CN1814657A - Environment-protection type high-performance automobile braking piece and making method - Google Patents

Environment-protection type high-performance automobile braking piece and making method Download PDF

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CN1814657A
CN1814657A CN 200510031239 CN200510031239A CN1814657A CN 1814657 A CN1814657 A CN 1814657A CN 200510031239 CN200510031239 CN 200510031239 CN 200510031239 A CN200510031239 A CN 200510031239A CN 1814657 A CN1814657 A CN 1814657A
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fibers
fiber
performance
environment
brake pad
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CN100447181C (en
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苏堤
黄伯云
刘伯威
李度成
蒋辉珍
熊翔
王坪龙
李永侠
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HUNAN BOYUN NEW MATERIALS CO Ltd
Central South University
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HUNAN BOYUN NEW MATERIALS CO Ltd
Central South University
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Abstract

本发明涉及用塑性状态的物质生产特殊制品，具体是汽车制动材料及其制备工艺，其特征在于：采用黏合剂、增强纤维、摩擦性能调节剂、无机填料按照配比进行混合，并利用耐高温耦联剂表面处理，通过热压成型制得的环保型高性能汽车刹车片，替代了用石棉纤维制作的汽车制动刹车片，克服了石棉汽车刹车片的高温衰退缺陷，提高了刹车片的整体摩擦性能，延长了其使用寿命，降低了作业成本，净化了环境。The invention relates to the production of special products with plastic state substances, specifically automobile brake materials and its preparation process, which is characterized in that: adhesives, reinforcing fibers, friction performance regulators, and inorganic fillers are mixed according to the ratio, and the use of durable The high-temperature coupling agent surface treatment, the environmentally friendly high-performance automobile brake pads made by hot pressing, replace the automobile brake pads made of asbestos fibers, overcome the high-temperature recession defects of asbestos automobile brake pads, and improve the performance of brake pads. Excellent overall friction performance prolongs its service life, reduces operating costs and purifies the environment.

Description

Environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad and preparation method thereof
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a special product produced by using a substance in a plastic state, in particular to an automobile brake material and a preparation process thereof.
Background art:
with the increase of automobile speed, the increase of load capacity and the increasing enhancement of environmental awareness, the automobile industry also puts forward higher and higher requirements on the comprehensive performance of the brake pad. The automobile brake pad made of asbestos has the advantages that under the high-temperature state (about 300 ℃) generated after emergency braking, the friction coefficient can be seriously reduced, so that the brake torque is seriously declined, and the driving safety is influenced; and the service life is short, the replacement is frequent, the operation cost is high, and the dehydrated asbestos dust formed under high-temperature abrasion has strong carcinogenic effect on human bodies and causes pollution to the environment.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to: the environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad prepared by the method is used for replacing an automobile brake pad made of asbestos fiber, so that the defect of high-temperature recession of the asbestos automobile brake pad is overcome, the overall friction performance of the brake pad is improved, the service life of the brake pad is prolonged, the operation cost is reduced, and the environment is purified.
The invention relates to a preparation method of an environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad, which adopts the steps of mixing an adhesive, reinforcing fibers, a friction performance regulator and an inorganic filler according to a proportion, and carrying out surface treatment by utilizing a high-temperature resistant coupling agent, and comprises the following specific process steps:
a: material preparation and mixing:
preparing the components according to the formula, and then carrying out dry stirring and mixing by using a special mixer to ensure that the fibers are fully dispersed and uniform to prepare a mixture for later use; controlling the mixing time: 5-40 minutes.
B: hot-pressing and molding:
adopting a positive pressure mode to press and form in a metal mold, and controlling a parameter process:
temperature: 160 +/-5 ℃:
pressure: 20 plus or minus 10 percent Mpa;
the air bleeding times are as follows: 4-6 times;
pressure maintaining time: 1-8 minutes.
C: and (3) heat treatment:
carrying out heat treatment on the product subjected to hot press molding to promote the adhesive to reach the optimal bonding state, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps:
Figure A20051003123900061
d: grinding: and (4) processing the product to the size specified in the drawing by using dry grinding equipment.
E: surface spraying: and (4) coating the non-friction surface of the product with an antirust coating by using spraying equipment.
F: marking and packaging: printing a specific mark according to the requirement of a user, and packaging for later use.
The environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
4-15% of adhesive, 10-48% of reinforcing fiber, 5-40% of friction performance regulator and 10-60% of inorganic filler.
The invention relates to a preparation method of an environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad, which comprises the following components:
the adhesive is: phenolic resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins;
the reinforcing fibers are: steel fibers, copper fibers, aluminum fibers, aramid fibers, polyester fibers, carbon fibers, hemp fibers, paper fibers, cellulose fibers, glue-sprayed rock wool fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, glass fibers, wollastonite cotton fibers, KFK composite fibers, and the like;
the friction performance modifier is: powder with Mohs hardness of more than 4.5, such as: chromite, quartz sand, alumina, silicon carbide, feldspar, magnetite, pyrite, zirconand the like; organic toughening powders such as: nitrile butadiene rubber, tire powder, organic friction agents, and the like;
various solid powdered lubricants include soft metals, artificial graphite, natural graphite, molybdenum disulfide, and the like;
the inorganic filler is: ceramic powders having a mohs hardness of less than 4, such as: barium sulfate, antimony sulfide, kaolin, bentonite, fluorite, calcium carbonate, talcum powder, dolomite, gypsum, mica, vermiculite, corallite and the like.
The environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad prepared by the method overcomes the defect of high-temperature recession of an asbestos automobile brake pad, improves the overall friction performance of the brake pad, replaces the automobile brake pad made of asbestos fiber, prolongs the service life of the automobile brake pad, reduces the operation cost and purifies the environment.
The concrete embodiment is as follows:
A. characteristic of the invention
(1) Various non-asbestos fibers are adopted to replace asbestos fibers with good dispersibility and affinity, and the problem of affinity (wettability) between the non-asbestos fibers and a matrix is solved by utilizing unique treatment technology of various high-temperature-resistant coupling agents; the problem of conglomeration in the mixing process of the composite non-asbestos fibers is solved by combining the special design of the internal structure of the mixer, so that the fibers are well dispersed in the mixing process, and the defects of insufficient strength, unstable friction performance and the like in the brake block caused by the problems are overcome.
(2) Due to the inherent high-temperature thermal decomposition characteristic of the resin, the high-temperature recession is serious when the resin content in the automobile friction material is too high; if the resin content is too low, the overall strength is insufficient. The special low-content resin matrix technology is adopted, and measures such as reinforced rubber crosslinking and anti-aging treatment are combined, so that the toughness of the material of the product is solved, and the high-temperature recession resistance, the internal shear strength and the anti-aging performance of the material are improved.
(3) And performing fundamental research and analysis on the thermal characteristics and the phase change of the raw materials by using a modern analysis technology, and screening the raw materials according to the research result. The formula adopts components with good thermal stability and less phase change, such as key fillers of precipitated barium sulfate, silicon gray cotton, dolomite and the like, so that the high temperature resistance of the brake pad is improved; the surface coupling technology is utilized, the compatibility of the filler and the resin matrix is improved, the problem of composite reinforcement of the matrix, the fiber and the filler is well solved, and the service life of the brake pad is prolonged.
(4) The graphite material can reduce the abrasion loss of the brake pad, reduce the brake noise and increase the brake stability, but can be quickly oxidized at the temperature of more than 450 ℃ to cause the problems of high-temperature recession, increased abrasion and the like. The special multicomponent lubricating technology is adopted, the problems of friction interface diaphragm and carbon deposit are solved, the lubricating effect is achieved, high-temperature heat fading is not generated, and meanwhile, the wear resistance of the brake pad is improved.
(5) The porous raw materials of the hollow microsphere structure such as powder (such as coal ash) and expanded little molehill stone are premixed and granulated by using a high-temperature resistant binder to prepare special porous composite powder particles which are applied to the brake pad, so that the effects of reducing the specific gravity of the brake pad, reducing the cost, inhibiting the braking noise and reducing the high-temperature recession are achieved, and the comprehensive performance of the brake pad is integrally improved. Asbestos-free brake pads produced by automobiles at home and abroad generally have the problems of large high-temperature recession, poor toughness of material processing and insufficient strength, and the service life of the asbestos-free brake pads is equivalent to that of similar products at home and abroad.
(6) Through basic research, a large amount of domestic raw materials with rich resources and low price are adopted, and the production process is optimized and simplified, so that the production cost is greatly reduced, the market price of the product is only 30 percent of that of similar imported products, and the product has strong international and domestic market competitiveness.
B. The product produced by the invention has performance compared with that of the traditional asbestos product
The newly developed high-performance and environment-friendly brake pad replaces asbestos products, the brake material does not contain harmful components, has no pollution to the environment, has excellent high-temperature heat attenuation resistance, sensitive braking, stable braking and no braking scream, can meet the running safety of high speed and high load of automobiles, and has the service life prolonged to more than 2-3 times of that of the asbestos products.
Comparison of asbestos with non-asbestos brake pad product Performance (Dongfeng EQ153 commercial vehicle)
Figure A20051003123900091
From the data, the performance of the asbestos-free brake pad developed by the university of the south of China and the new Boyun material company is far better than that of the asbestos product. But the cost is about 20 percent higher than that of the asbestos product. The cost of the mixture of general asbestos friction materials is 3000-6000 yuan/ton, while the cost of the mixture of non-asbestos friction materials is 4500-7000 yuan/ton, taking Dongfeng EQ153 brake as an example, the price of asbestos sheets is as follows: 11 yuan/piece, high performance, asbestos-free brake block selling price: 14 yuan/tablet. Therefore, compared with the traditional asbestos-free brake pad, the environment-friendly high-performance asbestos-free brake pad has the advantage of higher cost performance.
The composite strengthening problem of the base body, the non-asbestos fiber and the key friction performance regulator is fundamentally solved, and the high-temperature fading resistance, the brake pad strength and the wear resistance of the material are solved; the multi-component lubricating technology is adopted, the defects of high-temperature recession, increased abrasion and the like caused by high temperature of a graphite lubricating material are overcome, and the problems of a friction interface diaphragm and carbon deposit are solved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the process flow of the environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
a: example of a disc brake pad for a Changan passenger car:
① the formula is as follows:
9% of phenolic resin; 12% of steel fiber; 5% of brass fiber; 3% of red copper fiber; 3% of aramid fiber; 5% of glass fiber; 6% of silicon gray cotton; 5% of artificial graphite; 5% of natural graphite; 8% of chromite; 8% of pyrite; 5% of magnetite; 4% of antimony sulfide; 10% of barium sulfate; 5% of dolomite; 3% of calcium fluoride; 4% of kaolin;
② mixing with a vertical mixer to ensure uniform distribution of the components;
③ placing the mixture in a mould according to a certain weight by using a hot press and a specific tool and a specific mould, and pressing and molding;
④ curing phenolic resin with a high-power oven;
⑤ performing subsequent machining on the heat-treated product according to the requirements of the drawing;
⑥ and packaging and warehousing.
B: dongfeng automobile EQ153 drum brake sheet example
① formula:
15% of phenolic resin; 20% of steel fiber; 5% of brass fiber; 3% of cellulose fiber; 5% of glass fiber; 5% of rock wool; FKF fiber 3%; 5% of silicon gray cotton; 4% of artificial graphite; 6% of natural graphite; 4% of chromite; 5% of magnetite; 4% of pyrite; 3% of quartz sand; 3% of aluminum oxide; 5% of kaolin; 3% of bentonite; 2 percent of vermiculite.
② mixing with a vertical mixer to ensure uniform distribution of the components;
③ placing the mixture in a mould according to a certain weight by using a hot press and a specific tool and a specific mould, and pressing and molding;
④ curing phenolic resin with a high-power oven;
⑤ performing subsequent machining on the heat-treated product according to the requirements of the drawing;
⑥ and packaging and warehousing.
C: disc brake pad example for Santana car
① formula:
5% of phenolic resin; 20% of steel fiber; 2% of aramid fiber; 5% of red copper fiber; 3% of brass fiber; 1% of paper fiber; 7% of antimony sulfide; 15% of artificial graphite; 6 percent of petroleum coke; 8% of chromite; 2% of alumina; 9% of silicon gray cotton; 5% of barium sulfate; 2% of dolomite; 3% of vermiculite; 7% of composite particles.
② mixing with a vertical mixer to ensure uniform distribution of the components;
③ placing the mixture in a mould according to a certain weight by using a hot press and a specific tool and a specific mould, and pressing and molding;
④ curing phenolic resin with a high-power oven;
⑤ performing subsequent machining on the heat-treated product according to the requirements of the drawing;
⑥ and packaging and warehousing.

Claims (6)

1. The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad adopts the steps of mixing an adhesive, reinforcing fibers, a friction performance regulator and an inorganic filler according to a ratio, and performing surface treatment by using a high-temperature-resistant coupling agent, and is characterized in that:
a: material preparation and mixing:
preparing the components according to the formula, and then carrying out dry stirring and mixing by using a special mixer to ensure that the fibers are fully dispersed and uniform to prepare a mixture for later use; controlling the mixing time: 5-40 minutes;
b: hot-pressing and molding:
adopting a positive pressure mode to press and form in a metal mold, and controlling a parameter process:
temperature: the temperature of 160 +/-5 ℃,
pressure: 20 plus or minus 10 percent of Mpa,
the air bleeding times are as follows: 4 to 6 times of the treatment of the first step,
pressure maintaining time: 1-8 minutes;
c: and (3) heat treatment:
carrying out heat treatment on the product subjected to hot press molding to promote the adhesive to reach the optimal bonding state, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps:
d: grinding:
processing the product to the size specified in the drawing by using dry grinding equipment;
e: surface spraying:
coating the non-friction surface of the product with an antirust coating by using spraying equipment;
f: marking and packaging:
printing a specific mark according to the requirement of a user, and packaging for later use.
2. The environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
4-15% of adhesive, 10-48% of reinforcing fiber, 5-40% of friction performance regulator and 10-60%of inorganic filler.
3. The preparation method of the environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the adhesive is as follows: phenolic resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins;
the reinforcing fibers are: steel fibers, copper fibers, aluminum fibers, aramid fibers, polyester fibers, carbon fibers, hemp fibers, paper fibers, cellulose fibers, glue-sprayed rock wool fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, glass fibers, wollastonite cotton fibers and KFK composite fibers;
the friction performance modifier is: powder with Mohs hardness of more than 4.5, such as: chromite, quartz sand, alumina, silicon carbide, feldspar, magnetite, pyrite and zircon, wherein the organic toughening powder contains nitrile rubber, tire powder and an organic friction agent;
various solid powdered lubricants include soft metals, artificial graphite, natural graphite, molybdenum disulfide;
the inorganic filler is: ceramic powders having a mohs hardness of less than 4, such as: barium sulfate, antimony sulfide, kaolin, bentonite, fluorite, calcium carbonate, talcum powder, dolomite, gypsum, mica, vermiculite and corallite.
4. The environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad according to claim 2, characterized in that: the formula comprises 9% of phenolic resin by weight percentage; 12% of steel fiber; 5% of brass fiber; 3% of red copper fiber; 3% of aramid fiber; 5% of glass fiber; 6% of silicon gray cotton; 5% of artificial graphite; 5% of natural graphite; 8% of chromite; 8% of pyrite; 5% of magnetite; 4% of antimony sulfide; 10% of barium sulfate; 5% of dolomite; 3% of calcium fluoride; 4 percent of kaolin.
5. The environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad according to claim 2, characterized in that: the formula comprises 15 percent of phenolic resin by weight; 20% of steel fiber; 5% of brass fiber; 3% of cellulose fiber; 5% of glass fiber; 5% of rock wool; FKF fiber 3%; 5% of silicon gray cotton; 4% of artificial graphite; 6% of natural graphite; 4% of chromite; 5% of magnetite; 4% of pyrite; 3% of quartz sand; 3% of aluminum oxide; 5% of kaolin; 3% of bentonite; 2 percent of vermiculite.
6. The environment-friendly high-performance automobile brake pad according to claim 2, characterized in that: the formula comprises 5% of phenolic resin by weight percentage; 20% of steel fiber; 2% of aramid fiber; 5% of red copper fiber; 3% of brass fiber; 1% of paper fiber; 7% of antimony sulfide; 15% of artificial graphite; 6 percent of petroleum coke; 8% of chromite; 2% of alumina; 9% of silicon gray cotton; 5% of barium sulfate; 2% of dolomite; 3% of vermiculite; 7% of composite particles.
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