CN1845810A - Method and device for non-vacuum electron beam welding metallic materials - Google Patents
Method and device for non-vacuum electron beam welding metallic materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1845810A CN1845810A CNA2004800252280A CN200480025228A CN1845810A CN 1845810 A CN1845810 A CN 1845810A CN A2004800252280 A CNA2004800252280 A CN A2004800252280A CN 200480025228 A CN200480025228 A CN 200480025228A CN 1845810 A CN1845810 A CN 1845810A
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- electron beam
- protective gas
- vacuum electron
- welding
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/10—Non-vacuum electron beam-welding or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0093—Welding characterised by the properties of the materials to be welded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/38—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
- B23K35/383—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area mainly containing noble gases or nitrogen
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a method for non-vacuum electron beam welding metallic materials by means of a vacuum electron beam gun and with the aid of process gas. According to the inventive method, at least one inert gas (11, 28) is used in addition to the process gas (33), said inert gas (11, 28) being used in different manners and compositions by means of an inert gas supply apparatus in the form of a nozzle configuration (2), which is arranged on the vacuum electron beam gun (1). According to the invention, a process gas (33) is used that contains helium and 40 to 80 percent by volume of nitrogen, with/without admixing hydrogen and/or oxygen, while the inert gas contains argon, helium, and optionally added oxygen and nitrogen. The inventive method and the inventive device allow for optimal process control and thus inexpensive and quality-responsive material processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method and device that a kind of non-vacuum electronic beam that is used for metal material connects, it utilizes and uses the vacuum electron beam rifle of handling gas.
Background technology
At the known non-vacuum electronic beam connection technology that is used for metal material, electron beam is transmitted on the workpiece to be processed from the vacuum electron beam rifle, does not make this workpiece place the protection vacuum.According to prior art, for the electromagnetic induction that prevents ambiance especially impacts the expansion that causes this electron beam to this electron beam, with one heart around electron beam inject process gas.Therefore, adopt the preferred gas of handling of helium conduct that electron beam is not caused electric induction at present.
The supply of helium is limited, and is therefore in use relatively costly.In addition, in existing non-vacuum electronic beam connection technology, helium causes manufacturing technology in shape shortcoming: the hard otch at place, toe of the weld and be contoured irregular part along weld seam.And, for the atmosphere interference effect that works at puddle, insufficient protective gas effect is only arranged, because under the situation that is close to the perfect vacuum, handling gas can be sucked by electron beam gun.Owing to molten bath and high speed of welding less relatively in non-vacuum electronic beam connects, thereby the contraction that produces along with cooling procedure, finally form firm weld flush and form undercut in the weld seam side regions at the weld seam middle part.Thereby the firm degree of weld seam is subjected to destroying widely.Can eliminate the molten bath influence of this shortcoming, be impossible in known welding method.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to, propose a kind of metal material to be carried out the method that non-vacuum electronic beam connects, this method can be embodied as this economy and up-to-standard materials processing.
According to the present invention, above-mentioned purpose by the technical characterictic that has claim 1 and limit method and have the device realization of technical characterictic that claim 13 limits.
By in non-vacuum electronic beam according to the present invention connects, in addition and independently providing and supply with protective gas to welding region to handling gas; can hinder or reduce the atmosphere interference effect in the welding region at weldment when welding; particularly the air in the welding region of material to be welded flows into, so that the oxide of the destruction welding quality of weld seam upper surface also is excluded after this welding process finishes.Specifically; in the non-vacuum electronic beam that carries out for metal material connects; by means of protective gas feedway according to the present invention, the external structure of weld seam, geometry and mass property (for example porosity of weld seam) and even welding quality can obtain favorable influence.
The protective gas that provides as assist gas advantageously provides simultaneously with handling gas, still, also can provide protective gas in the upstream or the downstream of handling gas in time.The input quantity of protective gas, temperature, pressure and various composition can be selected corresponding to each method condition.Specifically, protective gas can have different compositions, temperature, pressure etc. with processing gas.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, provide and handle gas, provide protective gas as centering on the protective gas bundle of handling gas beam as processing gas beam around electron beam.By means of this concentric embodiment, the volume flow of handling gas and protective gas can adapt to different welding conditions without difficulty aspect flow, time and the continuity.
Decide on application target, protective gas can be supplied to welding region with pulsing continuously or.
Advantageously, in connecing, use a kind of protective gas that comprises argon gas and/or helium according to non-vacuum electronic beam of the present invention, that aluminium is carried out.Also advantageously; composition has oxygen and/or nitrogen; wherein particularly preferably be; provide a kind of mixed gas as protective gas; the long-pending percentage of this mixed gas occlusion body is that the helium of 10-90% and/or nitrogen and/or percent by volume that percent by volume is 0.01-75% are the oxygen of 0.02-25%, and remaining composition is an argon gas.
By means of the preferred processing gas that the nitrogen that is preferably 40-80% by helium and percent by volume becomes to be grouped into, make bead contour be influenced fully targetedly and the formation of weld seam undercut is further minimized.In addition, by means of the nitrogen composition of handling in the gas, can widen bead contour, and form the better overlap joint of macrostructure tolerance thus.By means of the helium that in treatment in accordance with the present invention gas, is comprised, can realize necessary deep welding effect.Particularly preferably be, can provide a kind of and have percent by volume and be at most 20% hydrogen and/or percent by volume and handle gas for helium-nitrogen of the additive of 25% oxygen at the most.Also can under the situation of not adding protective gas, provide treatment in accordance with the present invention gas.
Connect above-mentioned preferred protective gas to be provided in the method and to handle gas at non-vacuum electronic beam according to the present invention and make and to accomplish on cost economical and up-to-standard especially the processing of metal material.
Non-vacuum electronic beam connects method and can combine with melting process synchronous, that promptly carry out substantially simultaneously with welding process in the welding pool of material to be welded, perhaps with subsequently, just in two welding pools that separate and not, combine with the melting process that welding process is carried out simultaneously, thereby realize further improving.By with upper type, more smooth weld defects that may occur in the cooling procedure after soldering particularly in the solder-bump and the undercut in the weld seam side regions at weld seam middle part, and influence welds geometry thus valuably.Because assembling fusion and be used to, the material that occurs at the weld seam middle part is filled in the defect area that the weld seam side regions exists in welding process, thus the realization effect.Therefore the robustness of weld seam is significantly strengthened.In practice, for melting process, adopt WIG welding for example commonly used, plasma welding or the such welding method of laser weld.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of device that has as technical characterictic as described in the claim 13.Therefore, be used for device that non-vacuum electronic beam connects at the vacuum electron beam rifle and be used to supply with outside the device of handling gas, also comprise the protective gas feedway.
According to purpose, it is separated from one another on flow technique to be used to supply with device and the protective gas feedway of handling gas, so that allow to introduce the various gas with various mixtures with different physical.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the protective gas feedway is included in the nozzle arrangements that is provided with in the plumb joint zone of vacuum electron beam rifle.Realize that preferably the nozzle arrangements that protective gas continuous or pulsation is supplied with is configured to and can moves on the operative orientation of vacuum electron beam rifle.At least be fed into from the vacuum electron beam rifle by the protective gas in the input channel distributing nozzle structure that links to each other with supply and pass the electron beam that at least one opening is inducted into nozzle arrangements and the encirclement of processed gas beam; and pass at least one opening of nozzle arrangements and direct on the workpiece to be welded with electron beam; wherein, electron beam is preferably guided with one heart and is passed described opening.Thereby, guaranteed not have the welding region of atmosphere interference effect.
As the replacement of said nozzle structure or replenish, protective gas feedway according to the present invention preferably includes the gas conduit that is connected on the gas inlet pipe road and points to the workpiece to be processed direction, and this gas conduit adjustable angle is provided with left side weldering or backhand welding mode.Thus; in having the protective gas feedway of backhand welding operating angle; protective gas supplies to welding region along the rightabout of welding direction (operative orientation of electron beam gun); and in protective gas feedway, then supply to welding region along welding direction (operative orientation of electron beam gun) with left side weldering operating angle.In order to make the welding gas feedway optimally adapt to corresponding treatment conditions, operating angle is variable.And, within the scope of the invention, can be provided with a plurality of from different directions with gas conduit identical or various protective gas covering welding region.
Test shows that using its electron beam outlet diameter is that 1 nozzle arrangements that arrives 50mm will obtain good especially welding effect.Yet, connect in the method at non-vacuum electronic beam according to the present invention, for the size of the nozzle arrangements of protective gas feedway setting can be adjusted corresponding to various solder technology practices and electron beam gun size.
By means of being arranged in the zone of electron beam that material to be welded sends and protective gas feedway that preferably can move along operative orientation by the vacuum electronic beam guide tube, in welding process with different time sequencings and quantity welding region supply protective gas to material to be welded.
Description of drawings
To at length explain embodiments of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings below.In schematic accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1: vacuum electron beam rifle with protective gas feedway of first form of implementation;
Fig. 2: vacuum electron beam rifle with protective gas feedway of second form of implementation.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows a kind of according to device of the present invention, and it has vacuum electron beam rifle 1 and protective gas feedway 2, and this protective gas feedway is arranged in the plumb joint zone of vacuum electron beam rifle 1.
In an embodiment, the vacuum electron beam rifle 1 that can move on operative orientation 3 comprises two for seal 4, the 5 and derivation openings 6 that are used for electron beam 7 of negative pressure level that constitute with respect to atmosphere.Therefore and unshowned processed air supply apparatus vacuum electron beam rifle 1 also comprises known in the zone of nozzle opening 6 and.Processed air supply apparatus surrounds a flow export that is provided with around electron beam with one heart; because such flow export that is provided with; thereby when electron beam gun is set, makes and handle gas beam encirclement electron beam, thereby prevent that it is subjected to the interference electromagnetic effect of extraneous atmosphere or protective gas.As handling gas, what consider especially is to be the mixed gas that nitrogen constituted of 40-80% by helium with by percent by volume, be 20% the mixed gas that hydrogen constituted at the most by helium and percent by volume, perhaps be 25% the mixed gas that oxygen constituted at the most for 20% hydrogen and percent by volume at the most by helium, nitrogen and percent by volume.
Be positioned at the scope of the opening 6 of vacuum electron beam rifle 1 in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 equally; and for example round around processed air supply apparatus or the protective gas feedway 2 that thereunder is provided with constitute with the form of nozzle arrangements 2, and comprise the entrance and exit 8,9 of electron beam 7 and be used for the input channel 10 of protective gas 11.Outlet 9 is used for protective gas supplied to (not shown) workpiece simultaneously.Therefore outlet 9 is equally with one heart around the electron beam setting, and the regulate the flow of vital energy flow export of body feeding is compared and had bigger opening diameter although it exists together.
Particularly mixed gas of argon-helium or the mixed gas that contains argon gas and helium that comprises nitrogen and/or oxygen components in addition are used as protective gas.Because it is separated from one another on flow technique to handle the gas supply device of gas and protective gas, thus protective gas can with handle gas and have identical composition, perhaps for example different aspect pressure or the temperature in its composition or its physical parameter with it.
The protective gas 11 that passes input channel 10 flow nozzle structures 2 is fed into electron beam 7; this electron beam sends and enters nozzle arrangements 12 and center on by handling gas beam by opening 8 from vacuum electron beam rifle 1 by opening 6, and protected gas 11 is guided on the upper surface of workpiece to be welded around the opening 9 of the electron beam 7 that flows or surround by nozzle arrangements 2.
By soldering test as can be known; for protective gas 11 in the variable setting aspect amount, time and the continuity; and particularly preferably be for protective gas feedway continuous or pulsation, can use to have the nozzle arrangements 2 of diameter as one or more flow exports 9 of 1-50mm.
Thereby being made of also the material of cost economy and gasproof, the nozzle arrangements 2 that is arranged on the vacuum electron beam rifle 1 and can move to adapt to different welding conditions without a doubt on its operative orientation 3.
Device shown in Figure 2 comprises vacuum electron beam rifle 21, and it has the protective gas feedway 22 that separates setting with vacuum electron beam rifle 21, with respect to the welding region around the atmosphere seal-weld.
Vacuum electron beam rifle 21 has two negative pressure levels 23,24 equally, and is configured to and can moves along operative orientation 25.Electron beam 27 is mapped on the metal works to be welded that does not show by opening 26, for example the workpiece of aluminium or steel plate formation.Device 32 is arranged in the zone of opening 26 in known manner, is used to supply with protective gas 33.
By means of the protective gas feedway 22 that separates with vacuum electron beam rifle 21 and can move along its operative orientation 25 at least, be introduced into protective gas 28 in the steam line 29 of protective gas feedway 22 flow through this device along the direction of welding region by the gas conduit 30 that links to each other with this steam line 29 mass flowing nozzle 31.The steam line 29 and the gas conduit 30 of protective gas feedway 22 are made by the material of cost economy and gasproof.
By means of become backhand welding operating angle or left side weldering operating angle ground to be arranged at mass flowing nozzle 31 in the gas conduit 30 with welding region, protective gas 28 is directed on the welding region of workpiece to be welded as follows: prevent that air from entering welding region also and then prevent the oxidation of the weld seam upper surface of workpiece to be welded in welding process.Mass flowing nozzle 31 thereby be arranged to can adjusting angle, and select its operating angle and its physical dimension and make this mass flowing nozzle be adapted to weld accordingly purpose and optimally impact corresponding welding region with protective gas.Thus, with respect to existing solder technology, welding quality is significantly improved.
By means of melting process synchronous or subsequently, can replenish the weld seam that processing made by vacuum electron beam rifle 1,21 and carry out smooth possible weld flush and undercut.
In the non-vacuum electronic beam of the metal material such to for example aluminium or steel plate connects, use the protective gas of described composition according to the present invention and handle gas; hinder the atmosphere interference effect in the welding region of workpiece to be welded, thereby and hindered the weld seam upper surface that reduces workpiece welding quality to be welded and the oxidation of undercut.Another substantial advantage of the present invention is that by the reduction of hole parts, outside weld configuration is obtaining substantial improvement aspect weld seam physical dimension and the weldquality.
Claims (17)
1. one kind is carried out the method that non-vacuum electronic beam connects to metal material, and it utilizes vacuum electron beam rifle (1,21) and uses and handle gas (33),
It is characterized in that,
At least additionally provide protective gas (11,28) for handling gas (33).
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, the protective gas (11,28) that provides as assist gas side by side provides with processing gas (33) at least.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 wherein provides and handles gas (33) as the processing gas beam around electron beam (27), and provides protective gas (11,28) as centering on the gas beam of handling gas beam.
4. according to any described method in the claim 1 to 3, wherein protective gas (11,28) is provided continuously.
5. according to any described method in the claim 1 to 4, wherein protective gas (11,28) is provided with pulsing.
6. be used to implement the protective gas (11,28) according to the method for above-mentioned any claim, it comprises argon gas and helium.
7. protective gas according to claim 6 (11,28), it has percent by volume is 0.01 to 75% nitrogen composition.
8. according to claim 6 or 7 described protective gas (11,28), it has percent by volume is 0.02 to 25% oxygen composition.
9. be used for implementing processing gas (33), it is characterized in that it has helium and nitrogen composition according to any described method of claim 1 to 5.
10. processing gas according to claim 15, it has percent by volume, and to be 40 to 80% nitrogen and/or percent by volume be 25% oxygen at the most for 20% hydrogen and/or percent by volume at the most.
11., wherein under the situation of using vacuum electron beam rifle (1,21), carry out melting process synchronous or subsequently according to the described method of claim 1 to 5.
12. method according to claim 11 is wherein used welding methods such as WIG welding method, plasma welding method and/or method for laser welding in melting process.
13. be used for implementing the device according to any described method of claim 1 to 5, it has vacuum electron beam rifle (1,21), is used for supplying with device (32) and the protective gas feedway (2,22) of handling gas (33).
14. device according to claim 11, the feedway (2,22,32) of wherein handling gas (33) and protective gas (11,28) is separated from one another on fluid technique.
15. according to claim 11 or 12 described devices, wherein protective gas feedway
(2) and/or processed air supply apparatus (32) comprise nozzle arrangements (2) in the plumb joint zone that is arranged at vacuum electron beam rifle (1).
16. according to any described device in the claim 11 to 13; wherein the gas vent (9) of protective gas feedway (2) is provided with like this; the processing gas beam that the device (32) that makes the electron beam and/or be used for of vacuum electron beam rifle (1) supply with handle gas (33) sends flows through air stream outlet (9), preferably flows through this air stream outlet with one heart.
17. device according to claim 15; wherein the protective gas feedway has the gas conduit (30) that links to each other with gas pipeline (29); this gas conduit is an adjustable angle with respect to the electron beam of vacuum electron beam rifle (21), is provided with left side weldering or backhand welding mode.
Applications Claiming Priority (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10336136.7 | 2003-08-04 | ||
| DE10336135.9 | 2003-08-04 | ||
| DE10336136 | 2003-08-04 | ||
| DE10336134.0 | 2003-08-04 | ||
| DE10351901.7 | 2003-10-31 | ||
| DE102004023685.2 | 2004-05-13 | ||
| DE102004023684.4 | 2004-05-13 | ||
| DE102004024238.0 | 2004-05-15 | ||
| DE102004026473.2 | 2004-05-29 | ||
| DE102004026474.0 | 2004-05-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1845810A true CN1845810A (en) | 2006-10-11 |
Family
ID=34177338
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2004800252280A Pending CN1845810A (en) | 2003-08-04 | 2004-07-30 | Method and device for non-vacuum electron beam welding metallic materials |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1845810A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102004026474B4 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103537825A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-01-29 | 力诺瑞特（上海）新能源有限公司 | Copper pipe welding protective gas of medium-temperature heat collector and application |
| CN104227252A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-12-24 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for co-axial and composite welding by adopting center negative pressure plasma arc and electron beam |
| CN109500478A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-03-22 | 天津大学 | A kind of welding method that oxidizing gas is applied to tradition TIG |
| CN114985891A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-02 | 双环传动（嘉兴）精密制造有限公司 | Be used for tooth axle welding dust keeper |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1199416B (en) * | 1961-10-03 | 1965-08-26 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Method and device for welding metals or non-metals at normal pressure by means of electron beams |
| JPS5765661A (en) * | 1980-10-09 | 1982-04-21 | Toshiba Corp | Electron beam welder |
| US5595670A (en) * | 1995-04-17 | 1997-01-21 | The Twentyfirst Century Corporation | Method of high speed high power welding |
| AU5902198A (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 1998-07-31 | Hayes Wheels International, Inc. | Vehicle wheel and method for producing same |
| DE19730311A1 (en) * | 1997-07-15 | 1999-01-21 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Laser welding shielding gas mixture |
| DE10124345A1 (en) * | 2001-05-18 | 2002-11-21 | Linde Ag | Laser welding comprises using a protective gas containing molecular gases as well as argon and/or helium or molecular gases mixed with the protective gases |
-
2004
- 2004-05-29 DE DE102004026474.0A patent/DE102004026474B4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-07-30 CN CNA2004800252280A patent/CN1845810A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103537825A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-01-29 | 力诺瑞特（上海）新能源有限公司 | Copper pipe welding protective gas of medium-temperature heat collector and application |
| CN104227252A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-12-24 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for co-axial and composite welding by adopting center negative pressure plasma arc and electron beam |
| CN109500478A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-03-22 | 天津大学 | A kind of welding method that oxidizing gas is applied to tradition TIG |
| CN114985891A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-02 | 双环传动（嘉兴）精密制造有限公司 | Be used for tooth axle welding dust keeper |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102004026474A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
| DE102004026474B4 (en) | 2021-04-15 |
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Open date: 20061011 |