CN200958572Y - Power-saving double-lever speed reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double-lever labor-saving decelerator, for the objective of providing a decelerating device with simple structure, low production cost, great labor saving amount and no need of lubrication. The key points in the technical proposal are that two slight levers are used to substitute a plurality of heavy and clumsy gears; the ends of the lever are respectively sleeved on a transmission disc with the same structure and acting principle as each of the bicycle fly wheels on the low-speed shaft; and the rear ends are arranged into a plurality of short board vanes or semi-circle grooves that are respectively meshed or declutched from the transmission wheel on the high-speed shaft and the small bearing wheels on the two ends. As the left periphery and the right periphery at the two ends of the transmission shaft are blank, no small bearing is provided. The power driven transmission wheel promotes the double levers to make up and down as well as left and right oscillation in turn in the operation. A half of the course of the oscillating lever is pushed by the small bearing upward or forward. A half of the gyration course recovers by the gravity and the spring. In the oscillations in turn, the double levers drive the low-speed shaft to act continuously.

Description

The laborsaving speed reducer of double lever

Technical field the utility model relates to a kind of device that on-stream needs of machinery reduce rotating speed, more definite more particularly be a certain machine when acting according to the designed rotational speed of technological requirement when the rotating speed that should be lower than its power motor or internal-combustion engine and supporting a kind of speed reducer or title gearbox.

Background technique is well-known, the operation of a machine must be motor or internal-combustion engine drives by power, the medium that has only only a few to use in nature such as waterpower or wind-force promotes, because the rotating speed of motor and internal-combustion engine is too high, the technological requirement of the numerous machines of incompatibility when acting, this is the origin that speed reducer occurs.Have varied although the speed reducer that uses is gone up by current society, but its acting principle nearly all is identical, promptly by the on-stream drive high speed shaft of power, it is also rotation thereupon of driving gear that small gear is installed on the high speed shaft, the gearwheel that drives in rotation on the jack shaft intermeshing with it is driven gear or is called the follower rotation, drive a gearwheel rotation promptly being installed in lower velocity shaft on intermeshing by another small gear on the jack shaft again, realize the purpose of deceleration thus with it.Very other machine is few or a lot of because of slowing down, diaxon only is set is high speed shaft and lower velocity shaft or the speed reducer of totally four axles and in particular cases also have at this, each root axle all is that level is installed, arrange each parallel each other front and back, when needs change direction, installations that also can level combine with vertical arrangement, or claim axle and the installation that spool meets at right angles, which kind of yet no matter mounting type, all must rely on main by the transmission that is meshing with each other of two gears.The gear kind of using is according to the difference of each technological requirement and to make factor such as complexity can be cylindrical spur gear, cylindric spiral gear, and herringbone gear, cone gear and spiral gear etc. are multiple.

As everyone knows, speed reducer of the prior art inside all is that employing is gear-driven, and must be big with little band, slowed down otherwise just be far from being, gear transmission is modal a kind of kind of drive in the machinery, the only few transmitting movement of forming by two pitch wheels and the type of belt drive of power, two gear lines are invariant position toward each other, and respectively around himself rotational, be running in the other direction each other when outer gearing, promptly one of them is for turning left one for turning right, equidirectional running during interior engagement, two gears are meshing with each other and when working, can give follower (driven wheel) with the power and the transmission of movement of driving wheel.Since gear transmission have stable drive, accurately and velocity ratio reach characteristics such as transmission efficiency height greatly, so its application area is quite extensive.It is a kind of very widely that gear transmission is used for speed reducer, though it possesses above-mentioned various advantage, its deficiency is arranged also, mainly shows the following aspects.

At first be its complex structure and heaviness, one-time investment is big.It is fixed that its model of type of tradition four gears three double reductions is that the centre distance size with high speed shaft and lower velocity shaft with the millimeter is that unit comes.350 type speed reducers for example, promptly the centre distance of high speed shaft in this machine and lower velocity shaft is 350 millimeters.Each speed reducer is combined by casing (casting forms), gear, axle and Component such as bearing support and bearing, and the gear oil of certain weight of must annotating is as oiling agent and guarantee oil-proof, model is 1000 medium-sized speed reducer, its weight is about 1 ton, and price is surplus in the of 10,000 yuan.Particularly as shown in Figure 8 when adopting spiral gear to be the worm and worm gear engagement driving, in power transmission, in order to raise the efficiency, reduce friction and prolong its working life, must adopt and make than the bronze of your manyfold of common iron price, cost height not only, and difficulty of processing is big, its reason is in worm drive, the tooth of worm gear is circular arc and surrounds worm screw, so the hobboing cutter of cutting worm gear must have duplicate modulus with the work worm screw, pressure angle, standard pitch diameter, number, rotation direction and lead angle, therefore the specificity of hobboing cutter is extremely strong, so only be that identical worm gear of modulus and worm screw cannot exchange engagement.In Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, be a kind of in all gears, its preparation process requires with the brief introduction of engagement driving principle as follows: as its name suggests, gear is exactly a wheel edge week arranging several teeth, these teeth must do standard and require wear-resisting completely, the size of tooth is foundation with the modulus, and every size formula is: outside diameter d 1=modulus * (number of teeth+2); Pitch diameter d=modulus * number of teeth; Root footpath df=pitch diameter-2.5 * modulus; The high oh=modulus of tooth item; Dedendum of the tooth hf=1.25 * modulus; Whole depth h=2.25 * modulus; Lonely transverse tooth thickness S=1.5708 * modulus; Two gear engagement centre distance A=(gearwheel pitch diameter d2+ small gear pitch diameter d1) ÷ 2.

Next is a big energy-consuming.As everyone knows, main differed many more energy-conservation more by intermeshing its size of two gears, this with claim with the hand scale the past arm beam of steelyard tail end of its slight sliding weight of steelyard of thing move one times to be claimed that apart from it thing also must correspondingly increase the weight of one times of reason the same, reason is the power of having used laborsaving lever.Be not difficult to find that if remove to rotate the output shaft (lower velocity shaft) of a speed reducer with manpower much more difficult more than its input shaft of twisting (high speed shaft), what promptly anti-road was capable is the effort lever.But owing to be subjected to the restriction of its cost and volume, in practical operation, driven gear can not be done very big, be subjected to the constraint of intensity also can not do driving gear too little simultaneously, if change four gears of a speed reducer into two and speed ratio is constant, according to what of speed ratio, its volume latter is the former several times to tens times, is impracticable a kind of technological scheme therefore.

Be to use life-span weak point and noise big once more.Because the intensity of gear tooth very finite sum is wiped for hard grind in transmission, operation interrupted tooth phenomenon often has generation, it is on-stream wear-resisting like that it can not show a candle to bearing, and with to a certain degree noise, particularly on-stream to throw off noise again suddenly bigger for engagement suddenly for cylindrical spur gear, helical teeth and herringbone tooth in engagement driving for by so contact with by right throw off noise less but manufacture cost is relative will height.

Also have just because of friction ractor more unavoidably has the heating phenomenon,, don't fail in gearbox, annotate gear oil, and will regularly annotate or change, the origin of individual fuel reserve tank must be arranged thus as oiling agent in order to reduce wear extent.

In addition, owing to must in gearbox, add lubricant oil, therefore every installation that subtracts the machine of going back is only limited to its bottom following, can't realize angle mount, upright dress and upside-down mounting, when needing to change direction in mechanical transmission, both the inconvenience difficulty was bigger with regard to having to adopt Bevel Gear Drive to be used for the crossing mechanism of diaxon for only way.

Summary of the invention the utility model is for remedying the above deficiency, aim to provide a kind of simple in structure, cheap, the running in the more laborsaving, and do not have noise arranged, need not oiling, never heating and long-lived a kind of speed reducer, be achieved by the following technical solutions.

At its lower velocity shaft of speed reducer is that two structures and the on all four drive plate of size are installed on the output shaft, its structure and acting principle are just like the flywheel on the bicycle, just bicycle freewheel inequality be by the chain driven rotary, and the interior cover of this drive plate and lower velocity shaft are directly or by high speed shaft to be its rotation of drive in swinging back and forth in turn under driving indirectly by two levers at power.The mutual cover in top or preceding half bar somewhere or centre with the bar bar in outer being enclosed within of drive plate is combined into drive fit, according to technological requirement be speed ratio what, the every swing of double joint lever tail end once drives lower velocity shaft and rotates some/week, it is paperback or side (the high, low speed axle is vertical) dress that its swaying direction is decided on the speed reducer installation position, be swing up and down when level is installed, the side formula swings back and forth about when installing being.When minimum (descending) position that lever is installed in the horizontal lower velocity shaft or the highest (on) position time is the front and back horizontal hunting, the level that is generally except that special circumstances is installed, be installed as example with level, lever drives lower velocity shaft and rotates in rising, lever does not do work for idle running when the decline return, in rotation, drive flywheel and move ahead the same just like bicycle chain by flywheel drive wheel, do not do work for idle running when chain does not rotate or reverses, stall simultaneously and counter-rotating can not hinder wheel to continue to move ahead under action of inertia.The interior at one time decline of rising of double joint or single lever tail end, rising descends when closing on top dead center starts to walk, and descending rises when closing on lower dead center begins, thereby impels lower velocity shaft ceaselessly to rotate and do work.

Each speed reducer all has speed ratio, and speed ratio is the ratio of the revolution number of lower velocity shaft and high speed shaft, and lower velocity shaft whenever circles, and high speed shaft should change some weeks, and in the same time that lower velocity shaft whenever circles, what of speed ratio how many high speed shaft commentaries on classics just equal week.What of speed ratio how many utility model impel lower velocity shaft to circle just to equal for what its double lever swung back and forth number of times, the every fortune of high speed shaft circles and drives two levers and swing back and forth once, cancelled jack shaft thus, same oscillating quantity or say the lifting distance, its speed ratio big lever more is then long more, and is therefore also just laborsaving more.The tradition speed reducer is that ways of deceleration of the prior art mostly is to adopt three double reduction methods of four gears, be that gearwheel engagement on a small gear and the jack shaft is installed on the high speed shaft, a gearwheel engagement on the jack shaft on another small gear and the lower velocity shaft, suppose that two the same two gearwheels of small gear size are measure-alike, so driving gear of each grade deceleration (little) and the big each other square root that just equals speed ratio divided by the difference of little gained size of driven gear (greatly).For example speed ratio 20, and gearwheel is 4.472 times of small gear $(\sqrt{20}=4.472),$ Double reduction ratio=4.472 * 2=8.944 doubly.When using the lever transmission instead, situation is just different, and it equals the one-level deceleration and substitutes double reduction, and promptly the small gear Φ on the high speed shaft has only lever Φ's

The lever here substitutes and equals the effect of a gearwheel, gearwheel Φ is 20 times of small gear Φ, only manage its lever length and only but reduced tens of times for its weight of the R of gearwheel (radius) size, hence one can see that, the former (conventional practice) and latter's (the utility model) is under the condition of same speed ratio, the ratio of gearwheel and small gear is respectively 8.944 and 20, asks how much energy-conservation=1-(the former ratio 8.944 ÷ latter's ratios are speed ratio 20)=1-0.4472=0.5528.Calculate by this formula, speed ratio 12, energy-conservation is 0.4227; Speed ratio 22, energy-conservation is 0.5736; Speed ratio 32, energy-conservation is 0.6464; Speed ratio 42, energy-conservation is 0.6914; Speed is through 52, and energy-conservation is 0.7227; Speed ratio 62, energy-conservation is 0.746 ...Be that speed ratio is big more, corresponding energy-conservation many more.

Simple and easy to do owing to adopt lever to replace gear transmission need only add suitably that long lever just can correspondingly add large speed ratio, the main shaft that its high speed shaft of speed reducer can be used shaft joint and motor or internal-combustion engine thus directly is connected as a single entity, thereby not only save two belt pulleys and several belt, and skid and become one-level because of eliminating and slow down more energy-conservation by three grades of decelerations.

The tradition speed reducer uses three of four gears many as the double reduction big energy-consuming, why not it is changed into two gear diaxons and is one-level is slowed down and laborsaving the more? its reason is that volume is too big and cost is too high, promptly strains at a gnat and swallow a camel and uneconomical.For example speed ratio 48, and module is little as can not to be 4 forr a short time, establishes the small gear number of teeth 15, pitch diameter=15 * 4=60 (millimeter), and the gearwheel number of teeth=15 * 48=720, gearwheel joint Φ=720 * 4=2880 (millimeter),

Joint Φ=104 * 4=416, then one-level deceleration gearwheel Φ is 6.923 times more than (the 2888 ÷ 416=6.923) of double reduction gearwheel Φ, whenever doubling according to the Φ of circle, its plane is long-pending to be four times of original reckonings, be the gearwheel plane long-pending be original nearly 49 times more than, add the corresponding increase of thickness, even its midplane is set to certain room, its weight at least also has original tens of times more than, the also corresponding increase of volume of its speed reducer is a huge monster because weight heightens, thereby become a technological scheme that can not realize, unless speed ratio can considered below 10.Situation has just been made a world of difference when changing the transmission of lever replacement gearwheel into, only be two than gear volume little much its weight also light a lot of drive plate be installed on the lower velocity shaft its outer rim respectively with two lever top fits, last number gearwheel Φ 2880, its lever length also has only 1440, can select rectangular hollow tubular or I-steel intensity for use for weight reduction does not subtract, the weight of two drive plates and double joint lever can be one of the percentage of a gearwheel that slows down less than former one-level thus, adding need not box sealing and filling lubricant oil, and the gross weight of a speed reducer is also less than 1/4th of former double reduction.Because its consumption is seldom, for use stainless steel material created one very advantage a feasibility factor promptly is provided.

What must must illustrate is, the length dimension of above-mentioned lever equals the radius of gearwheel in the one-level deceleration, to be linked in the polygonal space on lever top be drive fit to drive plate polygonal outer rim on the lower velocity shaft thus, if lever is extended, can only extend and surmount the first section of lower velocity shaft, the longest can equating with gearwheel Φ, be length be the lengthening before double, though the drive plate position nothing that is installed in like this on the lower velocity shaft changes, but no longer be the top of lever but front end or centre, as long as the distance of lower velocity shaft and high speed shaft is kept intact, suitably add long lever and can not influence energy-saving effect, reason is that lever is that two ends, boundary length is the same with the lower velocity shaft, be equal in weight, in swing, understand more balance, reduced drive wheel resistance at the volley theoretically, but the swing of lever has and must have back, since going (up) laborsaving is that resistance reduces, returning (down) will lose gravity because of balance, complete pulling force by spring, therefore the necessary corresponding increasing of pulling force comparatively speaking, the power one little one of double joint lever is cancelled out each other greatly and is equalled zero.Long lever must increase material and the increase volume is that the sharp genus in fact of harmful nothing is unnecessary and add, and can only be can consider under special circumstances.

For alleviating the wearing and tearing in the running and stopping to use lubricant oil and simplify the structure, small gear tooth on the high speed shaft is all removed with several little bearings for it, simultaneously the lever tail end is arranged to plate leaf with little bearing equivalent amount, perhaps make half of round recessed replacing plate leaf with the same lonely degree of little bearing outer rim, small gear no longer is gear and renames as drive wheel like this, because two levers are for swinging work done in turn, promptly interior at one time different according to the installation position of speed reducer and lever, wherein decline of rising, or past the first from left root is turned right, perhaps being one steps back to last, therefore on the contour of the whole outer rim of drive wheel, should half little bearing promptly be installed for the room, if in rotation, drive two levers with a drive wheel, two groups of little bearings must be installed on respectively its two ends and symmetrically about stagger.I.e. one group of left side that is installed on the drive wheel axis, another group are installed on the right, plate leaf and the little bearing certain size that in fit pastes mutually, superposes each other, and this is meshing with each other with two gears, and must to superpose be the same acting principle.For steady, preferably select for use single-row roller bearing or biserial to the bulbus cordis roller bearing at the medium and small shaft strength of rotation.Swing up and down with lever and to be example, promote by the little bearing of installing on the drive wheel during rising, under self gravitation, reset during decline, in order in time to reset fast, can install not too big spring of pulling force or elastic ribbon additional at the lever tail end, wherein an end ties up to or is hooked on the lever odd amount in addition to the round number, the other end ties up to or is hooked on its next fixing frame, when lever transom piece leaf arrives top dead center in rising and little bearing become hanging shape after throwing off fully, under the pulling force of gravity own and spring or elastic ribbon, descend immediately and reset, wait the wherein arrival of 1/2nd little bearings of installing on transmission wheel rim week, finish the one action circulation.Because the fit of bearing and plate leaf operates as buffing and wipes, when using the radial bearing of dual face seals, necessity of the lubricant oil of just not annotating also can't add simultaneously, can only be at most to wipe a little oil just can turn round for a long time on the plate leaf.

Be installed in the driving gear on the speed reducer high speed shaft, because high speed shaft is that power is promptly motor-operated, as long as the normal not fluctuation of power supply, the rotational speed of its gear is very balanced on whole contour, the driven gear that is driven by driving gear is that the follower situation is just different, because each tooth is engaged in the whole process of throwing off fully initial, between the first half for from slow to fast, serve as reasons between the second half near slowly, module is big more, it is many more that speed differs, its reason is initial engagement and close at last that the engagement place superposes seldom each other when throwing off, and the stack of centre distance place at most, thereby follower------carries out in rotation slowly soon slowly---soon repeatedly, the number of times that repeats equates with the number of teeth, but it is because short from being engaged to when throwing off compole at every turn, only is that part was to 1/tens seconds according to rotating speed with the different of the number of teeth, with the naked eye do not recognize, can not become problem in the ordinary course of things yet, as long as change slightly again and just can realize balanced fully rotating speed: with the top of little Bearing Installation at the cylinder bar, the cylinder bar is inserted in and is sliding fit in each root pipe (conduit) in transmission wheel rim week, the cylinder bar is surrounded by spring, preceding wooden fork like motorcycle is arranged, the lever tail end is arranged to corresponding with little bearing one by one one side of something circle chase, as long as each size is accurate, turn round medium and small bearing from initial to the end all can with one side of something circle chase no gap of fitting fully, just can realize the purpose of follower balanced running, and it is more steady, sounding is littler, its reason is that little bearing is in whole fit process, its cylinder bar is shortened and by short elongated resetting by long under the effect of spring, thereby impel at the whole fit process width that superposes each other constant, fast but all line lengths of linear speed when little bearing rises (elongated), slow but the contour of linear speed is lacked when little bearing descends (shortenings), has possessed a feasibility condition for guaranteeing balanced running.In addition,, also can suitably reduce little Bearing Installation number, as installing two on the drive wheel very little under three too many again situations, just as long as suitably the flexible size of lengthening just can only be installed two and finished very lucky because little bearing has stretchability.

In order to reduce drive wheel the number of little bearing and the accurate Calculation of being more convenient for are installed, and two sectional area of drive wheel is slightly strengthened, need only be with a certain side of a Bearing Installation in its end face, and the belt pulley on the high speed shaft is moved on to the middle of high speed shaft, two supporting bearings of high speed shafts and bearing support be installed on respectively belt pulley about two sides, so just the lever tail end can be shelved on the bearing in the drive wheel outside, since with a bearing that the lever tail end pastes mutually be according to lever swing walk journey and location and installation at a side of drive wheel end face and non-central, drive wheel whenever rotate a circle will inevitably impel the lever tail end up and down or about or front and back swing back and forth once, if go is to be promoted by bearing, return the pulling force that just relies on spring so, it perhaps is situation conversely, need only stagger drive wheel position of bearings that install at two ends mutually 180 °, promptly one at the first from left on the right side, fit separately with two lever tail ends respectively in the running, not only will reaching as previously mentioned, the double joint lever successively takes turns to swing and do work, and owing to the pulling force of spring makes the lever tail end can not stop collision with the bearing disengagement in the overall process that swings back and forth, eliminated the sound that sends because of collision thus, can not give the on-stream resistance that causes of drive wheel even spring tension is excessive yet, reason is that drive wheel bearing mounting point, two ends is to stagger mutually, to swing up and down is example, one end pulling force because of spring when lift lever imposes on a kind of resistance to drive wheel, the other end at one time with the bar bar down during return the pulling force because of spring impose on a kind of power Driving force to drive wheel, resistance and thrust drop on is cancelled out each other on the same high speed shaft and is not had by having to become.

Perhaps the lever tail end is arranged to a rectangular wooden fork groove, it respectively is linked in the bearing both sides for groove up and down, radius size * 2 that the length of wooden fork groove equals Bearing Installation more slightly leeway get final product, spring and lower dead center locating stop piece and rubber seal have been saved thus and easier, same multiple no matter lever has, drive wheel band connecting shaft hold in rotation its lever to gravity that drive wheel applied wherein half for resistance half the two equates fully promptly to be cancelled by having to become and does not have for thrust.If the double joint lever be about or during swing the weight of its lever more do not have what influence, its reason is that all wt of lever drops on the lower velocity shaft entirely.Simultaneously its drive wheel is no matter be left-handed or dextrorotation all can drive lever equally and swings back and forth.Further oversimplify for making structure, slow and not necessarily want under the specific condition of balanced rotating speed at rotating speed, single lever can only be installed, 1/2nd walk journey drive machine turns in swing, in addition 1/2nd are stall, because the time compole that stops each time is short, if be that 1440 electric machine main shaft is connected as a single entity with high speed shaft and rotating speed, be direct drive, each waiting time only is=60 ÷ 1440 ÷ 2 ≈ 0.0208 (second); If with itself and rotating speed is that 2000 diesel engine main shaft is connected, each waiting time is then shorter=60 ÷, 2000 ÷ 2=0.015 (second).Therefore also be a kind of feasible technological scheme.

In sum, the utility model beneficial effect is summarized as follows:

A, the more energy-conservation.From speed ratio 12 to speed ratio 62, amount of energy saving is 0.4227-0.746.Though lift lever (when level is installed and adopted first technological scheme) must consume certain energy, its consumption is to disregard very little then can the ignorance.For example: lift lever energy consumption=every speed reducer double joint lever heavily be 5 kilograms of ÷ 2 (÷ 2 be because lever front end support) ÷ 75 (÷ 75 is 1 horsepower and equals within 1 second 75 kilograms of weights to be promoted 1 meter institute's work) ÷ 1.36 (a kilowatt=1.36 horsepowers) * 2 (promoting 2 meters calculating)=0.049 with per second by lower velocity shaft (kilowatt).If lever is installed on highest order or lowest order or when swinging, let alone because of the many consumed energies of weight of lever.In case of necessity with the speed reducer high speed shaft directly and the power engine rotating shaft interconnect, its energy-saving effect will be better.

B, easy to manufacture.Use two simple and very light levers to replace three gears at least, small gear of two gearwheels wherein, and gear is the most costly Component in the former speed reducer, accounts for more than 0.7; Change three axles into two axles, not only saved an axle and Component such as bearing support that this is installed and bearing, and because energy-conservation more high speed shaft Φ can being reduced; Owing to need not add lubricant oil casing needn't be set, need only do a bearing support just; The front end of lever be hexagonal shaped or from all directions the shape inner chamber be linked in the outer rim of drive plate, its tail end is only installed (welding) two to three short slab leaves or is arranged to two to three and half ofly justifies chases or make a rectangular wooden fork groove and structure is very simple; Only its structure of two drive plates and one or two drive wheel is omited complexity a bit, but can not show a candle to the difficulty of four gears; Because the weight of an equal torsion speed reducer is less than 1/4th of tradition (prior art) speed reducer, thereby its cost reduces greatly.

C, need not refuel.The drive plate structure is the same with bicycle freewheel with the acting principle, thereby as long as drench (wiping) but little by little just long-term operation of lubricant oil in the middle of dish, the some months last time does not have problem, and is very little with oil mass, do not need the fuel reserve tank trapped fuel, simultaneously exhausted acomia thermal phenomenon because there not being friction; Drive wheel and lever tail end fit operate as the buffing of bearing and plate leaf and wipe, and promptly bearing is shifted in rotation, and be elected during with oiled stuffing box bearing, and only many just a little oil of wiping ten days first quarter moons or more of a specified duration that just can turn round on the plate leaf are not wiped harmless yet.

D, nothing have noise.Bicycle is can not send sound when driving flywheel and wheel and move ahead by chain operation, only hears very slight sound at chain stall or counter-rotating and the wheel Shi Caihui that continues to move ahead.As its name suggests, the rotating speed of speed reducer lower velocity shaft is very low, generally changes below (per minute) 50, and a tooth is once only stirred in the every swing of single lever, thereby distance far just is difficult to hear its faint sound that sends for three, five meters; The cover of drive wheel and plate leaf is combined into by so conforming to by right throws off, and hard grind does not take place wipes, thereby its sound also is very little, approximately less than gear-driven 1/5th, and noise far from.

E, durable in use.It does not resemble the normal tooth phenomenon of beating the meshed transmission gear, and gear is the main Component in the speed reducer, may wear to a certain degree and just scraps, and substitutes several gears by two levers, and almost not having has wearing and tearing; Little bearing on the drive wheel is then replaceable, and low price is changed fast, is not a problem; Need not oiling and do not have the casing oil leakage phenomenon, because it does not just have the trapped fuel case at all; Lower velocity shaft torsion is big, can be on axle mantle fiber and in the tapping of drive plate internal diameter, the two can stop to roll the generation of key phenomenon with the screw thread fit, thereby maintenance expenses is few, corresponding operating cost greatly reduces.

Except that the above, owing to choose suitable speed ratio can with the high speed shaft of speed reducer directly and pto interconnect and save two belt pulleys and several belt; Can not realize paperback, upright dress or angle mount owing to there is the trapped fuel case according to technological requirement; Since in light weight be convenient to remote sell and install easier; Can realize advantages such as the complete equilibrium of rotating speed in case of necessity.

Description of drawings Fig. 1 is that the invention prototype is the engagement driving schematic representation of cylindrical spur gear of the prior art;

Fig. 2 is small one and large one two cylindric spiral gears transmission schematic representation that are meshing with each other;

Fig. 3 is a cone gear engagement driving schematic representation;

Fig. 4 is its structure of cylindrical spur gear and shape figure;

Fig. 5 is small one and large one two cylindrical spur gears transmission plan-position explanatory drawings that are meshing with each other;

Fig. 6 is three double reductions of four gears and is the speed reducer sectional view of right angle intersection installation with the worm and worm gear engagement driving with axle and axle;

Fig. 7 be the laborsaving speed reducer of double lever of the present utility model except that frame its structure with the acting principle plan view;

Fig. 8 be for high speed shaft on little bearing on the drive wheel installed its structure form plan view of plate leaf that transmission installs at the lever tail end that is meshing with each other;

Fig. 9 is mounted in its outer rim and its structure of drive plate of lever top fit and the floor map of acting principle on the lower velocity shaft;

Figure 10 is one of them overcoat sectional views of two critical pieces of drive plate;

Figure 11 is one of them the stereograms of its structure of interior cover and acting principle signal of two critical pieces of drive plate;

Figure 12 is its structure of drive plate cover plate and shape stereogram;

Figure 13 is high speed shaft and the bearing that supports its installation and bearing support and belt pulley and drive wheel and each erection drawing with regard to it of little bearing of being installed on this same axle;

Figure 14 be with double joint lever tail end do rectangularity wooden fork groove and with drive wheel on little bearing fit transmission schematic representation.

Embodiment is below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and exemplify embodiment and do further explanation.

With reference to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.The top of double joint lever 1 is linked in the outer rim (side of a drive plate only is shown among the figure) of each drive plate 2 respectively, do not cause the axially displaced positioning screwn 3 that is equipped with to be used for fastening above that for on-stream because of loosening, the interior cover of drive plate 2 is installed in and is drive fit on the lower velocity shaft 13, do at the tail end of lever 1 and to press arrow 26 directions under the drive that swings back and forth up and down and lower velocity shaft 13 together rotates, the swing of double joint lever relies on the power engine (not shown) to drive high speed shaft 5, because drive wheel 7 is installed on high speed shaft 5, the two ends of drive wheel (end only is shown among the figure) is separately installed with little bearing 6, every group of little bearing totally 3 be installed on and account for 1/2nd girth (can slightly more point) transmission wheel rim week, second half nearly 1/2nd girths are space bit, rotate along arrow 8 directions in the running, in rotation its little bearing 6 totally three mesh each other and disengagement in turn successively with one side of something circle chase 4 of lever tail end, driving lever 1 in engagement up swings, again because half does not promptly have little bearing for the room on the outer rim contour of drive wheel 7, the every fortune of the drive wheel drive lever tail end that circles swings up and down one back and forth thus.Because each three little bearing installing of drive wheel 7 two ends lay respectively at the left side and the right of axis, and take turns to mesh and throw off with the half of circle of each lever tail end chase 4 respectively, thereby the on-stream double joint lever that impels takes turns successively to swing up and down and do work, promptly interior at one time one up one down, up rely on the thrust of the little bearing 6 on the drive wheel 7, down rely on self gravity to add upper and lower end and hang over the pulling force that frame is led the little spring 9 on a tree, used in making timber for boats 10, for prevent the double joint lever in decline, reach under when putting and frame locating stop piece 11 collide and produce noise, on catch 11, be lined with rubber seal 12.Lever transom piece leaf 14 among Fig. 8 equates that with half of circle chase 4 effects just structure is different.

With reference to Fig. 9,10,11 and 12, the whole circumference of its overcoat 15 inner edges of drive plate is provided with a plurality of teeth 17, in the running about wherein relative each tooth respectively with boss 22 outer rims of interior cover 16 about each very heavy card 19 be meshing with each other, because cover 16 is installed in that (not shown) is a drive fit on the lower velocity shaft in it, thus its outer be enclosed within lever up and down about or drive in the swing in cover and lower velocity shaft rotation; Again because the elastic force that engagement is the little steel wire 20 of dependence is pasted mutually with the tooth 17 of overcoat inner edge in the top of very heavy card 19, when overcoat follow the lever return when promptly reversing the back side, very heavy card 19 top under the control of overcoat tooth 17 hypotenuses toward interior gathering, thus little steel wire is compressed, overcoat 15 in counter-rotating in it very heavy card 19 on cover 16 whenever to surmount a tooth just flexible once, the back side of very heavy card 19 impinges upon on the tooth root hypotenuse of overcoat inner edge tooth 17 during each rising (stretching, extension), sends slight crash crash sound therefrom.Overcoat 15 can successfully reverse because lay a plurality of little balls 18 that are arranged in a circle in the raceway 27 on its two sides, left and right sides, in it cover 16 wherein chassis 23 corresponding positions of one side to paste mutually with ball be the buffing wiping, ball in the another side raceway pastes mutually with cover plate 24 inner edges, for ease of dismounting, the cover plate outside is drilled with circular pit 28, the internal diameter of its cover plate 24 has internal thread 25, cover outer rim is with screw thread 21 in it, the internal and external threads fit screws and holds together, when its overcoat 15 of one of them drive plate was followed wherein a lever counter-rotating, cover 16 still can be followed lower velocity shaft and on and on rotated under the drive of another drive plate and do work in it.

With reference to Figure 13 and Figure 14, be installed in the centre of high speed shaft 5 by the belt pulley 31 of power engine (not shown) drive, bearing and bearing support 30 respectively are installed about near pulley 31 are used for supporting and fixing high speed shaft, its bearing and bearing support are installed in (not shown) on the frame, the two ends of high speed shaft 5 respectively are equipped with drive wheel 32, the a certain side of each drive wheel 32 be equipped with little bearing 33 each one respectively with wooden fork groove 29 fits of two lever 1 tail ends, the medium and small bearing that turns round slides before and after in the wooden fork groove, because outside one side that two little bearings 33 are installed in high speed shaft 5 two ends drive wheels 32 respectively is non-central and on axis the position stagger mutually promptly one at the first from left on the right side, drive lower velocity shaft 13 thereby the interior at one time priority of on-stream drive double joint lever swings back and forth in turn and ceaselessly rotate its principle and shown in Figure 7 just the same of doing work.

Satisfying under the condition of technological requirement, drive wheel is being reduced as far as possible, can be implemented under the constant and energy-conservation condition that does not subtract of speed ratio and shorten the length of lever, thereby help reducing cost.

Embodiment 1: establishing drive wheel 7 pitch diameters is 80, speed ratio 12, ask long (the distance of lever from the lower velocity shaft center to drive wheel standard pitch circle contour, do not comprise length that surpasses the lower velocity shaft center and the stack size that meshes with drive wheel, down together)=(dimensional units is a millimeter to 80 * 12 ÷ 2=480, down with), single lever tail end is swung away journey=480 * 2 * 0.2588 ÷ 2=124.22 millimeter (0.2588 wait submeter gained for looking into speed ratio 12, down together).

Embodiment 2: drive wheel pitch diameter 80, speed ratio 20, lever length=80 * 20 ÷ 2=800, single lever tail end journey=800 * 2 * 0.1564 ÷ 2=125.4. that swings back and forth away

Embodiment 4, certain brick field motor speed 1440 (per minute), and motor belt wheel Φ 180, speed reducer high speed shaft belt wheel Φ 200, speed reducer are three double reductions of four gears, speed ratio 27 is asked speed reducer lower velocity shaft rotating speed=1440 ÷ (200 ÷ 180) ÷ 27 ≈ 48; Now change the lever force-saving speed reducer into, and the speed reducer high speed shaft directly is connected with motor output shaft, establish drive wheel Φ 80, ask other parameters: speed ratio=1440 ÷ 48=30; Long=80 * 30 ÷ 2=1200 of lever; Single lever tail end journey=1200 * 2 * 0.1045 ÷ 2=125.4 that swings back and forth away.

Embodiment 5, certain speed reducer lower velocity shaft rotating speed is 36, motor speed is 1440, lever long 1200, use the simple lever transmission, it is direct-connected to subtract motivation high speed shaft and machine shaft, asks drive wheel end face Bearing Installation center of radius distance: at first obtain speed ratio=1440 ÷ 36=44, ask the lever tail end to swing away journey=1200 * 2 * 0.0785=188.4 again, the Bearing Installation center of radius is apart from=188.4 ÷ 2=94.2.

Claims (7)

1. laborsaving speed reducer of double lever; it is characterized in that: drive plate (2) is installed on the lower velocity shaft (13); the overcoat of drive plate (15) is in interior top or preceding half bar somewhere or the centre that is linked in lever (1); its tail end of lever (1) do up and down under the direct or indirect drive of power engine about or front and back swing back and forth, drive in swing that interior cover (16) in the drive plate (2) connects and lower velocity shaft (13) does not stop or partly rotate with stopping by single or double joint lever.

2. the laborsaving speed reducer of a kind of double lever according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: drive wheel (32) is installed on the high speed shaft (5), the non-central little bearing (33) that is equipped with of each lateral location of end face of drive wheel (32), little bearing (33) is at poor (29) fit of tail end power interior and lever (1).

3. the laborsaving speed reducer of a kind of double lever according to claim 1, the outer rim that it is characterized in that drive wheel (7) is only lacked in 1/2nd girths several little bearings (6) is installed, and successively constantly repeatedly is meshing with each other with the several piece plate leaf (14) of lever (1) tail end or half of circle chase (4) in turn in the running and throws off.

4. the laborsaving speed reducer of a kind of double lever according to claim 1, it is characterized in that double joint lever (1) drives down in the running of each drive wheel (7) on high speed shaft (5) respectively, at one time in up and down or about or front and back swing back and forth in turn promptly one and go one to return in the other direction each other for moving.

5. the laborsaving speed reducer of a kind of double lever according to claim 1 is characterized by high speed shaft (5) output shaft direct and power and links into an integrated entity.

6. the laborsaving speed reducer of a kind of double lever according to claim 1, it is characterized by drive plate (2) is made up of with ball (18) interior cover (16) and overcoat (15) and cover plate (24), in cover very heavy card (19) is installed on (16) is meshing with each other with overcoat inner chamber edge week tooth (17) and is equidirectional running, be idle running for its overcoat (15) that turns round in the other direction during disengagement.

7. the laborsaving speed reducer of a kind of double lever according to claim 1 is characterized by little Bearing Installation on the drive wheel on cylinder bar top that can lifting, and the cylinder bar is inserted in the conduit for its following section, adds spring and fixes.

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