CN1936190A - Impurifying ecological bank-protection combined system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a revetment combination system capable of intercepting and purifying pollutants from river rainfall runoff non-point sources. In the present invention, sandless concrete curbs are arranged at the intersection of the road and the bank slope, and a water collecting tank is arranged on the side of the road at the junction, a coarse sand cushion is laid at the bottom of the tank, gravel is filled in the tank, and the top of the tank is sealed with sand-free concrete. Coarse sand, crushed stones of different thicknesses, and ecological bricks are successively laid on the facing side of the bank slope, and mortar masonry retaining walls are set at the foot of the slope, and plants are planted on the bank slope. It solves the shortcomings that when the rainfall runoff flow is large, the residence time is too short when it flows through the slope, the pollutants cannot be effectively removed, and the interception and purification effect is very limited. The present invention uses the multi-level system of the sump, gravel layer and plants. When the rainfall runoff flow rate is large, part of the runoff flows in the gravel layer in the form of seepage, and the other part overflows and flows on the slope in the form of surface flow. The variable seepage diameter method increases the residence time of the runoff in the system and intercepts and purifies it.

Description

Slope-type variable seepage diameter area source interception and purification ecological revetment combined system

technical field

The invention relates to an environmental protection type river revetment facility, in particular to a slope-type variable seepage diameter area source interception and purification ecological bank revetment combination system which has interception and purification effects on rainfall runoff non-point source pollutants entering the river at different flows.

Background technique

With the acceleration of the development of my country's urbanization level, the proportion of permeable area is getting smaller and smaller, and the sudden and impactful urban non-point source pollution caused by storm runoff has become one of the main sources of water environmental pollution in receiving water bodies. one. Urban rainstorm runoff contains a large amount of pollutants, and the pollution load of initial runoff is much higher than that of urban domestic sewage. Water environmental pollution caused by non-point sources of rainfall runoff has become one of the main problems to be solved in the comprehensive management of urban water environment.

Prior to the present invention, the existing slope-type ecological revetment technology with interception and purification effect on rainfall runoff surface source pollution mainly adopted geotechnical material composite planting base, barbed wire and crushed stone composite planting base, geotechnical material soil-fixing planting base, vegetation type ecological Ecological materials suitable for plant growth such as concrete, cement ecological planting base, and ecological blocks are used to protect the river bank slope, and use the effects of plant absorption, plant root system, and biofilm adsorption and degradation on the surface of materials to intercept and purify rainfall runoff non-point source pollution. However, these revetment technologies only have a certain interception and purification effect on small-flow rainfall runoff non-point source pollution. When the rainfall runoff flow is large, the residence time when flowing through the slope is too short, and the pollutants cannot be effectively removed, and the interception and purification effect is very high. limited.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is just to overcome the respective defects of above-mentioned various slope type river revetment technologies, and develops a kind of slope type river revetment technology with good comprehensive effect.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

Slope-type variable seepage diameter surface source interception and purification ecological bank revetment combined system, sand-free concrete curbs are set at the intersection of the road and the bank slope, and a water collection tank is set on the side of the road at the intersection of the road and the bank slope, which is a right angle with a wide top and a narrow bottom Trapezoidal, its main technical feature is that a coarse sand cushion is laid on the bottom of the tank, gravel is filled in the tank, and the top of the tank is sealed with sand-free concrete; coarse sand, gravel of different thicknesses, and ecological bricks are laid in turn on the facing side of the bank slope. A masonry retaining wall is set at the foot of the slope, and plants are planted on the bank slope.

Advantage and effect of the present invention are:

(1) Comply with the main form of river revetment—slope type, the combined system is stable, and meet the safety requirements of river bank slopes.

(2) The system has a good interception and purification effect on rainfall runoff non-point source pollutants (suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc.). In the system, plants with strong absorption capacity for nitrogen and phosphorus are planted. Microbes are easy to gather on the surface of coarse sand, gravel and plant roots to form biofilms. Through physical adsorption filtration, plant absorption, microbial degradation and other ways, rainfall can be effectively intercepted and purified. Suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in runoff non-point sources.

(3) The present invention has good water permeability, and the seepage path of rainfall runoff is clear, and is suitable for intercepting and purifying rainfall runoff area sources with different flow rates. By setting curbs and sumps at the junction of roads and bank slopes, the rainfall runoff can be distributed more evenly along the slope. During the process of rainfall runoff entering the river water body along the slope, when the rainfall runoff flow rate is small, the runoff flows in the gravel layer in the form of seepage, and enters the river after being purified by physical adsorption filtration, plant absorption, microbial degradation, etc.; When the runoff flow rate is large, part of the runoff flows in the gravel layer in the form of seepage, and the other part overflows the gravel layer and flows on the slope in the form of surface flow, which increases the flow of runoff in the system by changing the seepage diameter. The residence time ensures the interception and purification effect of the system on non-point source pollutants under the condition of large flow.

(4) When the water in the river or underground supply water passes through the present invention, it can also be purified to a considerable extent through the above-mentioned process.

(5) The present invention plants green herbaceous plants on the slope, beautifies the river bank slope environment, and forms a beautiful green water bank landscape.

(6) The plant of the present invention not only intercepts non-point source pollutants, absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, but also produces certain economic benefits.

(7) The project investment of the present invention is relatively low, and construction and maintenance are convenient, and the ecological brick can be mass-produced industrially to form prefabricated parts.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 - a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Figure 2—Schematic diagram of the structure of sand-free concrete ecological bricks.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a mortar masonry retaining wall 3 is installed at the intersection of the bank slope 1 and the river bottom 2. The 5cm sill 5 divides the slope into three sections, and raises it sequentially from top to bottom; first lay an 8cm thick coarse sand layer 4 on the slope, and then place it on each section in sequence from bottom to top on the slope. Lay 10cm, 15cm, 20cm thick crushed stone permeable layer 6 on the coarse sand layer, the diameter of the crushed stone is 1.0-5.0cm, and finally lay "8" shaped sand-free concrete ecological brick 7 on the crushed stone layer; At the intersection of slope 1 and road 8, a right-angled trapezoidal sump 9 with an upper bottom of 90 cm, a lower bottom of 50 cm, and a height of 40 cm is excavated on one side of road 8, and an 8 cm thick coarse sand cushion 4 is laid on the bottom of the sump 9, and the filling diameter of the sump is 1.0~ 5.0cm gravel, the groove top is sealed with 8cm thick sandless concrete 10; a 10cm high, 10cm thick sandless concrete curb 11 is set at the intersection of the bank slope 1 and the road 8; ecological bricks on the slope above the normal water level In 7, the perennial flood-tolerant herbaceous plants 12 with well-developed root system and strong absorption capacity for nitrogen and phosphorus elements are planted, such as bermudagrass, tall fescue, zoysia, etc.; in the ecological brick 7 on the slope below the normal water level and Aquatic plants 13 with strong absorption capacity for nitrogen and phosphorus elements are planted at the bottom of the river 2, such as bitter grass, hornwort, and sunflower. A slope-type variable seepage diameter non-point source interception and purification ecological revetment combination system has been formed.

In the system of the present invention, herbaceous plants 12 and aquatic plants 13 with strong absorption capacity for nitrogen and phosphorus elements are planted, coarse sand 4, gravel 6 and the surface of plant roots are easy to gather microorganisms to form biofilms, and through physical adsorption filtration, plants Absorption, microbial degradation and other ways can effectively intercept and purify suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in the non-point source of rainfall runoff.

When the rainfall runoff non-point source pollutants flow from both sides of the river to the river, the non-point source pollutants first flow into the sump 9, the rainfall runoff flow is evenly distributed along the bank slope 1, and part of the suspended matter is also intercepted; after the rainfall runoff is evenly distributed along the bank slope 1 In the process of entering the river water body, when the rainfall runoff flow rate is small, the runoff flows in the gravel aquifer 6 in the form of seepage, and enters the river after being purified by physical adsorption filtration, plant absorption, microbial degradation, etc.; when the rainfall runoff flow rate is large When it is large, due to the existence of the deflection sill 5, from top to bottom, the thickness of the gravel water-permeable layer 6, that is, the section, changes from large to small, and the seepage of runoff is blocked and partially overflows. Therefore, part of the runoff flows in the crushed stone permeable layer 6 in the form of seepage, and the other part overflows out of the crushed rock permeable layer 6 and flows on the bank slope 1 in the form of surface flow, thereby increasing the flow of runoff by changing the seepage diameter. The residence time in the system ensures the interception and purification effect of the system on non-point source pollutants under the condition of large flow.

The ecological brick 7 of the present invention can be prefabricated in a factory and then laid on site, which is very simple and convenient. In the present invention, the top of the water collection tank 9 and the curb 11 are made of sandless concrete, which is firm and has water permeability.

Claims (9)

1. Slope-type variable seepage diameter area source interception and purification ecological revetment combination system, set sandless concrete curbs at the intersection of the road and the bank slope, and set a water collection tank on the side of the road at the intersection of the road and the bank slope, which is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom It is characterized in that the bottom of the tank is laid with a coarse sand cushion, the tank is filled with gravel, and the top of the tank is sealed with sand-free concrete; coarse sand, gravel of different thicknesses, and ecological bricks are sequentially laid on the facing side of the bank slope. A masonry retaining wall is set at the foot of the slope, and plants are planted on the bank slope. 2. The slope-type variable seepage diameter area source interception and purification ecological revetment combination system according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflectors are respectively set at the normal water level on the upstream side of the bank slope and at the 1/2 slope above the normal water level The ridge divides the slope into three sections that are raised sequentially from top to bottom. 3. The slope-type variable seepage diameter area source interception and purification ecological revetment combined system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that on the upstream side of the bank slope, it is respectively installed on each section of the slope in the order from the foot of the slope to the top of the slope. On top of the coarse sand layer, crushed stones of different thicknesses of 10cm, 15cm, and 20cm are laid to form a gravel permeable layer. 4. The slope type variable seepage diameter area source interception and purification ecological revetment combined system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the planting root system is developed in the ecological bricks on the slope above the constant water level, and has strong absorption capacity for nitrogen and phosphorus elements Perennial flood tolerant herb. 5. The slope type variable seepage diameter area source interception and purification ecological revetment combination system according to claim 1, characterized in that the ecological bricks on the slope below the constant water level, the river bottom planting has a strong absorption capacity for nitrogen and phosphorus elements of aquatic plants. 6. The slope type variable seepage diameter area source interception and purification ecological revetment combination system according to claim 1, characterized in that the ecological bricks laid on the slope are sand-free concrete ecological bricks. 7. The slope type variable seepage diameter area source interception and purification ecological revetment combined system according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of gravel in the sump is 1.0-5.0 cm. 8. The slope type variable seepage diameter area source interception and purification ecological revetment combination system according to claim 3, characterized in that the gravel diameter of the gravel permeable layer laid on the slope is 1.0-5.0 cm. 9. The slope type variable seepage diameter area source interception and purification ecological revetment combination system according to claim 6, characterized in that the sand-free concrete ecological bricks laid on the gravel permeable layer are in the shape of "8".