CN1981416A - Energy supply method and system - Google Patents
Energy supply method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1981416A CN1981416A CNA2005800226276A CN200580022627A CN1981416A CN 1981416 A CN1981416 A CN 1981416A CN A2005800226276 A CNA2005800226276 A CN A2005800226276A CN 200580022627 A CN200580022627 A CN 200580022627A CN 1981416 A CN1981416 A CN 1981416A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
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Abstract
Any sensible heat of waste gas from power generation facility, combustion equipment or transport equipment (21) within a virtual area (energy demand and supply grid) having multiple energy consumption equipments (23) installed therein is recovered as H2 or CO+H2 through reforming of DME (dimethyl ether). The obtained H2 or CO+H2 is supplied as a fuel for the multiple energy consumption equipments (23) or chemical raw material within the energy demand and supply grid or another energy demand and supply grid. By virtue of the establishing of social energy cycle using DME, waste heat from, for example, plantsand power stations can be effectively utilized as the energy for society at large, for example, consumers, transportation, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the energy supply method and the system of energize in the imaginary area that is provided with a plurality of energy dissipation device (hereinafter referred to as energy supply and demand net).
Background technology
In Japan, to compare with the increase of energy consumption with industry, civilian, transportation increases with the energy consumption of energy consumption.In one of its reason, exist the systematicness of using energy source different.For example, under factory's this target, strive for each key element such as generation (buying), circulation, consumption of the energy and the optimization of described all using energy source in economic pursuit.With respect to this, at civilian, transport field, utilize the energy, and convenience becomes override under a lot of situation, is difficult to carry out the unified management of the energy, the excess and deficiency of intercommunication demand with the purpose of diversified sectionalization.
The efficiency of energy utilization of Japan was compared about reduction by 3% in 1998 as shown in Figure 1 with 1975.Think that its reason is that generating, transportation and domestic energy consumption ratio increase, follow the energy loss that consumes the energy conversion that increases etc. to increase.The industry purposes that reduces except the ratio of energy loss, shared generating, transportation and civilian overall ratio increases to 73% (1998) from 53% (1975) in whole energy loss, importantly construct can with industry with and generating usefulness do not utilize the energy effectively as the structure of the energy of civilian, transportation usefulness.
In factory etc., adopted the method for recycling the burning used heat of generating equipment, heating furnace as illustrated in fig. 2 by sensible heats such as burning preheated air, steam or hot water widely in the past, obtain very big energy-saving effect.In Fig. 1, exactly because the ratio of the energy loss in the industry is than this reason of other minimizings.Thinking needs to form the energy circulation of the structure (intercommunication) identical with it as entire society.Particularly, form the flow process of not utilizing the discarded object energy in used heat, civilian, the transportation in intercommunication factory, the power plant, and improve the usage rate of regenerative resource such as biomass.
Problem points as the energy circulation time that forms society, for example running round the clock under a lot of situations of factory, though the sensible heat that reclaims can effectively utilize in factory with comparalive ease, in the civil time, the unbalanced problem of quantity delivered and demand is remarkable with this system applies.Because the situation that sensible heat can not effectively utilize even take place to reclaim in as described below unbalanced.
(1) geographical unbalanced: as to supply with ground and separate with demand ground.Sensible heat is because heat radiation in carrying the way, and energy resource density is little, thereby needs very large infrastructure when carrying a large amount of energy, has economy problems.
(2) time is unbalanced: the time fluctuation of Supply and Demand is inconsistent.For example, consume a lot of electric power because of the use of air-conditioning etc. the daytime in summer, and the utilization of sensible heats such as hot water concentrates on morning and evening, summer demand few.In order to make this unbalanced steadily, also expect storing sensible heat and make its average method, but the storage capacity of the units of heat correspondence of sensible heat is bigger than fuel etc., has economy problems.
(3) quality is unbalanced: for example the quality of the energy of sensible heat is low, is very difficult as the power source that transports.
In order to address these problems, consider the method for utilizing of various sensible heats always.But it is low that the sensible heat energy has energy quality, and the limited essential problem of purposes can not be dealt with problems, and thinks there is boundary in sensible heat as the circulatory mediator of energy.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is to provide energy supply method and the system that uses the new energy circulation medium beyond the sensible heat and can form the energy circulation of society.
Method as in the past supply capability, known private generating equipment with network-like connection middle and small scale power plant, residential area and university, wind power plant are arranged, with the rubbish wastes-to-power generation equipment that generates electricity etc. that acts as a fuel, from the method (opening the 2002-171666 communique) of a plurality of generating equipments power supplies with reference to the spy.
The consumption change of the electric power in the net, for example the change of the time period between round the clock absorbs by electric power storing devices such as secondary cells, but because the electric power storing device costs an arm and a leg, thereby the supply capability that depends on other nets or come existing Utilities Electric Co. of when power shortage, having to.When electric power not enough took place in net, the generating equipment in other nets was to this net supply capability, and the consumption of the electric power in the absorption mesh changes thus.
But, in above-mentioned existing energy supply method, the safety when disaster such as earthquake consider to take place to the fuel supply of generating equipment.Because fuel is transported to generating equipment by pipeline, thereby when pipeline cuts off when disaster takes place, can not supply fuel to generating equipment.
And, because fuel such as propane flammable gas, gasoline, heavy oil, natural gas in the net supply in the net according to separately purposes, even thereby the fuel in the net have supply surplus energy, also be difficult to effectively utilize this fuel.For example in the generating equipment of generating electricity that natural gas is acted as a fuel, can not use heavy oil, lam-oil,, these effectively can not be utilized as the fuel of generating equipment even heavy oil, lam-oil have supply surplus energy.
That is, existing energy supply method is effectively utilizing dump power, reduces the power cost aspect and be to a certain degree otherwise effective technique, but is not the combination fuel that is used to generate electricity and electric power and the technology developed.
Second purpose of the present invention is to provide the new energy supply method and the system that can connect fuel and electric power each other and use.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides following energy supply method and system:
(1) a kind of energy supply method is characterized in that, will be provided with the sensible heat of the exhaust of generating equipment, combustion apparatus or conveying equipment in the imaginary area (hereinafter referred to as energy supply and demand net) of a plurality of energy dissipation device, by to DME (dimethyl ether) or CH
3OH (methyl alcohol) reforms and is used as H
2Or CO+H
2Reclaim, with this H
2Or CO+H
2As the fuel of above-mentioned a plurality of energy dissipation device or be supplied in this energy supply and demand net or in other energy supply and demand nets as chemical raw material.
(2) a kind of energy supply method is characterized in that, in energy supply and demand net, is provided with and stores DME or DME is reformed and the CO+H that obtains
2Or H
2The base, DME is acted as a fuel maybe and will reform and the CO+H that obtains to DME
2Or H
2The generating equipment and the combustion apparatus that act as a fuel and generate electricity, the electric power that the above-mentioned generating equipment of utilizing in the energy supply and demand net is sent is supplied in this energy supply and demand net, and will be stored in the DME in the above-mentioned base in this energy supply and demand net or DME is reformed and the CO+H that obtains
2Or H
2,, and supply with as the fuel of at least one side in combustion apparatus in this energy supply and demand net and the conveying equipment as the fuel of the above-mentioned generating equipment in this energy supply and demand net.
(3) according to (1) or (2) described energy supply method, it is characterized in that the above-mentioned generating equipment in energy supply and demand net, above-mentioned combustion apparatus or above-mentioned conveying equipment are supplied with the DME that is obtained by biomass, discarded object, petroleum residue, coal bed methane or coal.
According to (1) or (2) described energy supply method, it is characterized in that (4) supply utilizes the electric power that the generating equipment of the natural energy of sunlight, wind-force or waterpower is sent in energy supply and demand net.
(5) according to (1) or (2) described energy supply method, it is characterized in that, connect between a plurality of energy supply and demand nets by power line, with can intercommunication electric power.
(6) according to (1) or (2) described energy supply method, it is characterized in that, connect between a plurality of energy supply and demand nets, and supply with in energy supply and demand net as CO+H continuously by pipeline
2Or H
2The energy that reclaims is with can be at other energy supply and demand net interconnectings.
(7) according to (1) or (2) described energy supply method, it is characterized in that, in above-mentioned energy supply and demand net or outside the net, feed point, supply station are set, and (gradation) is supplied to conveying equipment in batches, in conveying equipment, to use in energy supply and demand net as CO+H
2Or H
2The energy or the DME that reclaim.
(8) a kind of energy supply system, the used heat that is located at generating equipment, combustion furnace, combustion apparatus or conveying equipment in the energy supply and demand net is carried out power conversion, be supplied in this energy supply and demand net or the energy dissipation device in other energy supply and demand nets, it is characterized in that, with the sensible heat of the exhaust of generating equipment, combustion apparatus or conveying equipment in the energy supply and demand net, by to DME (dimethyl ether) or CH
3OH (methyl alcohol) reforms and is used as CO+H
2Or H
2Reclaim, with described CO+H
2Or H
2As the fuel of energy dissipation device or be supplied in this energy supply and demand net or in other energy supply and demand nets as chemical raw material.
(9) a kind of energy supply system is provided with and stores DME or DME is reformed and the CO+H that obtains
2Or H
2The base, DME is acted as a fuel maybe and will reform and the CO+H that obtains to DME
2Or H
2Generating equipment of generating electricity of acting as a fuel and at least one side in combustion apparatus and the conveying equipment, it is characterized in that, the electric power that the described generating equipment of utilizing in the energy supply and demand net is sent is supplied in this energy supply and demand net, and will be stored in the DME in the described base in this energy supply and demand net or DME reformed and the CO+H that obtains
2Or H
2,, and supply with as the fuel of at least one side in combustion apparatus in this energy supply and demand net and the conveying equipment as the fuel of the described generating equipment in this energy supply and demand net.
According to (1) described invention, form social energy circulation by using DME, for example the used heat in factory, power plant can be used as effectively the energy of the entire society of civilian or transportation etc.
According to (2) described invention, owing to, use the high DME (dimethyl ether) of versatility as the fuel that is used for the fuel of generating equipment and combustion apparatus, conveying equipment, thereby the flexibility height between each equipment in the net.And,, thereby become the energy supply method of economy because the special infrastructure of supplying with such as service conduit can energize yet.For example, in the connection of electric power, can use existing power line, in the supply of fuel if the net in have hold-up tank.Particularly the bunkerage of existing propane just can be diverted the bunkerage of making DME through simple the transformation.And, because each net is not to be connected on the pipeline, but system independently separately, thereby when taking place, disaster such as earthquake can reduce infringement, the reparation when suffering a calamity is also easy.
According to (3) described invention, can enlarge the utilization of discarded object etc., and help to reduce the CO that the burning of discarded object etc. causes
2Discharge capacity.
According to (4) described invention, can enlarge the utilization of natural energy.
According to the invention of (5), the dump power of certain energy supply and demand net can be supplied to other energy supply and demand nets.
According to (6) described invention, can be with the remaining CO+H of certain energy supply and demand net
2Or H
2Fuel supply is to other energy supply and demand nets.
According to (7) described invention, can carry out power conversion to the used heat in factory, power plant and be used for conveying equipment.
According to (8) described invention, form social energy circulation by using DME, for example the used heat in factory, power plant can be used as effectively the energy of the entire society of civilian or transportation etc.
According to (9) described invention, owing to as the fuel that is used for the fuel of generating equipment and combustion apparatus, conveying equipment, use the high DME (dimethyl ether) of versatility, the fuel flexibility height between each equipment in the net.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure of the energy efficiency of expression Japan.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the energy circulation of expression factory etc.
Fig. 3 is the figure of energy budget before and after the conversion of expression DME.
Fig. 4 is the charts of the various fuel of expression to the balance transfer ratio of hydrogen.
Fig. 5 is the figure of expression waste heat recovery plant.
Fig. 6 is the figure of an example of the tubular heat exchanger 2 of expression.
Fig. 7 is the figure of another example of expression waste heat recovery plant.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the energy circulation of expression society.
Fig. 9 is the figure of an example of the energy supply and demand net in expression iron-smelter, the large-scale plant.
Figure 10 is the figure of an example of the energy supply and demand net of expression university etc.
Figure 11 is that expression utilizes power line to be connected a plurality of energy supply and demand nets with pipeline and makes the figure of its networked example.
Figure 12 is the figure of the energy supply system in expression second execution mode of the present invention.
Embodiment
In the present invention, use DME as the new energy circulation medium beyond the sensible heat.Be divided into following two projects below the reason of using DME is described successively: 1. the medium that can realize the energy circulation of society; 2. use the energy supply system of DME.
1. can realize the medium of the energy circulation of society
On the energy circulation that forms society, unbalanced for the supply of adjusting, integrate the demand that becomes estrangement needs to consider the circulatory mediator of the new energy beyond the sensible heat.As the characteristic of new energy circulation medium, need to consider following characteristic:
(1) safe, and have economy with existing fuel same degree.
Fail safe, preferred nontoxic certainly as the material of medium itself, even after burning, can not discharge SO yet
X, NO
X, particulate material.
(2) used heat can be reclaimed as general energy.
The entropy height of callable energy can be used as and can carry out the fuel recovery that the energy supply and demand is adjusted.
(3) can make by rechargeable energy such as biomass, discarded objects.
Can enlarge the utilization of biomass, discarded object etc., help to cut down the CO that burning causes
2Discharge capacity, and can promote dealing with to following energy security.
(4) can be used as fuel and use, effective to the environmental cure of various heating furnaces, internal combustion engine etc.
Environmental cure is the necessary condition when being applied in the city, widely purposes guarantee on the economy very important.
(5) in the outfit of following social base construction, avoid dual investment.
Consider the consistency of administrative policy and can tackle the variation of following energy requirement and very important favourable these two viewpoints of constructing of the countermeasure of taking precautions against natural calamities.
In the former, the fuel of the battery that for example acts as a fuel can be as the general generation medium of predicting the hydrogen that tomorrow requirement increases.Even the hydrogen demand do not have as expectation as under the situation about increasing, need be to CO
2The CO that acts as a fuel and can carry out recirculation etc.
2Cut down effectively.
In the latter, a lot of people's that can get help life has been seized in for example cut-out of gene basis facility in the refreshing light road violent earthquake of slope.Even need construct because of earthquake etc., fuel distribution tube, send cut-outs such as electric wire, also can guarantee the structure of required MIN energy independently, must construct useful to this.As the material that meets described condition, think that DME is one of strong candidate.
1-1.DME characteristic
The chemical formula of DME is CH
3OCH
3, be imflammable gas colourless under normal temperature, atmospheric pressure, have following feature:
(1) DME, liquefies under the pressure of 0.6Mpa under normal temperature (25 ℃) under atmospheric pressure-25 ℃ of liquefaction.Therefore, liquefaction easily, the LPG good with the property handled can easily store, carry in the liquid mode in the same manner, can utilize the infrastructure of LPG during circulation.And, can be used in any purposes of gaseous fuel and liquid fuel.
(2) Cetane number of DME can be as the fuel as the high diesel engine of the efficiency of internal combustion engine than light oil height.
(3) explosion limit equates that with propane flammable gas, methane the danger of blast is lower than methyl alcohol, light oil.
(4) owing to decomposition in atmosphere became H after tens of hours
2O and CO
2, thereby the problem that does not damage the ozone layer.
(5), thereby can not produce SO in the burning owing to do not comprise the sulphur composition
X
(6) on the chemical constitution, owing to do not have the direct combination of carbon, thereby can not produce PM particle and coal smoke.
(7) low temperature about 300 ℃ is convertible into hydrogen.
(8) main at present as the propellant that sprays usefulness, be nontoxic and safe material.
On the other hand, the shortcoming of DME is: lubrification is lower than light oil, needs to add the agent of lubrification factory, makes rubber, plastics swelling sometimes.Advancing exploitation about these, to reach the degree that does not influence practicability.
1-2. DME as the circulatory mediator of energy
DME is as the circulatory mediator of energy, and to compare good aspect as described below with other fuel:
(1) as the versatility of energy flux medium
DME converts hydrogen to by the endothermic reaction of following (1) formula.
CH
3OCH
3+3H
2O+121kJ/mol→6H
2+2CO
2……(1)
Energy budget such as Fig. 3 before and after the conversion can be the combustion heat of hydrogen with Waste Heat Recovery.
Various fuel are illustrated in Fig. 4 to the balance transfer ratio of hydrogen.
As Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, when DME used suitable catalyst, the temperature about 300 ℃ converted the reaction of hydrogen to.On the other hand, other fuel convert the reaction temperature height of hydrogen to, the burning used heat of low temperature in being difficult to reclaim effectively.
300～400 ℃ used heat is as discharging from the fuel gas used heat of power plant, factory etc., if use DME that these used heat are reclaimed as hydrogen fuel, to replace as steam, hot water recovery, then along with the popularizing of the fuel cell that uses hydrogen, can with the used heat in factory, power plant as civilian, commercial, transport the energy of usefulness.
And DME passes through the endothermic reaction of (2) formula with CO
2Convert CO and H to
2Mist.
This mist is at the CO that uses 100% purity
2Situation under, obtain 11700kJ/Nm
3Than lower calorific value, can be used as industrial fuel.
CH
3OCH
3+CO
2+243kJ/mol→3H
2+3CO……(2)
(2) reaction of the reaction of formula and (1) formula is thought and is used suitable catalyst in the same manner, then can react about 300 ℃, utilizes this reaction, can be with CO
2Act as a fuel and carry out recirculation.
(2) as the adaptability of the fuel of diesel engine
As the combustion characteristics of DME, can reduce NO significantly
X, SO
X, environmental pollutants such as particulate material discharging.Use as the fuel of the diesel motor of gross vehicle load 8t truck, even the result confirms not use DPF also can reduce by 2003～2004 annual NO significantly
X, CO, HC, PM new short-term limits value.And, with the identical diesel engine of using light oil relatively, output, moment of torsion are all higher, also guarantee the endurance distance that equates.
(3) effective utilization of biomass, general discarded object
Because DME can be by CO and H
2Synthetic, can make biomass, general waste gasification and make DME.By converting biomass, discarded object to DME,, can carry out the utilization consistent with demand as the fuel that is easy to circulate, store.
(4) to the utilization of the countermeasure of taking precautions against natural calamities: in the urban area, advantageously use as described in this section (2), help environmental cure, easy to handle DME.And, according to corresponding following this viewpoint of energy requirement, DME as very useful in the characteristic described in this section (1).
Particularly, opened up along with the popularizing of fuel cell in the characteristic described in (1), can be with the used heat in factory, power plant road as the energy of civilian, transportation.And, to (4), recognize that DME is to advancing environment, the useful fuel of the countermeasure of taking precautions against natural calamities according to (2).
(5) concrete waste heat recovery plant: Fig. 5 represents to be used for and will produce the sensible heat of exhaust of generating equipment 1 of used heat as H
2The waste heat recovery plant that reclaims.In the gas extraction system 4 of generating equipment 1, heat exchanger 2 is set, in this heat exchanger 2 by DME and H
2The mist of O (steam).By utilize exhaust and DME to carry out heat exchange at heat exchanger 2, the DME thermal decomposition is become H
2Thereby, with the sensible heat of exhaust as H
2Fuel recovery.
That heat exchanger 2 uses is tubular, plate shape, amplify heat-transfer area, heat accumulating type, various structures such as the laminar that flows, thermal medium are circulating.Fig. 6 represents an example (being called as recuperative recovery heat exchanger) of tubular heat exchanger 2.In recuperator, exhaust and DME and H
2The heat conductive wall 3 that the mist of O is used as solid walls separates.DME and H that cryogen is arranged at the interior effluent of heat conductive wall 3
2The mist of O has the exhaust of high temperature fluid at the outer effluent of heat-transfer pipe 3, these gases are contacted indirectly and carries out heat exchange.The sensible heat of exhaust passes to DME and H by radiation, conduction via heat-transfer pipe 3
2The mist of O.Stream at heat exchanger 2 has DME and H
2One side of the mist of O is filled with the catalyst such as aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide that DME is reformatted into hydrogen.By catalyst, carry out CH
3OCH
3+ 3H
2O+121kJ/mol → 6H
2+ 2CO
2Reaction.By this reaction, the DME thermal decomposition can be become H
2, with the sensible heat of exhaust as H
2Fuel recovery.At this, under the low situation of the temperature of exhaust (for example situation below 300 ℃), be difficult to take place DME and H
2The mist of O resolves into H
2Reaction.Therefore, as shown in Figure 5, be used for the part (so-called overheated super heat) of the DME of recuperation of heat, so that heat of exhaust increases (for example making the temperature of exhaust rise more than 300 ℃) to the gas extraction system input.Also can pass through the combustion heat thermal exhaust of the DME of input.Owing to when the temperature of exhaust is 350～400 ℃, carry out DME and H
2The mist of O is decomposed into H
2Reaction, thereby do not need DME overheated.And, when using high efficiency heat exchanger, even the temperature of exhaust is also can thermal decomposition DME below 300 ℃.
Replacement in heat exchanger 2 by DME and H
2The mist of O also can be by DME and CO
2Mist, the DME thermal decomposition is become H
2And CO, with the sensible heat of the exhaust of combustion furnace as H
2Reclaim with CO fuel.In this case, at heat exchanger 2, carry out CH
3OCH
3+ CO
2+ 243kJ/mol → 3H
2The reaction of+3CO.With the H that obtains
2With secondary angry mix of CO fuel, can make secondary angry generating capacity stable with steel plant.
Fig. 7 represents another example of waste heat recovery plant.In the boiling hot retracting device of this example,, be provided with DME as H at the upstream side of gas extraction system such as generating equipment
2First heat exchanger 5 with the CO fuel recovery is provided with DME as H in the downstream
2Second heat exchanger 6 of fuel recovery.As mentioned above, the reaction heat of the endothermic reaction in first heat exchanger 5 is greater than the reaction heat of the endothermic reaction in second heat exchanger 6.In order to carry out each endothermic reaction smoothly, preferably, first and second heat exchanger 5,6 of random alignment, and first heat exchanger 5 is configured in upstream side, second heat exchanger 6 is configured in the downstream.
In first heat exchanger 5, fill DME is reformatted into H
2Catalyst with CO fuel.In this first heat exchanger 5, drop into and mix DME and CO
2Gas.First heat exchanger 5 with the sensible heat of exhaust as H
2Reclaim with CO fuel.The H that reclaims
2For example be supplied to the secondary angry system of steel plant etc. with CO fuel.Also can in the gas extraction system between first heat exchanger 5 and second heat exchanger 6, drop into a part and the burning (so-called overheated) of DME, rise so that drop into the temperature of the exhaust of second heat exchanger 6.
In second heat exchanger 6, fill DME is reformatted into H
2The catalyst of fuel.In second heat exchanger 6, drop into DME and H
2The mist of O.Second heat exchanger 6 with the sensible heat of exhaust as H
2Fuel reclaims.With H
2The CO that fuel is discharged from second heat exchanger 6 together
2Separate at separator 8.Separated CO
2As raw material supplying to the first heat exchanger 5.Because separated CO
2Be high concentration, thereby need be at 5 couples of CO of first heat exchanger
2Gas in addition heats, and can carry out the decomposition reaction of DME effectively.
2. use the energy supply system of DME
In sum, think that use DME can construct the energy circulation of society as shown in Figure 8.At Fig. 8, in factory, the power plant 10 not utilize used heat and civilian, the discarded object energy of transportation in 15 be intercommunication.
Generating equipment in factory, the power plant 10, heating furnace do not utilize used heat, by reformation DME as H
2Or CO+H
2Reclaim.The H that reclaims
2Acting as a fuel is supplied to fuel-cell vehicle (path 11) civilian, transportation 15, perhaps is supplied to factory, power plant 10 as chemical raw material.On the other hand, the CO+H of recovery
2Acting as a fuel is supplied to heating furnace (path 12) in the factory, power plant 10, also is supplied to fuel apparatus civilian, transportation 15.In factory, power plant 10, the existing energy circulation of not utilizing used heat (path 13) of also utilizing sensible heats such as burning preheated air, steam or hot water to receive and dispatch electric equipment, heating furnace back and forth.
Civilian, transportation 15 fields are main catabiotic fields, but emit reproducible energy from field civilian, transportation 15 in a large number as discarded object.Used from just be difficult to this discarded object acted as a fuel in the past.Thereby discarded object temporarily is gasificated into CO+H at gasification furnace
2After, use known DME synthetic reaction and power conversion becomes DME (factory 14).Except discarded object, also can make DME by biomass, petroleum residue, coal bed methane or coal.Mix the DME come from discarded object etc. and come from the DME of natural gas and be supplied to factory, power plant 10, civilian, transportation 15 fields, then entire society can utilize reproducible energy such as discarded object again, realizes the expansion utilization of discarded object etc.And, also can supply with the electric power (path 16) that the generating equipment of the natural energy that utilizes sunlight, wind-force or waterpower is sent in civilian, transportation 15 fields.Utilize the variation of sending electric power of DME generating adjustment based on natural energy.
As the concrete energy supply system that is used to realize energy circulation shown in Figure 8, for example consider to use the energy supply system of Fig. 9 to energy supply and demand net shown in Figure 11.In energy supply and demand net, has a variform according to the using method of energy is different.
Fig. 9 represents an example of the energy supply and demand net in iron-smelter, the large-scale plant.In energy supply and demand net, be provided with the power plant (private generating) 21 of gas engine, diesel engine etc. as generating equipment, be provided with heating furnace in the factory 22 as energy dissipation device.Outside energy supply and demand net, be provided with the transporting equipment 23 of truck, bus, boats and ships, fuel cell car etc. as energy dissipation device.
And, in this energy supply and demand net, be provided with DME jar 24 as a base that is stored in overseas plant-manufactured DME, store the DME that liquefaction is arranged at this DME jar 24.DME acts as a fuel and is supplied to mansion 23, factory 22, power plant 21 etc. in the net, as the fuel supply of transporting equipment 23 to DME, the hydrogen supply station of factory's adjacency.
Power plant 21 acts as a fuel DME or fossil fuel, converts chemical energy to electric energy.21 electric power that send are supplied to factory 22, mansion 23 etc. by electric power networks in the power plant.21 gas extraction system is provided with above-mentioned heat exchanger in the power plant, by pass through the DME as the reformation medium on this heat exchanger, DME is carried out thermal decomposition, as H
2Or CO+H
2Reclaim.The H that reclaims
2Be supplied to DME, hydrogen supply station 25.Thus, can construct DME and hydrogen dual-purpose supply station.At DME, hydrogen supply station 25, as the fuel of large-sized diesel cars 26 such as truck, bus in batches (gradation) supply with DME, on the other hand to fuel cell car 26 in batches (gradation) supply with hydrogen.And, at this DME, hydrogen supply station 25, supply with DME by fuel cell car to the mode of onboard reformer, supply with hydrogen to non-vehicle-mounted mode, no matter which kind of mode fuel cell car adopts, can both be to its fueling.On the other hand, the CO+H of recovery
2Be supplied to the heating furnace in the factory 22.
Figure 10 represents an example of the energy supply and demand net of university etc.In this energy supply and demand net, be provided with the power plant (private generating) 31 of gas engine, diesel engine etc. as generating equipment, be provided with fuel cell 32 as energy dissipation device.
In energy supply and demand net, be provided with the DME jar 33 of carrying DME from a base of storing DME as the secondary base, store the DME that liquefaction is arranged at this DME jar 33.DME acts as a fuel and is supplied to the interior research facilities 37 of net, power plant 31 etc.
Power plant 31 acts as a fuel DME or fossil fuel, converts chemical energy to electric energy.31 electric power that send are supplied to research facilities 37 etc. by electric power networks 34 in the power plant.31 gas extraction system is provided with above-mentioned heat exchanger in the power plant, by on this heat exchanger by as the DME of reformation medium, with DME as H
2Or CO+H
2Reclaim.The H that reclaims
2Be supplied to fuel cell 32.The electric power that sends from fuel cell 32 is supplied to electric power networks 34.
In net, also can be provided with and gasify, synthesize the shop equipment 35 of DME by biomass, discarded object, petroleum residue, coal bed methane or coal.The DME that obtains acts as a fuel and is supplied in the net, and the heat energy that obtains is supplied to research facilities 37.And, the generating equipment 36 based on the natural energy of sunlight, wind-force or waterpower also can be set in net.Be supplied to electric power networks 34 from the electric power that sends based on the generating equipment 36 of natural energy.
Figure 11 represents to utilize power line 46 to be connected a plurality of energy supply and demand nets 41～45 with pipeline 47 and makes its networked example.In this example, utilize power line 46 and pipeline 47 to make extensive supply and demand net 41 such as steel plant, large-scale plant; Medium-scale supply and demand nets 42 such as university, government department, hospital; Supply and demand net 43,44,45 networkings on a small scale such as hotel, apartment, shopping center.In extensive supply and demand net 41, be provided with the power plant 41a that DME is acted as a fuel and generates electricity, and be provided with industrial heating furnace 41b, conveying equipment 41c as energy dissipation device.In medium-scale supply and demand net 42, be provided with the power plant 42a that DME is acted as a fuel and generates electricity, and be provided with combustion apparatus 42b, conveying equipment 42c as energy dissipation device.In small-scale supply and demand net 43,44,45, be provided with private generating equipment 43a, 44a, 45a as required or based on generating equipment 44b, the 45b of natural energy, and be provided with air-conditioning, supply with hot water facility 43c, 44c, 45c, private car 43d, 44d, 45d as energy dissipation device.
In middle and small scale supply and demand net 42 to 45, because at consumed energies such as combustion apparatus 42b, 43c～45c, private car 43d～45d, thereby become a side of consumption rather than an energy-producing side.Even there is energy-producing situation, also just there is the degree of used heat from the gas extraction system of private generating equipment 43a～45a.So, even from Waste Heat Recovery H
2Or CO+H
2, the degree of the fuel of the fuel cell in also just being used to net.In order to form the energy circulation of entire society, need will be in extensive supply and demand net 41 such as steel plant, large-scale plant unnecessary electric power, DME fuel flow to the structure of middle and small scale supply and demand net 42～45.Therefore, in this example, make a plurality of energy supply and demand nets 41～45 realize networking, promptly utilize power line 46 to connect between a plurality of energy supply and demand nets 41～45, so that electric power can intercommunication, and utilize pipeline 47 to connect between a plurality of energy supply and demand nets 41～45 so that in energy supply and demand net 41～45 as CO+H
2Or H
2The energy that reclaims can with other energy supply and demand net 41～45 intercommunications, and supply with continuously.
Generating equipment in being located at middle and small scale net 42～45 has surplus energy, and when there is the situation of (for example between daytime) power shortage in timeliness ground in extensive supply and demand net 41, also can be from middle and small scale supply and demand net 42～45 to extensive supply and demand net 41 supply capabilities.Particularly, under the situation of setting by generating equipment 44b, the 45b of the natural energy generating of sunlight, wind-force or waterpower, at generating equipment 44b, 45b surplus energy appears to timeliness in middle and small scale supply and demand net 42～45.When making energy supply and demand net realize networking as described above, can be between net intercommunication electric power, fuel.
In addition, present embodiment can be carried out various changes in the scope that does not change purport of the present invention.Energy supply and demand net is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode, can carry out various changes according to energy supply mode, energy dissipation device.For example, in energy supply and demand net,, just be not limited to generating equipment, also can be provided with combustion apparatus, conveying equipment as long as discharge used heat from gas extraction system.And, under the situation of not intercommunication electric power, fuel, also can utilize power line, pipeline to connect a plurality of energy supply and demand nets.And,, replace DME also can use CH as the reformation medium
3OH.CH
3OH is restructured as CO+H by following reaction equation
2Or H
2
CH
3OH+H
2O→3H
2+CO
2
CH
3OH→4H
2+2CO
According to Figure 12 energy supply system in second execution mode of the present invention is described below.Energy supply system is made of a plurality of energy supply and demand nets 51～56.Energy supply and demand net 51～56 and is supplied with net in the same manner at the energy shown in the above-mentioned figure, is made of large, medium and small energy supply and demand net, is provided with generating equipment, energy dissipation device at each energy supply and demand net.Energy supply and demand net 51～56 can be provincialism zone or the virtual region that has only the entrant.Virtual region is meant the state that the entrant of separation connects systemicly, rather than the certain limit interior zone the same as the region zone.
In a plurality of energy supply and demand nets 51～56, be respectively equipped with base 51a～56a that stores DME and generating equipment 51b～56b that DME is generated electricity as raw material.Entrant in the electric power that the generating equipment 51b～56b of energy supply and demand net 51～56 sends is supplied to this energy supply and demand net 51～56.And be stored in the DME in the base of energy supply and demand net 51～56, supply with as the fuel of generating equipment 51b～56b, combustion apparatus 51c～56c in this energy supply and demand net 51～56 and conveying equipment 51d～56d.
A plurality of energy supply and demand nets 51～56 are divided into extensive supply and demand net 51, medium-scale supply and demand net 52,53 and small-scale supply and demand net 54～56 according to its generating scale.
Extensive supply and demand net 51 be steel plant, large-scale plant etc. for example, the fuel apparatus 51c and the conveying equipment 51d that have the base 51a of storage DME, DME is acted as a fuel the generating equipment 51b that generates electricity, DME is acted as a fuel.Utilize boats and ships etc. to carry DME to a base 51a, storage has the DME of liquefaction in the jar of base 51a～56a.
As generating equipment 51b, for example use gas turbine, diesel engine etc., as combustion apparatus 51c, for example use combustion furnace, air-conditioning equipment etc.As conveying equipment 51d, for example use transport vehicles, boats and ships, construction implement.Use the ratio of DME to be, for example generating equipment 51b is 6/10ths, and combustion apparatus 51c is 3/10ths, and conveying equipment 51d is about 1/10th.Wherein, combustion apparatus 51c and conveying equipment 51d needn't they all act as a fuel DME, and only its part acts as a fuel DME and gets final product.
Around extensive supply and demand net 51, as satellite, have additional medium-scale supply and demand net 52,53.Set up medium-scale supply and demand net at 52,53 o'clock, and do not need to reset the infrastructure of pipeline or power line.As long as this is because utilize existing power line or the jar of storing DME is set.
Medium-scale supply and demand net 52,53 is middle and small scale factory, university, Office of the People's Government for example, has the secondary base 52a, the 53a that store DME.
By the medium-scale supply and demand net 53 that middle and small scale factory constitutes, the electric power consumption in the net 53 lacks than large-scale plant, thereby as generating equipment 53b, also can replace gas turbine to use fuel cell, diesel engine etc.As combustion apparatus 53c, except heating furnace, for example use air-conditioning, supply with hot water, equipment for kitchen use.As conveying equipment 53d, for example use fork truck, truck etc.Along with medium-scale from carrying out the transition on a large scale, the purposes of the equipment in the net changes.
In the medium-scale supply and demand net 52 that is made of university, Office of the People's Government, the DME of combustion apparatus 52c such as generating equipment 52b, air-conditioning, supply hot water, kitchen consumption quantitative change is big, and the DME consumption of conveying equipment 52d diminishes.As conveying equipment 52d, use bus, garbage truck (collecting cart of discarded object) etc.
Around medium-scale supply and demand net 52,53, as satellite, be provided with supply and demand net 54～56 on a small scale.Set up small-scale supply and demand net at 54～56 o'clock, and do not need to reset the infrastructure of pipeline, power line.
Little medium-scale supply and demand net 54～56 for example is hotel, apartment building, dwelling house ground, shopping center etc., has three base 54a that store DME.Private generating equipment 54b～56b as small-scale supply and demand net 54～56 for example uses fuel cell, diesel engine, gas engine etc.
In little medium-scale supply and demand net 54～56, private generating equipment 54b～56b is not set sometimes.In this case, in little medium-scale supply and demand net 54～56, from generating equipment 52b, 53b transmission (delivery based on demand) electric power of medium-scale supply and demand net 52,53.
As the combustion apparatus of small-scale supply and demand net 54～56, for example use air-conditioning, supply with hot water equipment 54c～56c.As conveying equipment 54d～56d, for example use private car etc.The user who for example has private car in the apartment adds DME from three base 54a～56a and acts as a fuel, rather than goes to gasoline service station.Along with carrying out the transition on a small scale from medium-scale, the purposes of combustion apparatus, conveying equipment changes.
Be connected with power lines such as sending electric wire, distribution wire between a plurality of energy supply and demand nets 51～57, with can intercommunication electric power.This power line uses existing infrastructure.And, for can be between a plurality of energy supply and demand nets 51～57 intercommunication DME, make between the 51a～56a of base and can carry DME by enough trucies.
And in energy supply and demand net 51～57, the generating equipment based on the natural energy of sunlight, wind-force, waterpower can be set also, will be supplied to energy supply and demand net 51～57 from the electric power that this generating equipment is sent.
And, in above-mentioned energy supply and demand net, generating equipment, combustion apparatus or the conveying equipment of utilization by the resulting fuel of energy of biomass, discarded object can be set also.
Utilize the DME surplus of consumption, the hold-up tank of the DME in each energy supply and demand net 51～57 of InfoLine (the Internet wire) unified management such as existing telephone circuit, optical cable, power line, to DME quantity delivered and the energy output in this energy supply and demand net and the information of electric power consumption of hold-up tank.
Described information for example sends to the computer that is located at the center of energy on the extensive supply and demand net 51.The described data of computer unified management for example when certain energy supply and demand net produces excrescent electric power, are controlled and excrescent electric power are supplied to want other energy supply and demand nets that generate electricity.
The excrescent electric power of extensive supply and demand net 51 is supplied to medium-scale supply and demand net 52,53 o'clock, can reduces the DME consumption that is used to generate electricity at medium-scale supply and demand net 52,53.Transfer to combustion apparatus 52c, 53c, conveying equipment 52d, 53d in the net 52,53 by the DME that will measure, can effectively utilize energy.The fuel of the fuel of generating equipment 52b, 53b, combustion apparatus 52c, 53c, conveying equipment 52d, 53d is not simultaneously, even the fuel of generating equipment 52b, 53b remains, can not be used as the fuel of combustion apparatus 52c, 53c, conveying equipment 52d, 53d effectively.
In big-and-middle small-scale supply and demand net 51～56, because the purposes of generating equipment 51b～56b, combustion apparatus 51c～56c, conveying equipment 51d～56d changes, thereby the ratio of the consumption of DME also changes between described equipment.According to the fuel feed system of present embodiment, because the fuel of generating equipment 51b～56b, combustion apparatus 51c～56c, conveying equipment 51d～56d is general, even thereby also can effectively utilize energy in this case.
By utilizing DME to make the energy in the energy supply and demand net 1～6 general, compare with the situation of carrying fuel such as heavy oil, propane flammable gas, natural gas respectively, can reduce the conveying cost, and then reduce cost of energy.Act as a fuel when using DME, compare with oil fuel and can reduce CO
2Generation.
In each energy supply and demand net 51～56, be provided with base 51a～56a that stores DME and generating equipment 51b～56b that DME is generated electricity as raw material.Energy supply and demand net 51～56 forms independently, and energy supply and demand net 51～56 is supply capability and energy in energy supply and demand net 51～56 alone.When disaster takes place, in the existing energy supply system that utilizes pipeline to be connected with power line, pipeline, when power line is cut off, can not energize, but energy supply system according to present embodiment, this problem can not take place, the required MIN electric power of the power equipment of can guaranteeing to turn round.Even the infrastructure in the function supply and demand net 51～56 is destroyed, as long as this energy supply and demand net can repair, even do not wait the reparation of other energy supply and demand nets, also can be in this energy supply and demand net energize.
Claims (9)
1. an energy supply method is characterized in that, will be provided with the sensible heat of the exhaust of generating equipment, combustion apparatus or conveying equipment in the imaginary area (hereinafter referred to as energy supply and demand net) of a plurality of energy dissipation device, by to DME (dimethyl ether) or CH
3OH (methyl alcohol) reforms and is used as H
2Or CO+H
2Reclaim, with this H
2Or CO+H
2As the fuel of described a plurality of energy dissipation device or be supplied in this energy supply and demand net or in other energy supply and demand nets as chemical raw material.
2. an energy supply method is characterized in that, in energy supply and demand net, is provided with and stores DME or DME is reformed and the CO+H that obtains
2Or H
2The base, DME is acted as a fuel maybe and will reform and the CO+H that obtains to DME
2Or H
2The generating equipment and the combustion apparatus that act as a fuel and generate electricity, the electric power that the described generating equipment of utilizing in the energy supply and demand net is sent is supplied in this energy supply and demand net, and will be stored in the DME in the described base in this energy supply and demand net or DME is reformed and the CO+H that obtains
2Or H
2,, and supply with as the fuel of at least one side in combustion apparatus in this energy supply and demand net and the conveying equipment as the fuel of the described generating equipment in this energy supply and demand net.
3. energy supply method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that the described generating equipment in energy supply and demand net, described combustion apparatus or described conveying equipment are supplied with the DME that is obtained by biomass, discarded object, petroleum residue, coal bed methane or coal.
4. energy supply method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, supply utilizes the electric power that the generating equipment of the natural energy of sunlight, wind-force or waterpower is sent in energy supply and demand net.
5. energy supply method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, connects between a plurality of energy supply and demand nets by power line, with can intercommunication electric power.
6. energy supply method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, connects between a plurality of energy supply and demand nets by pipeline, and supplies with in energy supply and demand net as CO+H continuously
2Or H
2The energy that reclaims is with can be at other energy supply and demand net interconnectings.
7. energy supply method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, in described energy supply and demand net or outside the net feed point, supply station are set, and (gradation) is supplied to conveying equipment in batches, to use in energy supply and demand net as CO+H in conveying equipment
2Or H
2The energy or the DME that reclaim.
8. energy supply system, the used heat that is located at generating equipment, combustion furnace, combustion apparatus or conveying equipment in the energy supply and demand net is carried out power conversion, be supplied in this energy supply and demand net or the energy dissipation device in other energy supply and demand nets, it is characterized in that, with the sensible heat of the exhaust of generating equipment, combustion apparatus or conveying equipment in the energy supply and demand net, by to DME (dimethyl ether) or CH
3OH (methyl alcohol) reforms and is used as CO+H
2Or H
2Reclaim, with described CO+H
2Or H
2As the fuel of energy dissipation device or be supplied in this energy supply and demand net or in other energy supply and demand nets as chemical raw material.
9. energy supply system is provided with and stores DME or DME is reformed and the CO+H that obtains
2Or H
2The base, DME is acted as a fuel maybe and will reform and the CO+H that obtains to DME
2Or H
2Generating equipment of generating electricity of acting as a fuel and at least one side in combustion apparatus and the conveying equipment, it is characterized in that, the electric power that the described generating equipment of utilizing in the energy supply and demand net is sent is supplied in this energy supply and demand net, and will be stored in the DME in the described base in this energy supply and demand net or DME reformed and the CO+H that obtains
2Or H
2,, and supply with as the fuel of at least one side in combustion apparatus in this energy supply and demand net and the conveying equipment as the fuel of the described generating equipment in this energy supply and demand net.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP197242/2004 | 2004-07-02 | ||
| JP2004197242 | 2004-07-02 | ||
| JP116221/2005 | 2005-04-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1981416A true CN1981416A (en) | 2007-06-13 |
Family
ID=38131625
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005800226276A Pending CN1981416A (en) | 2004-07-02 | 2005-06-29 | Energy supply method and system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1981416A (en) |
-
2005
- 2005-06-29 CN CNA2005800226276A patent/CN1981416A/en active Pending
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