CN1718774A - Deep cooling treatment method of high speed steel tool - Google Patents
Deep cooling treatment method of high speed steel tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN1718774A CN1718774A CN 200510046799 CN200510046799A CN1718774A CN 1718774 A CN1718774 A CN 1718774A CN 200510046799 CN200510046799 CN 200510046799 CN 200510046799 A CN200510046799 A CN 200510046799A CN 1718774 A CN1718774 A CN 1718774A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000171 quenching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0nMS4wJyBlbmNvZGluZz0naXNvLTg4NTktMSc/Pgo8c3ZnIHZlcnNpb249JzEuMScgYmFzZVByb2ZpbGU9J2Z1bGwnCiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM6cmRraXQ9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cucmRraXQub3JnL3htbCcKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSdodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICB4bWw6c3BhY2U9J3ByZXNlcnZlJwp3aWR0aD0nODVweCcgaGVpZ2h0PSc4NXB4JyB2aWV3Qm94PScwIDAgODUgODUnPgo8IS0tIEVORCBPRiBIRUFERVIgLS0+CjxyZWN0IHN0eWxlPSdvcGFjaXR5OjEuMDtmaWxsOiNGRkZGRkY7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmUnIHdpZHRoPSc4NS4wJyBoZWlnaHQ9Jzg1LjAnIHg9JzAuMCcgeT0nMC4wJz4gPC9yZWN0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PScxMy4zJyB5PSc1My42JyBjbGFzcz0nYXRvbS0wJyBzdHlsZT0nZm9udC1zaXplOjIzcHg7Zm9udC1zdHlsZTpub3JtYWw7Zm9udC13ZWlnaHQ6bm9ybWFsO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eToxO3N0cm9rZTpub25lO2ZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OnNhbnMtc2VyaWY7dGV4dC1hbmNob3I6c3RhcnQ7ZmlsbDojRTg0MjM1JyA+SDwvdGV4dD4KPHRleHQgeD0nMjguMicgeT0nNjIuOScgY2xhc3M9J2F0b20tMCcgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZToxNXB4O2ZvbnQtc3R5bGU6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm1hbDtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO3RleHQtYW5jaG9yOnN0YXJ0O2ZpbGw6I0U4NDIzNScgPjI8L3RleHQ+Cjx0ZXh0IHg9JzM1LjAnIHk9JzUzLjYnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTAnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6MjNweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiNFODQyMzUnID5PPC90ZXh0Pgo8L3N2Zz4K O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001131 transforming Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
A deep cooling method for treating the cutting tool made of high-speed steel in order to elongate its service life includes such steps as quenching, tempering, precooling, deep cooling in liquefied N2 at -185--196 deg.C , holding the temp for a certain time calculated by an equation, recovering its temp to room temp and heating it in boiling water for 60 min. For the large cutting tool, said steps can be performed 2-3 times.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the thermal treatment process technology field that belongs to metallic substance, relates to the thermal treatment of steel workpiece, specially refers to deep cooling treatment method of high speed steel tool.
Background technology
In the prior art, be used for the speedy steel cutting-tool effect preferably cryogenic treatment process be: 1 time+deep cooling+tempering of quenching+tempering 1 time, the soaking time of sub-zero treatment is that the net thickness or the effective diameter of workpiece multiply by 5～8 minutes/millimeter, and the sub-zero treatment mode adopts the direct immerseable of liquid method more.
The problem of speedy steel cutting-tool cryogenic treatment process existence at present is that times of tempering is more, and energy consumption is big.Cryogenic treatment process is not considered incubation period of sub-zero treatment phase transformation to make separating out of carbide insufficient, thereby can not improve the work-ing life of speedy steel cutting-tool more significantly to the calculating of deep cooling soaking time.In addition, directly the mode of immersing can cause the severe thermal of workpiece surface is impacted, and forms crizzle, influences the sub-zero treatment effect.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of speedy steel cutting-tool cryogenic treatment process, solve the problem of the big and DeGrain of the power consumption that in the speedy steel cutting-tool sub-zero treatment, exists at present.
Technical scheme of the present invention is that speedy steel cutting-tool carries out quench treatment according to the specific phase critical point of steel grade, carries out a tempering after the quenching, carries out sub-zero treatment after the tempering, and liquid nitrogen temperature is-185～-196 ℃.Adopt liquid method to carry out sub-zero treatment, the cryogenic treatment process process is as follows:
1. before the deep cooling cutter is carried out precooling treatment.
2. the deep cooling of cutter insulation
Calculate the isothermal hold-time of cutter in liquid nitrogen with following formula (1):
T＝I+KD (1)
In the formula T be the deep cooling hold-time (hour); I be incubation period (hour), be the constant relevant with material; K is the coefficient (minute/millimeter) relevant with the sectional dimension of cutter working portion, and the system of selection of COEFFICIENT K is as follows:
The cutter section thickness was got 15 minutes/millimeter less than 5 millimeters K; The cutter section thickness was got 20 minutes/millimeter greater than 5 millimeters K;
The cutter diameter of section was got 16 minutes/millimeter less than 5 millimeters K; The cutter diameter of section was got 22 minutes/millimeter greater than 5 millimeters K
D is the free area size (millimeter) of cutter working portion.
3. the stress-removal of cutter heating
After the sub-zero treatment cutter temperature recovery is arrived room temperature.Carry out one time then more than 1 hour, the unrelieved stress of eliminating after the sub-zero treatment is handled in 100 ℃ low-temperature heat.
Can carry out 2～3 sub-zero treatments to it by above-mentioned technology for complex-shaped or large-scale cutter.
The effect of cryogenic treatment process of the present invention and benefit are because of no longer carrying out tempering after sub-zero treatment, times of tempering is reduced to once, having saved the energy.Find by the transmission electron microscope observation among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, with present cryogenic technology be twice of tempering and deep cooling soaking time be not counted in phase transformation incubation period technology relatively, the rapid steel workpiece after cryogenic technology of the present invention is handled is separated out the M of a large amount of nanoscales in martensite lath
6C or MC type carbide.Because of having taken into account phase transformation incubation period during the hold-time calculating sub-zero treatment, making carbide separate out quantity obviously increases, and is more evenly distributed.Find that by the sem observation among Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 with present cryogenic treatment process comparison, the impact fracture brittle crack quantity of the rapid steel workpiece after this art breading obviously reduces, dimple quantity increases.Experimental result shows that impelling strength improves 1 times, and wear resistance improves 1～2 times.Precooling treatment before the deep cooling has been eliminated the tiny crack that direct immerseable cryogenic technology produces, and makes the sub-zero treatment effect more stable.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the transmission electron microscope details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues photo of the inner carbide precipitate distribution of W18Cr4V rapid steel workpiece after present cryogenic technology is handled.As seen, carbide particle quantity is few, and skewness among the figure.
Accompanying drawing 2 is handled the transmission electron microscope details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues photo of the distribution of the inner carbide precipitate of back W18Cr4V rapid steel workpiece for cryogenic technology of the present invention.As seen, carbide particle quantity obviously increases among the figure, and disperse distributes.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the stereoscan photograph that present cryogenic technology is handled back W18Cr4V rapid steel impact fracture.As seen, there is brittle crack among the figure.
Accompanying drawing 4 is handled the stereoscan photograph of back W18Cr4V rapid steel impact fracture for cryogenic technology of the present invention.As seen, brittle crack disappears among the figure, and dimple quantity increases.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with technical scheme, be described in detail specific embodiments of the invention.
For W18Cr4V steel cutter, quenching temperature is 1280 ℃, and oil quenching carries out a tempering 1 hour after the quenching, and tempering temperature is 600 ℃, carries out sub-zero treatment after the tempering in-185～-196 ℃ liquid nitrogen.Adopt liquid method to carry out sub-zero treatment.The cryogenic treatment process process is as follows:
The precooling of cutter before step 1 deep cooling
Cutter is placed on the liquid level of liquid nitrogen and stopped 30 minutes, or 1/3 of cutter height is put into liquid nitrogen fast do not do stop and take out immediately, also can reach the precooling effect 2～3 times so repeatedly.
The deep cooling insulation of step 2 cutter
Cutter after the precooling is slowly put into liquid nitrogen, and by formula (1) calculates the deep cooling soaking time.I incubation period got 3 hours for W18Cr4V steel knife tool.
The intensification of step 3 cutter
After cutter sub-zero treatment holding stage was finished, the temperature of ging up was to room temperature, and different steel grades adopt different heating modes, and W18Cr4V steel knife tool can be placed in the air and slowly heat up.
The stress-removal heating of step 4 cutter
The cutter that temperature has gone back up to room temperature is put into 100 ℃ boiling water heating and was eliminated stress in 60 minutes, after heating finishes cutter is put into air and lowers the temperature.
For complex-shaped or large-scale W18Cr4V steel knife tool, can carry out 3 sub-zero treatments as stated above.
Sub-zero treatment equipment is an open type 100 liter vacuum insulation equipment, and its technical parameter is: storage medium: liquid nitrogen, liter capacity: 100ml, container day rate of evaporation≤3.5%/day, container closure vacuum tightness≤6.67 * 10
-3Pa, static venting rate≤1.33 * 10 of leaking of container interlayer
-5Pa.L/s, adiabatic method: high vacuum+multilayer multi shields insulation, maximum capacity≤50Kg.
Claims (3)
1. deep cooling treatment method of high speed steel tool, it is characterized in that cutter carries out a tempering after quenching, carry out sub-zero treatment after the tempering, liquid nitrogen temperature is-185～-196 ℃, treats after the sub-zero treatment that cutter is returned to put it in 100 ℃ of boiling water heating after the room temperature 60 minutes.
2. a kind of deep cooling treatment method of high speed steel tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that the isothermal time of sub-zero treatment is: phase transformation incubation period+workpiece sectional dimension coefficient * workpiece sectional dimension.
3. a kind of deep cooling treatment method of high speed steel tool according to claim 1 is characterized in that cutter need carry out precooling treatment before putting into the liquid nitrogen insulation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100467999A CN100390305C (en) | 2005-06-28 | 2005-06-28 | Deep cooling treatment method of high speed steel tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100467999A CN100390305C (en) | 2005-06-28 | 2005-06-28 | Deep cooling treatment method of high speed steel tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1718774A true CN1718774A (en) | 2006-01-11 |
| CN100390305C CN100390305C (en) | 2008-05-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2005100467999A Expired - Fee Related CN100390305C (en) | 2005-06-28 | 2005-06-28 | Deep cooling treatment method of high speed steel tool |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN100390305C (en) |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100445024C (en) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-12-24 | 太原科技大学 | Method for processing high speed steel screw tap |
| CN101982290A (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-03-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Manufacturing method of memory alloy balanced-load connecting damping element |
| CN102296167A (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2011-12-28 | 南车眉山车辆有限公司 | Cryogenic treatment process for 9SiCr die steel used for railway freight cars |
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| JPH08120334A (en) * | 1994-10-17 | 1996-05-14 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | High strength and high toughness stainless steel casting |
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