CN1971992A

CN1971992A - Air feed and cooling system of porton exchange film fuel battery

Info

Publication number: CN1971992A
Application number: CNA2006101143084A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王利生; 谢添; 张立芳; 史桂燕; 张黛
Original assignee: BEIJING FEICHI LUNENG POWER SUPPLY TECHN Co Ltd
Current assignee: BEIJING FEICHI LUNENG POWER SUPPLY TECHN Co Ltd
Priority date: 2006-11-03
Filing date: 2006-11-03
Publication date: 2007-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 2026-11-03
Also published as: CN100596345C

Abstract

This invention relates to proton exchange film fuel battery gas supply and cooling system in fuel battery technique field, which comprises outside axis wind motor and matched wind cover and imbedded open air guide tank, wherein, one set of battery is composed of two electrode boards with one as cathode board with A and B surface etched with air conductive tank in line shape; one side of electrode board passes other side with other as anode board with A surface etched with air conductive tank and with B surface etched with enclosed hydrogen air guide tank.

Description

One proton exchanging film fuel battery air feed and cooling system

Technical field

The invention belongs to the fuel cell technology field, a kind of air feed of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells efficiently and cooling system are provided especially.

Background technology

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is a kind of of fuel cell, is a kind of without burning, directly by electrochemical reaction the chemical energy of fuel (hydrogen) is changed into the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of electric energy.

In Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, a layer proton exchange membrane, H are arranged between anode and the negative electrode ⁺Promptly arrive negative electrode by proton exchange membrane from anode, and at negative electrode place and O ₂In conjunction with, generate hydrone (H ₂O).When the high-power output of battery, the current density of inside battery increases, and electrochemical reaction is strengthened, the water that cathode side generates also can correspondingly increase, on the one hand, and as untimely draining, negative electrode will be steeped by water logging, and normal electrochemical reaction is obstructed, and causes battery efficiency to reduce; On the other hand, the conversion of energy produces a large amount of heat, causes stack temperature sharply to rise, a large amount of water evaporations, and the proton exchange membrane dehydration causes the film properties variation, battery performance descends.

For the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of routine, generally provide high pressure air flow by air pressure pump, strengthen the gaseous diffusion ability, take excessive steam out of.Simultaneously, utilize water-cooling system to distribute the excessive heat that battery produces, keep the normal working temperature of battery.General water-cooling system comprises: water pump, storage tank, heating and temperature regulating device, and special-purpose water route flow-field plate or the like.

Thereby conventional Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells has following characteristics:

(1) by the external high pressure air supply system, improve reaction gas pressure, strengthen the gaseous diffusion ability, keep the water balance of pile;

(2), keep the heat balance of pile by outside water-cooling system;

The defective of these technology is: additional ancillary equipment has increased the complexity and the power consumption of whole system, has reduced the power density and the weight density of whole system, has improved the cost of system's operation, is unfavorable for promoting the use of of technology.

For normal pressure open (the air conducting groove communicates with atmosphere) Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, domestic research institution also made a few thing.The technology that document ZL 02279853.6 2002.11.25 adopts promptly is to place the bipolar plates of both sides to form Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells respectively with air conducting groove and hydrogen flow guide groove, the air conducting groove by a side of pole plate directly through opposite side, several fans in air intake and exit provide reaction required oxidant (air), the while cool batteries, its air conducting groove is a reaction channel, is again the cooling duct; In addition, change by the blowing of control panel control fan, air draught direction, thereby prolong water, keep water, the heat balance of battery in the time of staying of inside battery.The defective of this technology maximum is: the blowing of fan, air draught direction are exchanged needs extra control panel to realize, same increase the complexity of system, and extra power consumption.

Summary of the invention

The invention belongs to normal pressure open (the air conducting groove communicates with atmosphere) proton exchange film fuel battery system, its purpose is to simplify the air feed and the cooling system of traditional Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells complexity, increase the area of dissipation of battery, simultaneously, improve the utilance of gas.

External axial flow blower and supporting fan housing and the built-in free-air guiding gutter of comprising of the present invention.In the battery pack, one group of monocell is made up of two pole plates, and one is minus plate, and 10-100 bar air conducting groove all is carved with on A, B two sides, and this guiding gutter is shape linearly, by a side of pole plate directly through opposite side; Another piece is a positive plate, and the A face is carved with the 10-100 bar linear air conducting groove identical with minus plate A face, and the B face is carved with airtight hydrogen flow guide groove; During work, the B face anabolic reaction unit of the B face of minus plate and positive plate; The A face of yin, yang pole plate is formed cooling unit; After the stack of 2-80 group yin, yang pole plate, one side of whole battery group forms the air intake of reaction member and the air intake of cooling unit, opposite side forms air outlet slit separately, simultaneously, and in air outlet slit one side, use external axial flow blower, the fan housing of the even air guide of binding energy forms airtight relatively space in battery pack one side, the negative pressure of utilizing the blower fan air draught to produce, what make that air continues enters the reaction member and the cooling unit of battery respectively from air intake one side, satisfies needs separately.

Air conducting groove of the present invention is a linear, and is parallel to each other, and is spaced set.

Air conducting groove of the present invention is vertically uniformly-spaced setting, and at the upside formation air outlet slit of whole battery group, downside forms air intake.

The groove width of the unit guiding gutter of guiding gutter of the present invention is 1-3mm; Groove depth is 0.4-1.5mm; Rib is wide to be 0.5-3mm.

The present invention has overcome the defective in the conventional Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technology, it utilizes the air of normal pressure, participate in electrochemical reaction as oxidant, simultaneously again as coolant, be used for the heat radiation of battery itself, therefore, simplified the air feed and the cooling system of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells greatly, improve the power density and the weight density of whole system, reduced the cost of system's operation.

The present invention has also overcome the defective of existing normal pressure Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technology simultaneously, adopt reaction member and cooling unit split-type design, under the situation that guarantees reaction required air flow abundance, wide by groove width, groove depth, the rib of regulating the cooling unit guiding gutter, and the quantity of guiding gutter, the air mass flow of coming quantitative distributing shaft flow fan to provide, reduce air mass flow by the reaction air flue, prevent because air excess, and take away too much steam, keep the moistening of proton exchange membrane, and then keep mass transfer unobstructed, thereby keep the water balance of battery; Simultaneously, increase independent cooling unit, increased area of dissipation, promoted the heat balance of battery.

In the running of battery pack, the air conducting groove of reaction member and cooling unit all is vertically uniformly-spaced setting, and forms air outlet slit at the upside of whole battery group, and downside forms air intake.At upside air outlet slit place, use external axial flow blower, in conjunction with special fan housing, form airtight relatively space at the battery pack upside, the negative pressure of utilizing the blower fan air draught to produce, the air intake from the downside reaction member that air is continued enters reaction zone, keep the normal reaction of battery, and the heat that cell reaction produces is overflowed from the upside blower fan along with remaining air, simultaneously, a large amount of cold airs that continue enter inside battery from the air intake of downside cooling unit, after being heated, under the effect of blower fan, also from upside blower fan ease place.In whole process, cold air has been taken away a large amount of heat, thereby has been played the effect of heat radiation by reaction member and the bigger contact-making surface of cooling unit, has promoted the heat balance of battery.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells air feed and cooling system efficiently among the present invention.Wherein, upper strata 1, middle level 2, lower floor 3.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of proton exchange membrane electrode among the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of minus plate cooling unit air conducting groove among the present invention.Wherein, A _CLinear air conducting groove for cooling unit;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of minus plate reaction member air conducting groove among the present invention.Wherein, B _CBe the linear air conducting groove of reaction member, and guiding gutter by a side of pole plate directly through opposite side;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of positive plate cooling unit air conducting groove among the present invention.Wherein, A _C' be the linear air conducting groove of cooling unit, and by a side of pole plate directly through opposite side;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of positive plate reaction member hydrogen flow guide groove among the present invention.Wherein, B _C' be the snakelike hydrogen flow guide groove of reaction member;

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of proton exchange film fuel battery system that utilizes above-mentioned art designs, this system is divided into three layers, and upper strata 1 is an axial flow blower, and intermediate layer 2 is a fan housing, and lower floor 3 is the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells group.

Upper strata 1 is two axial flow blowers, be of a size of 80 * 80 separately (mm * mm).

Intermediate layer 2 is transparent plastics fan housing, is used for fixing axial flow blower, and forms airtight relatively space at the battery upside.

Lower floor 3 is that its internal structure of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells group is shown in Fig. 2～6.Wherein Fig. 2 is a proton exchange membrane electrode; Fig. 3,4 is A, the B two sides of minus plate, and A face Ac is the linear air conducting groove of cooling unit, and B face Bc is the linear air conducting groove of reaction member, and guiding gutter by a side of pole plate directly through opposite side; Fig. 5,6 is A, the B two sides of positive plate, and A face Ac ' is the linear air conducting groove of cooling unit, and is identical with Ac, and B face Bc ' is the snakelike hydrogen flow guide groove of reaction member, guiding gutter Ac ' also by a side of pole plate directly through opposite side; This Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells group is made up of 40 electrodes and each 40 on yin, yang pole plate altogether, the length of every pole plate and the wide 100mm that is respectively, and with 60mm, battery pack length is 220mm.

The rated operational current of this battery pack is about 9A, and output voltage is 24V, and power output is 216W, adopts two axial flow blowers in upper strata, upwards air draught, and for battery pack provides reaction and cooling required air, battery temperature is stabilized in 40 ℃～50 ℃.

Claims

1. a proton exchanging film fuel battery air feed and a cooling system comprises external axial flow blower and supporting fan housing and built-in free-air guiding gutter; It is characterized in that: in the battery pack, one group of monocell is made up of two pole plates, and one is minus plate, and 10-100 bar air conducting groove all is carved with on A, B two sides, and this guiding gutter is shape linearly, by a side of pole plate directly through opposite side; Another piece is a positive plate, and the A face is carved with the 10-100 bar linear air conducting groove identical with minus plate A face, and the B face is carved with airtight hydrogen flow guide groove; During work, the B face anabolic reaction unit of the B face of minus plate and positive plate; The A face of yin, yang pole plate is formed cooling unit; After the stack of 2-80 group yin, yang pole plate, one side of whole battery group forms the air intake of reaction member and the air intake of cooling unit, opposite side forms air outlet slit separately, simultaneously, and in air outlet slit one side, use external axial flow blower, the fan housing of the even air guide of binding energy forms airtight relatively space in battery pack one side, the negative pressure of utilizing the blower fan air draught to produce, what make that air continues enters the reaction member and the cooling unit of battery respectively from air intake one side, satisfies needs separately.

2. by the described system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air conducting groove is a linear, and is parallel to each other, and is spaced set.

3. by claim 1,2 described systems, it is characterized in that: described air conducting groove is vertically uniformly-spaced setting, and at the upside formation air outlet slit of whole battery group, downside forms air intake.

4, by the described system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the groove width of the unit guiding gutter of described guiding gutter is 1-3mm; Groove depth is 0.4-1.5mm; Rib is wide to be 0.5-3mm.