unit 21, then the duct length in these four loops can save substantially, only remaining high temperature secondary reheated steam pipe 35.
With regard to pipe-line system 3, adopting high and low axle is that the cost of investment of high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline of the generator set of layout straggly will reduce greatly.
And the steam flow of storing with regard to re-heating subsystem, shown in Fig. 3 a, the generator set of present embodiment can reduce the steam memory space of double reheat system in conventional the layout in a large number, and this makes that the adjusting function of generator set of the present utility model is suitable with conventional single reheat generator set.
The twin shaft double reheat ultra supercritical steam turbine generator set of present embodiment is a layout straggly owing to having adopted high and low axle, the supercritical steam turbine generator set of relative prior art, its main steam pipe, low-temperature primary reheated steam pipe, high temperature single reheat steam tube, low temperature double reheat steam tube shorten length are to almost ignoring, and the high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline investment in the steam pipe system declines to a great extent.
In the practical application of this layout design, can also be by the bypass effect, height is put unit and low put unit and independently be incorporated into the power networks respectively, is independent of each other.The dislocation of middle pressure one cylinder and middle pressure two cylinder is arranged apart, put unit at height and go wrong under the situation of jumping machine, but steam is bypassed to the low still normal power generation of unit of putting.In like manner, middle pressure one cylinder steam discharge can directly enter vapour condenser by bypass, still can keep the operation that height is put unit low when putting unit tripping.
In the load and the axle of pressing two cylinder to be arranged in can to reduce elevated platform on the conventional platform be length, for carrying out the design that this type of height is put unit for the first time, can reduce design difficulty.
Thus, the high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline of the ultra supercritical steam turbine generator set of present embodiment shortens greatly, has the following advantages:
At first, the investment of high temperature and high pressure steam pipe-line system declines to a great extent.
Secondly, the pipe-line system resistance descends greatly, though increased single reheat, therefore the steam turbine capacity loss that always does work rises.Total acting capacity loss of double reheat system of pressure drop present embodiment of taking into account reheater self is suitable with conventional single reheat unit.
Once more, the high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline significantly reduces, and has correspondingly reduced the system radiating loss.Simultaneously, the steam memory space of re-heating subsystem does not increase, so the adjusting inertia of the generator set of present embodiment is still suitable with conventional single reheat unit.Generally, the design pressure drop of re-heating subsystem is 6.7 ~ 10% of a reheated steam pressure.This pressure drop generally by reheating pipe road and reheater to dividing.Putting unit with the height in the present embodiment is high-pressure cylinder, middle pressure one cylinder, and low to put unit be middle pressure two cylinder and two low pressure (LP) cylinders, and twice thermal cycle scheme again is example.The generator set of present embodiment, cold reheat and high temperature reheating pipe road have been eliminated by the single reheat system, so only remaining reheater pressure drop is equivalent to reduce half.And the double reheat system has only cancelled secondary cold reheat pipeline, and pressure drop has reduced 1/4 again, has increased the one-level reheater, and the total yield pressure drop has only increased about 1/4.Therefore, whole twice again thermal cycle compare with single reheat of the prior art circulation and only increased by 1/4 pressure drop.If consider that main steam line also is reduced to the length of ignoring in the present embodiment, then comprehensive, the system of the double reheat capacity loss that always does work will remain basically stable with the single reheat system.
Above advantage makes the theoretical heat economy increment of double reheat circuit obtain almost not having demonstrating fully of discount.
It shown in Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, Fig. 4 c the Turbo-generator Set arrangement schematic representation of the utility model second specific embodiment.The structure of present embodiment and first embodiment's structure is basic identical, and institute's difference is, presses two cylinder 213 during generator set 2 also comprises.Middle pressure two cylinder 213 is arranged in height to be put on the elevated platform 5 of unit 21, make high-pressure cylinder 211, middle pressure one cylinder 212, middle pressure two cylinder 213 and height put generator 41 composition height and put axle system, be arranged near the elevated platform 5 the boiler 1 steam air inlet-outlet-housing district 17 two low pressure (LP) cylinders 221 and lowly put the low axle system of putting that generator 42 forms and be arranged in conventional steam turbine building platform.Present embodiment mesohigh cylinder and intermediate pressure cylinder all place a high position, the length of all high-temperature and pressure pipelines can be ignored, only be furnished with low pressure (LP) cylinder on the low bit platform, the then configurable Half Speed machine of low pressure (LP) cylinder, final blade length can increase, its leaving loss can decline to a great extent, and low pressure (LP) cylinder efficient increases, but the cost of Half Speed generator will rise again to some extent at this moment.
Above-mentioned two kinds of embodiments that the utility model is applied to the double reheat unit have his own strong points, and specifically adopt which kind of arrangement, also need to carry out technology and Economy in conjunction with the engineering actual conditions and make decision after relatively again.
In the present embodiment, all high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline is all near the steam air inlet-outlet-housing district 17 of boiler 1 in the steam pipe system 3, its length can be ignored, at this moment, pressure two cylinder 213 is exported to the middle pressure two cylinder exhaust steam pipe 36 of low pressure (LP) cylinder 221 from the downward pipeline of a high position only is, adopts the Ordinary Steel material just to be enough to satisfy parameter request.After adopting this scheme, the length of all high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline main steam pipes 31, low-temperature primary reheated steam pipe 32, high temperature single reheat steam tube 33, low temperature double reheat steam tube 34, high temperature secondary reheated steam pipe 35 is shortened as much as possible, the investment cost of tradition " four large pipelines " is dropped to minimum, and the investment of steam pipe system 3 declines to a great extent.But need before low pressure (LP) cylinder 221 imports install a heavy caliber quick closing valve dish valve (not shown) in order to ensure the safety of rearmounted unit this moment, to prevent the low pressure (LP) cylinder hypervelocity.The manufacturing technology of heavy caliber quick closing valve dish valve has belonged to routine techniques under the present this pressure rating.
Therefore, for high-capacity or 600 ℃ of elevated steam conditions (〉 more) unit, in view of the price in twice reheating pipe road is also very high, can pay the utmost attention to middle pressure two cylinder 213 is arranged on the elevated platform 5.
It shown in Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b, Fig. 5 c the Turbo-generator Set arrangement schematic representation of the utility model the 3rd specific embodiment.The structure of present embodiment and first embodiment's structure is basic identical, and institute's difference is that present embodiment is that the utility model is applied in single reheat supercritical steam turbine generator set.The structure of present embodiment and first embodiment's structure difference is, with generator set 2 mesohigh cylinders 211 with highly put height that generator 41 formed and put near the steam air inlet-outlet-housing 17 that axle system is arranged in boiler 1 nearby the elevated platform 5, intermediate pressure cylinder 221, low pressure (LP) cylinder 222 are formed lowly puts unit 22 and lowly puts the low axle system of putting that generator 42 forms and be arranged in conventional steam turbine building platform.The technique effect that such layout design obtains is, main steam line 31 in the steam pipe system 3, cold reheaing steam pipe 32 shorten lengths are to almost ignoring, the length of having only reheat heat steam line 33 is with quite original, and the investment of high temperature and high pressure steam pipe-line system declines to a great extent.
It shown in Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b, Fig. 6 c the Turbo-generator Set arrangement schematic representation of the utility model the 4th specific embodiment.Present embodiment also is applied in single reheat supercritical steam turbine generator set for the utility model.The structure of present embodiment and the 3rd embodiment's structure is basic identical, institute's difference is, the structure of present embodiment is, the height that high-pressure cylinder in the generator set 2 211, intermediate pressure cylinder 212 formed is put unit 21 and is highly put height that generator 41 forms and put axle system and be arranged near the steam air inlet-outlet-housing district 17 of boiler 1 the elevated platform 5, and the low rearmounted axle system that low pressure (LP) cylinder 221 and low rearmounted generator 42 are formed is arranged in conventional steam turbine building platform.The technique effect that such layout design obtains is, main steam line 31, cold reheaing steam pipe 32, reheat heat steam line 33 length almost can be ignored in the steam pipe system 3, the length of all high temperature and high pressure steam pipelines all is reduced to the shortest, from the downward pipeline of a high position only is the intermediate pressure cylinder exhaust steam pipe 34 that is exported to low pressure (LP) cylinder 221 from intermediate pressure cylinder 212, adopt the Ordinary Steel material just to be enough to satisfy parameter request, the pipe-line system investment is declined to a great extent.
It shown in Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 c the double reheat Turbo-generator Set arrangement schematic representation of the utility model the 5th specific embodiment.The structure of the structure of present embodiment and first specific embodiment is basic identical, and institute's difference is that it is Π type stove that the utility model is applied to unit boiler.Among Fig. 7 a the cylinder that closes of high-pressure cylinder in the generator set 2 211 and middle pressure one cylinder 212 is put unit 21 high positions as height and is arranged on the platform 5 that Π type stove 1 top is provided with, the steel structure of Π type stove can bear this part weight, low put unit 22 and forms, still according to the low level layout of routine by low pressure (LP) cylinder 221 and middle pressure two cylinder 222.Height is put unit 21 and is with the high generator 41 composition height of putting to put axle system, and the low unit 22 of putting is with a low low axle system of putting of generator 42 compositions of putting.Because high high-order 17 limits, steam air inlet-outlet-housing district of pressing close to be arranged on boiler 1 of axle system of putting, make the length of the high-temperature and pressure pipeline 31,32,33,34 in the steam pipe system 3 can save substantially, only remaining high temperature secondary reheaing steam pipe 35, reduce the pipeline cost of investment greatly, reduce drag losses, improve the adjusting function of unit.
------back pressure type steam turbine generator set arrangement schematic representation that is the 6th specific embodiment of the present utility model shown in Fig. 8 a, Fig. 8 b.The structure of present embodiment and first embodiment's structure is basic identical, and institute's difference is: the back pressure type steam turbine unit has been cancelled the low unit of putting.In the present embodiment, high-pressure cylinder 211, intermediate pressure cylinder 212 formed highly put unit 21 and highly put height that generator 4 forms and put axle system and be arranged near the steam air inlet-outlet-housing district 17 of boiler 1 the elevated platform 5, cancel and routine is positioned at the low axle system of putting of hanging down bit platform, the steam discharge that exports from intermediate pressure cylinder 212 directly is sent to heat supply user.
Because above-mentioned layout, the length of the high-temperature and pressure pipeline 31,32,33 in the steam pipe system 3 of the generator set of present embodiment can shorten greatly, and is only remaining from the downward common blow-off line 34 of intermediate pressure cylinder outlet, reduced cost of investment, reduce drag losses, improve the adjusting function of unit.
Only exemplified the wherein a kind of arrangement that the utility model is applied to the back pressure type unit in this specification.In other embodiments of the present utility model, also intermediate pressure cylinder can be placed conventional low bit platform and only high-pressure cylinder be placed elevated platform; Or it is suitable too for the double reheat unit.
After Turbo-generator Set of the present utility model adopted the design proposal that high and low axle system arranges, Turbo-generator Set was divided into that the height of layout straggly is put axle system, the low axle of putting is two axles systems.Different with the conventional power generation usage unit is exactly high axle system and the low layout of putting axle system of putting.It is to be arranged in nearby on the superheater outlet leg and near the elevated platform the reheater outlet header of boiler that height is put axle, and the low axle system of putting is arranged in conventional steam turbine building platform.
From the boiler angle, height is put unit and integral platform weight thereof for the gross weight of boiler just " a drop in the ocean ", therefore, height is put unit and integral platform is suspended in not so difficult enforcement on the big plate-girder, for Π type stove, height is put unit be installed in the then more non-difficult matter of furnace roof.When designing, key is that consideration furnace roof or top, stokehold height are put the layout of steam turbine generator and the absorption that basic design, height are put the unit vibration energy, with the comprehensive connection problem on boiler steel structure and basis thereof.And these problems all are the problems that can solve on existing technology platform.
With regard to electrical system, high and low position dispersed placement there is no specific (special) requirements to electrical system: generator, main transformer, enclosed busbar, perhaps generator outlet circuit breaker etc. is the same with the common power plant of conventional twin shaft Turbo-generator Set, equipment is the product of present maturation, and design, construction, operating experience are abundant.Electrical main connecting wire can adopt according to project situation and enlarge unit connection, and a main transformer is set; Also can adopt and send out a change group unit connection, two main transformers are set, height is put generator and is lowly put generator and be incorporated into the power networks respectively, and this is the main wiring mode that present domestic power plant generally adopts, and is experienced, invests less; Or circuit breaker being set at generator outlet, height is put generator and low that put generator and site can be in the high pressure side, also can be in low voltage side, advantage is to send electricity band station service by main transformer, saved the startup spare transformer, but increased generator breaker, the investment of two aspects can balance.Above-mentioned main wiring mode all is applicable to different embodiment of the present utility model.
For a change group unit connection of dispersed placement, but main transformer centralized arrangement booster stations side outside main building, promptly two main transformers are arranged together, and height is put the generator enclosed busbar and is passed from main building.If conditions permit, but main transformer also dispersed placement be arranged in the outer booster stations side of main building at separately generator-near as a main transformer, another main transformer is arranged in height and puts near generator platform or the boiler, shortens enclosed busbar.
Above-mentioned main wiring mode and arrangement, generate output is subject to prime mover and exerts oneself, but mature technology with present boiler and steam turbine, prime mover is exerted oneself and can be reached 1300～1500MW (boiler: bituminous coal, Turbo-generator Set: twin shaft), so the design's single-machine capacity substantially exceeds the 1000MW of present single shaft unit; Promptly embodied the scale effect of big unit, can satisfy electric power again and send requirement.
The separate unit heavy-duty generator is split as two small-capacity generators, does not have tangible rising on total price.Certainly, the double reheat system that to adopt the high and low axle in the utility model be the layout design scheme can bring the increase of boiler and steam turbine investment.But because the significantly reduction of investments such as high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline, total unit price should be suitable with present unit, from the efficiengy-increasing angle, adopt high and low layout twin shaft double reheat steam turbine that following advantage can also be arranged, this makes that generator set cost performance of the present utility model is higher, and the capacity span is bigger.
At first, middle pressure one cylinder is designed to single current, closes cylinder with the high-pressure cylinder of single current.The single current intermediate pressure cylinder has increased blade height, will press the efficient of a cylinder in significantly improving; Its steam flow is opposite with high-pressure cylinder, can be in a basic balance with the thrust that high-pressure cylinder forms, thus save balancing drum, reduce air loss, improve the efficient of high-pressure cylinder; And press a cylinder in directly entering owing to close high-pressure cylinder gland packing leakage behind the cylinder, and both reduced the high-pressure cylinder gland packing leakage, eliminated the steam admission side gland packing leakage of middle pressure one cylinder again, further improved whole efficiency.The middle exhaust steam pressure of a cylinder of pressing is higher, can reach 2 ~ 3MPa, and its exhaust stage blade can be not long, so the cylinder that closes of high-pressure cylinder and middle pressure one cylinder is more easily realized.
As shown in Figure 9, be the high another kind of arrangement schematic representation of putting axle system among second embodiment of the present utility model.The height of present embodiment put axle system and second embodiment employing high-pressure cylinder 211, that middle pressure one cylinder 212 closes the cylinder arrangement is different, present embodiment mesohigh cylinder 211 adopts the design proposal of dividing cylinder to arrange with middle pressure one cylinder 212, be about to high-pressure cylinder 211,212 fens cylinders of middle pressure one cylinder, can reach on the whole and close the identical technique effect of cylinder layout.
In other embodiments of the present utility model, it is all can adopt so to divide cylinder to arrange that the height of multi-cylinder is put axle, exemplifies no longer one by one in the utility model book.
The design concept of twin shaft height layout of the present utility model can be applied in the generator set of the listed various configurations of following table.As well known to the skilled person, wherein the quantity of intermediate pressure cylinder is not limited to two.
| High-pressure cylinder | The middle cylinder of pressing | The middle two cylinder of pressing | Low pressure (LP) cylinder (n) | |
| Single reheat back pressure type unit (height, one in) | Height is put | Low putting | Do not have | Do not have |
| Height is put | Height is put | Do not have | Do not have | |
| Single reheat back pressure type unit (height, two in) | Height is put | Height is put | Low putting | Do not have |
| Height is put | Height is put | Height is put | Do not have | |
| Single reheat condensed steam type unit (height, in, n is low) | Height is put | Low putting | Do not have | Low putting |
| Height is put | Height is put | Do not have | Low putting | |
| Double reheat condensed steam type unit (height, in two, n is low) | Height is put | Height is put | Low putting | Low putting |
| Height is put | Height is put | Height is put | Low putting |
Annotate: the condensed steam type unit comprises the sucking condensing type unit.
Because generator set adopts twin shaft to arrange that the capacity of steam turbine generator can surmount existing level greatly.For high-pressure cylinder, after not adopting governing stage, increase the safety that power can not influence the chopped-off head blade, and the raising of mass flow rate can compensate main steam pressure and improve the specific volume that causes and descend, guarantee the internal efficiency of high-pressure cylinder.For intermediate pressure cylinder, the raising of mass flow rate also helps improving internal efficiency equally.For the low machine of putting, mass flow rate for guaranteeing leaving area, can increase a low pressure (LP) cylinder after improving, even middle pressure two cylinder adds three low pressure (LP) cylinders, the axle that rearmounted machine four cylinders do not exceed existing single shaft unit is a stable configuration.If according to rearmounted machine four cylinders, low pressure (LP) cylinder leaving area 3 * 12.5m
2Calculate that unit capacity can reach the 1500MW level.
Single reheat 2 * 1000MW ultra supercritical unit with present 28MPa/600 ℃/600 ℃ of grades is an example, about 8,000,000,000 yuans of gross investment, the price of wherein " four large pipelines " (main steam line, high-temperature reheat pipe road, low-temperature reheat pipe road and high-pressure feed water pipeline) is about 3.5 hundred million yuans.If adopt 28MPa/600 ℃/600 ℃/600 ℃ of synthermal double reheat schemes with pressure rating, the unit cycle efficiency can improve nearly 5% relatively, this moment, reheaing steam pipe quantity doubled, every steam turbine need increase an intermediate pressure cylinder, the heat that adds one-level many again, the cost of boiler also can increase.In addition, newly-increased secondary high temperature, the layout in low-temperature reheat pipe road need bigger factory building space, and the investment of workshop building will obviously be risen.But after adopting the utility model scheme, the price of high temperature steam pipeline will be saved more than 80%, invest with this part that saves and to remedy the rising that increases boiler after the single reheat, steam turbine investment, in general, its cost will be suitable with the ultra supercritical unit of synthermal single reheat ad eundem with pressure rating, consider the minimizing of pipeline pressure drop and the raising of steam turbine whole efficiency, unit efficiency will improve about 5%～6% than the latter, and generatine set heat efficiency is expected to surpass 48%.The ultra supercritical power plant of two 1000MW units if adopt this design, economizes on coal above 200,000 tons/year.
Put the back pressure type unit of machine except that only band is high, be applied to the Turbo-generator Set startup of the present utility model and the method for operation and traditional biaxial plane and be as good as.And put the electric weight transportation problem of machine for height, present enclosed busbar technology maturation, and its cost can't mention in the same breath with expensive high alloy steam line at all, and economic advantages are obvious.The application of design concept of the present utility model in various generator set can either break through the bottleneck of the efficient ultra supercritical unit development of 700 ℃ of grades of future generation, can be the road that present subcritical, supercritical unit provide feasible " upgrading " again.
The utlity model has following advantage and effect: the high and low position of Turbo-generator Set dispersed placement, the length and the system resistance of high-temperature and pressure pipeline have been reduced greatly, the storage vapour amount of re-heating subsystem and the adjusting inertia of unit have been reduced, and making double reheat, perhaps repeatedly hot more theoretical benefit reaches the recovery that does not have discount.Under equal cost, improve system thermal efficiency greatly; Make unit capacity break through present bottleneck; For following thermal power generation unit provides brand-new development space.
In sum, be several preferred embodiment of the present utility model described in this specification.All technician in the art comply with design of the present utility model on the basis of existing technology by the available technological scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment, all should be in claim protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (11)
1. novel steam generator set, described Turbo-generator Set comprises:
-boiler, described boiler comprise body of heater and are arranged on primary superheater at least in the described body of heater, one-level reheater at least; Described superheater, described reheater have the steam import and export respectively and form the steam air inlet-outlet-housing, and corresponding described steam air inlet-outlet-housing place is the header connection area on the described body of heater;
-steam turbine set, described steam turbine set comprise at least one high-pressure cylinder and at least one intermediate pressure cylinder;
-generator set, described generator set comprise the generator that at least one and described steam turbine set is connected;
Steam pipe system, described steam pipe system comprise at least and are communicated with described boiler and described high-pressure cylinder, are communicated with described boiler and described intermediate pressure cylinder and are used to carry the high temperature and high pressure steam pipeline of high temperature and high pressure steam;
It is characterized in that:
Described high-pressure cylinder and described generator are formed height and are put axle system; It is to be arranged on the described body of heater outside to close on place, described header connection area that described height is put axle.
2. Turbo-generator Set as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described steam turbine set also comprises a low unit of putting, and describedly lowly puts unit and comprises at least one low pressure (LP) cylinder;
Described generator set also comprises and the described low low generator of putting that unit is connected of putting;
The described low unit of putting is formed the low axle system of putting with the described low generator of putting, and described low putting spool is the low level setting;
Described steam pipe system also comprises the common steam pipeline that is communicated with described intermediate pressure cylinder and described low pressure (LP) cylinder;
The steam that discharge described intermediate pressure cylinder acting back is put acting back discharge in the described low pressure (LP) cylinder of system by described common steam line transportation to described hanging down.
3. Turbo-generator Set as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described intermediate pressure cylinder is high-order to be provided with and also to form height with described high-pressure cylinder and put unit, and described height is put unit and described generator and formed described height and put axle and be.
4. Turbo-generator Set as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the setting of described intermediate pressure cylinder low level is also formed the low axle system of putting with a low generator of putting.
5. Turbo-generator Set as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: intermediate pressure cylinder is high-order to be provided with and also to form height with described high-pressure cylinder and put unit, and described height is put unit and described generator and formed described height and put axle and be.
6. Turbo-generator Set as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: an intermediate pressure cylinder is high-order to be provided with and also to form height with described high-pressure cylinder and put unit, and described height is put unit and described generator and formed described height and put axle and be; Another intermediate pressure cylinder low level setting is also formed the low axle system of putting with a low generator of putting.
7. Turbo-generator Set as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described intermediate pressure cylinder is high-order to be provided with and also to form height with described high-pressure cylinder and put unit, and described height is put unit and described generator and formed described height and put axle and be.
8. Turbo-generator Set as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the setting of described intermediate pressure cylinder low level is also formed the described low axle system of putting with described low pressure (LP) cylinder and the described low generator of putting.
9. Turbo-generator Set as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described high-pressure cylinder and two intermediate pressure cylinders are formed height and are put unit, and described height is put unit and described generator and formed described height and put axle and be.
10. Turbo-generator Set as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described high-pressure cylinder and an intermediate pressure cylinder are formed height and are put unit, and described height is put unit and described generator and formed described height and put axle and be; Describedly low put unit and also comprise another intermediate pressure cylinder at least, the described low unit of putting is formed the described low axle of putting and is with the described low generator of putting.
11. as the arbitrary described Turbo-generator Set of claim 1 to 10, it is characterized in that: described height is put axle system and is arranged on the place, described header connection area that reclines, the described body of heater outside.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200694183U CN201037429Y (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Novel steamer generating set |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2007200694183U CN201037429Y (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Novel steamer generating set |
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| CN201037429Y true CN201037429Y (en) | 2008-03-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNU2007200694183U Expired - Lifetime CN201037429Y (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Novel steamer generating set |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102128443A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-07-20 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Pulverized coal boiler suitable for ultrahigh steam temperature |
| CN102230398A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2011-11-02 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 | Single-shaft steam turbine generator unit |
| CN102359398A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-02-22 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 | Suspension type high-position steam turbine generator platform system and steam turbine generating structure system |
| WO2018192526A1 (en) * | 2017-04-22 | 2018-10-25 | 冯煜珵 | Pipeline connecting system for generator boiler |
| CN114543065A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-05-27 | 清华大学 | Thermal power plant unit |
-
2007
- 2007-04-27 CN CNU2007200694183U patent/CN201037429Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102128443A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-07-20 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Pulverized coal boiler suitable for ultrahigh steam temperature |
| CN102128443B (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2012-12-12 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Pulverized coal boiler suitable for ultrahigh steam temperature |
| CN102230398A (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2011-11-02 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 | Single-shaft steam turbine generator unit |
| CN102359398A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-02-22 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 | Suspension type high-position steam turbine generator platform system and steam turbine generating structure system |
| CN102359398B (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2014-10-22 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院 | Suspension type high-position steam turbine generator platform system and steam turbine generating structure system |
| WO2018192526A1 (en) * | 2017-04-22 | 2018-10-25 | 冯煜珵 | Pipeline connecting system for generator boiler |
| US11002155B2 (en) | 2017-04-22 | 2021-05-11 | Yucheng FENG | Pipeline connection system for steam turbine and boiler combination |
| CN114543065A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-05-27 | 清华大学 | Thermal power plant unit |
| CN114543065B (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2023-01-10 | 清华大学 | Thermal power plant unit |
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Granted publication date: 20080319 |