CN1709091A - Multi-rubbing-bucket fully-automatic tea kneading machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-barrel full-automatic tea kneading machine. The invention adopts a plurality of kneading mechanisms driven by two motors to respectively realize the kneading movement of the kneading mechanism and the indexed rotation movement of the tray. Each kneading mechanism uses three cylinders to respectively realize the lifting and lowering of the kneading cover, the rotation of the kneading cover, and the opening of the feeding cover. All the cylinders and motors of the present invention are controlled by the controller to realize the continuous cycle of the kneading mechanism's feeding process, unloading process, pressurizing process, loosening process, circular translation of the kneading barrel and indexing rotation of the tray control. The loading and unloading of each kneading mechanism and the pressurization and loosening of the kneading process can be carried out independently, and the user parameters are self-set and will not be affected by each other, thereby reducing equipment costs; the quality of the tea kneading machine provided by the invention Stable, high working efficiency, and suitable for assembly line production.

Description

Multi-barrel automatic tea rolling machine

technical field

The invention belongs to a tea processing machine, in particular, the invention relates to a continuous tea rolling machine.

Background technique

Rolling is an important process in the tea making process. The purpose of rolling is to roll the processed leaves into strips to facilitate drying and shaping; at the same time, destroy the tea cells and knead the tea juice, which is adsorbed on the surface of the tea leaves, making the brewed tea strong and mellow. Therefore, rolling is the main process to create the shape and quality of tea, and it is also the key link to establish the tea's foam resistance. Although the tea rolling quality provided by the current rolling machine is relatively good, the quality of rolling depends too much on the skills of the operator, resulting in differences in the quality of tea leaves in the same batch; moreover, rolling usually works on a single machine, requiring manual loading and unloading, and the efficiency of tea rolling needs to be improved urgently .

The operating principle of existing tea leaves kneading machine is basically the same, and its mechanical structure is all made up of kneading bucket, triangular frame, kneading plate, transmission device and crank mechanism, kneading cover, pressurizing mechanism etc. Among them, the kneading plate is a concave disc in the middle, with ribs on the upper surface and a tea outlet in the center. The crank turning mechanism is connected with the kneading plate through the bearing, and the crank turning mechanism is made up of three cranks. The triangular frame is located directly above the kneading pan, and is a triangular hollow frame consisting of three connecting rods and a ring. The three connecting rods are respectively connected to the three cranks of the crank rotation mechanism through hinges. The kneading barrel is a metal cylinder without a bottom and a cover, and the middle part of its outer circumference is fixed on the inner wall of the triangular frame. The kneading cover is a disc slightly smaller than the diameter of the kneading barrel, and the feeding cover is located below the center of the kneading disc. The crank rotation mechanism is driven, and the kneading bucket is driven by the three connecting rods to make circular translation on the horizontal plane above the kneading plate. In the kneading barrel, the tea leaves are repeatedly turned, kneaded, and rolled through the joint action of the kneading keg movement and the turning of the ribs, so as to knead the strands, knead the cells, squeeze out part of the tea juice, and achieve the purpose of kneading. During the kneading process, the upper and lower floating of the kneading cover is controlled by the spring, and the pressure adjustment is realized by controlling the rise and fall of the kneading cover through the movement of the screw rod and the nut. Tea leaves are put into it from the top of the kneading barrel, and the tea leaves after kneading are discharged from the tea outlet in the center of the kneading plate.

Existing tea rolling machines, such as the commercially available CR-35 tea rolling machine, mainly have the following problems in structure and performance:

(1) The kneading quality is unstable. The existing tea kneading machine has no metering device for throwing leaves, no timing device for kneading, and the time and pressure required for the pressurization process and the loosening process have no electrical control, relying on manual operation, and the randomness is very large. The quality of rolling varies, resulting in uneven quality of finished tea.

(2) The efficiency is not high. The feeding process of the existing tea rolling machine, the pressurization and loosening of the rolling process, and the unloading process have no automatic devices, and must be operated manually, and the efficiency is low; in addition, the existing tea rolling machine is intermittent. The kneading time is long, and it is difficult to coordinate the rhythm with other processes, so it is not suitable to be connected to the production line.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a multi-barrel automatic tea rolling machine, which has stable quality, high working efficiency, and is suitable for assembly line production.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a multi-barrel automatic tea rolling machine, the frame is located directly above the kneading plate, and the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod and the ring The kneading bucket is fixed on the ring, and the crank rotation mechanism is composed of the first crank, the second crank and the third crank, which are respectively connected with the kneading disc through bearings, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod, and the third connecting rod The bearings are respectively connected with the first crank, the second crank and the third crank, and the blanking cover is connected with the kneading plate through a hinge. Connected with the tray, the tray is supported on the machine base by plane bearings, and can rotate around its own center; the structure of each kneading mechanism is: one end of the first piston rod of the first cylinder is connected with the lower material cover through a hinge, and the other end is connected through a hinge. It is connected with the third support rod, and the third support rod is connected with the kneading plate; the second cylinder is connected with the kneading cover through the second piston rod, the cylinder body of the second cylinder, the fifth gear and the fourth connecting rod are connected, and the third cylinder The third piston rod is a rack, which drives the second cylinder to rotate through the fifth gear and the fourth connecting rod; the cylinder body of the third cylinder, the first support rod, and the second support rod are connected with the frame, and the fifth gear and the second The support rods are connected by bearings, and can perform relative rotational movement around the second support rod; the driving device for driving the kneading bucket to perform circular translation on the horizontal plane is: the first motor drives the first crank to rotate through the first transmission chain, and then The kneading barrel is driven to perform circular translation; the driving device for driving the tray for indexing rotation is: the second motor drives the tray shaft to rotate through the second transmission chain, and the tray shaft is connected with the tray, thereby driving the tray for indexing rotation; the first The cylinder, the second cylinder, the third cylinder, the first motor and the second motor are controlled by the controller to realize the control of the feeding process, unloading process, pressurizing process, loosening process, kneading barrel movement and pallet movement of the kneading mechanism. control.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) High processing efficiency. The present invention adopts a plurality of kneading mechanisms, and the loading and unloading of each kneading mechanism, as well as the pressurization and loosening of the kneading process can be carried out independently, and user parameters can be set by themselves without being affected by each other, thereby reducing equipment costs. Increased the efficiency of tea rolling machines.

(2) Processing quality assurance. In the present invention, by controlling the movement of the piston rod of the air cylinder and the size of the air pressure, the control of the time and pressure required for the pressurizing process and loosening process in rolling is realized. At the same time, the time and pressure required for the pressurization process and the pressurization process are determined by the controller according to the user's requirements. Therefore, the processing quality of the kneading leaves can be guaranteed, and the automatic control of pressurization can be realized at the same time.

(3) It is easy to realize continuous production. The invention controls the feeding process, unloading process, pressurizing process, loosening process, kneading barrel movement and tray movement of the kneading mechanism, realizes the automation of the processing process, and is easy to form tea processing with other tea processing equipment production line to achieve continuous tea processing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the kneading barrel, the kneading cover and the second piston rod of the single kneading mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of kneading mechanisms and related structures in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the second cylinder and the third cylinder of the single kneading mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the movement track of the single kneading bucket in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the working process of the single kneading mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, take the use of three kneading mechanisms as an example. The three kneading mechanisms are equally divided on the tray 400 and are directly connected with the tray 400. The tray 400 is supported on the machine base 300 by the plane bearing 350 and can rotate around its own center. The three kneading mechanisms share a feeder 310 , and the feeder 310 is supported by a fixed bracket and is located at a feeding position above the tray 400 . Before feeding, each kneading mechanism must make its kneading bucket reach the feeding position, and then, the green leaves drop from the feeder 310 into the kneading bucket of this kneading mechanism. The three kneading mechanisms are all at the same position for unloading. The kneading mechanism at the unloading position has its tea outlet 540 located directly above the belt transmission system 700. When unloading, the kneading leaves pass through their respective tea outlets and trays 400. The through hole 450 on the top enters the belt transmission system 700 and is sent out by the belt transmission system 700.

The shape and arrangement of kneading barrel 500, kneading cover 510, kneading plate 520 and the ribs on the upper surface of kneading plate 520 in the present invention adopt the corresponding parameters of the kneading machine ministry standard. The diameter of the kneading barrel 500 can be serialized according to the diameter of the existing kneading machine. The height of the kneading barrel 500 is 15 cm lower than the outer diameter, and it is made of materials such as aluminum plates or copper plates. The kneading plate 520 is a concave disc in the middle, with ribs on its upper surface. The kneading plate 520 is made of cast iron, covered with aluminum plates, wooden boards or copper plates, and the curvature radius of the outer ribs is 250-270mm. The diameter of the degree circle is 520-580 mm, the ribs are arranged in ten equal parts, and the cross-section of the ribs is sinusoidal half wave.

The structure of each kneading mechanism is: the kneading disc 520 is rigidly connected with the tray 400, and the center of the kneading disc 520 has a tea outlet 540. The frame 550 is located directly above the kneading pan 520 and can be a triangular hollow frame. The frame 550 is composed of a first connecting rod 552, a second connecting rod 554, a third connecting rod 556 and a ring 555. The kneading bucket 500 is a bottomless And the metal cylinder of cover, the middle part of its outer circumference is fixed on the inner wall of annulus 555. The crank turning mechanism is made up of the first crank 131, the second crank 133 and the third crank 135, which are connected with the kneading disc 520 by bearings respectively. . The first connecting rod 552 , the second connecting rod 554 and the third connecting rod 556 are respectively connected with the first crank 131 , the second crank 133 and the third crank 135 through bearings. In this way, the first crank 131 is driven, and the kneading barrel 500 is driven by the first connecting rod 552 , the second connecting rod 554 , and the third connecting rod 556 to perform circular translation on the horizontal plane above the kneading disc 520 . The kneading cover 510 is a disc slightly smaller than the diameter of the kneading bucket 500, which seals the kneading bucket 500 to a certain extent, and can pressurize and loosen the tea leaves in the kneading process. The blanking cover 530 is located below the center of the kneading plate 520, and is connected with the kneading plate 520 through a hinge fixed on the kneading plate 520 to control the opening of the tea outlet 540. One end 611 of the first piston rod of the first cylinder 610 is connected with the blanking cover 530 through a hinge, and the other end is connected with the third support rod 615 through a hinge, and the third support rod 615 is connected with the kneading plate 520 . In this way, the first air cylinder 610 can be used to open and close the blanking cover 530 . The second cylinder 620 is connected with the kneading cover 510 through the second piston rod 625, and is used to realize the rise and fall of the kneading cover 510. The cylinder body of the second cylinder 620, the fifth gear 636 and the fourth connecting rod 623 are rigidly connected. The cylinder body of the air cylinder 630 , the first support rod 631 , and the second support rod 632 are rigidly connected with the triangular frame 550 , so that the third air cylinder 630 is supported on the triangular frame 550 . The fifth gear 636 is connected with the second support rod 632 through a bearing, and can rotate relative to the second support rod 632 .

The driving device that drives the kneading barrel 500 to perform circular translation on the horizontal plane is: the first motor 100 is driven by the first worm gear pair 111, the first sprocket 112, the second sprocket 114, the first chain 113, and the first gear 115. , the second gear 116, the kneading shaft 121, the center wheel 122, the planetary gear 123, the third sprocket 124, the fourth sprocket 126 and the first transmission chain formed by the second chain 125 drive the first crank 131 to rotate, and then drive the kneading Barrel 500 makes circular translation.

In this embodiment, three branches are divided from the center wheel 122 to drive the kneading barrel 500, 502 and 504 to move respectively. A drive chain consisting of cranks and connecting rods. And the transmission chain that is made of the first worm gear pair 111, the first sprocket wheel 112, the second sprocket wheel 114, the first chain 113, the first gear 115, the second gear 116, the kneading shaft 121, the center wheel 122 is three shared by branches.

The driving device for driving the tray 400 to perform indexing rotation is: the second motor 200 drives the tray shaft 221 to rotate through the second transmission chain composed of the second worm gear pair 211 , the third gear 212 , the fourth gear 213 and the tray shaft 221 , the tray shaft 221 is rigidly coupled with the tray 400, thereby driving the tray 400 to perform indexing rotation.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the third piston rod of the third cylinder 630 is a rack 635 , and the second cylinder 620 is driven to rotate through the fifth gear 636 and the fourth connecting rod 623 . The kneading cover 510 and the second piston rod 625 follow the rotation of the second cylinder 620, and the rotational movement of the kneading cover 510 can give way to the space for feeding, preventing the second cylinder 620 from interfering with the feeding of green leaves.

As shown in FIG. 5 , when kneading, the kneading barrel 500 moves in a circular motion on the horizontal plane above the kneading plate 520 to realize the kneading movement required for the tea kneading process. Specifically, the kneading motion of the kneading bucket 500 is a kind of translational motion, and the trajectory of each point on the kneading bucket 500 is a circular motion. During the movement, the kneading bucket 500 does not perform any rotational movement around its central axis. As shown in e diagram in Fig. 5, the movement track of the central axis 501 of the kneading barrel is a circle with the length of the crank as the radius, which coincides with the circumference of the tea outlet 540 in the present invention. In addition, when any kneading mechanism needs to be loaded or unloaded, the tray 400 must perform an indexing and rotating motion so that the current kneading barrel is at the required loading or unloading level. The driving device for driving the tray 400 for indexing and rotating motion is common to all kneading mechanisms, and is used for switching between kneading mechanisms.

Each kneading mechanism in the present invention uses three cylinders to realize the rise and fall of the kneading cover 510, the rotation of the kneading cover 510, and the opening of the blanking cover 530 respectively. The second air cylinder 620 and the third air cylinder 630 are controlled to realize the loading of the kneading mechanism, and the first cylinder 610 is controlled to realize the unloading of the kneading mechanism. The specific process is as follows: when material needs to be loaded, the second cylinder 620 drives the kneading cover 510 to rise, and the controller confirms that the kneading cover 510 is above the kneading bucket 500, sends an instruction to the third cylinder 630, and passes through the fifth gear 636 and the gear. The bar 635 can unscrew the kneading cover 510 to allow the loading space to wait for loading; when the loading is completed, the controller sends an instruction to the third cylinder 630, and the kneading cover 510 can be rotated and closed by the fifth gear 636 and the rack 635. When it is confirmed that the kneading cover 510 has been closed, the second cylinder 620 drives the kneading cover 510 to move up and down according to the instruction generated by the current pressurization scheme, and adjusts the air pressure to pressurize or loosen the tea leaves in the kneading process; when the kneading barrel 500 When material needs to be unloaded, the tray 400 rotates until the current kneading barrel is at the unloading position, and the controller sends an instruction to the first cylinder 610 to open the unloading cover 530, while the kneading bucket 500 continues kneading relative to the kneading plate 520 Movement, after finishing the blanking, the controller sends an instruction to the first cylinder 610 again, and the blanking cover 530 is closed.

The loading and unloading of each kneading mechanism, as well as the pressurization and loosening of the kneading process, can be independently set by the parameters, and will not be affected by each other. When each kneading mechanism needs to load or unload, it will immediately send out its own interrupt signal, and the controller will process the interrupt signals sequentially, so that the loading and unloading of each kneading mechanism can be carried out independently without being affected by each other. The kneading process of each kneading mechanism also controls the movement of the piston rod and the air pressure of the second cylinder according to the time, so as to realize the control of the time and pressure required for the pressurization process and the loosening process in the kneading process. For the kneading time, young leaves should master the principle of "light pressure and short kneading", generally 20 to 25 minutes; old leaves should grasp the principle of "heavy pressure and long kneading", generally 45 to 50 minutes. The law of pressurization is "light-heavy-light", and the specific time and pressure are implemented according to the standards issued by the Kneading Machine Ministry according to the current actual situation.

As shown in Figure 6, the present invention regards the entire processing process of the kneading mechanism as a cycle process of "feeding → kneading → unloading → loading". The blanking cover 530 is closed, and loading is carried out. After confirming that the loading is complete, turn off the kneading cover 510, and confirm that the kneading cover 510 has been closed. After the feeding is completed, the kneading barrel 500 must be made to knead, and the kneading process begins. During the rolling process, the second cylinder 620 drives the kneading cover 510 to move up and down according to the instructions generated by the current pressurization and decompression scheme, and pressurizes the tea leaves during the rolling process. After kneading is completed, the tray 400 must be rotated in degrees to make the kneading barrel 500 reach the discharge level. After confirming that it is in the discharge position, the discharge cover 530 is opened to discharge. After confirming that the blanking is complete, close the blanking cover 530, rotate the tray 400 in degrees, and make the kneading barrel 500 reach the loading position. next cycle. The invention completes the cycle process of "feeding → kneading → unloading → loading", controls the feeding process, unloading process, kneading barrel movement and pallet movement of the kneading mechanism, and realizes the automation of the processing process.

The ministerial standard of kneading machine is to evaluate the performance of kneading machine by using indicators such as sliver forming rate, cell destruction rate and broken tea rate of kneading leaves. In order to examine the performance of the present invention, a comparative test was carried out with a commercially available CR-35 tea rolling machine. Table 1 is a comparison table of green tea sliver rate and broken tea rate under different rolling machines, and Table 2 is a comparison table of main component contents of green tea under different rolling machines.

Table 1 equipment used Strip rate (%) Broken tea rate (%) CR-35 >80 <2 Prototype provided by the invention >82 <1.7

Table 2 equipment used Tea polyphenols (%) Amino acid (%) Soluble sugar (%) Chlorophyll (%) CR-35 27.95 3.5 1.26 1.70 Prototype provided by the invention 27.90 3.5 1.25 1.70

From the result analysis of the test, the sliver yield and broken tea rate of the multi-barrel full-automatic tea rolling machine provided by the present invention are equivalent to those of the CR-35 type tea rolling machine.

Claims (5)

1. multi-rubbing-bucket fully-automatic tea kneading machine, framework be positioned at kneading disk directly over, form by first connecting rod, second connecting rod, third connecting rod and annulus, rub barrel is fixed on the annulus, crank up mechanism is made up of first crank, second crank and the 3rd crank, links by bearing and kneading disk respectively, and first connecting rod, second connecting rod, third connecting rod link by bearing and first crank, second crank, the 3rd crank respectively, the blanking lid links by hinge and kneading disk, it is characterized in that:

At least adopt two to knead mechanism, it kneads mechanism's five equilibrium on pallet (400), and connects with pallet (400), and pallet (400) is supported on the support (300) by plane bearing (350), can be around self center rotation;

Each structure of kneading mechanism is: first piston bar one end (611) of first cylinder (610) links by hinge and blanking lid (530), and the other end connects with the 3rd support bar (615) by hinge, and the 3rd support bar (615) links with kneading disk (520); Second cylinder (620) by second piston rod (625) with rub lid (510) and connect, the cylinder body of second cylinder (620), the 5th gear (636) connect with the 4th connecting rod (623), the 3rd piston rod of the 3rd cylinder (630) is tooth bar (635), drives second cylinder (620) rotation by the 5th gear (636), the 4th connecting rod (623); The cylinder body of the 3rd cylinder (630), first support bar (631), second support bar (632) connect with framework (550), link by bearing between the 5th gear (636) and second support bar (632), can make relative rotary motion around second support bar (632);

Driving rub barrel (500) is made circular translational on horizontal plane drive unit is: first motor (100) drives first crank (131) by first driving-chain and rotates, and then drive rub barrel (500) is made circular translational;

Driving tray (400) as the drive unit that calibration rotatablely moves is: second motor (200) is by the rotation of the second driving-chain driving tray axle (221), and pallet axle (221) connects with pallet (400), thereby driving tray (400) rotatablely moves as calibration;

First cylinder (610), second cylinder (620), the 3rd cylinder (630), first motor (100) and second motor (200) are realized the control to material loading process, blanking process, pressure process, loose pressure process, rub barrel motion and the tray motion of kneading mechanism by controller control.

2. multi-rubbing-bucket fully-automatic tea kneading machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described shared loader of mechanism (310) of kneading, loader (310) is supported by fixed support, is positioned at the material loading position of pallet (400) top.

3. multi-rubbing-bucket fully-automatic tea kneading machine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described first driving-chain by first worm couple (111), first sprocket wheel (112), second sprocket wheel (114), first chain (113), first gear (115), second gear (116), knead axle (121), a centre wheel (122), planetary gear (123), the 3rd sprocket wheel (124), the 4th sprocket wheel (126) and second chain (125) formation.

4. multi-rubbing-bucket fully-automatic tea kneading machine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described second driving-chain is made of second worm couple (211), the 3rd gear (212), the 4th gear (213) and pallet axle (221).

5. multi-rubbing-bucket fully-automatic tea kneading machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described second driving-chain is made of second worm couple (211), the 3rd gear (212), the 4th gear (213) and pallet axle (221).

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