CN1827558A - 陶瓷电弧放电管的制备方法以及由此方法制备的陶瓷电弧放电管 - Google Patents

陶瓷电弧放电管的制备方法以及由此方法制备的陶瓷电弧放电管 Download PDF

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CN1827558A
CN1827558A CNA2006100550929A CN200610055092A CN1827558A CN 1827558 A CN1827558 A CN 1827558A CN A2006100550929 A CNA2006100550929 A CN A2006100550929A CN 200610055092 A CN200610055092 A CN 200610055092A CN 1827558 A CN1827558 A CN 1827558A
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D·卡德维尔
A·赫卡
S·科特
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Abstract

将两个陶瓷部件互相结合的方法,包括下列步骤:由Al2O3粉末和Y(NO3) 3溶液制备水基浆料,其数量使得在加热时产生A12O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物;以液体、固体或气体形式放置所述浆料使其与待互相结合的两个陶瓷部件直接接触;和加热所述浆料到使所述两个陶瓷部件互相结合的温度。当一个包括多晶氧化铝,另一个包括单晶氧化铝和多晶氧化铝之一,比如高亮度放电灯的电弧放电管时,本发明在连接两个陶瓷部件上特别有用。

Description

陶瓷电弧放电管的制备方法以及 由此方法制备的陶瓷电弧放电管
技术领域
本发明涉及将两个陶瓷部件互相连接的方法以及包括两个结合在一起的陶瓷部件的制品,具体而言,涉及其中两个陶瓷部件互相结合的电弧放电管的制备方法以及电弧放电管本身。
背景技术
将两个陶瓷部件互相结合的能力在很多领域都是特别需要的能力,尤其是对于制备其中两个陶瓷部件的至少之一是透明或近乎透明的电弧放电管而言。将两个陶瓷部件互相结合的很多方法都是公知的。
例如,美国专利6012303(Axelson等)公开了将两个单晶元件相互共晶结合的方法。该方法将一个单晶蓝宝石元件(蓝宝石是透明陶瓷)连接到另一个单晶蓝宝石元件上。两个元件用包括氧化铝粉末和氧化钇粉末的浆料(或者这些粉末的溶胶)结合在一起。但是,难以实现和保持混合物的均匀性,而且需要研磨来混合粉末,这可能引入杂质并提高成本。两个蓝宝石元件在真空炉中加热超过6小时,并且在两个元件上放置重物使它们保持在一起。冷却需要另外的数小时。
需要将两个陶瓷部件结合在一起的更有效方法,尤其对于部件之一是多晶氧化铝(PCA)陶瓷的情况,本发明提供了这个问题的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的目标是提供将两个陶瓷部件互相连接的新方法以及包括两个互相结合的陶瓷部件的新型制品,其中部件之一包括多晶氧化铝(或者由多晶氧化铝构成),另一个包括单晶氧化铝(蓝宝石)或多晶氧化铝(或由单晶氧化铝或多晶氧化铝构成)。可替换地,陶瓷部件之一或全部可以包括钇铝石榴石。
本发明的又一目标是提供使两个陶瓷部件结合的新方法,包括制备Al2O3粉末和Y(NO3)3溶液的浆料,以液体、固体或气体形式放置所述浆料使其与所述两个陶瓷部件接触,以及加热浆料到使所述两个陶瓷部件互相结合的温度。
具体而言,所述浆料在烧制时形成Al2O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物,浆料被加热到的温度是所述共晶复合物的共晶温度,所述两个陶瓷部件之一包括多晶氧化铝(或者由多晶氧化铝构成),另一个包括单晶氧化铝和多晶氧化铝之一(或由单晶氧化铝和多晶氧化铝之一构成)。
共晶复合物的加热可以用CO2激光或由射频加热来进行。
本发明的又一目标是提供新型制品,该制品包括用Al2O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物互相结合的两个陶瓷部件,其中所述两个陶瓷部件之一包括多晶氧化铝(或者由多晶氧化铝构成),另一个包括单晶氧化铝和多晶氧化铝之一(或由单晶氧化铝和多晶氧化铝之一构成)。
在考虑了下列附图和优选实施方案描述后,对于本发明技术领域的技术人员而言,本发明的这些和其它目标和优点将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是两个将要通过本发明的方法使用液体浆料结合的部件的示意图。
图2是将要通过本发明的方法使用Al2O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物的固体圆盘结合的两个部件的横截面图。
具体实施方式
参见图1,本发明的实施方案是使两个陶瓷部件12、14互相结合的方法。该方法包括以下步骤:制备包括Al2O3和Y(NO3)3的水基浆料,其数量使得在加热时产生Al2O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物,放置所述浆料使其直接与待互相结合的两个陶瓷部件接触,以及加热所述浆料到使两个陶瓷部件互相结合的温度。
当所述两个陶瓷部件12、14之一包括多晶氧化铝(或者由多晶氧化铝构成)而另一个包括单晶氧化铝和多晶氧化铝之一(或由单晶氧化铝和多晶氧化铝之一构成)时,使用该第一实施方案的方法是有利的。预计该方法在部件之一或全部包括钇铝石榴石(YAG)时也起作用。
所述浆料可以通过制备氧化铝粉末(Al2O3)和硝酸钇前体溶液(Y(NO3)3)的水基混合物而形成,其在烧制后产生80mol%Al2O3和20mol%Y2O3的共晶复合物(或者近似)。不需要研磨。
浆料可以采用适于本方法的具体应用的形式。例如,浆料可以以液体16的形式施加到两个部件12和14之一的斜截端(例如,PCA管),通过用激光(例如,CO2激光)加热约30秒在空气中干燥,从而形成Al2O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物。另一部件(例如,蓝宝石管)可以堆叠在第一部件的涂有共晶体的斜截端上,并用棒18(例如,钨)校准(aligning)。随后,可以将该组件在车床上旋转,同时用激光加热接头区域到共晶温度。共晶体熔融并流到陶瓷表面上,形成强结合。
浆料也可以在放置到两个部件12、14之间以前固化。例如,浆料可以在空气中进行素瓷烧制到约1350℃,形成Al2O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物的圆盘20,其被放置于两个部件12、14之间,比如图2的截面图所示。如本文所示,第一部件12(比如PCA管)可以如下步骤结合到第二部件14(比如蓝宝石管)上:将固化浆料的圆盘20放置于两个管子之间,通过放置穿过这两个管子和圆盘的棒18使这全部三个部件校准,以及加热圆盘到使圆盘20熔融以使这两个管子结合到一起的温度。
可以采用射频(RF)加热替换激光使圆盘熔融。两个部件12和14以及圆盘20的组件,可以通过在氩气氛下射频加热该组件到热得足以熔融该圆盘(>1780℃)但是低于这两个部件的熔融温度(例如,低于PCA的熔融温度2050℃)的温度,而连接在一起。
也可以使用其它加热装置,比如钨元件炉;但是,由于加热和随后冷却所需的时间显著减少,在有些情况下减少到分钟,所以上述激光和射频方法特别有利。
浆料也可以以气化浆料的气相沉积涂层的形式,沉积到这两个部件上。
本发明的方法可用于制备包括第一陶瓷部件和第二陶瓷部件的制品,所述第一陶瓷部件包括多晶氧化铝(或者由多晶氧化铝构成),第二陶瓷部件包括单晶氧化铝和多晶氧化铝之一(或者由单晶氧化铝和多晶氧化铝之一构成),其中第一和第二陶瓷部件用Al2O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物互相结合。所述两个陶瓷部件的具体几何形状并不重要,上述描述和管状部件图仅仅是示例。实际上,该方法可以应用到陶瓷密封工艺上,以替代例如在高亮度放电灯中的常规熔接密封(fritseal)。这种方法形成的接头具有密封性、耐化学腐蚀、而且能够承受比常规熔料更高的温度(例如,>1700℃)。
本方法为制备电弧放电管提供了特别的优点。该管可以完全烧结并具有各种形状,不限于电弧放电管的常规管形。对透明陶瓷,比如蓝宝石而言,这种适应性使得可以采用比当前可用几何形状范围宽的几何形状,由此改善灯性能并降低成本。另外,在其它领域比如光学系统中,几何形状范围更宽允许这些透明陶瓷目前难以获得的应用。
和上述Axelson等的美国专利相比,本发明的方法将多晶氧化铝部件互相结合或者结合到单晶氧化铝部件上。结合混合物包括氧化铝粉末(Al2O3)和硝酸钇前体(Y(NO3)3)的水基浆料,和所述专利公开的两种粉末相比,本浆料混合起来更容易更均匀。无需研磨;硝酸钇前体在加热时转变成氧化物。另外,射频和激光加热比现有技术的炉子快很多。
尽管在前述说明书和附图中描述了本发明的实施方案,但是在根据说明书和附图进行阅读时,应该理解本发明由下面的权利要求限定。

Claims (21)

1、将两个陶瓷部件互相结合的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
制备包括Al2O3和Y(NO3)3的水基浆料,其数量使得在烧制时产生Al2O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物;
放置所述浆料使其直接与待互相结合的两个陶瓷部件接触,其中所述两个陶瓷部件之一包括多晶氧化铝,另一个包括单晶氧化铝和多晶氧化铝之一;和
加热所述浆料到使所述两个陶瓷部件互相结合的温度。
2、权利要求1的方法,其中所述两个陶瓷部件之一包括多晶氧化铝,另一个包括单晶氧化铝。
3、权利要求1的方法,其中所述水基浆料由Al2O3粉末和Y(NO3)3溶液制备。
4、权利要求1的方法,其中所述加热步骤包括用激光束加热所述浆料的步骤。
5、权利要求5的方法,其中所述激光束由CO2激光形成。
6、权利要求1的方法,其中所述浆料在所述放置步骤之前固化。
7、权利要求7的方法,其中所述浆料是放置在所述两个陶瓷部件之间的圆盘。
8、权利要求8的方法,其中所述加热步骤包括用射频能量熔融所述圆盘的步骤。
9、权利要求1的方法,其中所述放置步骤包括以液体形式施加所述浆料到所述两个部件的至少之一的步骤。
10、权利要求1的方法,其中所述放置步骤包括从所述浆料形成蒸气并在所述两个部件至少之一上沉积所述蒸气化浆料的涂层的步骤。
11、将两个陶瓷部件互相结合的方法,所述方法包括下列步骤:
放置Al2O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物使其直接与待互相结合的两个陶瓷部件接触,其中所述两个陶瓷部件之一包括多晶氧化铝,另一个包括单晶氧化铝和多晶氧化铝之一;和
加热所述共晶复合物到熔融所述共晶复合物并使所述两个陶瓷部件互相结合的温度。
12、权利要求12的方法,其中所述两个陶瓷部件之一包括多晶氧化铝,而另一个包括单晶氧化铝。
13、权利要求12的方法,其中所述加热步骤包括用激光束加热所述化合物的步骤。
14、权利要求12的方法,还包括通过由Al2O3粉末和Y(NO3)3溶液制备水基浆料并烧制所述浆料以产生所述共晶复合物而制备所述共晶复合物的步骤。
15、权利要求15的方法,其中所述烧制步骤产生包括所述共晶复合物的固体,其中所述放置步骤包括在所述加热步骤之前放置所述固体使其直接与所述两个陶瓷部件接触。
16、权利要求12的方法,还包括通过由Al2O3粉末和Y(NO3)3溶液制备水基浆料而制备所述共晶复合物的步骤,和其中所述放置步骤包括蒸气化所述浆料并在所述两个部件至少之一上气相沉积所述蒸气化浆料的涂层。
17、权利要求12的方法,还包括通过由Al2O3粉末和Y(NO3)3溶液制备水基浆料而制备所述共晶复合物的步骤,和其中所述放置步骤包括以液体形式施加所述浆料到所述两个陶瓷部件之一的步骤。
18、包括第一陶瓷部件和第二陶瓷部件的制品,所述第一陶瓷部件包括多晶氧化铝,所述第二陶瓷部件包括单晶氧化铝和多晶氧化铝之一,其中所述第一和第二陶瓷部件通过Al2O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物互相结合。
19、权利要求19的制品,其中所述两个陶瓷部件之一包括多晶氧化铝,另一个包括单晶氧化铝。
20、将两个陶瓷部件互相结合的方法,所述方法包括下列步骤:
放置Al2O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物使其直接与待互相结合的两个陶瓷部件接触,其中所述两个陶瓷部件之一包括钇铝石榴石,另一个包括单晶氧化铝、钇铝石榴石和多晶氧化铝之一;和
加热所述共晶复合物到熔融所述共晶复合物并将所述两个陶瓷部件互相结合的温度。
21、包括第一陶瓷部件和第二陶瓷部件的制品,所述第一陶瓷部件包括钇铝石榴石,所述第二陶瓷部件包括单晶氧化铝、钇铝石榴石和多晶氧化铝之一,其中所述第一和第二陶瓷部件通过Al2O3和Y2O3的共晶复合物互相结合。
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