CN201031704Y - Tunnel wireless laser stakeout device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel wireless laser setting out device, which is composed of a computer, a servo electronic total station, a semiconductor laser and a wireless communicator. The serial port of the computer is connected with the wireless communicator, the total station is connected with the wireless communicator through the serial port, and the semiconductor laser is installed inside the ranging rotating part of the total station. Under the control of computer software, the system completes the workflow of system self-positioning, tunnel axis data, excavation section and drilling and blasting plan data input, section measurement, section profile and blast hole positioning and setting out. The instrument can automatically process arbitrary curved tunnels, arbitrary cross-section shapes and drilling and blasting schemes, quickly and accurately use laser beams to indicate excavation, and is suitable for various underground engineering constructions including tunnel excavation.

Description

Tunnel wireless laser stakeout device

technical field

The utility model relates to a laser stakeout device for underground engineering excavation, in particular to a wireless laser stakeout device for tunnels, in particular to a laser stakeout device for excavation section outlines and blasthole positioning stakeouts in drilling and blasting tunnel construction.

Background technique

At present, in the drilling and blasting construction of the underground cavern tunnel network, the positioning and setting out of the excavation working face is generally in the state of measuring the centerline of the manual instrument and positioning the blast hole with a steel ruler, which is time-consuming and laborious, and the work efficiency is low, which cannot meet the huge engineering tasks. Due to the urgent requirement of time, and the poor accuracy of positioning and lofting, it is easy to cause over- and under-excavation, which affects the construction quality, progress and cost.

The use of laser projection for lofting construction is a good solution. In the current laser projection lofting technology, the laser pointing device is a simple and practical one. It uses lasers placed on the top and side walls of the tunnel to emit laser beams that coincide with or parallel to the centerline of the tunnel to locate the centerline of the tunnel. This technology has the characteristics of low price, simple structure, visible light emission, and does not occupy tunnel traffic space to affect construction. It can indicate the direction and slope of tunnel excavation, and calibrate the position of tunnel centerline. holes, it is difficult to deal with curved tunnels, and it is still necessary to manually determine and measure each blast hole during use, which is a heavy workload and not accurate enough.

Recently, there has been a technology that can flexibly carry out laser stakeout of tunnel section—laser lens scanning projection stakeout technology, such as the laser tunnel section stakeout instrument disclosed on August 9, 2000 by Chinese invention patent publication number CN1262378A. This technology uses a stepping motor to drive the objective lens to translate, change the laser beam output direction of the fixed laser in the instrument for scanning, and realize the functions of laser point projection indicating the profile of the section and positioning the outline and multiple blasthole points on the excavation section. This type of technology and corresponding instruments have some disadvantages in practical application: self-positioning is difficult, requires the cooperation of measuring instruments, and it is difficult to freely set up stations. For example, it can only be placed on the middle pile point, which occupies the tunnel traffic space and affects Tunnel construction; it is inconvenient to deal with curved tunnels; due to the limited relative aperture of the objective lens, the scanning range and distance are limited to a certain extent.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a wireless tunnel laser stakeout device for tunnels, which can realize rapid laser positioning and stakeout in tunnels and other underground engineering constructions; in use, the instrument itself can be easily positioned, and the laser scan stakeout The range is not limited by the stakeout position and distance, and does not affect the tunnel construction traffic. The positioning and stakeout accuracy is high, and it can easily and automatically handle any curved tunnel, any cross-section shape and drilling and blasting scheme.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical measures: the stakeout device is composed of a computer, a servo electronic total station, a semiconductor laser, and a serial port wireless communicator. The computer is equipped with control software, the serial port of the computer and the serial port of the servo electronic total station are respectively connected to the serial wireless communicator, and the connection and transmission of data and control signals are carried out between the two serial wireless communicators; the semiconductor laser is installed Inside the measuring rotating part of the total station, the laser beam is projected from the opening on the rotating part of the total station measuring. Under the control of computer software, the stakeout device controls the measurement of the total station for self-positioning through wireless communication. By controlling the rotation of the total station, the laser is projected onto the tunnel excavation face to achieve the purpose of stakeout. The computer software has been registered for software copyright. The name of the software is "Tunneling Automatic Positioning System", and the software copyright registration number is 2007SR01366. Its workflow is as follows:

(1) System initialization, that is, turn on the computer, wireless communicator, laser and total station, make them in working condition, and confirm that the wireless communicator and total station are working normally;

(2) Use the total station to observe the known backsight point, and the system automatically calculates its own position (north, east and elevation) and azimuth (north direction);

(3) Input the axial geometric data of the entire tunnel, the shape data of the section and the drilling and blasting scheme (section blasting hole design scheme) under the graphical interface, including any multi-section tunnels of straight line and arc curve type, and excavation sections of any shape and blasthole location;

(4) Control the rotation of the total station, measure the distance of the current excavation work section and the angle of the measurement point, compare the three-dimensional data of the tunnel axis that has been input, and calculate the feature points of the excavation section outline (arch point, apex and side wall normal negative zero point, etc.) and the three-dimensional coordinates of the blast hole;

(5) According to the positioning data of the lofting device itself, calculate the feature points of the excavation section contour and the horizontal H angle and vertical V angle of the total station rotation corresponding to the blast hole; control the rotation of the total station so that the laser beam is projected to the position to be positioned Contour line points and blasthole positions guide operators to mark and drill holes.

(6) After all the stakeouts are completed, output the graphics and records of the stakeout results.

The utility model has the following advantages and effects: ①The positioning of the stakeout system is simple and convenient; due to the use of computer software analysis and the use of a total station to measure known points with high precision, the three-dimensional coordinates of the system itself can be quickly determined, and the operation is simple. Complex tunnel stakeout is very beneficial; therefore, the system can be freely set up, and the stakeout system can be installed on the high side or top of the side wall during construction, without affecting the construction vehicle traffic in the tunnel and saving construction time. ②The wireless communication scheme adopted enables the stakeout system to be installed in any position, which reduces the impact on the traffic in the tunnel; at the same time, the staff can operate away from the dangerous area, which is safer. ③The stakeout accuracy is high. Since the total station is used as the main body of the system for measurement and rotation positioning, the angle measurement accuracy can reach 1 second or more. Based on this calculation, the stakeout accuracy of the section at 400 meters can reach about 1mm. ④The built-in laser does not affect the function of the electronic total station, so that the original equipment of the total station, a construction and surveying unit, can be used as usual. From this point of view, the cost of the laser stakeout system is very low; The range is rotated, and the stakeout is highly adaptable. ⑤ The system is suitable for complex drilling and blasting schemes, and the stakeout speed is fast. The drilling and blasting scheme of the tunnel section is pre-processed and stored on the indoor computer software, and the on-site construction is operated with a graphical interface, which is concise and fast, and saves construction time.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tunnel wireless laser stakeout device.

Fig. 2 is a software function flowchart of a tunnel wireless laser stakeout device.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail:

As shown in Figure 1, the system consists of a computer 1, a total station 2, a semiconductor laser 3 and wireless communicators 4 and 5. The computer 1 is equipped with control software, the computer 1 is connected with the wireless communicator 4 through the serial port 7, the total station 2 is connected with the wireless communicator 5 through the serial port 8, and the wireless communicators 4 and 5 are supporting two-way transmission communicators. The control signal of the computer 1 and the data signal of the total station 2 are decoded and transmitted through wireless communicators 4 and 5 . During the specific implementation, the computer adopts a portable or desktop computer with a serial port; the total station adopts a servo electronic total station, and the optional models include Topcon800 series, spectrum FOCUS10 series, Trimble5600 series, etc.; the wireless communicator adopts a serial port wireless Data transmission unit, available models include Intech portable port HPS-120, Jieyi wireless data transmission terminal and Lichuang LQ9200, etc.;

The semiconductor laser 3 is installed inside the ranging head 6 of the total station 2, the optical axis of the laser 3 is parallel to the measuring optical axis of the total station 2, and the installation position enables the laser beam to be projected from the original hole of the total station 2 or an additional hole out, the optical axis of the laser 3 is adjusted to be parallel to the measuring optical axis of the total station 2 . The semiconductor laser adopts red light (wavelength around 650nm) or green light laser (wavelength around 532nm), small divergence angle, and the volume is suitable for built-in total station. The power of the laser is selected according to the transparency of the air in the tunnel used. 20 ~50mw can generally meet the 500-meter projection requirements of the drilling and blasting excavation site. The optional models include GP461 laser target fixer, HqL04 laser laser sight, etc.

The laser stakeout system works under the control of computer 1, and its specific process is described as follows according to Figure 2, and its steps are:

(1) System initialization 9, namely turn on computer 1, wireless communicator 4 and 5, laser device 3 and total station 2, make it in working condition, then computer sends wireless response request 10 to total station 2, to determine wireless communication Whether the total station 4 and 5 and the total station 2 are working normally; the software judges whether the total station responds to 11 normally, and if the response is normal and the rotation operation is performed, then the next step can be entered; if the software does not receive a normal response, it enters an error Process 12, prompting to eliminate the abnormal working state of the wireless communicator or the total station;

(2) Observing the known backsight point (north, east and elevation data known) with the total station, the system automatically calculates its own position (north, east and elevation) and azimuth (north direction) system self-positioning 13; the specific operation is , input the three-dimensional coordinates of two known backsight points (north, east and elevation), rotate the total station to align with the two points in turn, measure their angles, and the software automatically calculates the position of the system itself, that is, the coordinates of the measuring optical center (north, east, and elevation). East and elevation), and get the north direction of the relative coordinate system, then automatically clear the azimuth data, turn to the north direction, and complete the self-positioning of the stakeout device.

(3) Input tunnel axis data 14 under the graphical interface, input section data and drilling and blasting scheme 15 (section blasthole design scheme); the specific operation is to input the starting point coordinates and type (including straight line) of the tunnel in the form of filling in the form and arc type), slope and length parameters, arc type tunnels also need to input circle center and radius parameters, and the form can input any number of tunnels; then draw the two-dimensional shape of the section in a graphical operation mode, and input the feature points and blast hole positions ( X, Y), and the relative coordinates X0, Y0 of the intersection of the tunnel axis and the excavation section;

(4) Measure the section distance and angle 16, measure the distance of the current excavation work section and the angle of the measuring point. Control the total station to rotate and point to the current excavation work section, cooperate with the prism to measure the distance and the angle of the measurement point; the software automatically calculates the feature points of the excavation section outline (arch point, vertex and edge) based on the 3D data of the tunnel axis that has been input positive and negative zero points of the wall, etc.) and the three-dimensional coordinates of the blast hole;

(5) Calculate the rotation angle 17 of the total station of the feature points of the contour line and the blast hole. According to the positioning data of the system itself, the software calculates the feature points of the excavation section outline and the horizontal H angle and vertical V angle of the total station rotation corresponding to the blast hole; Station instrument rotation request 18, judge whether the total station instrument rotates normally and answer 19, if the total station instrument does not respond normally, then enter error processing, prompt to eliminate hardware faults or change software settings, such as the time interval of stakeout, etc.; in wireless communication and When the total station is working normally, the laser beam can correctly indicate the contour points and blast hole positions that need to be located, and the excavation operator can mark and drill holes based on this, and then judge whether all points have been staked out21, if If there are still stakeout points to be processed, return to step 17 to calculate relevant data, otherwise enter into stakeout completion output graphic record 22 .

(6) Output graphics record 22 after the stakeout is complete, the software automatically outputs the stakeout result, and outputs the stakeout contour line and blast holes in graphic form, which can be printed and archived, and data file records can be provided.

The above describes the complete operation process of the stakeout device. When the tunnel excavation section is constantly advancing and the stakeout device itself does not move, steps 13, 14, and 15 can be skipped in operation to ensure that the stakeout device is working normally. Afterwards, the new excavation section 16 is directly measured, and a new round of stakeout operation is performed.

Claims (2)

1. a tunnel laser stakeout device, comprising computer (1), total station (2), semiconductor laser (3) and wireless communicator (4), is characterized in that, control software is housed in computer (1), computer (1) is connected with the wireless communicator (4) through the serial port (7), the total station (2) is connected with the wireless communicator (5) through the serial port (8), and the semiconductor laser (3) is installed in the total station The inside of the distance measuring rotating head (6) of instrument (2). 2. A tunnel laser stakeout device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the optical axis of the laser (3) is parallel to the measuring optical axis of the total station (2).

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