CN1979220A - High-speed parallel multi-path multi-path-data system for mulclear spectroscope and nuclear electronics - Google Patents
High-speed parallel multi-path multi-path-data system for mulclear spectroscope and nuclear electronics Download PDFInfo
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- CN1979220A CN1979220A CN 200510125706 CN200510125706A CN1979220A CN 1979220 A CN1979220 A CN 1979220A CN 200510125706 CN200510125706 CN 200510125706 CN 200510125706 A CN200510125706 A CN 200510125706A CN 1979220 A CN1979220 A CN 1979220A
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Abstract
The invention relates to high speed parallel multichannel data system for nucleus spectrum and nuclear electronics. It is made up of 4 independent channels, and includes analog circuit, 14 bits ADC, and a 4 channel timer distributor. The analog signal would be transformed to digital quantity and input into large capacity FPGA chip to take online analysis of time, amplitude, sampling points information and relativity, taking effective data selection and inputting into host computer through network or USB2.0 interface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nuclear spectroscopy and nuclear electronics technical field, particularly a kind of high-speed parallel hyperchannel multiple tracks data system that is used for nuclear spectroscopy and nuclear electronics.
Background technology
Multichannel analyzer was record and the measuring unit of analyzing the pulse information of nuclear physics incident during nuclear spectroscopy was measured, and was divided into single channel multiple tracks (multichannel) analyzer and multiparameter (multi-parameter) multichannel analyzer two classes.The multiparameter multi-channel measurement is the pith in nuclear spectroscopy experiment and the measurement, is widely used in all kinds of nuclear physics experiments and nuclear analytical technology.Its central principle be simultaneously or time-sharing recording from the energy of the pulse signal of each road (passage) and the information of time, and with data analyze, processing, record, to obtain the physical process that nuclear incident takes place.Hyperchannel multiple tracks data-acquisition system partly is made up of analog front end circuit, ADC, digital signal processor, computing machine communication interface and computing machine etc.
Traditional measuring multiple parameters can be divided into timesharing or order multi-channel measurement and parallel multi-channel coincidence measurement two big classes, the NIM standard 919E Multichannel Buffer four-way multiple tracks plug-in unit that first kind multiparameter multichannel analyzer such as U.S. ORTEC company produce, CAMAC standard AD413A Quad 8k ADC four-way multiple tracks plug-in unit belongs to timesharing hyperchannel multichannel data acquisition system, its core technology is to utilize the multichannel blender (multiplexer) will be from the pulse signal timesharing of each road (passage) or order (first-come, first-served basis) sends to single ADC and carry out analog to digital conversion and record respectively, be equivalent to the function that a Pulse Multi channel Analyzer has realized a plurality of Pulse Multi channel Analyzer, be a class Pulse Multi channel Analyzer the most frequently used in the nuclear physics experiment, be mainly used in the experiment of spectral measurement and time measurement.The second class multiparameter multichannel analyzer belongs to parallel multi-channel coincidence measurement pulse multi-channel analysis system, as adopt NIM standard 7072 ADC that a plurality of CAMAC standard ORTECAD114 16k ADC and German FASTCom company produce, and analyze and data transmission by special-purpose CAMAC FERAbus Module and special ADC Port Module and special-purpose MPA-3 BaseModule respectively respectively to carrying out analog to digital conversion from the pulse signal of each road (passage) is parallel.This class Pulse Multi channel Analyzer is mainly used in time of writing down and measuring the nuclear incident that is associated simultaneously, energy etc.In positron annihilation life-momentum correlation measurement, need obtain the annihilation life of positron in sample and the energy information of annihilation photon simultaneously, and for example, meet in the Doppler measurement in positron annihilation, need obtain the energy information of two annihilation photons simultaneously.First kind Pulse Multi channel Analyzer is owing to belong to single ADC time-division processing multi-channel information, and can't satisfy the measurement requirement that writes down multichannel associated core incident simultaneously.Thereby two class multichannel analyzer applicable scope are different, but the second class Pulse Multi channel Analyzer can substitute first kind Pulse Multi channel Analyzer, realize the experiment of dereferenced multichannel measurement.
Summary of the invention
High speed, the parallel multi-channel data acquisition system (DAS) that nuclear instrument is measured that can be used for that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of general usefulness, system can work alone or the hyperchannel multiparameter meets under the pattern and works at hyperchannel.Under the hyperchannel independent working mode, can be used as a plurality of really Pulse Multi channel Analyzer independently, be a plurality of measuring system work simultaneously, reduce and measure the dead time; Under hyperchannel meets pattern, can use hardware programming language (VHDL) to realize to the time that is detected example and the correlation analysis of energy, as the energy in the nuclear physics incident-energy coincidence measurement, time-the energy coincidence measurement, time-momentum coincidence measurement etc.
Further technical scheme of the present invention is to adopt the integrated application of technology such as high speed analog-to-digital conversion (ADC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), rapid data transmission.Interface communication uses USB2.0, lan network interface high speed data transfer agreement.
The present invention discloses the high-speed parallel hyperchannel multiple tracks data-acquisition system of a kind of nuclear spectroscopy and nuclear electronics, especially for the data-acquisition system of dependent event multiparameter coincidence measurement in the nuclear spectroscopy.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. the present invention adopts high speed analog-to-digital conversion (ADC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) to be technology such as core technology and high speed data transfer, can replace the present all kinds of Pulse Multi channel Analyzer that combine by the ADC plug-in unit and the special-purpose data transmission system of complexity, simplify measurement mechanism and operation technique, greatly reduced the cost and the use cost of equipment.
2. the present invention finishes the time of the input signal of hyperchannel multiparameter and the correlativity judgement of energy in hardware FPGA, improved the efficient of data transmission, reduce and measure the dead time, improved measuring accuracy and measurement stability, can be used for the situation that the pulse data under the high count rate condition is gathered.
3. the present invention can revise the mode of operation of FPGA easily and FPGA is programmed by computing machine, thereby satisfies the measurement requirement of various conditions
4. the present invention has multiple mode of operations such as internal trigger, external trigger coincidence measurement pattern and each road work alone.Satisfy the various measurement requirement of present commercial multichannel analyzer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the high-speed parallel hyperchannel multiple tracks data system theory diagram that the present invention is used for nuclear spectroscopy and nuclear electronics.
Fig. 2 adopts different radioactive source γ to carry out measurement result to the native system linearity in the peak.
Fig. 3 adopts the present invention detector to be carried out the calibration result figure of energy resolution as the single channel Pulse Multi channel Analyzer.
Fig. 4 adopts the comparison of the present invention as single channel Pulse Multi channel Analyzer positron annihilation dopplerbroadening spectral measurement result who measures and the positron annihilation dopplerbroadening spectral measurement result who adopts ORTEC NIM 921 Pulse Multi channel Analyzer to measure.
Fig. 5 is near the detailed comparative result figure of the positron annihilation dopplerbroadening spectrum of 511keV energy shape among Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is that positron annihilation meets Doppler measurement theory diagram (internal trigger pattern).
Fig. 7 is that positron annihilation meets Doppler measurement theory diagram (external trigger pattern).
Fig. 8 is that the positron annihilation of adopting the external trigger pattern to measure meets Doppler's two dimension spectral distribution figure.
Fig. 9 is the plane figure of Fig. 8 measurement result.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 provides the concrete theory diagram of implementing of system.
A kind of high-speed parallel hyperchannel multiple tracks data system that is used for nuclear spectroscopy and nuclear electronics, form by 4 separate analog-digital conversion a/d ALT-CH alternate channels and on-site programmable gate array FPGA chip, data transmission module, single-chip microcomputer, A/D analog to digital conversion passage is connected in fpga chip, and fpga chip is connected in computing machine by data transmission module and single-chip microcomputer.
Adopt 14 high-speed ADC analog to digital converters, sampling rate reaches as high as 65MHz, to guarantee sampling precision and sample rate; The A/D ALT-CH alternate channel mainly is made up of differential amplifier AD8138 and A/D conversion chip AD9244.Differential amplifier AD8 138 is connected in A/D conversion chip AD9244 chip.
AD9244 is the bipolar technology A/D converter of a excellent performance of ADI company production, it carries the output error correction circuit, adopt multistage differential pipeline structure, under the 65MSPS switching rate, can provide the 75dB signal to noise ratio (snr), 90dB does not have spurious signal dynamic range (SFDR) and 14 sampling precisions, can guarantee all do not losing sign indicating number in the set point of temperature scope.On-site programmable gate array FPGA, sampling number information and correlativity thereof to time of each channel pulse signal, amplitude, each pulse are carried out on-line analysis, adopt that different disposal mode paired pulses pile up effect is removed, the judgement of pulse shape and peak position etc., the realization valid data are selected, and improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio); Fpga chip adopts the XC3S10004FG456CB in the Xilinx Spartan-3 of the company series, and its uses 90nm explained hereafter, compares with other products of the same type, has that price is low, capacity is high, the characteristics of excellent performance.These characteristics comprise high-performance block and distributed RAM; 32 RISC soft processors of MicroBlaze and XtremeDSP function; Special-purpose 118 * 18 multipliers; Per second provides 3,300 hundred million multiplication and (MAC) computing that adds up.The 16 bit flash memory single-chip microcomputer dsPIC30F6014 that single-chip microcomputer adopts Microchip Technology (MicroChipTechnology) to produce, it is equipped with the 132K byte to 144K byte enhancement mode flash memory and 6K to 8K byte static RAM (SRAM), also be equipped with a CODEC interface and 12 100KSPS analog to digital converters simultaneously, can have supported large-scale complicated applications.
During system works, single-ended simulating signal at first converts differential signal to by differential amplifier AD8138, sends into AD9244 then and carries out the A/D conversion, and the A/D conversion adopts the Pipe-Line mode to carry out.14 bit digital quantity after each passage conversion are sent among the FPGA, find the useful signal peak by the peak-seeking process, and energy information and temporal information by calculating pulse signal, and according to different application targets, the signal that each passage is collected carries out meeting of aspects such as energy, time and screens, by the UDP transport module energy and the temporal information of signal are delivered to computing machine, preserve or be further processed.Also can select the waveform sampling data transmission of pulse signal is directly preserved to computing machine, handle to make things convenient for off-line data.The user can select different mode of operation and running parameter according to different application targets in the operation interface on computers, these orders that change mode of operation and parameter are sent to system by the dsPIC30F6014 single-chip microcomputer by the RS-232 communication interface.
In order to guarantee the net synchronization capability of 4 sampling channels, adopt pair of L VDS clock to receive in the circuit and sent chip and constituted the clock modulate circuit, the use of clock modulate circuit both reduced the rising and the fall time of crystal oscillator output clock, also guaranteed that the frequency that four ADC receive all is identical with phase place all the time simultaneously.
By above design, notebook data obtains system can change mode of operation and running parameter flexibly according to user's different application targets and requirement, finishes one-parameter and multiparameter data acquisition task in different application places.In nuclear is measured, not only can realize the multiparameter coincidence measurement, also can be used as a plurality of independently multichannel analyzers.
In clock circuit, adopt clock distributor to use to 4 A/D passages same clock distribution, to guarantee the synchronous of each passage.
Data transmission interface adopts USB2.0 and network data transmission interface, to guarantee the needs of sufficiently high message transmission rate and different application occasion.
Fig. 2 be adopt different radioactive source γ can the peak (
133Ba 355.75keV, 383.54keV, 436.26keV and
22Na 511keV) the native system linearity is measured.Peak position road number and the mapping of corresponding energy with gamma spectrum.Fitting function y=0.29732* (x-2029.99668), degree of fitting R^2=0.99997.The result shows that the linearity of native system is fine, can satisfy the high-acruracy survey requirement.
Fig. 3 adopts the present invention detector to be carried out the calibration result of energy resolution as the single channel Pulse Multi channel Analyzer.Experiment condition: amplifier adopts Ortec 572, and curring time 2 μ s, detector adopt Ortec GLP Planar High Purity Germanium Detectors.The measurement result system is right
85Sr514keV and
147The energy resolution (FWHM) of Nd 531keV γ is respectively 1.22keV and 1.23keV.
Fig. 4 adopts the present invention as the positron annihilation dopplerbroadening spectral measurement result of single channel Pulse Multi channel Analyzer measurement and the comparison of adopting the positron annihilation dopplerbroadening spectral measurement result of ORTEC NIM 921 Pulse Multi channel Analyzer measurement.Experiment condition: amplifier adopts Ortec572, and curring time 1 μ s, detector adopt Ortec GLP Planar High Purity Germanium Detectors,
22The Na radioactive source, the peak area tale is about 2.2 * 10
6
Fig. 5 is near the detailed comparative result of the positron annihilation dopplerbroadening spectrum of 511keV energy shape among Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is that positron annihilation meets Doppler measurement internal trigger pattern theory diagram.The internal trigger pattern is to utilize the plate of this invention to carry fpga chip, the two ways of digital signals after the analog to digital conversion is carried out the correlativity of time and energy respectively and judges that criterion realizes by the hardware programming language according to concrete experiment condition.Meet the time 1～256 (* 50ns) adjustable, it is adjustable to meet energy, signal is judged effective back and sends computing machine to by usb bus.Wherein empty frame is to should the invention system.
Fig. 7 is that positron annihilation meets Doppler measurement external trigger pattern theory diagram.The external trigger pattern is to realize the judgement that meets to signal in this invention system outside by a series of NIM plug-in units, judges when effective just this invention system of gating, and this invention system only plays the function of mould-number conversion and data transmission.The external trigger pattern has and meets arbitration functions more accurately, can eliminate accidental meeting better, reduces and measures background.
Fig. 8 be the positron annihilation of adopting the external trigger pattern to measure meet dopplerbroadening two dimension spectral distribution figure (high-purity annealing Al sample and
22Na positron source), experimental result: measure peak-to valley ratio and be better than 1.6 * 10
6Transverse axis E1, E2 are respectively two gamma-ray energy that high purity germanium detector captures simultaneously among the figure, and longitudinal axis Counts is for detecting two gamma-ray countings of corresponding energy simultaneously in the experiment.
Fig. 9 is the planimetric map of stereographic map after E1, E2 plane projection that Fig. 8 measures.Count value correspondence among this figure actual counting, and the right side of figure is counted from top to bottom gradually and increased.
Claims (5)
1. high-speed parallel hyperchannel multiple tracks data system that is used for nuclear spectroscopy and nuclear electronics, form by 4 separate analog-digital conversion a/d ALT-CH alternate channels and on-site programmable gate array FPGA chip, data transmission module, single-chip microcomputer, A/D analog to digital conversion passage is connected in fpga chip, and fpga chip is connected in computing machine by data transmission module and single-chip microcomputer.
2. high-speed parallel hyperchannel multiple tracks data system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt 14 high-speed AD converters, sampling rate reaches as high as 65MHz, to guarantee sampling precision and sample rate; The A/D ALT-CH alternate channel mainly is made up of differential amplifier AD8138 and A/D conversion chip AD9244 chip, and differential amplifier AD8138 is connected in A/D conversion chip AD9244 chip.
3. high-speed parallel hyperchannel multiple tracks data system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in clock distribution circuit, adopt clock distributor to use to 4 A/D passages same clock distribution, to guarantee the synchronous of each passage.
4. high-speed parallel hyperchannel multiple tracks data system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt on-site programmable gate array FPGA, sampling number information and correlativity thereof to time of each channel pulse signal, amplitude, each pulse are carried out on-line analysis, adopt that different disposal mode paired pulses pile up effect is removed, the judgement of pulse shape and peak position etc., the realization valid data are selected, and improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
5. high-speed parallel hyperchannel multiple tracks data system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: data transmission interface adopts USB2.0 and network data transmission interface, to guarantee the needs of sufficiently high message transmission rate and different application occasion.
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| CN101252358B (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2010-10-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十四研究所 | High speed 16 bit A/D converter modular circuit |
| CN102096088A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-06-15 | 西北核技术研究所 | Multipath pulse signal acquisition device for use in radiation detection |
| CN102176142A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-09-07 | 威海北洋电气集团股份有限公司 | FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array)-based high-speed data acquisition system |
| CN102192765A (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2011-09-21 | 连云港杰瑞电子有限公司 | Multi-channel parallel isolation analog/digital (A/D) acquisition and processing method |
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| CN101710183B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-09-12 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Digital coincidence multichannel system for nuclear spectroscopy and nuclear electronics |
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| CN101710183B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-09-12 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Digital coincidence multichannel system for nuclear spectroscopy and nuclear electronics |
| CN102192765B (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2013-03-27 | 连云港杰瑞电子有限公司 | Multi-channel parallel isolation analog/digital (A/D) acquisition and processing method |
| CN102192765A (en) * | 2010-03-10 | 2011-09-21 | 连云港杰瑞电子有限公司 | Multi-channel parallel isolation analog/digital (A/D) acquisition and processing method |
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