CN1772620B - Symmetrical Bayer process of decomposing bauxite - Google Patents
Symmetrical Bayer process of decomposing bauxite Download PDFInfo
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- CN1772620B CN1772620B CN 200410046916 CN200410046916A CN1772620B CN 1772620 B CN1772620 B CN 1772620B CN 200410046916 CN200410046916 CN 200410046916 CN 200410046916 A CN200410046916 A CN 200410046916A CN 1772620 B CN1772620 B CN 1772620B
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Abstract
The symmetrical Bayer process of decomposing bauxite is used in extracting alumina from bauxite, especially from diaspore type bauxite. During the process, the lixiviating solution has sodium aluminate in saturation or over saturation state. After lixiviation, the solution has caustic sodium oxide concentration higher than that in thermodynamic balance between bauxite and sodium aluminate. The process is suitable for treating diaspore type bauxite with Si/Al ratio of 5-17, boehmite type bauxite, gibbsite type bauxite and mixed bauxite. The process can realize the effective decomposition of bauxite in the conditions of low alkali circulating amount and low operation temperature, and has simple technological process, relaxed apparatus requirement, low power consumption and high decomposition rate.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to the extraction metallurgy in hydrometallurgy field, particularly light metal aluminium.It is the novel process that a kind of alkaline process is handled bauxite into alumina.
Background technology
1. traditional Bayer process
Bayer process is the main method of producing aluminum oxide in the world at present, and the core that Bayer process is extracted aluminum oxide is the stripping of bauxite.Bayer process is invented at 1889-1892 by Bayer (Karl Josef Bayer).Be particularly suitable for handling low silicon bauxite, particularly gibbsitic bauxite, have that flow process is simple, the advantage of good product quality.
Bayer process is based on two ultimate principles
[1]:
1) dosing under crystal seed, the continuous stirring condition with the resulting sodium aluminate solution of NaOH solution stripping bauxite, the aluminium in the solution is the aluminium hydroxide branch and parses;
2) mother liquor that obtains after the decomposition at high temperature can be used to the new a collection of bauxite of stripping after evaporation concentration.
Be used alternatingly this two processes, just can handle bauxite many batches ofly and obtain aluminium hydroxide, so-called Bayer process that Here it is.
The essence of Bayer process is exactly that following being reflected under the different conditions carried out towards different directions:
At first at high temperature use NaOH solution stripping bauxite in autoclave, wherein the molten leaching of hydrated alumina comes, and reaction is carried out to the right, obtains sodium aluminate solution, and impurity enters in the residue; Add crystal seed in the sodium aluminate solution behind the separating red mud again,, make reaction separate out aluminium hydroxide to the right constantly carrying out decomposition of crystal seed under the stirring condition.The mother liquor that obtains after the decomposition returns in order to handle the next batch ore.
The essence of Bayer process also can be from Na
2O-Al
2O
3-H
2The Bayer process cycle diagram (accompanying drawing 1) of O system obtains understanding.Be used for that the composition of the sodium aluminate solution (being circulating mother liquor) of hydrated alumina is equivalent to A point among the figure in the stripping bauxite.It at high temperature is undersaturated, has the ability of dissolved oxygen aluminium.In process in leaching, if do not consider the Na that impurity causes in the ore
2The O loss, the composition of solution should be along A point and Al
2O
33H
2O (gibbsite) or Al
2O
3H
2The on line of the composition point of O changes, until saturated.In theory, the one-tenth branch of dissolution fluid can reach this on line and the isothermal intersection point of solubleness, but aborning, actual B point before this just comes to an end, and the AB line is called the stripping line.Need make the solution supersaturation in order therefrom to separate out aluminium hydroxide, add red mud wash liquor for this reason and dilute in solution, solution composition changes to C point along equimolecular than line by the B point, and the BC line is called the dilution line.Behind the separating red mud, reduce temperature, the degree of supersaturation of solution further improves.Decomposition reaction just takes place the adding aluminium hydroxide crystal seed separates out aluminium hydroxide.Solution composition is along C point and Al in the decomposition course
2O
33H
2The on line that O forms point changes.If if be cooled to 30 ℃, the composition of seed precipitation solution can reach on line and 30 ℃ of isothermal intersection points, and actual be when D point solution supersaturation still before this, to finish.The CD on line is called the decomposition line.The molecular ratio that D is ordered is identical with the A point, and by evaporation concentration, solution composition can be got back to the A point again.The DA on line is an evaporation line.The working cycle of tradition Bayer process constitutes a tetragon.
As seen, the solution that consists of A just can extract a collection of aluminium hydroxide through a cycle operation from ore.
2. the reinforcement of Bayer process
The mineral type difference of bauxite, the leaching condition of requirement are also different.Concerning gibbsite, the stripping temperature is generally 120-140 ℃, and boehmite then requires 205-230 ℃, and diaspore more requires 230-245 ℃, even up to 260-280 ℃
[1]For a diaspore of stubbornness, improve the dissolution rate that the stripping temperature can improve aluminum oxide, can also under the prerequisite that guarantees the abundant stripping of aluminum oxide, obtain the dissolution fluid of low causticity ratio.But the raising temperature is subjected to the restriction on the equipment, and causes the increase of energy consumption.
As at the hot operation condition, people have developed the high pressure dissolving-out process of working about 250 ℃, and facts have proved highly effective can be at the canalization dissolving-out process of nearly 260-280 ℃ of work.For canalization technology, because working temperature is too high, the latent heat of vaporization of water vapor is inadequacy, have to use fused salt instead as heating medium
[2]Because the diaspore ore of China is very obstinate, even is also needing to enter remaining tank again to keep the enough reaction times after the piping stripping, this has formed the pipeline-remaining tank technology of distinct Chinese characteristics again
[3]
In fact, many scholars also once studied other various bauxite and strengthened dissolving-out process.
Pawlek etc.
[4]Once used to stir to grind bauxite was carried out mechanical activation processing 15 minutes, obtained the better effects of 95% aluminum oxide stripping aluminium under the normal pressure.Liu Jin etc.
[5]Also carried out similar work.But the high strength ore grinding is a process that energy consumption is very high, and it is reported only to be converted to playing in the lattice less than 10% in the energy consumption and improve the active effect of mineral
[6], so the leaching process that mechanical activation is used for the relatively cheap like this metal of aluminium just is worthy of consideration.
Document
[7]Use the stripping of microwave field reinforced diaspore, also obtain effect preferably, but use pure soda lye stripping in the document, solubility rate is the highest relatively 75.80%.
The people is also arranged
[8]Anatomize the influence of Bayer process dissolution fluid molecular ratio and circulation alkali liquor molecular ratio, in the hope of obtaining the best-of-breed technology economic target to alkali cycle efficiency and energy consumption.
Aspect additive, Soviet Union scholar in 1933 finds that stripping diaspore bauxite must add lime, is widely used industrial at present.Lime can be eliminated TiO in the mineral
2Undesirable action, improve Al
2O
3Dissolution rate, reduce alkaline consumption and improve the red-mud settlement performance
[9]Strontium, barium, magnesium compound, Study on Additive such as calcium aluminate hydrates have also been carried out both at home and abroad
[10,11]
The enrichment dissolving-out technology
[12]At first in the U.S., obtain using in Japan, Australia etc. subsequently, China scientific worker is also inquiring into by enrichment stripping reinforcement Bayer process.This method grinds into ore pulp with the bauxite of easy stripping and directly pumps in the final stage digester or slip flash-pot of Bayer process digestion series, utilizes the stripping that heats up rapidly of the waste heat of high temperature dissolved mineral slurry, further reduces the causticity ratio of dissolution fluid.The major advantage of this technology is to improve the cycle efficiency of Bayer process system, increases output, reduces cost.
3. the problem of Cun Zaiing
Because these researchs all are based on the virgin work original shape of Bayer, thereby various reinforcement bayer process all is subjected to the restriction of original shape.This point by on the Bayer process cycle diagram (accompanying drawing 1) as can be seen:
On the Bayer process cycle diagram, the balance under the differing temps constitutes by two camber lines, and they and base form " mountain " shape.The position on " mountain peak " slightly changes with temperature, and it raises with temperature highly generally.What set up on the camber line of the left side on " mountain peak " is balance between hydrated alumina solid and the sodium aluminate solution, and hydrated alumina can stable existence; But on the right camber line on " mountain peak ", then be the balance between sodium aluminate solution and the sodium aluminate solid crystal, hydrated alumina can not stable existence.In " mountain peak " position of two camber line joinings, hydrated alumina (bauxite) is in thermodynamic equilibrium state with sodium aluminate (or sodium aluminate hydrate).
Visit and the working cycle of method is actual is limited to the left side camber line on " mountain peak ".
Its dissolution rate can be expressed as:
DC/dt=KS (C
Balance-C
Solution)
In the formula: dC/dt-dissolution rate in a flash;
K-dissolution rate constant;
C
Balance, C
SolutionAl in etching solution when-balanced solution and t
2O
3Concentration;
The S-reaction area
As can be seen, under the identical condition of reaction area, dissolution rate and K and (C
Balance-C
Solution) be directly proportional, be subjected to their restriction in other words.Solution approaches equilibrium composition more, and the thermodynamics impellent of stripping reaction is more little, causes dissolution rate slow more.
For hydrargillite, because its chemically reactive height, the K value is just quite big under the lesser temps, then (C
Balance-C
Solution) hour also unlikely outstanding to the influence of stripping.
And a diaspore chemically reactive is extremely low, and the K value is very little under the lesser temps.Industrial in order to keep acceptable production efficiency, two measures that can take are arranged: the one, under lower temperature, keep (C very big in the solution
Balance-C
Solution) finish until stripping, this means needs huge circulation alkali number or evaporated quantity of water; Another is to obtain bigger K value and higher C by elevated temperature
BalanceValue, thus can make the stripping reaction keep bigger speed and when stripping finishes, make (C
Balance-C
Solution) remain an as far as possible little numerical value.Though the circulation alkali number is low like this, speed is fast, have to working under the high-temperature very much.
Big alkali internal circulating load is unacceptable, thereby people have to strengthen bayer process in order to handling a diaspore bauxite by continuous elevated temperature.
The such diaspore particularly decomposition of diaspore needs very harsh temperatures condition, becomes typical " refractory ore ".The bauxite overwhelming majority of China is a diaspore type bauxite.When handling this class ore with traditional Bayer process, require stripping temperature height, the concentration of lye of use is also high.Thereby the processing condition that produce to go up adopt are more harsh when handling gibbsite or boehmite raw material.Brought-the series difficulty for the technology and equipment of the important procedures such as stripping, decomposition, evaporation of Bayer process system.
4. the new approaches of dealing with problems
Before mention that the working range of bayer process is confined to the left side camber line on " mountain peak " in the accompanying drawing 1, thereby the decomposition and inversion of bauxite reaction is subjected to the restriction of bauxite equilibrium solubility in caustic alkali.Concentration of sodium aluminate is more near equilibrium concentration in the solution, and the stripping reaction is difficult to carry out more.In this case, increase extra alkali consumption and can increase solution causticity ratio, system is become help stripping away from balance.Improve the equilibrium solubility that stripping liquid concentration also can improve aluminium by strengthening evaporation capacity, make system away from balance to strengthen stripping.In fact too high circulation alkali number and evaporated water all are difficult to bear, people then come strengthening process by improving temperature, under the high temperature not only the speed of chemical reaction be improved, the equilibrium solubility of bauxite has also increased, stripping is greatly strengthened.But the raising of stripping temperature has also brought a series of problems such as device fabrication, operation and energy consumption.
If can jump out the circle of traditional Bayer process, when stripping, transfer to use the caustic solution of higher concentration (crossing " summit " position), equilibrium conversion in the system is the dissolution-crystallization balance between sodium aluminate solution and sodium aluminate crystal, and then gibbsite, boehmite still are that diaspore all can not stable existence.Can know by inference, when using the caustic solution of such higher concentration to leach, what constantly take place in the system is to be in the bauxite of very big unsteady state constantly is decomposed into sodium aluminate solution by caustic soda reaction on the thermodynamics.Can see that by accompanying drawing 1 the high density caustic solution is limited more to the dissolving power of sodium aluminate.Along with the carrying out of reaction, the concentration of sodium aluminate constantly increases.After caustic solution is reached capacity, sodium aluminate aluminium crystal will begin constantly to separate out.Caustic solution still has the ability of decomposing bauxite so on the one hand, and solution is again to the sodium aluminate supersaturation on the other hand.Whole leaching process is actual to become two following successive processess:
The process in leaching of bauxite will carry out can't equilibrium establishment leaving greatly far away under the EQUILIBRIUM CONDITION in other words, has very large thermodynamics impellent.Then aforementioned Bayer process makes the limited situation of leaching not exist because of the thermodynamics impellent is not enough.Because process is strengthened greatly, high stripping temperature is no longer very necessary for the stripping of bauxite.In other words, bauxite (the particularly main aluminum-containing mineral-diaspore of China) will relatively be become " easily handling " by " difficult ".
The very caustic solution of high density has been used in the research of many reinforcement strippings, and reality has been moved to process the right side on " mountain peak " in the state diagram when stripping.As Ke family fine horses in 1991 etc.
[13]Reported the research that makes the electricity consumption dissolving-out process handle Used in Guangxi Pingguo Bauxite Project, used bauxite is salic 62.6%, and alumina silica ratio is 14.8.Amount 30 grams in ore deposit during stripping, NaOH consumption 52 grams, the moisture 17-25% of ore pulp.After passing to alternating-current, slurry temperature rises rapidly, is up to 300 ℃.Stripping is finished after about 30 minutes, and solubility rate reaches 96.9% relatively.
Bi Shiwen in 1999 etc.
[14]Also reported the research that makes the electricity consumption dissolving-out process handle Henan bauxite.They use stainless cylinder of steel as electric reactor for leaching, insert stainless steel bar therein, with tank body together as two electrodes of power supply input.Used bauxite is salic 66.3%, and alumina silica ratio is 6.38.Be under 0.75 the condition, to use NaOH to decompose bauxite in liquid-solid ratio.Pass to 5 amperes of alternating-current in the process, ore pulp is constantly heated until boiling, stops experiment before doing admittedly.Ingredients molecular ratio is that 2 o'clock relative solubility rates reach 80.13%, and ingredients molecular ratio increases to 3 o'clock relative solubility rates and reaches 87.24%.This method advantage is that temperature of reaction is lower, dissolution time is short, equipment is also fairly simple, also needn't add the solubility rate of lime, aluminum oxide than higher.
Unit is bright bright
[15]Delivered in 2002 and to be entitled as " high dense medium method intensive treatment-diaspore bauxite " literary composition, reported the research of using high density NaOH solution stripping Used in Guangxi Pingguo Bauxite Project.Provided the content of aluminum oxide in the bauxite by the grade scope in the literary composition, changed between 62.6-68.13%, alumina silica ratio is about 16.In NaOH/ ore deposit=4/1 (rough calculation prepare burden as can be known molecular ratio be about about 8), the CaO addition is 8%, and temperature is to handle 90 minutes under 280 ℃ the condition, and solubility rate reaches 98.7% relatively.Do not give the consumption of water outlet in the literary composition, contain the high dense NaOH medium system of less water, can realize the high temperature stripping under the normal pressure but the author claims use.Then NaOH concentration is amounted to causticity sodium oxide concentration 74.4% at least 96%.
More than the NaOH solution of very high even high concentration has all been used in research, has guaranteed higher digesting efficiency of alumina.
Yet, the processing of bauxite industrial be continuous working cycle, seminal fluid can only obtain being dissolved with the causticity sodium hydroxide solution of a great deal of sodium aluminate after decomposition, obtain circulating mother liquor by evaporation, returns the bauxite stripping that is used for next cycle.But what use in these researchs all is pure NaOH solution, does not consider the influence of solvable aluminum oxide.Expection can impact result of extraction when using circulating mother liquor.
In fact calculate as can be known, if when stripping, use the caustic solution of high density, even then the circulation alkali number level of still keeping traditional Bayer process also can cause steaming in the production process increase of the water yield.And all used a large amount of caustic alkali in these researchs, this means very high circulation alkali number.Must cause the huge steaming water yield, cause the rapid rising of evaporation energy consumption.
In addition, join that alkali number is excessive also can be caused the dissolution fluid molecular ratio higher (the dissolution fluid molecular ratio that obtains as the bright high dense medium stripping diaspore of research such as bright of unit is 8
[16]), influence follow-up decomposition process and even full cycle operation.
It seems if simply use high density caustic solution stripping bauxite, can when strengthening process in leaching, cause a series of problems again.So best operational path should be a reinforcement stripping of having utilized high density caustic alkali on the one hand, not only avoids the increase of alkali internal circulating load on the other hand again, even also will reduce the circulation alkali number greatly.Satisfy this two conditions, just might more successfully realize strengthening stripping, energy saving purposes.
Reference
1) the stupid metallurgy of lightweight metals of Yang Chong. Beijing: in June, 1991 pp29-30 of metallurgical industry press, 39.
2) the Bayer process stripping of Bi Shiwen bauxite. Beijing: in March, 1997 pp208-228. of metallurgical industry press
3) old ten thousand female Bao Zeke producing aluminium oxide by bayer are strengthened the method Chinese patent CN88108014.4 of stripping
4)Pawlek?F.The?leaching?behavior?of?bauxite?during?mechanical-chemical-treatment.Light?Metals1992：91～95
Power chemistry such as it is bright that 5) Liu Jin dragon will is strange before consolidating are to the effect Zhongnan Polytechnic Univ journal (natural science edition) 1999,30 (3) of bauxite stripping: 266-269
6)Boldyrev?V.V.Mechanochemistry?and?mechanical?activation?of?solids?Solid?State?Ionics.1993，63-65(1-4)：537-543
7) diaspore type bauxite stripping under the big peace microwave action of the strong earlier Wang Dian assistant fourth of Guo. non-ferrous metal 1995,47 (4): 55-57
8). the cycle efficiency light metal 2003 of Tian Xingjiu opinion Bayer process alkali, 5:18-22
9)Whittington，B.I.The?chemistry?of?CaO?and?Ca(OH)
2?relating?to?the?Bayer?process.Hydrometallurgy1996，43(1-3)：13-35
10) Zhang Lun and Xu Qi pears king are to the influence of beautiful different additive to the stripping of diaspore type bauxite Bayer process. light metal .1995,7:9-14
11)Paspaliaris?I，Karalis?A.The?effect?of?various?additives?on?diasporic?bauxite?leaching?by?Bayer?process.Light?metals.1993：35-39
12) add the feasibility analysis of ore deposit solubilising dissolving-out technology after the stripping of Lv Zi sword Yin middle forest diaspore ore. light metal .1997,11:24-26
13) the pretreated research of Wang second place Ke family fine horse bauxite alkalescence slurry alternating electric field.Chemical industry metallurgical 1991,12 (2): 114-121
14) the grand grade of the civil and military Yang Yi of army of Bi Shi bauxite alkali lye ore pulp electricity stripping mechanism research. light metal .1997,7:9-13
15) the dense medium method intensive treatment of the bright bright height of unit diaspore type bauxite. non-ferrous metal 2002,54 (1): 33-36
16) unit is bright bright. open virtuous high causticization coefficient sodium aluminate solution deep desiliconization. and chemical industry metallurgical 1999,20 (4): 342-346
Summary of the invention
1. the technical problem that will solve
The invention provides a kind of new reinforcement dissolving-out process, be used to handle the particularly diaspore ore of " difficult " of bauxite.
2. the technical scheme that is adopted
The working cycle of novel process as shown in Figure 2.
It is different with traditional Bayer process to be used for the composition of sodium aluminate solution (being circulating mother liquor) of stripping bauxite, is positioned at the right side on " mountain peak ", is equivalent to A point in the accompanying drawing 2.It is saturated to sodium aluminate, has the ability of dissolving bauxite but carry on as before because of thermodynamics is former.Along with temperature raises, solution strengthens gradually to the dissolving power of aluminium.If there is the sodium aluminate crystal in the system, then will dissolve.Meanwhile, the continuous stripping of bauxite liquid, the composition point of system rises gradually, finally reaches the isothermal intersection points B of sodium aluminate dissolving degree.After arriving the B point, though system is saturated to sodium aluminate again, still can stripping bauxite.Along with bauxite is dissolved into solution earlier, solution becomes gets supersaturation and constantly separates out the sodium aluminate crystal.Corresponding liquid phase is formed point and is gradually changed to the C point.The ABC line is called the stripping line; In order therefrom to separate out aluminium hydroxide, in solution, add red mud wash liquor and dilute, the sodium aluminate crystal in the solution obtains dissolving, and solution composition changes to the D point by the C point along the solubility curve of sodium aluminate.Along with the carrying out of dilution, further change to the E point than line again along equimolecular, the CDE line is called the dilution line; Behind the separating red mud, reduce temperature, the degree of supersaturation of solution further improves.Decomposition reaction just takes place the adding aluminium hydroxide crystal seed separates out aluminium hydroxide.Solution composition is along E point and Al in the decomposition course
2O
33H
2The on line that O forms point changes.If if be cooled to 30 ℃, the composition of seed precipitation solution can reach on line and 30 ℃ of isothermal intersection points, and actual be when F point solution supersaturation still before this, to finish.The EF on line is called the decomposition line; Consist of seed precipitation solution that F orders by evaporation concentration, solution composition changes to the G point along equimolecular than line.Further evaporation can be got back to the A point again.The FGA on line is an evaporation line.After arriving the A point, can produce the sodium aluminate crystallization in the solution.Can come out by centrifugation, when the next cycle dissolution fluid dilutes, incorporate system into.Also can not add separation, be directly used in stripping bauxite.The working cycle process of novel process has been crossed over the both sides on " mountain peak ", hollow " V " word that shape as a back-off.
With regard to the working concentration of stripping operation, this technology is at Na
2O-Al
2O
3-H
2Be positioned at the right on the O figure, and traditional Bayer process is positioned at the left side, the two is in symmetric position; In addition, system was formed the left side one side (seeing accompanying drawing 1) that only limits to " mountain peak " when traditional Bayer process was worked, and hollow " V " word that the circulation shape of novel process as a back-off, left-right symmetry (seeing accompanying drawing 2).Therefore, this novel process called after " symmetrical Bayer process ".
Feature of the present invention is:
1. after stripping is finished, the concentration of the causticity sodium oxide the when concentration of causticity sodium oxide is greater than the common thermodynamic(al)equilibrium of hydrated alumina (bauxite) under the stripping temperature and sodium aluminate (or sodium aluminate hydrate) in the solution;
2. ingredients molecular ratio is 1.05-1.70.Preferred value is 1.10-1.45;
3. use the low liquid-solid ratio condition stripping of 0.3-1.5, preferred value is 0.45-0.75;
4. working temperature is 100-220 ℃, and preferred value is 150-200 ℃.
5. dissolution time is 10-120 minute
6. the alumina silica ratio of handled bauxite is 5-17;
7.CaO addition be the 1-25% of bauxite weight;
8. be suitable for processing-diaspore, boehmite and gibbsitic bauxite, and both or three's mixed type bauxite in diaspore, boehmite and the gibbsite.
3. beneficial effect of the present invention.
Use this technology can under low alkali internal circulating load and low working temperature, realize effective decomposition of bauxite.Technology is simple, the device fabrication requirement is relatively low, energy consumption is low, rate of decomposition is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is traditional Bayer process round-robin fundamental diagram.
Fig. 2 is symmetrical Bayer process round-robin fundamental diagram.
Embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
Add NaOH 7.2Kg, Na in the reactor for leaching
2OAl
2O
32.5H
2O 8.2Kg, water 4.7Kg, bauxite 10Kg.180-186 ℃ of stripping discharging after 120 minutes.Red mud after filtration, the washing, the oven dry post analysis, contain Al
2O
319.98%, SiO
213.22%, amount to relative solubility rate 93.0%.
Embodiment 2. bauxite and leaching condition be with embodiment 1, but allocate CaO 850g into when batching.The dried red mud of gained contains Al
2O
316.78%, SiO
213.04%, amount to relative solubility rate 96.1%.
Embodiment 3. bauxite and leaching condition be with embodiment 1, but allocate CaO 900g into when batching, 185-190 ℃ of stripping 60 minutes.The dried red mud of gained contains Al
2O
316.90%, SiO
213.01%, amount to relative solubility rate 95.9%.
Embodiment 4. bauxite are with embodiment 1.
Add NaOH 7.2Kg, Na in the reactor for leaching
2OAl
2O
32.5H
2O 8.2kg, CaO 900g, water 4.7Kg, bauxite 12.5Kg.190 ± 5 ℃ of stripping dischargings after 90 minutes.Red mud after filtration, the washing, the oven dry post analysis, contain Al
2O
317.98%, SiO
213.28%, amount to relative solubility rate 95.2%.
Embodiment 6. bauxite are with embodiment 1.
Add NaOH 7.2Kg, Na in the reactor for leaching
2OAl
2O
32.5H
2O 8.2Kg, CaO 800g, water 4.7Kg, bauxite 12.5Kg.210-220 ℃ of stripping discharging after 30 minutes.Red mud after filtration, the washing, the oven dry post analysis, contain Al
2O
316.18%, SiO
213.18%, amount to relative solubility rate 97.7%.
Embodiment 7. pingguo bauxites contain Al
2O
363.68%, SiO
23.60%, Fe
2O
313.88%, CaO 0.08%, TiO
23.46%, igloss 13.86%, main aluminum-containing mineral composition is a diaspore.
Add NaOH 6.8Kg, Na in the reactor for leaching
2OAl
2O
32.5H
2O 7.7Kg, CaO 550g water 5.0Kg, bauxite 12Kg.180-186 ℃ of stripping discharging after 120 minutes.Red mud after filtration, the washing, the oven dry post analysis, contain Al
2O
310.71%, SiO
27.56%, amount to relative solubility rate 97.5%.
Embodiment 8. bauxite contain Al
2O
355.37%, SiO
25.45%, Fe
2O
312.61%, TiO
22.52%, igloss 23.16%, main aluminum-containing mineral composition is a gibbsite.
Add NaOH 7.2Kg, Na in the reactor for leaching
2OAl
2O
32.5H
2O 8.2Kg, water 4.7Kg, bauxite 14Kg.130-140 ℃ of stripping discharging after 45 minutes.Red mud after filtration, the washing, the oven dry post analysis, contain Al
2O
312.47%, SiO
210.12%, amount to relative solubility rate 97.5%.
Embodiment 9. bauxite contain Al
2O
365.56%, SiO
29.98%, Fe
2O
39.41%, TiO
22.62%, main aluminum-containing mineral composition is a diaspore.
Add NaOH 6.8Kg, Na in the reactor for leaching
2OAl
2O
32.5H
2O 7.7Kg, CaO 700g water 5.0Kg, bauxite 12Kg.180-186 ℃ of stripping discharging after 120 minutes.Red mud after filtration, the washing, the oven dry post analysis, contain Al
2O
323.17%, SiO
213.65%, Na
2O 3.51%.Amount to relative solubility rate 87.14%.
Claims (4)
1. one kind is extracted method of alumina from bauxite, uses present method to handle bauxite, and dissolution fluid is in saturated or hypersaturated state to sodium aluminate,
It is characterized in that:
1) after stripping is finished, the concentration of the causticity sodium oxide the when concentration of causticity sodium oxide is greater than bauxite and sodium aluminate under the stripping temperature or the common thermodynamic(al)equilibrium of sodium aluminate hydrate in the solution;
2) ingredients molecular ratio is 1.05-1.70;
3) the condition stripping of the low liquid-solid ratio of use 0.3-1.5;
4) working temperature is 100-220 ℃;
5) dissolution time is 10-120 minute.
2. method according to claim 1, the alumina silica ratio of handled bauxite are 5-17.
3. method according to claim 1, the addition of CaO are the 1-25% of bauxite weight.
4. method according to claim 1, used bauxite are boehmite and gibbsitic bauxite, and both or three's mixed type bauxite in diaspore, boehmite and the gibbsite.
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| CN100386451C (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2008-05-07 | 中南大学 | Low temperature bauxite leaching process |
| JP2016517385A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2016-06-16 | ナルコ カンパニー | Cross-linked ethyl sulfonated dihydroxypropyl cellulose |
| CN107235501A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-10-10 | 东北大学 | The method that low-grade bauxite low temperature alkali soluble produces aluminum oxide by-product silicon product |
| CN109179467A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-11 | 中铝山东有限公司 | A method of gallium is removed to the low pregnant Bayer process liquor of concentration containing gallium |
| CN113247924A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-13 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Two-stage low-temperature digestion method for boehmite-gibbsite mixed bauxite |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5122349A (en) * | 1988-10-27 | 1992-06-16 | Aluminiumipari Troszt | Process for producing alumina |
| WO1994003396A1 (en) * | 1992-07-29 | 1994-02-17 | Alcan International Limited | Improved process and apparatus for digestion of bauxite |
| RU2096327C1 (en) * | 1996-04-01 | 1997-11-20 | Акционерное общество открытого типа "Всероссийский алюминиево-магниевый институт" | Method for producing alumina from sideritized bauxites by bayer process |
| CN1324765A (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2001-12-05 | 郑州轻金属研究院 | Alumina producing process with hydraulic duralumin-type bauxite concentrate |
| CN1405090A (en) * | 2002-11-12 | 2003-03-26 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Bayer production method for aluminium oxide |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5122349A (en) * | 1988-10-27 | 1992-06-16 | Aluminiumipari Troszt | Process for producing alumina |
| WO1994003396A1 (en) * | 1992-07-29 | 1994-02-17 | Alcan International Limited | Improved process and apparatus for digestion of bauxite |
| RU2096327C1 (en) * | 1996-04-01 | 1997-11-20 | Акционерное общество открытого типа "Всероссийский алюминиево-магниевый институт" | Method for producing alumina from sideritized bauxites by bayer process |
| CN1324765A (en) * | 2000-05-19 | 2001-12-05 | 郑州轻金属研究院 | Alumina producing process with hydraulic duralumin-type bauxite concentrate |
| CN1405090A (en) * | 2002-11-12 | 2003-03-26 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Bayer production method for aluminium oxide |
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