CN1943864A - Biomass crusher - Google Patents
Biomass crusher Download PDFInfo
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- CN1943864A CN1943864A CN 200610124793 CN200610124793A CN1943864A CN 1943864 A CN1943864 A CN 1943864A CN 200610124793 CN200610124793 CN 200610124793 CN 200610124793 A CN200610124793 A CN 200610124793A CN 1943864 A CN1943864 A CN 1943864A
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- cutting knife
- annular slab
- main shaft
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- biomass crusher
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Abstract
The biomass crusher has the structure comprising one barrel with material inlet and material outlet and divided axially into two parts fixed with flanges, one main shaft mounted in the axial center of the barrel, several layers of cutting knifes mounted perpendicularly to the main shaft; and several layers of ring plates with holes mounted on the barrel wall. There are gap between the cutting knifes and the barrel wall, gap between the ring plates and the main shaft, gap between two layers of ring plates and gap between the cutting knifes and the ring plates. The present invention has compact structure, small crushed product size, low power consumption, high production efficiency and convenient maintenance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of disintegrating machine, mainly be applicable to the fragmentation of living beings, be specially adapted to the agriculture and forestry organic waste material after coarse crushing, as stalk, branch, leaf, waste and old wood etc.
Background technology
Along with serious day by day to environmental hazard of the exhausted day by day and burning of fossil energy, biomass energy is renewable with it, spatter property is subjected to global extensive attention day by day.The exploitation living beings can not only rationally use agriculture and forestry organic waste material (as stalk, branch, leaf, waste and old furniture etc.), prevent energy waste, increase economic benefit, and can reduce CO
2, SOx, NO
XWith discharging such as flue dust, alleviate environmental pollution.
The biomass energy source is wide, cheap, non-environmental-pollution, but extensively do not utilized, wherein most important reason is that the present ignition temperature of living beings is too low.Plant straw adopts conventional kitchen range combustion method, and efficiency of combustion is about 10%～15%, and ignition temperature has only 600～700 ℃; The ignition temperature of biomass molding fuel generally is no more than 1000 ℃.
1083 ℃ of the fusing points of copper, 1300 ℃ of the fusing points of iron, the melting of secondary aluminium needs about 1100 ℃, and required fuel combustion temperature will exceed 200 ℃～300 ℃ of its fusing points when smelting and processing these metals; Firing of refractory brick needs more than 1150 ℃, and large scale industry generating and petrochemical industry industry all require the ignition temperature of the energy more than 1000 ℃.This shows, the ignition temperature of living beings does not all reach the requirement of these industry to the fuel combustion temperature at present, have only combustion gas, natural gas, heavy oil, diesel oil, coal, coke can reach the requirement of its ignition temperature, thereby these fossil energies are extensively adopted by industry, although fossil energy price height, have in addition serious environment pollution.
Biomass liquefying and gasification after-combustion temperature height can reach the requirement of some industrial fuels, but because biological fuel gas inconvenience transportation does not have full maturity on the living beings Direct liquefaction technology, cost are also higher simultaneously, so its application is restricted.
The living beings directly cost of burning are minimum, and living beings directly burning application at home and abroad also are with fastest developing speed.If can solve the low problem of the direct ignition temperature of living beings, its ignition temperature is brought up to more than 1400 ℃, in addition higher, can be widely used in the industrial energy field, become the leading energy of ten million tame industrial enterprise.So the temperature that improves the direct burning of living beings is the great problem in science of Biomass Energy Utilization.
The applicant makes great efforts to have researched and developed the new class energy and material through for many years, it is that each plant fiber raw material (all non-grain plants of, weeds useless admittedly as tangerine bar, reed, gardens, tendril or the like) is prepared into particle diameter at 250 μ m, most of biomass powder fuel below 100 μ m abbreviates a micron fuel as.This solid micron fuel decomposes in the burner hearth elevated temperature heat, finishing solid and gas rapidly changes, like this, in fact the burning of micron fuel becomes the burning of combustion gas, to the full extent than heavy oil, diesel oil is easier burns at burner hearth, ignition temperature can reach 1400 ℃ in industrial furnace, and fuel efficiency can reach 93%.
Living beings micron fuel is as a kind of industrial fuel, and consumption is huge, and is disposable consumption, thus require and can produce in enormous quantities, and low production cost, this just needs a kind of disintegrating machine that can reach the requirement of living beings micron fuel particle diameter.
Existing crusher in crushing product particle diameter majority belongs to the scope of coarse crushing more than 10mm, as: cutting stubble-cleaning field-returning machine, the green grass or young crops of operation are on the spot raised disintegrating machine etc.General hammer mill can not reach the requirement to the breakdown products particle diameter, and structure is complicated.
The patent No. is that 03205228.6 utility model patent discloses a kind of straw crusher, but this straw crusher can not reach the requirement to the breakdown products particle diameter.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, propose a kind of biomass crusher, this crusher in crushing product particle diameter is tiny, and its breakdown products particle diameter is below 250 μ m, and is most of below 100 μ m.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is, cylindrical shell is divided into the first half cylindrical shells and the second half cylindrical shells vertically, the two is fixed with flange, at the cylindrical shell central shaft to main shaft is installed, on the direction vertical, the multilayer cutting knife is housed along main shaft with main shaft, leave the gap between cutting knife and the barrel wall, cutting knife is combined by the straight knife sheet, the multi-layer annular plate is housed on barrel wall, on annular slab, have a plurality of holes, between annular slab and main shaft, leave the gap, between the two-layer cutting knife, all leave the gap between the two-layer annular slab or between cutting knife and the annular slab, charging aperture is opened in the lower sidewall of cylindrical shell or end face or bottom surface, and discharging opening is opened in the lower sidewall of cylindrical shell or end face or bottom surface.
The present invention compares existing disintegrating machine, has following advantage:
(1) compact conformation of the present invention, the breakdown products particle diameter is tiny, and its breakdown products particle diameter is below 250 μ m, and is most of below 100 μ m.
(2) because multilayer cutting knife and multilayer orifice plate are housed, thereby comminution energy conssumption is low, the productivity ratio height.
(3) the first half cylindrical shells and the second half cylindrical shells are tightened together by flange, can change cutter blade easily, and annular slab is overhauled.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of biomass crusher of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A profile of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the B-B profile of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the front view of the first half cylindrical shells among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the right view of the first half cylindrical shells among Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the front view of the second half cylindrical shells among Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the left view of the second half cylindrical shells among Fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of cutting knife among Fig. 1, orifice plate and a kind of embodiment of main shaft.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of straight knife sheet among Fig. 1, blade holder and a kind of embodiment of main shaft.
The structural representation of Figure 10～Figure 12 other several embodiment of biomass crusher of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
By Fig. 1～shown in Figure 3, the present invention is vertical arrangement or horizontal arrangement, its cylindrical shell comprises the bottom surface, end face and sidewall, can be cylindrical, cylindrical shell is divided into the first half cylindrical shells 2 and the second half cylindrical shells 8 vertically, the two is fixing with flange 7, at the cylindrical shell central shaft to main shaft 3 is installed, on the direction vertical, multilayer cutting knife 5 is housed along main shaft with main shaft 3, leave the gap between cutting knife 5 and the barrel wall, cutting knife 5 is combined by straight knife sheet 10, and multi-layer annular plate 4 is housed on barrel wall, has a plurality of holes 9 on annular slab 4, between annular slab 4 and main shaft 3, leave the gap, between the two-layer cutting knife 5, all leave the gap between the two-layer annular slab 4 or between cutting knife 5 and the annular slab 4, charging aperture 1 is opened the lower sidewall at cylindrical shell, and discharging opening 6 is opened the end face at cylindrical shell.
By Fig. 4～shown in Figure 7, the first half cylindrical shells 2 of the present invention and the second half cylindrical shells 8 all have flange 7, in the first half cylindrical shells 2 and the second half cylindrical shells 8, respectively be provided with multilayer semicircle orifice plate, fixing with barrel wall with welding, correspondence is in one plane one by one for half orifice plate, the first half cylindrical shells 2 and the second half cylindrical shells 8 are fastening with flange 7 along the direction vertical with the main shaft back that is involutory, and form complete cylindrical shell and multi-layer annular plate 4.
By shown in Figure 8, the gap a between the two-layer cutting knife 5, between the two-layer orifice plate 4, between cutting knife 5 and the orifice plate 4 is 0.5mm～50mm.Best situation is, cutting knife 5 is by cross arrangement shown in Figure 1 with annular slab 4, and the gap a between cutting knife 5 and the annular slab 4 is 4mm～20mm.
The thickness c of annular slab 4 is 3mm～30mm, and diameter d in hole 9 is 1mm～100mm on it.Best situation is, the thickness c of annular slab 4 is 5mm～15mm, and hole 9 diameter d are 20mm～50mm on it.
By shown in Figure 9, the present invention also comprises blade holder 11, straight knife sheet 10 and blade holder 11 releasable connections, and blade holder 11 is fixedlyed connected with main shaft 3.Specifically, straight knife sheet 10 can fix with screw with blade holder 11, and blade holder 11 is fixing with main shaft 3 welding.
By shown in Figure 10, the present invention is vertical arrangement, and charging aperture 1 is opened the end face at cylindrical shell, and discharging opening 6 is opened the sidewall at cylindrical shell.Charging aperture 1 is preferably opened on the tangent to periphery direction of cylindrical shell.
By shown in Figure 11, the present invention is horizontal arrangement, and charging aperture 1 is opened the bottom surface at cylindrical shell, and discharging opening 6 is opened the end face at cylindrical shell.
By shown in Figure 12, the present invention is horizontal arrangement, and charging aperture 1 is opened the end face at cylindrical shell, and discharging opening 6 is opened the bottom surface at cylindrical shell.
Discharging opening 1 links to each other with blower fan by pipeline, and pipeline is provided with poly-pocket, and the number of poly-pocket can be 1～5, is preferably 2～4.
The course of work of biomass crusher of the present invention is as follows:
By shown in Figure 1, the biomass material of process coarse crushing produces negative pressure through charging aperture 1 charging by blower fan, makes stable flow direction of material of the inner generation of disintegrating machine.During work, biomass material borrows the negative pressure in the crushing chamber to slip into crushing chamber from charging aperture 1, shattering process is finished by cutting knife 5 and annular slab 4, main shaft 3 is by driven by motor, cutting knife 5 rotates with the rotation of main shaft 3, raw material through cutting knife 5 high speed shear, grinding, and constantly hits, collides and rub between cutting knife 5 and annular slab 4 in crushing chamber, and it is Powdered that material is broken into.Simultaneously, high speed rotation of blade 5 and blower fan form stable air flow field, and breakdown products is sucked poly-pocket through discharging opening 6, obtain crushed product at poly-pocket at last.Can control the granularity and the output of product by the air quantity that changes blower fan.
Disintegrating machine owing to cutting edge wearing and tearing of straight knife sheet 10, but uses by motor inverse transform another side sword in work after a period of time.If all wear and tear in the two sides of straight knife sheet 10, have influence on the particle diameter and the crushing efficiency of breakdown products, at this moment just the first half cylindrical shells 2 and the second half cylindrical shells 8 are taken apart, straight knife sheet 10 is removed replacing from blade holder 11.
Effect explanation of the present invention: a living beings micron fuel production line, by coarse crushing machine (power of motor 15kw), disintegrating machine of the present invention (power of motor 15kw), micron fuel product gathering system (forming) by cyclone dust collectors, poly-pocket etc., blower fan (power 1.5kw), airduct is formed, and feed rate is 200kg/h.Micron fuel product particle diameter through disintegrating machine production of the present invention is distributed as 40～200 orders, handles come-up through cyclone dust collectors, and the superfine micron fuel product particle diameter that enters the cloth bag collection distributes and can reach 120～200 orders.The combustion experiment of the micron fuel product that is generated by the present invention: the powder maximum temperature in combustion furnace less than 0.149mm (i.e. 100 orders) reaches 1230 ℃, fire box temperature reaches 992 ℃, take all factors into consideration broken cost and combustion efficiency, the employing particle diameter is the economical rationality the most of burning of 0.177mm (i.e. 80 orders) biomass powder, and efficiency of combustion is 87%～89%.
Claims (10)
1. biomass crusher is characterized in that:
Cylindrical shell is divided into the first half cylindrical shells (2) and the second half cylindrical shells (8) vertically, the two is fixing with flange (7), at the cylindrical shell central shaft to main shaft (3) is installed, on the direction vertical, multilayer cutting knife (5) is housed along main shaft with main shaft (3), leave the gap between cutting knife (5) and the barrel wall, cutting knife (5) is combined by straight knife sheet (10), multi-layer annular plate (4) is housed on barrel wall, on annular slab (4), have a plurality of holes (9), between annular slab (4) and main shaft (3), leave the gap, between the two-layer cutting knife (5), all leave the gap between the two-layer annular slab (4) or between cutting knife (5) and the annular slab (4), charging aperture (1) is opened in the lower sidewall of cylindrical shell or end face or bottom surface, and discharging opening (6) is opened in the lower sidewall of cylindrical shell or end face or bottom surface.
2. biomass crusher according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the gap between the two-layer cutting knife (5), between the two-layer orifice plate (4), between cutting knife (5) and the orifice plate (4) is 0.5mm～50mm.
3. biomass crusher according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described cutting knife (5) is cross arrangement with annular slab (4), and the gap between cutting knife (5) and the annular slab (4) is 4mm～20mm.
4. biomass crusher according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: charging aperture (1) is opened on the tangent to periphery direction of cylindrical shell.
5. biomass crusher according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: straight knife sheet (10) is the two-sided straight knife of symmetry, and straight knife sheet (10) is every layer of circumference in equal parts setting, and its number is 2～30, and its thickness is 0.05mm～50mm.
6. biomass crusher according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the number of described straight knife sheet (10) is 4～10, and its thickness is 3～16mm.
7. biomass crusher according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the thickness of annular slab (4) is 3mm～30mm, and hole on it (9) diameter is 1mm～100mm.
8. biomass crusher according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the thickness of described annular slab (4) is 5mm～15mm, and hole on it (9) diameter is 20mm～50mm.
9. biomass crusher according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise blade holder (11), and straight knife sheet (10) and blade holder (11) releasable connection, blade holder (11) is fixedlyed connected with main shaft 3.
10. biomass crusher according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this disintegrating machine is vertical arrangement or horizontal arrangement.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101247933A CN100446864C (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Biomass crusher |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101247933A CN100446864C (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Biomass crusher |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1943864A true CN1943864A (en) | 2007-04-11 |
| CN100446864C CN100446864C (en) | 2008-12-31 |
Family
ID=38043646
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101247933A Active CN100446864C (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Biomass crusher |
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| CN (1) | CN100446864C (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101935568A (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-01-05 | 华中科技大学 | High-temperature biomass micron fuel |
| CN105729080A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-07-06 | 柳州东侯生物能源科技有限公司 | Machining method of biomass fuel breaking cutter |
| CN107790278A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2018-03-13 | 合肥富通环保新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of piece-rate system for house refuse Geldart-D particle |
| CN109317266A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-02-12 | 北京嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | A kind of separation of kitchen garbage bone, at powder equipment |
| CN110038691A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-07-23 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | The useless waste dish of height winding tendril class vegetable collects conveyance and its operating method |
| CN113731576A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-03 | 华中科技大学 | Dynamic compression layered crusher |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE434128B (en) * | 1980-10-16 | 1984-07-09 | Jan Abom | HIGH SPEED MILL FOR FINMING OF BIOMASS AND CLEAR MATERIAL |
| CN2246540Y (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-02-05 | 张平 | New garbage-disposing device |
| CN2492310Y (en) * | 2001-07-03 | 2002-05-22 | 车战斌 | High-grade multi-stage cutting and crushing machine |
| CN2618428Y (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2004-06-02 | 王敦隆 | Hay cutter |
| CN1522797A (en) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-08-25 | 铁克股份有限公司 | Mixing and crushing device for disposing raw garbage |
| JP4278089B2 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2009-06-10 | 株式会社泉精器製作所 | Garbage disposal apparatus and cutter for garbage disposal |
| CN2664777Y (en) * | 2003-12-29 | 2004-12-22 | 沈力 | High speed impact shearing pulverizer |
-
2006
- 2006-10-17 CN CNB2006101247933A patent/CN100446864C/en active Active
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101935568A (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-01-05 | 华中科技大学 | High-temperature biomass micron fuel |
| CN101935568B (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2013-03-20 | 华中科技大学 | High-temperature biomass micron fuel |
| CN105729080A (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2016-07-06 | 柳州东侯生物能源科技有限公司 | Machining method of biomass fuel breaking cutter |
| CN107790278A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2018-03-13 | 合肥富通环保新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of piece-rate system for house refuse Geldart-D particle |
| CN109317266A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-02-12 | 北京嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | A kind of separation of kitchen garbage bone, at powder equipment |
| CN110038691A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-07-23 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | The useless waste dish of height winding tendril class vegetable collects conveyance and its operating method |
| CN113731576A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-03 | 华中科技大学 | Dynamic compression layered crusher |
| WO2023019755A1 (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2023-02-23 | 华中科技大学 | Dynamic compression layered crusher |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100446864C (en) | 2008-12-31 |
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