CN1847166A - Method of controlling red tide of sea water and algalbloom of fresh water - Google Patents
Method of controlling red tide of sea water and algalbloom of fresh water Download PDFInfo
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- CN1847166A CN1847166A CN 200510046239 CN200510046239A CN1847166A CN 1847166 A CN1847166 A CN 1847166A CN 200510046239 CN200510046239 CN 200510046239 CN 200510046239 A CN200510046239 A CN 200510046239A CN 1847166 A CN1847166 A CN 1847166A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to red tide and algalbloom preventing and controlling technology, and is especially method of adopting glycolipid surfactant in treating red tide of sea water and algalbloom of fresh water. The effective component of the biological surfactant is sophor glycolipid as one kind of mixture comprising one acid type matter and one lactone type matter. It may be used alone to inhibit and kill harmful alga and crack their cells effectively and the effective concentration for eliminating alga in different kinds is 5-10 mg/l. It may be also used through mixing with clay mineral to raise the flocculant efficiency organic clay mineral obviously, and the optimal mixing weight ratio to loess is 1 to 100-200. The present invention has easy biodegradation, no harm to other life beings, no secondary pollution and easy storing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to red tide and algal tufa prevention and control field, the method that specifically adopts the glycolipid type biological surfactant that red tide of sea and fresh water algal bloom are administered.
Background technology
Red tide is a kind of global Oceanic disasters.Red tide cause the marine food chain local interruption, destroy the normal productive process of ocean.The a large amount of breedings and the death of red tide plankton are not only threatening halobiontic existence, and the harm marine eco-environment works the mischief and financial loss for marine fishery, mariculture industry and strand tourism, but also threaten for human health and life security.Still not having at present technology in the world can be safely, effectively, economy, synthetically administer the natural disaster of this class big scale.According to the improvement principle to harmful algal, disclosed in the past technology can reduce three major types: physical method, chemical process and biological method.Physical method comprises absorption method, supersonic method, light isolation method etc., is difficult to use in the improvement of big area natural water body red tide.Chemical process comprises that pharmaceutical chemicals directly kills method, the flocculation agent precipitator method and natural mineral flocculence.The method of killing pharmaceutical chemicals is intended to utilize pharmaceutical chemicals directly to kill red tide plankton, because of the pollution of chemical algicide to environment itself, by multinational forbidding.Flocculation agent (as poly-aluminium, the poly-iron etc.) precipitator method are comparatively effective when red tide plankton is intensive, but some flocculation agent contains the trace nutrient that promotes red tide plankton propagation, and aluminium salt etc. also has certain contaminative, should not use in natural water body.The natural mineral flocculence has characteristics such as the source is abundant, pollution is low, but its colloidal sol is poor, and sedimentation red tide plankton ability is low, administers material quantity and the excessive problem of sludge amount brought for the big area red tide.Biological method is to utilize predation, nutrient competition or restraining effect between other biology and the red tide plankton to reach the purpose of eliminating red tide plankton.The biological method of having reported comprise utilize microorganism by discharge inhibitory substance, directly the contact lysis frustule, suppress harmful algae with mode such as frustule competition nutritive salt; Utilize zooplankton, ocean filter feeder etc. to remove red tide plankton; Utilize macros such as sea-tangle to suppress red tide plankton by nutrient competition.This method is difficult to extensively, uses on a large scale because of reasons such as selectivity restriction, preparation cycle length, cost height.Take a broad view of above-mentioned red-tide control method, the overwhelming majority or cost costliness, otherwise effect is not ideal, maybe can produce secondary pollution to environment, and up to the present, that really can apply is very few.Seek red-tide control agent efficient, safe, inexpensive, that be easy to get is the research direction in this field always.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of efficient, safety, easily degraded, red tide of sea and the fresh water algal bloom method of improvementing cheaply, is specially the method for utilizing glycolipid type biological surfactant removal red tide and algal tufa.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Utilize microbial fermentation technology, obtain a kind of bio-surfactant sophorolipid, its structure is that biglycan is connected by β-glycosidic link with hydroxy fatty acid, the mixture of being made up of acid type and lactone type structure.
The present invention passes through the sophorolipid solution of preparation 1-5g/l, and it evenly is sprayed in red tide and the algal tufa water body, removes harmful algae.The concentration of sophorolipid in red tide and algal tufa water body is 5-20mg/l.Sophorolipid solution is mixed use can produce synergistic effect with loess, improve the ability that loess is removed algae, the optimum proportion of the two is counted sophorolipid by mass ratio: loess=1: 100-200.Sophorolipid mixes the optimum proportion that uses and counts sophorolipid by mass ratio with clay mineral: clay mineral=1: 100-200.Described clay mineral is one or more in kaolin, polynite, potter's clay, silicon mud, illite clay, zeolite, mica, white clay, sepiolite or the talcum.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention utilizes the glycolipid type biological surfactant to administer red tide and algal tufa, and it can use separately, can efficiently suppress, kill harmful algae, and finally make lysis.Under the concentration of 5mg/l, can effectively suppress the growth and breeding of harmful algae, the generation of prevention harmful algal and algal tufa.Under this concentration, the Alexandrium tamarense of 50-80%, Heterosigma akashiwo and encircle cochlodinium sp rapid LOM in 15 minutes more; Increase concentration to more than the 10mg/l, suppressing efficient can be up to more than 90%.Under the concentration of 10mg/l, in 3-18 hour, the Heterosigma akashiwo cell can be all cleaved.Also can mix use with clay mineral, significantly improve the flocculation efficiency of clay mineral harmful algae.
2, improvement method of the present invention has good biodegradability, to the marine site non-secondary pollution, can not cause remarkably influenced to other environmental organism.Under 25 ℃ temperature, in one day, degraded rapidly above 60% sophorolipid (100mg/l).After using sophorolipid 50mg/l, the protozoic abundance of ciliates does not change in the seawater, and heterotrophism flagellate quantity has reduction slightly.
3, easy to prepare, the high-efficiency environment friendly of improvement method of the present invention, treatment cost lower, be easy to store and field conduct, in the control of harmful algal and algal tufa, have good popularizing application prospect.Can be used for administering big area red tide of sea and fresh water algal bloom, also be applicable to the red tide and the algal tufa improvement of culture fishery, aquatic sports competition field, water-based recreation area.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a-b is the restraining effect of sophorolipid to harmful algae; Wherein, Fig. 1 a is an Alexandrium tamarense,
Fig. 1 b is many ring cochlodinium sps.
Fig. 2 is the cracking process of harmful frustule of causing of sophorolipid.
Fig. 3 is the promoter action of sophorolipid to loess flocculation harmful algae.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below by embodiment and accompanying drawing.
The present invention utilizes microbial fermentation technology to obtain a kind of bio-surfactant sophorolipid, the fermentation microorganism used therefor is torulopsis (Candida bombicola), nutrient solution consists of: contain glucose 100 grams in every liter of deionized water, yeast extract 0.5 gram, potassium primary phosphate 0.1 gram, sal epsom 0.05 gram, calcium chloride 0.01 gram, sodium-chlor 0.01 gram, peptone 0.07 gram, Semen Maydis oil 100 grams.After 8 days, fermented liquid is used hexane and ethyl acetate extraction respectively at the condition bottom fermentation of 25 ℃, the Ventilation Rate of 1vvm and pH value 3.5, obtain sophorolipid.
The present invention is in the obtain solution process, and solvent is water.
Embodiment 1: sophorolipid is to the restraining effect of harmful algae
Take by weighing quantitative sophorolipid, be mixed with the solution of 1g/l.Get the many rings cochlodinium sp (C.polykrikoides) and Alexandrium tamarense (A.tamarense) the nutrient solution 20ml that are in exponential phase of growth respectively, add sophorolipid solution, make that the ultimate density of sophorolipid is respectively 5,10,15,20mg/l.Leave standstill behind the mixing, after 5,15,30,50,80 minutes, take a sample,, calculate and suppress efficient, result such as Fig. 1 a-b at the frustule of microscopically counting lost-motion.By Fig. 1 a-b as seen, under the concentration of 5mg/l, the Alexandrium tamarense of 50-80% and many ring cochlodinium sps rapid LOM in 15 minutes; Increase concentration to 10mg/l, suppress efficient near 100%.
Embodiment 2: sophorolipid is to the splitting action of harmful frustule
Condition preparation sophorolipid solution by identical with embodiment 1 joins in the Heterosigma akashiwo algae liquid, and the ultimate density that makes sophorolipid is 10mg/l.Sampling regularly in 48 hours experimental period is in the metamorphosis of microscopically observation frustule, result such as Fig. 2.As seen from Figure 2, add sophorolipid after 15 minutes, the rapid dilatational strain of frustule; Frustule breaks after 45 minutes, and chromatoplast flows out; After 120 minutes, the complete cracking of frustule.
Embodiment 3: sophorolipid is to the promoter action of loess flocculation harmful algae
By the condition preparation sophorolipid solution identical with embodiment 1; Take by weighing quantitative loess and (consist of SiO
250-65%, Al
2O
316-24%, Fe
2O
34-9%, MgO 0.6-2.5%, other 5-15%), be mixed with the solution of 100g/l; Sophorolipid and loess are mixed with mixed solution by 1: 200 mixed of mass ratio.Respectively loess, sophorolipid, loess-sophorolipid mixed solution are joined 20ml and encircle in the cochlodinium sp nutrient solution more, making ultimate density is loess 1g/l, loess 5g/l, sophorolipid 5mg/l, loess 1g/l+ sophorolipid 5mg/l.Get supernatant liquor after 2 hours and count, calculate clearance, result such as Fig. 3 algae in microscopically.As seen from Figure 3, sophorolipid mixes use with loess most effective to algae removal, surpasses 90%.
Embodiment 4: the synergistic effect between sophorolipid and the clay mineral
By the condition preparation sophorolipid solution identical with embodiment 1; Take by weighing quantitative polynite (purity is greater than 90%), be mixed with the solution of 100g/l; Sophorolipid and polynite are mixed with mixed solution by 1: 200 mixed of mass ratio.Respectively polynite, sophorolipid, polynite-sophorolipid mixed solution are joined in the 20ml Heterosigma akashiwo nutrient solution, making ultimate density is polynite 1g/l, sophorolipid 5mg/l, polynite 1g/l+ sophorolipid 5mg/l.Get supernatant liquor after 2 hours and count, calculate clearance algae in microscopically.The result shows, 1g/l polynite, 5mg/l sophorolipid, 1g/l polynite+5mg/l sophorolipid are respectively 28%, 60% and 87% to the clearance of algae, as seen sophorolipid has significantly improved polynite red tide plankton has been removed efficient, when removing efficient and be use polynite separately more than 3 times.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of method of administering red tide of sea and fresh water algal bloom, it is characterized in that utilizing microbial fermentation technology to obtain a kind of bio-surfactant sophorolipid, its structure is that biglycan is connected by β-glycosidic link with hydroxy fatty acid, the mixture of forming by acid type and lactone type structure, by with the sophorolipid spray solution in red tide and algal tufa water body, remove harmful algae.
2, by the method for described improvement red tide of sea of claim 1 and fresh water algal bloom, the working concentration scope that it is characterized in that described sophorolipid solution is 1-5g/l.
3, by the method for described improvement red tide of sea of claim 1 and fresh water algal bloom, it is characterized in that the concentration of described sophorolipid in red tide and algal tufa water body is 5-20mg/l.
4, by the method for described improvement red tide of sea of claim 1 and fresh water algal bloom, it is characterized in that described sophorolipid mixes use with clay mineral, by mass ratio, sophorolipid: clay mineral=1: 100-200.
5, by the method for described improvement red tide of sea of claim 4 and fresh water algal bloom, it is characterized in that described clay mineral is one or more in kaolin, polynite, potter's clay, silicon mud, illite clay, zeolite, mica, white clay, sepiolite or the talcum.
6, by the method for described improvement red tide of sea of claim 1 and fresh water algal bloom, it is characterized in that described sophorolipid mixes use with loess, by mass ratio, sophorolipid: loess=1: 100～200.
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| CN 200510046239 CN1847166A (en) | 2005-04-13 | 2005-04-13 | Method of controlling red tide of sea water and algalbloom of fresh water |
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| CN 200510046239 CN1847166A (en) | 2005-04-13 | 2005-04-13 | Method of controlling red tide of sea water and algalbloom of fresh water |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102936055A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-02-20 | 成春云 | Lake water purification agent |
| CN105683329A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2016-06-15 | 莎罗雅株式会社 | Low-toxicity sophorolipid-containing composition and use therefor |
| CN109516538A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2019-03-26 | 宇部材料工业株式会社 | Red tide expellent and the red tide expelling method for using it |
| CN109896601A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-18 | 上海盛安消防工程有限公司 | A kind of fire demand water inorganic agent and its preparation process |
| US20210112787A1 (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2021-04-22 | Locus Ip Company, Llc | Cost-Effective Compositions and Methods for Enhanced Aquatic Farming and Aquarium Fish Husbandry |
| CN117486326A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-02-02 | 安徽萃英兰萌生物科技有限公司 | Novel high-efficiency biological algistat |
-
2005
- 2005-04-13 CN CN 200510046239 patent/CN1847166A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102936055A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-02-20 | 成春云 | Lake water purification agent |
| CN105683329A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2016-06-15 | 莎罗雅株式会社 | Low-toxicity sophorolipid-containing composition and use therefor |
| CN105683329B (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2018-04-06 | 莎罗雅株式会社 | Composition containing sophorolipid of hypotoxicity and application thereof |
| US20210112787A1 (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2021-04-22 | Locus Ip Company, Llc | Cost-Effective Compositions and Methods for Enhanced Aquatic Farming and Aquarium Fish Husbandry |
| US12070020B2 (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2024-08-27 | Locus Solutions Ipco, Llc | Compositions and methods for enhanced aquatic farming and aquarium fish husbandry |
| CN109516538A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2019-03-26 | 宇部材料工业株式会社 | Red tide expellent and the red tide expelling method for using it |
| CN109896601A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-18 | 上海盛安消防工程有限公司 | A kind of fire demand water inorganic agent and its preparation process |
| CN117486326A (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-02-02 | 安徽萃英兰萌生物科技有限公司 | Novel high-efficiency biological algistat |
| CN117486326B (en) * | 2023-11-02 | 2024-05-17 | 安徽萃英兰萌生物科技有限公司 | Novel high-efficiency biological algistat |
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