CN1954937A - Casting method of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set - Google Patents

Casting method of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1954937A
CN1954937A CN 200510031089 CN200510031089A CN1954937A CN 1954937 A CN1954937 A CN 1954937A CN 200510031089 CN200510031089 CN 200510031089 CN 200510031089 A CN200510031089 A CN 200510031089A CN 1954937 A CN1954937 A CN 1954937A
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China
Prior art keywords
temperature
hours
vanadium
shaping
steam turbine
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CN 200510031089
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CN1954937B (en
Inventor
陈德明
王志刚
常忠义
俞正江
徐伟平
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Shanghai Heavy-duty Machine Metallurgical Casting Factory
Shanghai Heavy Machinery Plant Co Ltd
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Shanghai Heavy-Duty Machine Metallurgical Casting Factory
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Publication of CN1954937A publication Critical patent/CN1954937A/en
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Publication of CN1954937B publication Critical patent/CN1954937B/en
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Abstract

A technology for casting the V-contained cylinder of turbine used for supercritical unit includes such steps as making wood mould, designing internal pouring head, pouring, cutting off shrinkage head, heat treating, finishing and sand blasting, removing defects, and repairing by welding.

Description

A kind of casting method of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of casting method of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set.
Background technology
Steam turbine cylinder is the large-scale key components and parts of Steam Turbine, contain the general relatively low-alloy steel cylinder block of vanadium cylinder block, has higher heat resistance, pressure, temperature transition ability with stronger high, medium and low cylinder body, can satisfy the transformation and the upgrading of steam turbine unit, satisfy Power Plant and rise to postcritical trend from subcritical.
Contain vanadium steel water and easily generate oxide-film, reduce molten steel flow, and produce the difficulty of feeding, can't satisfy the requirement of foundry goods with general smelting process to molten steel, the vanadium-containing steel poor thermal conductivity, so unsuitable soldering, the process for welding repair and the soldering flow process of general steel grade and steel alloy also are very not suitable.
Cylinder block will carry out 100% magnetic powder inspection, and standard is JB/T7024-93; Cylinder block will carry out 100% ultrasonic examination, standard is IPSNDT106 the 5th edition " ultrasound examination of ferrite steel-casting ", and the wall thickness of cylinder body is measured in requirement by 150 * 150 lattice, the upper deviation of wall thickness is 0.6 times of tolerance value, and lower deviation is 0.4 times (tolerance range is constant) of tolerance value.Dimensional tolerance is pressed the CT14 level of GB6414 and is checked and accepted.
The wall thickness great disparity has also increased the tendentiousness of crackle, and waistband is many, boss is many, wayward size, so should adopt specific method to solve.
In a word, for containing the vanadium cylinder, should take comprehensive, specific technology to make successfully.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of casting method of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set, makes this kind cylinder body at the various requirement that can reach the technical conditions defined qualitatively, and emphasis is to guarantee that casting dimension is accurate, reduces the cleaning work amount; Reduce appearance and underbead crack tendentiousness; And the soldering difficult problem that solves crackle.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme of the casting method of a kind of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set of the present invention is to comprise the steps:
(1) make wooden model, its timber makes its water content less than 10% through overbaking;
(2) make special-purpose ingate: this ingate is made of fireclay refractory, this ingate is shaped as cuboid and transits to cylindrical complex, the cuboid cross section is 40 * 120 millimeters, the cylinder cross section is 68 millimeters of , total length is the 150-200 millimeter, the cuboid one side of this ingate contacts with the casing wall of cylinder body, and the cylinder one side is connected with running gate system;
Parameter: runner gate/ingate cross section=0.8;
Ingate width/casing wall thickness=0.8;
(3) pour into a mould, sand mo(u)ld must toast 24 hours through hot-blast stove before the cast, and the hot-blast stove air outlet temperature requires to be controlled at more than 100 ℃, and the hot-blast stove escape pipe is entered from the sand mo(u)ld bottom;
Pour into a mould and hung loose mud core crab broad in the middle in back 36 hours;
Pour into a mould and hung one of rising head volume in back 96 hours;
Pour into a mould and dug out rising head in back 120 hours and hang handle;
Pour into a mould and hung loose foundry goods in back 168 hours;
Pour into a mould and carried out shake out in back 300 hours;
(4) rising head cutting, the rising head cutting is carried out after rising head annealing, and cylinder block is after coming out of the stove, be placed on the cut place of wind sheltering immediately, evenly heat with many gas pipes all around, and cover asbestos cloth its cooling is slowed down, check oxygen, propane operating pressure before the cutting, oxygen pressure will be higher than 10 * 10 5N/m 2, propane pressure will be higher than 0.6 * 10 5N/m 2, the cutting of rising head is carried out when cylinder body remains on 200-300 ℃; Cutting is in time advanced stove after finishing, and in the time of waiting for stove, still will heat with coal gas, and be incubated with asbestos cloth;
(5) finished product heat treatment;
(6) finishing, shot-peening specifically comprise:
Carbon digs shaping, and after shaping was carried out foundry goods roughing with the carbon plane, split left allowance for finish, split marks the foundry goods outline line with plane shaping template, at first presses this outline line shaping at split, finishes internally type of back, with interior type plane is that benchmark is repaired, flange height around the finishing touch;
Involutory line, the following semi-involution of shaping not after the last half-sum roughing that shaping is finished, the waistband alignment, with bearings at both ends shelves benchmark, on second machined surfaces such as flange, appear again then first shape profile, after the first half is removed, to staying the line of appearing again on the Lower Half, proofread, repair with plane shaping model, as the foundation of the shaping on the Lower Half machined surface, dash the location to using sample with the line of determining, sample is not more than 25 millimeters towards the spacing of beating point, repair according to the position line that sample dashes, make it meet the drawing requirement.
Ball blast, polishing, the diameter of shot or shot should be above 2.5 millimeters.
(7) remove defective, bevel, after defective is removed, dig with carbon and to hold groove successfully, groove must be repaired with emery wheel, and the grinding degree should be greater than 1 millimeter, and use magnetic powder detection, guarantees that defective removes totally;
(8) foundry goods covers the preheat temperature 250-300 of foundry goods ℃ before the soldering, soldering with asbestos cloth, casting temperature is not less than 200 ℃ during soldering, should in time advance stove after soldering finishes, advance the stove process for the previous period in, should note the insulation of foundry goods, temperature is controlled at about 250 ℃.。
The present invention and like product relatively obviously improve casting quality; Reduced the generation of crackle; Shorten the production cycle of handling crackle, reduced production cost; Foundry goods technical management flow process behind the shake out is normalizing operation, especially soldering flow process.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Fig. 1 is an embodiment of the invention finished product Technology for Heating Processing schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is an embodiment of the invention process for welding repair flow chart;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the invention heat treatment schematic diagram that eliminates stress;
Fig. 4 position embodiment of the invention lower floor ingate schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
The casting method of a kind of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set of the present invention, concrete operations can be referring to following steps:
Make wooden model: the used timber water content of wooden model<10%, so timber must be through overbaking, to reduce the wooden model distortion.
Moulding: in the middle of falling during unsettled big mud core, model control big mud core around the location, control the height and position of big mud core with two panelgirders that are fixed on the big mud core arbor.
Make special-purpose ingate, as shown in Figure 4, this ingate is made of fireclay refractory, this ingate is shaped as cuboid and transits to cylindrical complex, the cuboid cross section is 40 * 120 millimeters, and the cylinder cross section is 68 millimeters of , and total length is the 150-200 millimeter, the cuboid one side of this ingate contacts with the casing wall of cylinder body, and the cylinder one side is connected with running gate system;
Parameter: runner gate/ingate cross section=0.8;
Ingate width/casing wall thickness=0.8;
Add rare earth in the smelting: adopt diameter 200, high 600 cylindrical vessel, only 0.5mm is thick for this container bottoms steel disc, the container that fills rare earth is sunk to ladle, bottom surface 0.5mm steel disc dissolves immediately, and rare earth just fuses into molten steel, and Argon makes it to stir simultaneously, field trash fully floats, and pours into a mould in the suitable time.
Cast: sand mo(u)ld must toast 24 hours through hot-blast stove before the cast, and the hot-blast stove air outlet temperature requires to be controlled at more than 100 ℃, and the hot-blast stove escape pipe is entered from the sand mo(u)ld bottom, to guarantee being heated of whole die cavity.
Foundry goods time of staying in sand mo(u)ld is before unpacking:
Pour into a mould and hung loose mud core crab broad in the middle in back 36 hours, shrink in order to foundry goods;
Pour into a mould and hung one of rising head volume in back 96 hours;
Pour into a mould and dug out rising head in back 120 hours and hang handle;
Pour into a mould and hung loose foundry goods in back 168 hours, to quicken the cooling velocity of each several part;
Pour into a mould and carried out shake out in back 300 hours.
Rising head cutting: the rising head cutting is being carried out after connecting rising head annealing, and cylinder block is placed on the cut place of wind sheltering immediately after coming out of the stove, and evenly heats with many gas pipes all around, and covers asbestos cloth its cooling is slowed down, inspection oxygen, propane operating pressure before the cutting.Oxygen pressure is lower than 10 * 10 5N/m 2, propane pressure is lower than 0.6 * 10 5N/m 2Can not cut, the cutting of rising head is carried out when cylinder body remains on 200-300 ℃.Cutting is in time advanced stove after finishing, and in the time of waiting for stove, still will heat with coal gas, and be incubated with asbestos cloth.
The finished product Technology for Heating Processing: its step can be increased to temperature between 1030 ℃ and 1050 ℃ with the speed smaller or equal to 60 ℃/H earlier referring to Fig. 1, keeps this temperature then 22 hours, with air-cooled temperature is reduced to 130 ℃ again; Use the speed of 60 ℃/H that temperature is increased to afterwards again and kept this temperature between 980 ℃ and 1000 ℃ then 22 hours, with air-cooled temperature is reduced to 130 ℃ again; Use the speed of 50 ℃/H that temperature is increased between 720 ℃ and 740 ℃ afterwards again, kept this temperature then 26 hours, use speed that temperature is reduced to 240 ℃ again smaller or equal to 50 ℃.The heat treatment shove charge should make split upwards, and three contact thermocouples are installed, to measure and the record casting temperature.
Finishing, shot-peening, it specifically comprises following three steps:
Carbon digs shaping: after shaping is carried out foundry goods roughing with the carbon plane, split leaves 6 millimeters allowance for finish, split marks the foundry goods outline line with plane shaping template, at first press this outline line shaping at split, finish internally type of back, with interior type plane is that benchmark is repaired, flange height around the finishing touch.All the other non-finished surface shapings should be placed on foundry goods on the flat board to be carried out, and the foundry goods fillet also needs to carry out shaping with model simultaneously, makes it meet the drawing requirement.
Involutory line: the following semi-involution of shaping not after the last half-sum roughing that shaping is finished, the waistband alignment, with bearings at both ends shelves benchmark, on second machined surfaces such as flange, appear again then first shape profile, after the first half is removed, to staying the line of appearing again on the Lower Half, proofread, repair with plane shaping model, foundation as the shaping on the Lower Half machined surface, dash the location to using sample with the line of determining, sample is not more than 25 millimeters towards the spacing of beating point, repairs according to the position line that sample dashes, and makes it meet the drawing requirement.
Ball blast, polishing: the main effect of ball blast is descaling and is attached to other foreign material on the cast(ing) surface, is to obtain comparatively smooth surface, and the diameter of shot or shot should be above 2.5 millimeters.Cast gate, rising head on the non-machined surface of foundry goods, drag cuttings such as pin, lacing wire and carbon to dig the polishing of its root portion.
Remove defective, bevel: step after this can be referring to Fig. 2, and casting defect is all dug with carbon in principle and emery wheel is removed, and for indivedual big defectives, carries out after should deciding through consultation with relevant department again.After defective is removed, dig with carbon and to hold groove successfully, groove must be repaired with emery wheel, and the grinding degree should be greater than 1 millimeter, and use magnetic powder detection, guarantees that defective removes totally.
Soldering: welding rod heat 327 or heat 337, diameter 4-5 millimeter, welding rod must toast 2 hours under 350 ℃ of temperature, and welding rod will be incubated, to guarantee the welding rod drying.Foundry goods covers with asbestos cloth before the soldering, and the preheat temperature 250-300 of foundry goods ℃, casting temperature is not less than 200 ℃ during soldering.The control of electric current during soldering: 4 millimeters welding rod electric currents of diameter are not greater than 190A; 5 millimeters welding rod electric currents of diameter are not greater than 240A.Should in time advance stove after soldering finishes, advance the stove process for the previous period in, should note the insulation of foundry goods, temperature is controlled at about 250 ℃.
After soldering, also comprise the heat treatment step that eliminates stress, as shown in Figure 3, advancing the stokehold temperature smaller or equal to 150 ℃, be warming up between 680 ℃ and 720 ℃ with speed then smaller or equal to 50 ℃/H, and kept this temperature 28 hours, and be cooled to 200 ℃ with speed afterwards smaller or equal to 30 ℃/H.In the heat treatment step that eliminates stress, can not make foundry goods directly to the flame contact, and block with refractory brick, asbestos board etc.

Claims (7)

1. the casting method of a vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) make wooden model, its timber makes its water content less than 10% through overbaking;
(2) make special-purpose ingate: this ingate is made of fireclay refractory, and this ingate is shaped as cuboid and transits to cylindrical complex, and the cuboid one side of this ingate contacts with the casing wall of cylinder body, and the cylinder one side is connected with running gate system;
(3) pour into a mould, sand mo(u)ld must toast 24 hours through hot-blast stove before the cast, and the hot-blast stove air outlet temperature requires to be controlled at more than 100 ℃, and the hot-blast stove escape pipe is entered from the sand mo(u)ld bottom;
Pour into a mould and hung loose mud core crab broad in the middle in back 36 hours;
Pour into a mould and hung one of rising head volume in back 96 hours;
Pour into a mould and dug out rising head in back 120 hours and hang handle;
Pour into a mould and hung loose foundry goods in back 168 hours;
Pour into a mould and carried out shake out in back 300 hours;
(4) rising head cutting, the rising head cutting is carried out after rising head annealing, and cylinder block is after coming out of the stove, be placed on the cut place of wind sheltering immediately, evenly heat with many gas pipes all around, and cover asbestos cloth its cooling is slowed down, check oxygen, propane operating pressure before the cutting, oxygen pressure will be higher than 10 * 10 5N/m 2, propane pressure will be higher than 0.6 * 10 5N/m 2, the cutting of rising head is carried out when cylinder body remains on 200-300 ℃; Cutting is in time advanced stove after finishing, and in the time of waiting for stove, still will heat with coal gas, and be incubated with asbestos cloth;
(5) finished product heat treatment;
(6) finishing, shot-peening specifically comprise:
Carbon digs shaping, and after shaping was carried out foundry goods roughing with the carbon plane, split left allowance for finish, split marks the foundry goods outline line with plane shaping template, at first presses this outline line shaping at split, finishes internally type of back, with interior type plane is that benchmark is repaired, flange height around the finishing touch;
Involutory line, the following semi-involution of shaping not after the last half-sum roughing that shaping is finished, the waistband alignment, with bearings at both ends shelves benchmark, on second machined surfaces such as flange, appear again then first shape profile, after the first half is removed, to staying the line of appearing again on the Lower Half, proofread, repair with plane shaping model,, dash the location using sample with the line of determining as the foundation of the shaping on the Lower Half machined surface, sample is not more than 25 millimeters towards the spacing of beating point, repair according to the position line that sample dashes, make it meet the drawing requirement
Ball blast, polishing, the diameter of shot or shot should be above 2.5 millimeters;
(7) remove defective, bevel, after defective is removed, dig with carbon and to hold groove successfully, groove must be repaired with emery wheel, and the grinding degree should be greater than 1 millimeter, and use magnetic powder detection, guarantees that defective removes totally;
(8) foundry goods covers the preheat temperature 250-300 of foundry goods ℃ before the soldering, soldering with asbestos cloth, casting temperature is not less than 200 ℃ during soldering, should in time advance stove after soldering finishes, advance the stove process for the previous period in, should note the insulation of foundry goods, temperature is controlled at about 250 ℃.
2. the casting method of a kind of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, add rare earth composition before cast, adopt cylindrical vessel, this container bottoms steel disc is very thin, the container that fills rare earth is sunk to ladle, the bottom surface steel disc dissolves immediately, and rare earth just fuses into molten steel, and Argon makes it to stir simultaneously, field trash fully floats, and pours into a mould in the suitable time.
3. the casting method of a kind of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described finished product heat treatment step comprises, with speed temperature is increased between 1030 ℃ and 1050 ℃ earlier smaller or equal to 60 ℃/H, keep this temperature then 22 hours, and with air-cooled temperature was reduced to 130 ℃ again; Use the speed of 60 ℃/H that temperature is increased to afterwards again and kept this temperature between 980 ℃ and 1000 ℃ then 22 hours, with air-cooled temperature is reduced to 130 ℃ again; Use the speed of 50 ℃/H that temperature is increased between 720 ℃ and 740 ℃ afterwards again, kept this temperature then 26 hours, use speed that temperature is reduced to 240 ℃ again smaller or equal to 50 ℃.
4. the casting method of a kind of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when the step of soldering, core diameter is with 4~5 millimeters, welding rod must toast 2 hours under 350 ℃ of temperature, welding rod will be incubated, and 4 millimeters welding rod electric currents of diameter are not greater than 190A; 5 millimeters welding rod electric currents of diameter are not greater than 240A.
5. the casting method of a kind of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after soldering, also comprise the heat treatment step that eliminates stress, advancing the stokehold temperature smaller or equal to 150 ℃, be warming up between 680 ℃ and 720 ℃ with speed then smaller or equal to 50 ℃/H, and kept this temperature 28 hours, and be cooled to 200 ℃ with speed afterwards smaller or equal to 30 ℃/H.
6. the casting method of a kind of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the heat treatment step that eliminates stress, can not make foundry goods directly to the flame contact, and block with refractory brick, asbestos board etc.
7. the casting method of a kind of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described ingate cuboid cross section is 40 * 120 millimeters, the cylinder cross section is 68 millimeters of , total length is the 150-200 millimeter, runner gate/ingate cross section is 0.8, and ingate width/casing wall thickness is 0.8.
CN200510031089A 2005-10-25 2005-10-25 Casting method of vanadium-containing steam turbine cylinder for supercritical machine set Expired - Fee Related CN1954937B (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102513508A (en) * 2011-12-15 2012-06-27 上海沪临重工有限公司 Method for casting large-scale steel castings
CN102822557A (en) * 2010-03-23 2012-12-12 中央发条株式会社 Method for producing spring
CN104972099A (en) * 2015-06-30 2015-10-14 柳州金特新型耐磨材料股份有限公司 Cleaning method for casting
CN105328128A (en) * 2014-08-08 2016-02-17 上海重型机器厂有限公司 Manufacturing method of strap sand core for casting ultra-supercritical turbine cylinder
CN107350713A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-11-17 陕西陕煤韩城矿业有限公司 Box body of speed reducer bearing hole technology for repairing wear
CN108723341A (en) * 2018-04-24 2018-11-02 上柴动力海安有限公司 A kind of body casting cleaning conveying production technology of environment-friendly type diesel engine for automobile

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EP0464366B1 (en) * 1990-07-04 1994-11-30 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Process for producing a work piece from an alloy based on titanium aluminide containing a doping material
US5676191A (en) * 1996-06-27 1997-10-14 General Electric Company Solidification of an article extension from a melt using an integral mandrel and ceramic mold
CN1113711C (en) * 1998-12-21 2003-07-09 纪汉伟 Process for making mould by wax injection
CN100534670C (en) * 2005-02-02 2009-09-02 哈尔滨鑫润工业有限公司 Fine casting method for super long lower pressure partition guide blade of turbine in stainless steel investment mold

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102822557A (en) * 2010-03-23 2012-12-12 中央发条株式会社 Method for producing spring
CN102822557B (en) * 2010-03-23 2015-03-04 中央发条株式会社 Method for producing spring
CN102513508A (en) * 2011-12-15 2012-06-27 上海沪临重工有限公司 Method for casting large-scale steel castings
CN105328128A (en) * 2014-08-08 2016-02-17 上海重型机器厂有限公司 Manufacturing method of strap sand core for casting ultra-supercritical turbine cylinder
CN104972099A (en) * 2015-06-30 2015-10-14 柳州金特新型耐磨材料股份有限公司 Cleaning method for casting
CN107350713A (en) * 2017-05-25 2017-11-17 陕西陕煤韩城矿业有限公司 Box body of speed reducer bearing hole technology for repairing wear
CN107350713B (en) * 2017-05-25 2018-12-07 陕西陕煤韩城矿业有限公司 Box body of speed reducer bearing hole technology for repairing wear
CN108723341A (en) * 2018-04-24 2018-11-02 上柴动力海安有限公司 A kind of body casting cleaning conveying production technology of environment-friendly type diesel engine for automobile

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