CN1793392A - Process for preparing Cr7C3-FeNiCr composite by heating aluminium fast solidification tech, and apparatus thereof - Google Patents

Process for preparing Cr7C3-FeNiCr composite by heating aluminium fast solidification tech, and apparatus thereof Download PDF

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CN1793392A
CN1793392A CN 200510132505 CN200510132505A CN1793392A CN 1793392 A CN1793392 A CN 1793392A CN 200510132505 CN200510132505 CN 200510132505 CN 200510132505 A CN200510132505 A CN 200510132505A CN 1793392 A CN1793392 A CN 1793392A
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fenicr
matrix material
aluminothermy
carbon tube
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CN100354442C (en
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席文君
张涛
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Beihang University
Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Beihang University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a Cr<SUB>7</SUB>C<SUB>3</SUB>-FeNiCr composite material manufacturing method and its device used aluminothermy-quick setting technology. The weight percentage of FeNiCr is 70-97. The Cr<SUB>7</SUB>C<SUB>3</SUB> is 3-30. Its device includes water cooled copper mould, power supply unit, and reaction vessel. The reaction vessel is set on water cooled copper mould. Heat insulation material is filled between graphite pipe and shell. Cooling water circulation cavity is the S shape; the forming cavity is funnel shaped. The invention combines aluminothermy method and quick setting technology, directly injects melted product to copper mould, and utilize high thermal conductivity metallic copper to realize quick cooling and setting. Thus the formed Cr<SUB>7</SUB>C<SUB>3</SUB> reinforcing metal composite has even form and fine grain size.

Description

A kind of employing aluminothermy-fast solidification technology prepares Cr 7C 3The method of-FeNiCr matrix material and device thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method that thermite process is combined with fast solidification technology, the melt product that the thermite reduction reaction is obtained directly is injected in the copper mould, utilize the high characteristic of copper metal heat-conducting coefficient realize the melt product quick cooling, solidify, thereby obtain the Cr that metallographic phase and ceramic phase mix 7C 3-FeNiCr matrix material.
Background technology
At present, carbide enhancing metal composite mainly adopts powder metallurgy process and liquid metal-carbide hybrid system preparation.
Wherein, the process of powder metallurgy process is, before this with metallic substance with ceramic powder mixes after press forming strengthens metal composite after sintering obtains carbide.The carbide of powder metallurgic method preparation strengthens metal composite has certain hole and grain-size big.The ceramic phase surface is vulnerable to pollute in preparation process, thereby causes the bonding strength of ceramic phase and metallographic phase to reduce.In addition, last sintering process also makes grain growth easily, and the carbide that is difficult to obtain thin crystalline substance strengthens metal composite.
Wherein, the technological process of liquid metal-carbide hybrid system is that elder generation joins the metallic substance fusing in the liquid metal melt then with carbide particle, obtain carbide and strengthen metal composite after cooling.Distribution of carbides is even inadequately in the matrix material of this method preparation, and particle is bigger, and the carbide particle surface is polluted easily, influences the wettability between carbide and the metallic matrix.
The Mo element has the reinforced alloys matrix, and the high-temperature wearable effect that improves matrix material.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of preparation Cr 7C 3The method of-FeNiCr matrix material, this method combines thermite process with fast solidification technology, flow into the forming cavity of copper mold behind the high-temperature fusant burn through aluminium foil that produces by raw-material redox reaction after cooling, solidify and make carbide and strengthen metal composite.
Two of purpose of the present invention provides the little and uniform Cr of composition of a kind of grain-size 7C 3-FeNiCr matrix material.
Three of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of Cr that is used to prepare 7C 3Aluminothermy-the quick solidification apparatus of-FeNiCr matrix material, this apparatus structure is reasonable in design, has simplified preparation section, has reduced the preparation cost of material.
The present invention is that a kind of employing aluminothermy-fast solidification technology prepares Cr 7C 3The method of-FeNiCr matrix material includes following steps:
(A) take by weighing the starting material that make aluminothermy-rapid solidification after an amount of metal oxide, carbon dust and aluminium powder mix at normal temperatures, and starting material are packed in the carbon tube of aluminothermy-quick solidification apparatus;
50～83wt% metal oxide, 1～10wt% carbon dust and 16～40wt% aluminium powder are arranged in the starting material;
(B) flow velocity of regulating in the cooling water circulation chamber is 0.3～0.5m 3/ min; Regulate supply unit output voltage 10～36V, output rating 1800～2500W;
(C) switch on the opening power device, tungsten filament igniting produces under 1800～2500 ℃ the hot conditions starting material and is lighted in carbon tube;
The metal oxide that takes by weighing in above-mentioned under hot conditions (A) step is reduced by aluminium Al, produces redox reaction, obtains Cr 7C 3, Fe, Ni, Cr and Al 2O 3Blend melt;
In redox reaction, the Al in the above-mentioned blend melt 2O 3Float on the top of metal and carbide blend melt, under the effect of gravity, flow into behind described metal and the carbide blend melt burn through aluminium foil in the forming cavity of water cooled copper mould, cooled and solidified becomes Cr fast 7C 3-FeNiCr matrix material.
Described employing aluminothermy-fast solidification technology prepares Cr 7C 3The method of-FeNiCr matrix material, its metal oxide is: the Fe of 20～50wt% 2O 3, the NiO of 20～50wt%, the Cr of 10～20wt% 2O 3CrO with 15～35wt% 3, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%; The perhaps Cr of the NiO of the FeO of 20～50wt%, 20～50wt%, 20～30wt% 2O 3CrO with 15～30wt% 3, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%; The perhaps Fe of 20～50wt% 3O 4, the NiO of 20～50wt%, the Cr of 20～30wt% 2O 3CrO with 15～35wt% 3, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%.
Described employing aluminothermy-fast solidification technology prepares Cr 7C 3The method of-FeNiCr matrix material, described aluminium powder are that particle diameter is the simple substance aluminium powder of 0.5～500 μ m, and the particle diameter of described metal oxide is 0.5～200 μ m, and the particle diameter of described carbon dust is 0.1～200 μ m.
A kind of Cr that adopts aluminothermy-fast solidification technology to prepare of the present invention 7C 3-FeNiCr matrix material strengthens body by alloy base material and carbide and forms, and the weight percent of described alloy base material FeNiCr is 70～97, and described carbide strengthens body material C r 7C 3Weight percent be 3～30; In its alloy base material the weight percent of iron Fe be 20～60, the weight percent of nickel be 30～55 and the weight percent of chromium Cr be 10～25.
Described Cr 7C 3-FeNiCr matrix material is Cr 7C 3Fe 40Ni 25Cr 25Perhaps Cr 7C 3Fe 25Ni 40Cr 25Perhaps Cr 7C 3Fe 23Ni 42Cr 25
A kind of Cr that is used to prepare of the present invention 7C 3Aluminothermy-the quick solidification apparatus of-FeNiCr matrix material comprises water cooled copper mould, supply unit and reaction vessel, and reaction vessel is installed on the water cooled copper mould, and the tungsten filament in the reaction vessel is connected with supply unit; Described reaction vessel is made of housing, carbon tube, lagging material, tungsten filament and aluminium foil, filled thermal insulation materials is between carbon tube and housing, tungsten filament is installed on the end cap of carbon tube, and the two ends of tungsten filament are stretched out carbon tube and are connected with the positive and negative electrode of supply unit, and the other end port of carbon tube is provided with aluminium foil; The cooling water circulation chamber of described water cooled copper mould is a S shape, and its forming cavity is a doline, and flare opening and carbon tube port size are adaptive.
Preparation technology of the present invention has utilized the high characteristic of carbide fusing point, carbide at first in the melt that reaction obtains forming core, separate out.In process of setting, carbide provides the forming core place for metal melt, and metal melt is at carbide surface heterogeneous body forming core.Just the forming core carbide of separating out is very tiny, and distribution disperse, evenly is for metal melt provides a large amount of heterogeneous body forming core places.In addition, utilized the characteristic of rapid solidification, utilization copper mold fast cooling technology improves the solution speed of cooling, solidifying cooling rate accelerates, the carbide of a large amount of forming cores and the metallic matrix nucleus has little time to grow up or can not get sufficient room owing to growing up simultaneously at a high speed,, thereby obtain the tiny carbide of crystal grain and strengthen metal composite, because the dispersion-strengthened action of the tiny and carbide of crystal grain, the carbide of aluminothermy-fast solidification technology preparation strengthen the intensity of metal composite, toughness, performance such as wear-resisting is improved significantly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of aluminothermy-quick solidification apparatus of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1. water cooled copper mould 101. cooling water circulation chamber 102. forming cavities, 2. reaction vessels, 201. carbon tubes, 202. lagging materials, 203. aluminium foils, 204. housings, 205. tungsten filaments, 3. raw materials
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
See also shown in Figure 1, a kind of Cr that is used to prepare of the present invention 7C 3Aluminothermy-the quick solidification apparatus of-FeNiCr matrix material comprises water cooled copper mould 1, supply unit and reaction vessel 2, and reaction vessel 2 is installed on the water cooled copper mould 1, and the tungsten filament 205 in the reaction vessel 2 is connected with supply unit; Described reaction vessel 2 is made of housing 204, carbon tube 201, lagging material 202, tungsten filament 205 and aluminium foil 203, lagging material 202 is filled between carbon tube 201 and the housing 204, tungsten filament 205 is installed on the end cap of carbon tube 201, and the two ends of tungsten filament 205 are stretched out carbon tube 201 and are connected with the positive and negative electrode of supply unit, and the other end port of carbon tube 201 is provided with aluminium foil 203; The cooling water circulation chamber 101 of described water cooled copper mould 1 is a S shape, and its forming cavity 102 is dolines, and flare opening and carbon tube 201 port size are adaptive.Described supply unit output voltage is 10V～36V, and output rating is 1800W～2500W; Described lagging material 202 is alumina firebrick or refractory fireclay block; The diameter of described tungsten filament 205 is 0.5～1mm.
The present invention is that a kind of employing aluminothermy-fast solidification technology prepares Cr 7C 3The method of-FeNiCr matrix material is characterized in that including following steps:
(A) take by weighing the starting material 3 that make aluminothermy-rapid solidification after an amount of metal oxide, carbon dust and aluminium powder mix at normal temperatures, and starting material 3 are packed in the carbon tube 201 of aluminothermy-quick solidification apparatus;
50～83wt% metal oxide, 1～10wt% carbon dust and 16～40wt% aluminium powder are arranged in the starting material 3;
(B) flow velocity of regulating in the cooling water circulation chamber 101 is 0.3～0.5m 3/ min; Regulate supply unit output voltage 10～36V, output rating 1800～2500W;
(C) switch on the opening power device, tungsten filament 205 igniting, starting material 3 are lighted under the hot conditions of 1800～2500 ℃ of generations carbon tube 201 in;
The metal oxide that takes by weighing in above-mentioned under hot conditions (A) step is reduced by aluminium Al, produces redox reaction, obtains Cr 7C 3, Fe, Ni, Cr and Al 2O 3Blend melt;
In redox reaction, the Al in the above-mentioned blend melt 2O 3Float on the top of metal and carbide blend melt, under the effect of gravity, described metal and carbide blend melt burn through aluminium foil 203 backs flow in the forming cavity 102 of water cooled copper mould 1, and cooled and solidified becomes Cr fast 7C 3-FeNiCr matrix material.
In (C) of aluminothermy-rapid solidification preparation method of the present invention step, behind " startup " switch of pressing on the supply unit, tungsten filament 205 energising back heatings, the starting material 3 in the carbon tube 201 have been lighted, chemical reaction takes place in starting material 3, release of heat makes temperature in the carbon tube 201 reach high temperature more than 3200 ℃.Metal oxide (is chosen metal oxide according to prepared metal matrix material, three groups in patent application of the present invention, are disclosed, these three groups of metal oxides will be described hereinafter) in redox reaction as reductive agent aluminium Al powder, the aluminium oxide Al that density is little 2O 3Melt floats on the top of metal+carbide blend melt; Under hot conditions, the metal of carbon tube 201 bottoms+carbide blend melt at first burn through aluminium foil 203 flows in the forming cavity 102 of water cooled copper mould 1, realize quick cooled and solidified by quick mobile water coolant in the cooling water circulation chamber 101, open water cooled copper mould 1 then, taking out surface coverage has aluminium oxide Al 2O 3The matrix material of slag blanket is removed slag blanket and has just been obtained Cr of the present invention 7C 3-FeNiCr composite material section bar.
In the present invention, cooled and solidified technology is relevant with the grain-size of the size of forming cavity 102, cooling water circulation chamber 101 flow velocities, metal+carbide blend melt fast, material structure is tiny in order to obtain, weave construction even, no large dendritic crystal, just can realize by the flow velocity of regulating cooling water circulation chamber 101, its quick cooled and solidified technology is simple, easy to operate.
In redox reaction, Cr 7C 3Melting temperature be 3150 ℃, make the fusing of all product, the reaction adiabatic temperature that then requires starting material 3 is greater than Cr 7C 3Fusing point.Reaction product Fe, Ni, Cr, Cr under 3200 ℃ of conditions 7C 3And Al 2O 3All be molten state, because the density difference of product, under gravity condition, the Al that density is little 2O 3Float on top and form Al 2O 3Section layer (perhaps slag blanket) is removed this slag blanket at last.
In the present invention, the component one of metal oxide is: the Fe of 20～50wt% 2O 3, the NiO of 20～50wt%, the Cr of 10～20wt% 2O 3CrO with 15～35wt% 3, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%; The component two of metal oxide is: the Cr of the FeO of 20～50wt%, the NiO of 20～50wt%, 20～30wt% 2O 3CrO with 15～30wt% 3, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%; The component three of metal oxide is: the Fe of 20～50wt% 3O 4, the NiO of 20～50wt%, the Cr of 20～30wt% 2O 3CrO with 15～35wt% 3, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%.Use the CrO of equal quantities between the each component 3Cr in the surrogate response thing 2O 3Can improve adiabatic temperature, more help the starting material 3 in the carbon tube 201 are fused into melt.The metal oxide particle diameter that is adopted is 0.5～200 μ m, and the particle diameter of described carbon dust is 0.1～200 μ m, and the aluminum reduction agent is that particle diameter is the simple substance aluminium powder of 0.5～500 μ m.According to the different preparation-obtained Cr of component 7C 3The microstructure of-FeNiCr matrix material, tissue topography, hardness and wear resisting property are different.
Embodiment 1: the Cr of system 500g 7C 3Fe 40Ni 25Cr 25Matrix material
Take by weighing the C of 7.2g, the Fe of 287g 2O 3, the NiO of 168g, the Cr of 84.8g 2O 3, 41g CrO 3With the Al of 218.5g, the particle diameter of above-mentioned materials is 50 μ m, in the carbon tube 201 of the aluminothermy-quick solidification apparatus as shown in Figure 1 of packing into after mixing.
The forming cavity 102 of the water cooled copper mould of selecting for use during preparation 1 is that diameter is the circle of 3cm, and it regulates water coolant flow velocity 0.03m 3/ min, supply unit output voltage 12V, output rating 2000W.
Behind the switch of pressing on the supply unit, above-mentioned raw materials in the carbon tube 201 is lighted by tungsten filament 205, redox reaction takes place, obtain blend melt, after aluminium foil 203 was by burn through, blend melt flowed in the forming cavity 102 of water cooled copper mould 1, the water that is cooled is frozen into cylindric fast, open water cooled copper mould 1, take out columned matrix material, remove the Al on cylindric top 2O 3Slag blanket promptly obtains Cr 7C 3Fe 40Ni 25Cr 25Matrix material.
The above-mentioned Cr for preparing 7C 3Fe 40Ni 25Cr 25Matrix material is used scanning electron microscopic observation tissue topography, and its microstructure of composite is fine and closely woven, the Cr in the material 7C 3Crystal grain is 1.8 μ m, and the Fe-Ni-Cr crystal grain in the material is less than 1 μ m.Measure this Cr with MTS material comprehensive test machine 7C 3Fe 40Ni 25Cr 25The compressive strength of matrix material is 2050MPa.
Embodiment 2:The Cr of system 500g 7C 3Fe 25Ni 40Cr 25Matrix material
Take by weighing NiO, the Cr of 84.8g of FeO, 261.4g of C, the 125.2g of 7.2g 2O 3, 69.6g CrO 3With the Al of 199.3g, the particle diameter of above-mentioned materials is 50 μ m, in the carbon tube 201 of the aluminothermy-quick solidification apparatus as shown in Figure 1 of packing into after mixing.
The forming cavity 102 of the water cooled copper mould of selecting for use during preparation 1 is that diameter is the circle of 3cm, and it regulates water coolant flow velocity 0.03m 3/ min, supply unit output voltage 12V, output rating 2000W.
Behind the switch of pressing on the supply unit, above-mentioned raw materials in the carbon tube 201 is lighted by tungsten filament 205, redox reaction takes place, obtain blend melt, after aluminium foil 203 was by burn through, blend melt flowed in the forming cavity 102 of water cooled copper mould 1, the water that is cooled is frozen into cylindric fast, open water cooled copper mould 1, take out columned matrix material, remove the Al on cylindric top 2O 3Slag blanket promptly obtains Cr 7C 3Fe 25Ni 40Cr 25Matrix material.
The above-mentioned Cr for preparing 7C 3Fe 25Ni 40Cr 25Matrix material is used scanning electron microscopic observation tissue topography, and this microstructure of composite is fine and closely woven, the Cr in the material 7C 3Crystal grain is 1.8 μ m, and the Fe-Ni-Cr crystal grain in the material is less than 1 μ m.Measure this Cr with MTS material comprehensive test machine 7C 3Fe 25Ni 40Cr 25The compressive strength of matrix material is 1720MPa.
Embodiment 3:The Cr of system 500g 7C 3Fe 23Ni 42Cr 25Matrix material
Take by weighing the C of 7.2g, the Fe of 45.9g 3O 4, the NiO of 200.0g, the Cr of 84.8g 2O 3, 155.2g CrO 3With the Al of 243.0g, the particle diameter of above-mentioned materials is 50 μ m, in the carbon tube 201 of the aluminothermy-quick solidification apparatus as shown in Figure 1 of packing into after mixing.
The forming cavity 102 of the water cooled copper mould of selecting for use during preparation 1 is that diameter is the circle of 3cm, and it regulates water coolant flow velocity 0.03m 3/ min, supply unit output voltage 12V, output rating 2000W.
Behind the switch of pressing on the supply unit, above-mentioned raw materials in the carbon tube 201 is lighted by tungsten filament 205, redox reaction takes place, obtain blend melt, after aluminium foil 203 was by burn through, blend melt flowed in the forming cavity 102 of water cooled copper mould 1, the water that is cooled is frozen into cylindric fast, open water cooled copper mould 1, take out columned matrix material, remove the Al on cylindric top 2O 3Slag blanket promptly obtains Cr 7C 3Fe 23Ni 42Cr 25Matrix material.
The above-mentioned Cr for preparing 7C 3Fe 23Ni 42Cr 25Matrix material is used scanning electron microscopic observation tissue topography, and this microstructure of composite is fine and closely woven, the Cr in the material 7C 3Crystal grain is 1.8 μ m, and the Fe-Ni-Cr crystal grain in the material is less than 1 μ m.Measure this Cr with MTS material comprehensive test machine 7C 3Fe 23Ni 42Cr 25The compressive strength of matrix material is 1580MPa.
The Cr that the present invention obtains 7C 3-FeNiCr matrix material: alloy base is ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure even is nanostructure to have excellent more mechanical property than general cast alloy, is used for the Cr of wild phase 7C 3In carbide, not only can refinement matrix structure, can also play the effect of dispersion-strengthened.
Aluminothermy-fast solidification technology among the present invention is compared with above-mentioned two kinds of technologies and had the following advantages: 1, the thermite reaction thermal discharge is big, the adiabatic temperature height, all reaction product that comprise dystectic carbide all are in molten state, therefore can use castmethod to obtain complex-shaped fine and close workpiece; 2, the carbide reaction in generates, with metallographic phase bonding strength height; 3,, can obtain the thinner carbide of crystal grain and strengthen metal composite by the quick cooled and solidified of copper mold; 4, cost is low, and technology is simple, and prepared carbide strengthens the metal composite excellent performance.In addition, the present invention uses aluminium powder to make reductive agent, at first is because aluminium powder is lower than the price of reductive agents such as magnesium, zirconium and titanium, secondly is because the oxide products that obtains as reductive agent with aluminium is an aluminum oxide, the wettability of it and metal melting product is relatively poor, so aluminum oxide separates with metallic product easily.
Cr of the present invention 7C 3-FeNiCr matrix material has the excellent abrasive energy, and good high-temperature corrosion resistance performance is arranged under the hot environment, not only can be used as structured material, and is a kind of important coated material, is widely used in machinery, chemical industry, oil and national defence field.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of employing aluminothermy-fast solidification technology prepares Cr 7C 3The method of-FeNiCr matrix material is characterized in that including following steps:
(A) take by weighing and make aluminothermy-rapid solidification starting material (3) after an amount of metal oxide, carbon dust and aluminium powder mix at normal temperatures, and starting material (3) are packed in the carbon tube (201) of aluminothermy-quick solidification apparatus;
50～83wt% metal oxide, 1～10wt% carbon dust and 16～40wt% aluminium powder are arranged in the starting material (3);
(B) flow velocity of regulating in the cooling water circulation chamber (101) is 0.3～0.5m 3/ min,
Regulate supply unit output voltage 10～36V, output rating 1800～2500W;
(C) switch on the opening power device, tungsten filament (205) igniting, starting material (3) are lighted under the hot conditions of 1800～2500 ℃ of generations carbon tube (201) in;
The metal oxide that takes by weighing in above-mentioned under hot conditions (A) step is reduced by aluminium Al, produces redox reaction, obtains Cr 7C 3, Fe, Ni, Cr and Al 2O 3Blend melt;
In redox reaction, the Al in the above-mentioned blend melt 2O 3Float on the top of metal and carbide blend melt, under the effect of gravity, described metal and carbide blend melt burn through aluminium foil (203) back flow in the forming cavity (102) of water cooled copper mould (1), and cooled and solidified becomes Cr fast 7C 3-FeNiCr matrix material.
2, employing aluminothermy-fast solidification technology according to claim 1 prepares Cr 7C 3The method of-FeNiCr matrix material is characterized in that described metal oxide is:
The Fe of 20～50wt% 2O 3, the NiO of 20～50wt%, the Cr of 10～20wt% 2O 3CrO with 15～35wt% 3, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%; Perhaps
The Cr of the FeO of 20～50wt%, the NiO of 20～50wt%, 20～30wt% 2O 3CrO with 15～30wt% 3, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%; Perhaps
The Fe of 20～50wt% 3O 4, the NiO of 20～50wt%, the Cr of 20～30wt% 2O 3CrO with 15～35wt% 3, and the content sum of above-mentioned each composition is 100%.
3, employing aluminothermy-fast solidification technology according to claim 1 prepares Cr 7C 3The method of-FeNiCr matrix material is characterized in that: described aluminium powder is that particle diameter is the simple substance aluminium powder of 0.5～500 μ m, and the particle diameter of described metal oxide is 0.5～200 μ m, and the particle diameter of described carbon dust is 0.1～200 μ m.
4, a kind of Cr that adopts aluminothermy-fast solidification technology as claimed in claim 1 to prepare 7C 3-FeNiCr matrix material strengthens body by alloy base material and carbide and forms, and it is characterized in that: the weight percent of described alloy base material FeNiCr is 70～97, and described carbide strengthens body material C r 7C 3Weight percent be 3～30; In its alloy base material the weight percent of iron Fe be 20～60, the weight percent of nickel be 30～55 and the weight percent of chromium Cr be 10～25.
5, Cr according to claim 4 7C 3-FeNiCr matrix material is characterized in that: matrix material is Cr 7C 3Fe 40Ni 25Cr 25Perhaps Cr 7C 3Fe 25Ni 40Cr 25Perhaps Cr 7C 3Fe 23Ni 42Cr 25
6, Cr according to claim 4 7C 3-FeNiCr matrix material is characterized in that: Cr 7C 3Cr in the-FeNiCr matrix material 7C 3Crystal grain is 0.1～2.0 μ m, Cr 7C 3Fe-Ni-Cr crystal grain is 0.1～1.0 μ m in the-FeNiCr matrix material, Cr 7C 3-FeNiCr composite material strength is 1300～2300MPa.
7, a kind ofly be used to prepare Cr as claimed in claim 1 7C 3Aluminothermy-the quick solidification apparatus of-FeNiCr matrix material, comprise water cooled copper mould (1), supply unit, it is characterized in that: also comprise reaction vessel (2), reaction vessel (2) is installed on the water cooled copper mould (1), and the tungsten filament (205) in the reaction vessel (2) is connected with supply unit; Described reaction vessel (2) is made of housing (204), carbon tube (201), lagging material (202), tungsten filament (205) and aluminium foil (203), lagging material (202) is filled between carbon tube (201) and the housing (204), tungsten filament (205) is installed on the end cap of carbon tube (201), and the two ends of tungsten filament (205) are stretched out carbon tube (201) and are connected with the positive and negative electrode of supply unit, and the other end port of carbon tube (201) is provided with aluminium foil (203); The cooling water circulation chamber (101) of described water cooled copper mould (1) is a S shape, and its forming cavity (102) is a doline, and flare opening and carbon tube (201) port size is adaptive.
8, aluminothermy-quick solidification apparatus according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described supply unit output voltage is 10V～36V, and output rating is 1800W～2500W; Described lagging material (202) is alumina firebrick or refractory fireclay block; The diameter of described tungsten filament (205) is 0.5～1mm.
CNB2005101325054A 2005-12-27 2005-12-27 Process for preparing Cr7C3-FeNiCr composite by heating aluminium fast solidification tech, and apparatus thereof Expired - Fee Related CN100354442C (en)

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CN100398686C (en) * 2005-12-27 2008-07-02 北京航空航天大学 CrB2-FeNiCr composite material, its preparation method and aluminothermy-quick solidification apparatus
CN100449028C (en) * 2005-12-27 2009-01-07 北京航空航天大学 TiB2-FeNiCr composite material and its preparation method and aluminothermic fast solieification device
CN100449015C (en) * 2005-12-27 2009-01-07 北京航空航天大学 Method of preparing WB-FeNiCr composite material alnminothermic-fast solidification technology and its device
CN100463985C (en) * 2005-12-27 2009-02-25 北京航空航天大学 Method of preparing WC-FeNiCr composite material using aluminothermic-fast solification technology and its device
CN100497688C (en) * 2005-12-27 2009-06-10 北京航空航天大学 Method of preparing TiC-FeNiCrMo composite material using aluminothermic-fast solidification technology
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