CN1976178A - Double-rotor pneumatic electric machine and variable speed constant frequency excitation control system thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A dual-rotor variable-speed constant-frequency wind generator, comprising a generator stator in the generator main body and a generator rotor that is driven by a main drive shaft and arranged in a rotating configuration relative to the stator, wherein the exciter passes through the main drive of the main wind wheel. The shaft is coaxially installed in series with the main body of the generator; the permanent magnet outer rotor is in a structure that rotates relative to the exciter inner rotor, and the permanent magnet outer rotor is in a structure that rotates relative to the generator stator; the auxiliary wind wheel is in a driveable The structure of the permanent magnet outer rotor is installed on the auxiliary drive shaft; the auxiliary drive shaft driven by the auxiliary wind wheel and the main drive shaft driven by the main wind wheel are coaxially connected in a mutually rotatable manner; the aforementioned main and auxiliary wind The main wind rotor speed measuring device and the auxiliary wind rotor speed measuring device are installed on the wheel, which can transmit the speed signal to the centralized control device of the unit; the invention does not need to configure a power converter with complicated power, which effectively simplifies the structure of the unit and improves the efficiency of the unit. Operating efficiency and reliability reduce control system costs.

Description

Dual-rotor wind turbine and its variable-speed constant-frequency excitation control system

Technical field

The invention relates to a wind power generator, in particular to a series permanent magnet variable-speed constant-frequency excitation dual-rotor wind generator and an excitation control system with the wind generator.

Background technique

Known technology such as Chinese patent CN200510022771.1 discloses a variable-speed constant-frequency method for wind power generation, which is characterized in that first, the speed of the wind turbine rotor is increased through the speed-increasing gearbox, and then the input power generated by the variable speed is input into the differential The input shaft of the permanent magnet motor is divided or merged by the differential mechanism of the differential permanent magnet motor to generate power flow into the stator winding of the differential permanent magnet motor through the feeder to realize constant speed and constant frequency power generation to the power grid, so as to improve the power generation system. power generation efficiency.

Another example is Chinese patent CN200410003089.3 which discloses a MW level direct drive permanent magnet outer rotor synchronous wind generator, which adopts a multi-pole outer rotor structure. The generator includes a fixed shaft, a rotating shaft, a coil winding, a permanent magnetic steel, an iron core, a stator and an outer rotor, wherein the rotating shaft is mounted on the fixed shaft through a bearing, the stator is mounted on the fixed shaft through a stator bracket, and the outer rotor passes through The rotor support is installed on the rotating shaft, and an axial cooling ventilation channel may be provided between the winding coil and the stator support; a protective cover is provided on the windward surface between the outer rotor and the stator. Due to the large number of poles, the speed is very low, so there is no need for a speed-increasing gearbox, and it can be directly driven to generate electricity; the generator does not have its own cooling fan or external cooling system.

It is known that wind turbines transmit the power generated by the wind wheel under the action of wind to the generator through the gearbox and make it obtain a corresponding speed; usually the speed of the wind wheel is very low, which is far below the requirements for high-speed generator power generation. The speed must be realized through the speed-up effect of the gear pair of the gearbox; while the working conditions of the wind turbine unit are generally very poor, frequent failures of the gearbox are common.

Products manufactured by known technologies have poor reliability, high maintenance costs, and low unit efficiency. The industry hopes to take advantage of the brushless structure of the brushless doubly-fed motor technology and the wide range of variable speed and constant frequency operation, combined with the technical advantages of efficient use of wind energy by the double phoenix wheels installed on the dual rotor drive shafts that rotate in opposite directions to each other, and remove the gearbox and The complex control system realizes the variable speed and constant frequency operation of the generating set.

Contents of Invention

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the conventional technology, and provide a dual-rotor variable-speed constant-frequency wind motor and its variable-speed constant-frequency excitation control system.

One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a dual-rotor variable-speed constant-frequency wind motor;

The second purpose of this case is to provide an excitation control system for a variable-speed constant-frequency wind motor.

The present invention solves the technical problem of the dual-rotor variable-speed constant-frequency wind motor by adopting the following technical solutions. According to the present invention, a dual-rotor variable-speed constant-frequency wind motor includes the generator stator in the main body of the generator and the main drive shaft Transmission, the rotor of the generator set in a rotating structure relative to the stator, wherein the exciter is coaxially installed in series with the main drive shaft of the main wind wheel of the device and the main body of the generator; the permanent magnet is arranged on the yoke of the permanent magnet outer rotor to form an excitation The permanent magnet outer rotor of the generator; the permanent magnet outer rotor is in a structure that rotates relative to the exciter inner rotor, and the permanent magnet outer rotor is in a structure that rotates relative to the generator stator; the auxiliary wind wheel is in the form of a driveable permanent magnet The structure of the outer rotor is installed on the auxiliary transmission shaft; the auxiliary transmission shaft driven by the auxiliary wind wheel and the main transmission shaft driven by the main wind wheel are coaxially connected in a mutually rotatable manner.

In this case, the solution to the technical problem of the dual-rotor variable-speed constant-frequency wind motor can be further realized by the following technical measures:

The aforementioned dual-rotor variable-speed constant-frequency wind motor, wherein, the auxiliary wind wheel is configured in a transmission structure that rotates in opposite directions relative to the main wind wheel; the auxiliary wind wheel is arranged in an upwind direction; Rotation structure set.

In the aforementioned dual-rotor variable-speed constant-frequency wind motor, the permanent magnets are arranged in groups, and the number of pole pairs matches the number of pole pairs of the inner rotor of the exciter; the yoke of the permanent magnet of the device is arranged in the permanent magnet outer rotor housing.

In the aforementioned dual-rotor variable-speed constant-frequency wind generator, there is a preset distance between the auxiliary wind rotor and the exciter to avoid collision between the auxiliary wind rotor and the tower.

In the aforementioned dual-rotor variable-speed constant-frequency wind generator, the main and auxiliary transmission shafts each have hollow through holes with preset diameters, and the transmission shafts are supported by bearings arranged on the generator and the exciter.

In this case, the following technical measures can be used to solve the technical problems of the variable-speed constant-frequency excitation control system. According to the present invention, a variable-speed constant-frequency excitation control system includes a wind generator, wherein, in the wind generator, the generator stator and the The generator rotor is driven by the main transmission shaft and rotates relative to the stator. The exciter is coaxially installed in series with the main transmission shaft of the main wind wheel and the main body of the generator; the permanent magnet is arranged on the yoke of the permanent magnet outer rotor to form a The permanent magnet outer rotor of the exciter; the permanent magnet outer rotor is configured to rotate relative to the exciter inner rotor, and the permanent magnet outer rotor is configured to rotate relative to the generator stator; the auxiliary wind wheel can be driven The structure of the permanent magnet outer rotor is installed on the auxiliary transmission shaft; the auxiliary transmission shaft driven by the auxiliary wind wheel and the main transmission shaft driven by the main wind wheel are coaxially connected in a mutually rotatable manner; the aforementioned main , The auxiliary wind wheel is equipped with the main wind wheel speed measuring device and the auxiliary wind wheel speed measuring device that can transmit the signal of the speed to the centralized control device of the unit; the centralized control device of the unit has a port connected with the wind speed detection device and a wind direction detection device. port and the port for transmitting data with the upper computer; the yaw controller and the centralized control device of the unit are connected by controlling the downwind rotation of the main wind wheel; the main wind wheel and the auxiliary wind wheel are respectively equipped with main The wind rotor pitch adjustment mechanism, the auxiliary wind rotor pitch adjustment mechanism, the main and auxiliary wind rotor pitch adjustment mechanisms and the centralized control device of the unit are all connected by controlling the pitch of the wind rotor pitch adjustment mechanism ;The voltage output terminal of the generator is sequentially connected to the grid-connected control device that can limit the output voltage of the generator, softly connect to the grid after the same period, and softly split when the shutdown is stopped, and a step-up transformer, and then connect to the external power grid; Between the control device and the step-up transformer, an output voltage measurement device connected to the unit centralized control device, an output current detection device connected to the unit centralized control device, and a grid frequency detection device connected to the unit centralized control device are arranged in sequence; The no-load detection device connected with the centralized control device of the unit is arranged between the machine and the grid-connected control device.

In this case, to solve the technical problems of the variable-speed constant-frequency excitation control system, the following technical measures can be adopted to further realize:

The aforementioned variable-speed constant-frequency excitation control system, wherein: the auxiliary wind rotor of the wind generator is configured in a transmission structure that rotates in opposite directions relative to the main wind rotor; the main wind rotor is arranged in a downwind rotating structure; the blades of the main wind rotor sweep The wind area is set to 2-5 times the sweeping area of the blades of the auxiliary wind rotor; the structure of the main and auxiliary wind rotor pitch adjustment mechanisms is the same, and it is composed of a pitch servo mechanism and a pitch control device. The device is connected with the pitch servo mechanism through the pitch control device in such a way that the speed of the main wind wheel and the auxiliary wind wheel is adjusted according to the detected pitch angle change; the main wind wheel and the auxiliary wind wheel are respectively equipped with an auxiliary wind wheel Pitch angle measuring device, main wind rotor pitch angle measuring device;

The aforementioned variable speed constant frequency excitation control system, wherein: the permanent magnets of the wind generator are arranged in groups, and the number of pole pairs matches the number of pole pairs of the inner rotor of the exciter; the yoke of the permanent magnet of the device is arranged on the permanent magnet outer rotor Inside the casing; the pitch adjustment mechanism of the main and auxiliary wind rotors is driven by a servo motor; the pitch servo mechanism and the centralized control device of the unit form an electrical system that can adjust the speed of the main wind rotor and the auxiliary wind rotor according to the change of the pitch angle. coupling.

The aforementioned variable-speed constant-frequency excitation control system, wherein: the sweeping area of the blades of the main wind rotor of the wind generator is about three times the sweeping area of the blades of the auxiliary wind rotor, and the sweeping area is the area formed by the rotation of the wind rotor The main wind rotor rotates in the downwind direction, and the auxiliary wind rotor rotates in the upwind direction in the opposite direction; there is a preset distance between the auxiliary wind rotor and the exciter to avoid the collision between the auxiliary wind rotor and the tower; the centralized control of the brake and the unit The device is electrically connected in an electrical way that can start to work when the secondary wind rotor speed is 0.

The aforementioned variable-speed constant-frequency excitation control system, wherein: the number of pole pairs Pg of the stator winding is set to be greater than the number of pole pairs Pe of the permanent magnet outer rotor, and the main wind wheel arranged on the main drive shaft has a relative The stator with Pg pole pairs rotates at Nzr speed, and the speed of the main wind rotor satisfies the following relational configuration:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Nzr</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 60</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; fg</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; fe</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Pg</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Pe</span>}}$

Among them: Nzr represents the speed of the main wind rotor; Pg represents the number of pole pairs of the stator winding; Pe represents the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet outer rotor; fg represents the frequency of the stator; fe represents the converted frequency of the permanent magnet external rotor; the number of pole pairs of the stator winding can be is 3 times the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet outer rotor; the number of pole pairs of the inner rotor winding of the exciter is set to be the opposite pole of Pe; the number of pole pairs of the rotor winding of the generator is set to be the pair of poles of Pg; the inner rotor of the exciter The winding and the generator rotor winding are connected in reverse phase sequence through the connecting wire between the rotors; the auxiliary wind wheel of the wind generator is arranged on the auxiliary transmission shaft, and the auxiliary wind wheel drives the permanent magnet outer rotor to rotate at Ne speed, and the permanent magnet outer rotor is converted into The frequency satisfies the following relationship:

$\mathrm{fe}=\frac{\mathrm{Ne}\&times;\mathrm{Pe}}{60}$ Among them: Ne represents the relative speed of the auxiliary wind wheel to the stator;

A permanent magnet outer rotor with a Pe pole logarithm is arranged on the auxiliary drive shaft to rotate in reverse with respect to the main wind wheel at the speed of Nzre. The rotational speed of the permanent magnet outer rotor relative to the inner rotor of the exciter satisfies the following relationship:

Nzre=Nzr+Ne

Wherein: Nzre represents the rotating speed of the permanent magnet outer rotor relative to the exciter inner rotor; the main and auxiliary transmission shafts have hollow through holes with preset diameters, and the transmission shafts are configured by the bearings on the generator and the exciter. Bearing support.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant advantages and beneficial effects. It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has at least the following advantages under the excellent structural configuration:

The present invention does not need to configure a power converter with complex power, effectively simplifies the structure of the unit, improves the operating efficiency and reliability of the unit, and reduces the cost of the control system. There is a slight increase, but the larger wind rotor is used to generate electricity, and the smaller wind rotor adjusts the excitation frequency and generates electricity, which effectively improves the utilization rate of wind energy, which is 10%-15% higher than that of conventional single-wheel wind turbines. ;

This case adopts the double-rotor structure of the brushless double-fed motor rotor and the rotating permanent magnet outer rotor to realize the variable-speed constant-frequency excitation operation of the unit, which is equivalent to reducing the number of pole pairs of a single-rotor generator with the same capacity by at least 1/3, thereby shortening the diameter of the generator and facilitating equipment. Transport and reduce the weight of the unit; the configuration of the double wind rotor structure and the configuration of the yaw mechanism in this case make the yaw control of the unit simpler and more reliable;

The unit in this case can realize variable speed constant frequency operation and variable pitch adjustment. The double wind turbine generator set in this case has greatly improved wind energy utilization rate compared with single wind turbine variable speed constant frequency unit. It has no gearbox, can realize direct drive, and has no slippage. There is no need for large-capacity converters, and the reliability of the unit is greatly improved; compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant contributions and progress, and is indeed a novel, creative, and practical good technology.

The specific embodiment of the present invention is given in detail by the following examples and accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a wind motor in the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the field winding wiring structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the variable-speed constant-frequency excitation control system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a working principle block diagram of the variable-speed constant-frequency excitation control system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation, structure, features and effects provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-4, a dual-rotor variable-speed constant-frequency wind motor M includes a generator body 1 fixed on a base 10, a generator stator 16 fixed in a motor casing 111, and a generator rotor 14 passing through The main transmission shaft 13 is configured to rotate relative to the stator 16, wherein,

The exciter 4 is coaxially installed in the casing through the main transmission shaft and the main body of the generator; the permanent magnet 43 is installed on the yoke 42 in the permanent magnet outer rotor housing 410 to form the permanent magnet outer rotor 41 of the exciter. The permanent magnet outer rotor is set in a structure that is relatively rotating with the exciter inner rotor 45 through the connecting piece 46; the permanent magnets 43 are arranged in groups according to the known technology, and the number of pole pairs is the same as the number of pole pairs of the exciter inner rotor. Matching; the permanent magnet outer rotor is configured to rotate relative to the inner rotor of the exciter and rotate relative to the stator of the generator;

The auxiliary drive shaft 12 is coaxially connected with the main drive shaft 13; the main and auxiliary drive shafts have a hollow through hole 130 with a preset diameter, so that the transmission shaft of a large generator set is lighter in weight under the condition of meeting the technical requirements, thereby To reduce the weight of the body, the transmission shaft is supported by the bearings 115, 116 arranged on the generator and the bearings 147, 148 on the exciter; thus, the generator rotor and the inner rotor of the exciter coaxial with the rotor form a generator The tandem rotor structure and the permanent magnet outer rotor form a double-rotor structure, so that the unit can achieve variable speed and constant frequency operation, which is equivalent to reducing the number of pole pairs of a single-rotor generator with the same capacity by at least 1/3, so the diameter of the generator can be shortened, and further Reduce the weight of the motor;

Through the known technology, the auxiliary transmission shaft 12 driven by the auxiliary wind wheel and the main transmission shaft 13 driven by the main wind wheel are coaxially installed in a mutually rotatable connection mode, and the power of the auxiliary wind wheel is transferred by the auxiliary transmission shaft. transmitted to the permanent magnet outer rotor;

The auxiliary wind wheel 2 is installed in the shaft body end of the auxiliary drive shaft 12 in the opposite direction relative to the main wind wheel. The auxiliary wind wheel is installed in the upwind direction of the F2 direction through its hub 21 according to the known technology. The auxiliary wind wheel and the excitation There is a preset distance L between the wind turbines to avoid the collision between the auxiliary wind rotor and the tower, and the reserved distance between the auxiliary wind rotor and the tower can be determined by the elevation angle of the main wind rotor; the main wind rotor 3 is assembled on the main drive At the end of the shaft 13, the main wind wheel is arranged in a leeward rotation structure in the direction of F3 through its hub 31 with known technology.

A variable-speed constant-frequency excitation control system, including the aforementioned wind motor M, wherein the main wind wheel 3 of the wind motor is arranged on the main transmission shaft, and rotates at Nzr speed relative to the stator 16 with Pg pole logarithm under the action of wind force, And the speed of the main wind rotor satisfies the following relationship:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Nzr</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 60</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; fg</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; fe</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Pg</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Pe</span>}}$

Among them: Nzr represents the speed of the main wind rotor; Pg represents the number of pole pairs of the stator winding; Pe represents the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet outer rotor 41; fg represents the frequency of the stator; fe represents the converted frequency of the permanent magnet external rotor;

The number of pole pairs of the windings of the inner rotor 45 of the exciter is set to be the opposite poles of Pe; the number of pole pairs of the windings of the generator rotor 14 is set to be the pair of poles of Pg; the inner rotor windings of the exciter and the generator rotor windings are connected through the rotor Line 123 is connected in anti-phase sequence;

The number of pole pairs Pg of the stator winding is set to be greater than the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet outer rotor Pe, and the number of pole pairs of the stator winding can be 3 times the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet outer rotor;

The auxiliary wind rotor 2 of the wind generator is arranged on the auxiliary transmission shaft, and the auxiliary wind rotor drives the permanent magnet outer rotor to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the main wind rotor at Ne speed, and the converted frequency of the permanent magnet outer rotor satisfies the following relationship:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; fe</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Ne</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Pe</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 60</span>}}$

Among them: Ne represents the relative speed of the auxiliary wind wheel to the stator

A permanent magnet outer rotor with a Pe pole logarithm that rotates relatively at the Nzre speed is arranged on the auxiliary drive shaft. The rotational speed of the permanent magnet outer rotor relative to the exciter inner rotor satisfies the following relationship:

Nzre=Nzr+Ne

Among them: Nzre represents the rotation speed of the permanent magnet outer rotor relative to the inner rotor of the exciter;

The above-mentioned main and auxiliary wind wheels are provided with the main wind wheel speed measuring device G and the auxiliary wind wheel speed measuring device G1, which can transmit the signal of the speed to the unit centralized control device 5, and the wind speed measured through the port D1 connected to the wind speed detection device and the wind rotor speed measured by the speed measuring device are transmitted to the unit centralized control device 5; the unit centralized control device is connected with the yaw controller 6 to control the downwind rotation of the main wind rotor, and the yaw controller 6 can be installed under the base the cabin interior 101;

The hub parts of the main wind rotor and the auxiliary wind rotor are respectively equipped with a main wind rotor pitch adjustment mechanism 38 and an auxiliary wind rotor pitch adjustment mechanism 28 for adjusting the pitch angle. The pitch adjustment mechanism is electrically connected with the unit centralized control device 5, and the unit centralized control device 5 issues a pitch change command to the main wind rotor pitch adjustment mechanism 38; the main wind rotor and the auxiliary wind rotor are respectively equipped with auxiliary wind rotor blades Pitch angle measurement device G28, main wind rotor pitch angle measurement device G38;

The main and auxiliary wind wheel pitch adjustment mechanisms have the same structure, which consists of pitch servo mechanisms 381, 281 driven by servo motors M38, M28 and pitch control devices 382, 282. The pitch control devices 382, 282 are connected with the pitch servo mechanisms 381, 281 driven by the servo motors M38, M28; the pitch servo mechanisms are controlled by the unit centralized control device 5 according to the detected changes in the pitch angle of the main wind rotor. and the speed adjustment of the auxiliary wind rotor to realize the downwind rotation of the main wind rotor, while the upwind direction of the auxiliary wind rotor rotates in the opposite direction; the brake 15 is arranged between the generator end cover and the hub of the auxiliary wind rotor;

Connect the grid-connected control device 7 and the step-up transformer 8 in sequence at the voltage output end of the generator, and then connect with the external power grid W; between the grid-connected control device and the step-up transformer, arrange in turn a power grid connected with the unit centralized control device 5 The output voltage measurement device G4, the output current detection device G3 connected with the unit centralized control device, and the grid frequency detection device G2 connected with the unit centralized control device; the unit centralized control device is arranged between the generator M and the grid-connected control device The connected no-load detection device G5; the unit centralized control device also has a port D1 connected with the wind speed detection device (not shown), a port D2 connected with the wind direction detection device (not shown), and a port D3 for data transmission with the upper computer The main and auxiliary wind rotor blades are installed on the wind rotor hub in a known technical manner, and the sweeping area of the main wind rotor blades is 2-5 times greater than the blade sweeping area of the auxiliary wind rotors, especially the main wind rotor blades The sweeping area is preferably about 3 times the sweeping area of the blades of the secondary wind rotor, and the sweeping area is the area formed by the rotation of the wind rotor;

The output current of the generator measured by the output current detection device G3 and the output voltage of the generator measured by the output voltage measurement device G4 are transmitted to the unit centralized control device 5, and the output power of the generator calculated by the unit centralized control device 5 is The value is compared with the preset rated power value; under the set conditions, the unit centralized control device 5 collects the wind speed measured by the connection port D1 of the wind speed detection device and the rated speed of the main wind wheel measured by the speed measurement device G Calculate the adjustment value of the pitch angle of the rated speed of the main wind rotor at this wind speed, and then compare it with the pitch angle value collected by the main wind rotor pitch angle measuring device G38, and the 5 pairs of the main wind rotor change by the unit centralized control device The pitch adjustment mechanism 38 issues a pitch change command; thus, the main wind wheel can be operated at a constant power to prevent the generator from being overloaded;

When the series permanent-magnet variable-speed constant-frequency excitation double-rotor wind generator is connected to the grid and the speed of the main wind rotor is between the preset rated speed and the minimum speed, the auxiliary wind rotor is adjusted relative to the main wind turbine according to the preset conditions under the adjustment of the centralized control device 5 of the unit. The wind rotor rotates in the opposite direction, and the frequency of the stator voltage of the generator is always 50Hz through this speed change;

To sum up, in the wind turbine with double wind rotor mechanism, the main wind rotor with larger diameter is used for power generation, and the auxiliary wind rotor with smaller diameter is used for adjusting the excitation frequency and generating power. The two rotate on the same axis and in opposite directions. , the yaw controller is responsible for controlling the downwind rotation of the main wind rotor, the main power generation; the reverse rotation of the auxiliary wind rotor upwind direction, auxiliary power generation, greatly improving efficiency.

The configuration of the voltage output terminal grid-connected control device of the generator can limit the output voltage of the generator, soft grid-connected after the same period, and soft cracking when shutting down, which can effectively reduce the impact of grid-connected reactive current and ensure the safety of the unit running; when the generator reaches the rated output power, the unit power factor is controlled to run around cosθ=1; when the generator output active power is small, the unit outputs inductive reactive power with cosθ<1; when the generator speed is lower than the rated minimum When the speed or output power of the generator is higher than the maximum output power, the generator is disconnected from the grid, and the soft disconnection is completed through the configuration of the grid-connected control device.

Variable speed constant frequency excitation control method:

1. The main wind wheel 3 is arranged on the main drive shaft 13 to rotate at Nzr speed relative to the stator 16 with Pg pole logarithm under the action of wind force, and the speed of the main wind wheel satisfies the following relationship:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Nzr</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 60</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; fg</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; fe</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Pg</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Pe</span>}}$

Among them: Nzr represents the speed of the main wind rotor; Pg represents the number of pole pairs of the stator winding; Pe represents the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet outer rotor 41; fg represents the frequency of the stator; fe represents the converted frequency of the permanent magnet external rotor;

2. The auxiliary wind wheel arranged at the end of the auxiliary drive shaft 12 drives the permanent magnet outer rotor to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the main wind wheel at Ne speed, and the converted frequency of the permanent magnet outer rotor satisfies the following relationship:

$\mathrm{fe}=\frac{\mathrm{Ne}\&times;\mathrm{Pe}}{60}$ Among them: Ne represents the relative speed of the auxiliary wind wheel to the stator

3. A permanent magnet outer rotor with a Pe pole logarithm that rotates at the speed of Nzre is arranged on the auxiliary transmission shaft. The rotational speed of the permanent magnet outer rotor relative to the excitation inner rotor satisfies the following relational formula: Nzre=Nzr+Ne

Among them: Nzre represents the rotation speed of the permanent magnet outer rotor relative to the inner rotor of the exciter

4. The number of pole pairs of the windings of the inner rotor 45 of the exciter is set as the opposite poles of Pe; the number of pole pairs of the windings of the generator rotor 14 is set as the pair of poles of Pg; the inner rotor windings of the exciter and the generator rotor windings pass through the rotor The connecting line 123 is connected in reverse phase sequence;

5. The wind speed measured by the port D1 connected with the wind speed detection device and the speed of the main wind rotor measured by the speed measurement device G are transmitted to the unit centralized control device 5. When the main wind rotor is lower than the rated speed, the unit centralized control device performs main control. The value of the tip speed ratio of the wind rotor is compared with the value of the tip speed ratio of the main wind rotor preset by the centralized control device of the unit, and the adjustment value of the pitch angle is calculated, and then compared with the main wind rotor pitch angle measurement device G38 The collected pitch angle values are compared, and the centralized control device 5 of the unit sends a pitch change command to the pitch adjustment mechanism 38 of the main wind rotor; thus, the main wind rotor can be operated at its optimum tip speed ratio below the rated speed , to achieve the purpose of making full use of wind energy;

When the main wind rotor reaches the rated speed, the output current of the generator measured by the output current detection device G3 and the output voltage of the generator measured by the output voltage measurement device G4 are transmitted to the unit centralized control device 5, and the unit centralized control The generator output power value calculated by the device is compared with the preset rated power value; when the preset value is met, the unit centralized control device 5 will collect the wind speed measured by the port D1 connected to the wind speed detection device and pass the speed measurement The rated rotational speed of the main wind rotor measured by the device G is used to calculate the adjustment value of the pitch angle of the rated rotational speed of the main wind rotor at this wind speed, and then compared with the pitch angle value collected by the main wind rotor pitch angle measuring device G38. The unit centralized control device 5 issues a pitch command to the main wind rotor pitch adjustment mechanism 38; thus, the main wind rotor can be operated at a constant power to prevent the generator from being overloaded;

6. The wind speed measured by the port D1 connected to the wind speed detection device, and the auxiliary wind rotor speed measured by the auxiliary wind rotor speed measuring device G1 are transmitted to the unit centralized control device 5; when the main wind rotor is lower than the rated speed, the unit The centralized control device 5 collects the frequency value of the grid frequency detection device G2 and compares it with the generator output voltage frequency value calculated at the rotation speed of the auxiliary wind rotor, calculates the adjustment value of the pitch angle of the auxiliary wind rotor at the rotation speed, and then compares it with the auxiliary wind rotor The pitch angle values collected by the wind rotor pitch angle measuring device G28 are compared, and the unit centralized control device 5 issues a pitch change command to the auxiliary wind rotor pitch adjustment mechanism 28; the unit centralized control device 5 according to $\mathrm{Nzr}=\frac{60\&times;(\mathrm{fg}-\mathrm{fe})}{\mathrm{Pg}+\mathrm{Pe}}$ Relational expression for variable speed control, so that the generator keeps running at a constant frequency of 50Hz below the rated speed; The rated speed of the wheel is transmitted to the unit centralized control device 5. When the main wind rotor reaches the rated speed, the unit centralized control device 5 collects the frequency value of the grid frequency detection device G2 and compares the value of the generator output voltage frequency calculated at the rated speed of the auxiliary wind rotor. , calculate the adjustment value of the pitch angle of the auxiliary wind rotor at this wind speed, and then compare it with the pitch angle value collected by the auxiliary wind rotor pitch angle measurement device G28, and adjust the pitch of the 5 pairs of auxiliary wind rotors in the unit centralized control device Mechanism 28 issues a pitch change command; keeps the generator running at a constant frequency of 50 Hz at rated speed; takes the output voltage frequency of the generator as the adjustment target, and limits the stator frequency fg by adjusting the pitch angle of the auxiliary wind wheel to control the speed of the auxiliary wind wheel as 50Hz, the static fe of the permanent magnet outer rotor is regarded as 0;

7. The number of pole pairs Pg of the stator winding is set to be greater than the number of pole pairs Pe of the permanent magnet outer rotor, and the number of pole pairs of the stator winding can be three times the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet outer rotor.

Therefore, the two rotor windings connected in series during operation have the same current frequency and rotating magnetic fields in opposite directions, and the rotation speed Nzre of the excitation magnetic field of the generator rotor winding relative to the series connection rotor is superimposed and coordinated with the mechanical rotation speed Nzr of the main wind rotor shaft, always forming Synchronous excitation magnetic field, the synchronous magnetic field generates a 50Hz potential in the stator winding with Pg opposite poles, realizing the variable speed constant frequency excitation operation of the generator set.

8. The main wind rotor assembled on the transmission shaft 13 and the auxiliary wind rotor 2 assembled on the auxiliary transmission shaft are arranged in relative reverse rotation through the relative opposite direction adjustment of the blade pitch angle.

9. When the speed of the main wind rotor is between the preset rated speed and the minimum speed, the auxiliary wind rotor rotates in the opposite direction according to the preset law under the adjustment of the centralized control device 5 of the unit, forming a change that keeps the generator stator voltage frequency at 50Hz all the time Rotational speed; when the speed of the main wind rotor reaches 1.2-1.5 times of the rated speed, and at the same time the speed of the auxiliary wind rotor reaches the minimum speed of 0 speed, the brake 15 starts; that is, when the speed of the main wind rotor reaches the rated minimum speed, the auxiliary wind rotor reverses The speed reaches the highest, and the unit can realize variable speed and constant frequency operation.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. double-rotor variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine, comprise generator unit stator (16) and the generator amature (14) that is rotary configured setting by final drive shaft (13) transmission, relative this stator (16) in the generator main body, it is characterized in that exciter (4) is by the final drive shaft and the coaxial string dress of generator main body of device main air wheel (3); The yoke (42) that permanent magnet (43) is located at permanent-magnetic outer rotor goes up the permanent-magnetic outer rotor (41) that constitutes exciter; This permanent-magnetic outer rotor is to be the structure setting that counterrotating structure and this permanent-magnetic outer rotor are relative generator unit stator rotation with exciter internal rotor (45); Described secondary wind wheel be can drive permanent-magnetic outer rotor constructing apparatus on counter drive shaft; Described counter drive shaft by secondary wind wheel transmission (12) becomes the coaxial connection of the mode that can rotate mutually with the final drive shaft (13) of taking turns transmission by main air.

2. double-rotor variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described secondary wind wheel (2) is with the drive structure configuration of relative main air wheel reverse rotation; Described secondary wind wheel is the setting of upwind rotational structure; The main air wheel is wind direction rotational structure setting down.

3. double-rotor variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described permanent magnet (43) becomes configuration set, its number of pole-pairs and exciter internal rotor number of pole-pairs coupling; The yoke (42) of described device permanent magnet (43) is arranged in the permanent-magnetic outer rotor housing (410).

4. double-rotor variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, leaves the default spacing (L) of avoiding secondary wind wheel and tower collision between described secondary wind wheel and the exciter.

5. double-rotor variable speed constant frequency wind-powered electricity generation machine as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described major and minor power transmission shaft all has the hollow via-hole (130) of preset diameters, and this power transmission shaft supports by the bearing (115,116) and the bearing (147,148) on the exciter that are configured on the generator.

6. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system, comprise wind-powered electricity generation machine (M), it is characterized in that, in the described wind-powered electricity generation machine (M), generator unit stator (16) and the generator amature (14) that is rotary configured setting by final drive shaft (13) transmission, relative this stator (16), exciter (4) is by the final drive shaft and the coaxial string dress of generator main body of device main air wheel (3); The yoke (42) that permanent magnet (43) is located at permanent-magnetic outer rotor goes up the permanent-magnetic outer rotor (41) that constitutes exciter; This permanent-magnetic outer rotor is to be the structure setting that counterrotating structure and this permanent-magnetic outer rotor are relative generator unit stator rotation with exciter internal rotor (45); Described secondary wind wheel be can drive permanent-magnetic outer rotor constructing apparatus on counter drive shaft; Described counter drive shaft by secondary wind wheel transmission (12) becomes the coaxial connection of the mode that can rotate mutually with the final drive shaft (13) of taking turns transmission by main air;

Main air wheel speed measurement mechanism (G), the secondary wind speed round measurement mechanism (G1) that the signal of rotating speed can be sent to unit centralized control equipment (5) is set on the aforesaid major and minor wind wheel;

The unit centralized control equipment have the port (D1) that connects with wind speed checkout gear (not shown), with wind direction checkout gear (not shown) connect port (D2), with the port (D3) of host computer transmission data;

Yawer (6) connects with the mode of unit centralized control equipment with wind direction rotation under the control main air wheel; Described main air is taken turns main air wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism (38), the secondary wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism (28) with secondary wind wheel difference configuration adjustment propeller pitch angle, and described major and minor wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism and unit centralized control equipment (5) all connect in the mode of control wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism change oar;

Connect successively at the voltage output end of generator can be limited generator output voltage, with after date softly be incorporated into the power networks, the grid-connection control device (7) and the step-up transformer (8) of soft parallel off when shutting down, connect with external power grid again; Between grid-connection control device and step-up transformer successively the output voltage measurement mechanism (G4) that connects of configuration and unit centralized control equipment, the detecting device for output current (G3) that connects with the unit centralized control equipment, and with the mains frequency checkout gear (G2) of unit centralized control equipment connection; The unloaded checkout gear (G5) that configuration and unit centralized control equipment connect between generator (M) and grid-connection control device.

7. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: the secondary wind wheel (2) of described wind-powered electricity generation machine (M) is with the drive structure configuration of relative main air wheel reverse rotation; The main air wheel is wind direction rotational structure setting down; The blade wind sweeping area of described main air wheel is set to blade wind sweeping area 2-5 times of secondary wind wheel;

Described major and minor wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism structure is identical, it is made up of change oar servomechanism (381,281) and change oar control device (382,282), and described unit centralized control equipment connects with the mode that change oar servomechanism (381,281) is according to detected propeller pitch angle variation carrying out main air is taken turns and secondary wind speed round is regulated by becoming the oar control device; Dispose secondary wind wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism (G28), main air wheel propeller pitch angle measurement mechanism (G38) in described main air wheel and the secondary wind wheel respectively;

8. as claim 6 or 7 described variable speed constant frequency excitation control systems, it is characterized in that the permanent magnet (43) of described wind-powered electricity generation machine (M) becomes configuration set, its number of pole-pairs and exciter internal rotor number of pole-pairs coupling; The yoke (42) of described device permanent magnet (43) is arranged in the permanent-magnetic outer rotor housing (410); Major and minor wind wheel variable propeller pitch adjusting mechanism is driven by servomotor (M38, M28); This change oar servomechanism and unit centralized control equipment are and can carry out the electric connection of mode of rotational speed regulation to main air wheel and secondary wind wheel according to the variation of propeller pitch angle.

9. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, the main air impeller blade wind sweeping area of described wind-powered electricity generation machine (M) is 3 times of blade wind sweeping area of secondary wind wheel approximately, and described wind sweeping area is the area that the wind wheel rotation forms; The wind direction rotation down of described main air wheel, the reverse rotation of secondary wind wheel upwind; Leave the default spacing (L) of avoiding secondary wind wheel and tower collision between described secondary wind wheel and the exciter; Brake (15) connects with the electric means that can start work when secondary wind speed round is 0 with the unit centralized control equipment.

10. variable speed constant frequency excitation control system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described stator winding number of pole-pairs Pg is set to greater than permanent-magnetic outer rotor number of pole-pairs Pe, the described main air wheel (3) that is configured on the final drive shaft, the stator (16) that has the Pg number of pole-pairs under the wind-force effect relatively is with the rotation of Nzr speed, and the main air wheel speed satisfies following relational expression configuration: $\mathrm{Nzr}=\frac{60\&times;(\mathrm{fg}-\mathrm{fe})}{\mathrm{Pg}+\mathrm{Pe}}$

Wherein: Nzr represents the main air wheel speed; Pg represents the stator winding number of pole-pairs; Pe represents the number of pole-pairs of permanent-magnetic outer rotor (41); Pg represents stator frequency; Fe represents the permanent-magnetic outer rotor reduced frequency;

Described stator winding number of pole-pairs can be 3 times a permanent-magnetic outer rotor number of pole-pairs; Described exciter internal rotor (45) winding number of pole-pairs is set to Pe to the utmost point; Described generator amature (14) winding number of pole-pairs is set to Pg to the utmost point; Described exciter internal rotor winding is connected by connecting line between rotor (123) negative-phase sequence with the generator amature winding; The wind-powered electricity generation machine secondary wind wheel (2) be configured on the counter drive shaft, this pair wind wheel drives permanent-magnetic outer rotor with the rotation of Ne speed, and the permanent-magnetic outer rotor reduced frequency satisfies following relational expression:

$\mathrm{fe}=\frac{\mathrm{Ne}\&times;\mathrm{Pe}}{60}$ Wherein: Ne vice wind wheel relative stator rotating speed;

Be configured to the relative main air wheel of Nzre rotating speed permanent-magnetic outer rotor reverse rotation, that have the Pe number of pole-pairs on counter drive shaft, the rotating speed of the relative exciter internal rotor rotation of permanent-magnetic outer rotor satisfies following relational expression:

Nzre＝Nzr+Ne

Wherein: Nzre represents the rotating speed of the relative exciter internal rotor rotation of permanent-magnetic outer rotor;

Described major and minor power transmission shaft all has the hollow via-hole (130) of preset diameters, and this power transmission shaft supports by the bearing (115,116) and the bearing (147,148) on the exciter that are configured on the generator.

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