CN1635357A - Scratch hardness reference device - Google Patents
Scratch hardness reference device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1635357A CN1635357A CN 200310122474 CN200310122474A CN1635357A CN 1635357 A CN1635357 A CN 1635357A CN 200310122474 CN200310122474 CN 200310122474 CN 200310122474 A CN200310122474 A CN 200310122474A CN 1635357 A CN1635357 A CN 1635357A
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- impact body
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Abstract
This invention relates to Richter hardness basic device, which comprises the following: base socket on the workbench; impact part with tungsten carbide ball head; guiding cylinder to control the impact part radium direction; impact part lift clamper structure; control device; speed test device and data collection device, wherein the impact part gets energy form the gravity and the speed test device adopts the laser Doppler speed test system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hardness measuring device, particularly a kind of standard apparatus of measuring the test specimen lee ' hardness belongs to the Technology of Precision Measurement field.
Background technology
The lee ' hardness measuring method, be to invent later 1970s by Switzerland doctor D.LEEB, it is dynamic stiffness test method based on the energy measurement principle, the basis of its test principle is to make to keep a constant energy (D type 11Nmm, G type 90Nmm) impact body impacts on the static material test specimen, resilience is got up again, and measurement resilience fashion is present in the energy (residual amount of energy) in the sample, and this residual amount of energy is promptly represented the size of lee ' hardness.The lee ' hardness value is defined as:
In the formula: HL-lee ' hardness value
V
Instead-bounce-back speed
V
Dash-impact velocity
Small and exquisite, exquisite with this test principle development and mass-produced portable Leeb Hardness Tester, obtain promotion and application widely rapidly at home, outward.
Portable Leeb Hardness Tester is made up of Apparatus for Impacting at low-temp and electronic console, structure is seen Fig. 1, and Apparatus for Impacting at low-temp is made up of the impact body of band tungsten carbide bulb, the guide cylinder of controlling the impact body radial position, impact body energy applicator, release clamping device, control device, speed measuring device etc.The impact body energy applicator is made of a bearing tube and the impact spring that is installed in the bearing tube, discharging clamping device and control device is made up of the switch of a clamp and the action of control clamp, speed measuring device adopts electromagnetic probe, and it is made of with the coil that is fixed on the guide cylinder front portion the permanent magnet that is installed in the impact body.Its course of work is earlier guide cylinder to be pushed bearing tube, come up then, at this moment impact body is clamped by clamp, and impact spring compressed, press release-push, clamp is just decontroled impact body, and impact body is because the test specimen surface is launched in spring action, electromagnetic probe is measured impact velocity and the bounce-back speed apart from one millimeter position of specimen surface, and by formula calculates the lee ' hardness value.Because all there are defective in impact spring, permanent magnet and solenoid aspect accuracy and the long-time stability, can not keep stable measuring accuracy.
All do not have the lee ' hardness standard set-up at present both at home and abroad, the indicating value of the lee ' hardness piece of its calibration Leeb Hardness Tester traces static Vickers, ball hardness number, belongs to indirect amount and passes, and has conversion error.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency poor for the long-time stability that overcome present Leeb Hardness Tester, that measuring accuracy is low the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of lee ' hardness standard apparatus, its measuring accuracy height, and long-time stability are good.
Lee ' hardness measurement mechanism of the present invention, the worktable, the impact body of band tungsten carbide bulb, the guide cylinder of control impact body radial position, the impact body rising that comprise base, be placed on the base discharge clamping device, control device, speed measuring device and data acquisition processing device, impact spring has been abandoned in the acquisition that is characterized in the impact body energy, and adopt terrestrial gravitation fully is the mode of gravity, like this, the invariant position before as long as impact body discharges, its energy also is constant.For accuracy and the stability that improves velocity survey, speed measuring device adopts laser doppler velocimeter system.
For the convenience of measuring hardness, accurately, control device adopts electric-control system, it mainly is made up of Programmable Logic Controller, driver and photoelectric tube etc., finish clamping, release, rising, decline, the position judgment of impact body by this electric-control system, functions such as drift selection, and have manual and automatic two kinds of implementations; Data acquisition processing device adopts digital collection system that is made of digital storage oscilloscope and the data handling system that mainly is made of microcomputer, connects by 488 interfaces between digital collection system and the data handling system.Computing machine passes through quick, the accurate and effective transmission of original Doppler signal that the realization of 488 interfaces is gathered oscillograph like this, and according to the original Doppler signal that obtains, finally obtains the lee ' hardness value by low-pass filtering, phase calculation, speed calculation etc.
Laser doppler velocimeter system mainly is made up of laser instrument, spectroscope, receiver etc., and uses bragg cell to realize the velocity reversal differentiation, is used for the speed of tracking measurement impact body at whereabouts and springback process.Improved the accurate of velocity survey more, also be further enhanced with regard to the accuracy that makes hardness measurement.
The present invention is directly according to the lee ' hardness test principle, records the lee ' hardness value by the residual amount of energy of measuring impact body, has realized the direct transmission of quantity value of lee ' hardness, has avoided conversion error.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is portable Leeb Hardness Tester structural drawing
Fig. 2 is a structured flowchart of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a structural representation of the present invention
Among Fig. 3,1. base, 2. worktable, 3. sample, 4. guide cylinder, 5. impact body 6. discharges clamping device, 7. riser guide, 8. laser velocimeter device, 9. screw mandrel, 10. lifting handwheel, 11. electric-control systems, 12. computing machines, 13. number extraction systems, 14. laser velocimeter devices.
Embodiment
The present invention be light harvesting, mechanical, electrical system in the very high device of the automaticity of one, form by main frame, impact body, electric-control system, laser doppler velocimeter system, number extraction system, data handling system etc.Structured flowchart is seen Fig. 2.
Main frame discharges clamping device (6), riser guide (7), screw mandrel (9) and lifting handwheel (10) etc. by base (1), worktable (2), guide cylinder (4), impact body (5), impact body and forms.Its base weighs 400 kilograms, and is firm, stable, satisfies the requirement of lee ' hardness dynamic test.Elevating mechanism and clamping device are used to discharge D type impact body and G type impact body, carry out the calibrating of lee ' hardness HLD and HLG scale.The quality D type of impact body (5) is 5.5g ± 0.05g, and the G type is 20g ± 0.05g, and top design has step, is convenient to clamping device (6) clamping and holds up, and makes impact body (5) discharge the preceding free state that fully keeps.The bulb of impact body uses the tungsten carbide bulb of diameter 3mm and 5mm by test method.
Electric-control system (11) mainly is made up of Programmable Logic Controller, driver and photoelectric tube etc.Finish clamping, release, rising, the decline of impact body; Position judgment, functions such as drift selection have manually and automatic two kinds of implementations.
Laser velocimeter device (8) (14) mainly is made up of laser instrument, spectroscope, receiver etc., and use bragg cell to realize the velocity reversal differentiation, connect with electric wire between laser velocimeter device (8) and (14), be used for the speed of tracking measurement impact body at whereabouts and springback process.Adopt laser Doppler speed measuring device to measure impact velocity and the bounce-back speed of impact body in distance specimen surface 1mm position, it has following characteristics:
Non-cpntact measurement; The spatial resolution height; Dynamic response is fast, and is minimum with light velocity propagation inertia; The measuring accuracy height; The measurement range is big; The sensitivity of measuring speed direction is good; This device has used bragg cell, can carry out the differentiation of velocity reversal.
Number extraction system (13) adopts digital storage oscilloscope, and sampling rate can reach 1G/s/4CH.Quick, the accurate and effective transmission of original Doppler signal that computing machine (12) is gathered oscillograph by the realization of 488 interfaces, and, finally obtain the lee ' hardness value by low-pass filtering, phase calculation, speed calculation etc. according to the original Doppler signal that obtains.
Introduce measuring process of the present invention below:
Preheating: before the work, open the power switch of computing machine (12), number extraction system (13) and laser velocimeter system (8) respectively, and preheating 30 minutes.
Manual mode
1) operation computer software, and input relevant information;
2) on the control panel of electric-control system (11), select manual mode;
3) on the control panel of electric-control system (11), select corresponding scale button (D type or G type);
4) open the electric-control system shift knob;
5) impact body of choosing (5) is put into guide cylinder (4) lower end,, clamp releasing mechanism (6) this moment and will automatically impact body (5) be clamped picking-up by the clamping button on control system (11) panel;
6), clamp releasing mechanism (6) and will drive impact body (5) rising automatically in guide cylinder (4), up to the working position by the rising button;
7) " zero line detection " button on the click computer software interface detects the velocity-measuring system zero line;
8) " sampling " button on the click computer software interface begins sampling;
9) press release-push, clamp releasing mechanism (6) and will unclamp impact body (5), impact body (5) can free-falling, impacts on the examination face of sample (3) and bounce-back;
10) " beginning to calculate " button on the click software interface calculates impact body speed and tested sample hardness number automatically;
11) repeat aforesaid operations, take multiple measurements, obtain the mean value and the unevenness of final tested sample.
Automatic mode
1) operation computer software, and input relevant information;
2) on the control panel of electric-control system (11), select automatic mode;
3) on the control panel of electric-control system (11), select corresponding scale button (D type or G type);
4) impact body of choosing (5) is put into guide cylinder (4) lower end, by the shift knob on control system (11) panel, clamp releasing mechanism (6) this moment and will automatically impact body (5) be clamped picking-up and drive impact body (5) automatic rising in guide cylinder (4), up to the working position;
5) " zero line detection " button on the click computer software interface detects the velocity-measuring system zero line;
6) " sampling " button on the click computer software interface begins sampling;
7) on the control panel of electric-control system (11), press " test " button, clamp releasing mechanism (6) and will unclamp impact body (5), impact body 5 meeting free-fallings, impact on the examination face of sample (3) and bounce-back, clamping releasing mechanism this moment can descend automatically, and clamping impact body (5) is prepared to discharge to the working position next time again.；
8) " beginning to calculate " button on the click software interface calculates impact body speed and tested sample hardness number automatically;
9) repeat aforesaid operations, take multiple measurements, obtain the mean value and the unevenness of final tested sample.
This device has following advantage:
1. this device impact body adopts freely falling body delivery mode, energy precise control, good reproducibility.
2. this device adopts the laser Dppler veloicty measurement principle to realize impact, the measurement of bounce-back speed Tracking, the real-time height, and data are accurate;
3. utilize above-mentioned two method first Application in the hardness measurement field, unprecedented.
4. this device precision height can be used as standard apparatus, has solved the direct amount arraign topic of lee ' hardness.
5. this method is traceable to basic dimension such as wavelength and time.
6. the whole operating process of this device realize action and signals collecting and data processing such as impact body clamping automatically by computer control, can print verification result and certificate automatically, and are easy to operate;
7. this device list calibrating point operation process of the test is 20 seconds only, and work efficiency is high.
8. this device software adopts The visual design, and working interface is succinct, single, friendly.
The present invention can be applicable to the test of lee ' hardness D type and G type lee ' hardness piece.Measurement range is (200～900) HLD/HLG.
Claims (3)
1. lee ' hardness standard apparatus, the worktable, the impact body of band tungsten carbide bulb, the guide cylinder of control impact body radial position, the impact body rising that comprise base, be placed on the base discharge clamping device, control device, speed measuring device and data acquisition processing device, it is characterized in that: it is gravity that the impact body energy obtains to adopt terrestrial gravitation fully, and speed measuring device adopts laser doppler velocimeter system.
2. lee ' hardness standard apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described control device adopts electric-control system, finish clamping, release, rising, decline, the position judgment of impact body by this electric-control system, functions such as drift selection, and have manually and automatic two kinds of implementations; Data acquisition processing device adopts digital collection system that is made of digital storage oscilloscope and the data handling system that mainly is made of microcomputer, connects by 488 interfaces between digital collection system and the data handling system.
3. lee ' hardness standard apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that having adopted bragg cell in the described laser doppler velocimeter system, thereby realizes the differentiation of impact body velocity reversal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310122474 CN1635357A (en) | 2003-12-25 | 2003-12-25 | Scratch hardness reference device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310122474 CN1635357A (en) | 2003-12-25 | 2003-12-25 | Scratch hardness reference device |
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| CN1635357A true CN1635357A (en) | 2005-07-06 |
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| CN 200310122474 Pending CN1635357A (en) | 2003-12-25 | 2003-12-25 | Scratch hardness reference device |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102494966A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 江南大学 | Automatic hardness detection device for table tennis balls |
| CN102778406A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2012-11-14 | 东莞市恒宇仪器有限公司 | Calibration method of paint film pendulous hardness meter |
| US8920995B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-12-30 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Systems and methods for predicting polarization curves in a fuel cell system |
| CN105115818A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-12-02 | 无锡斯贝尔磁性材料有限公司 | Tooling fixture for testing E-direction mechanical strength |
| CN108362589A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-08-03 | 袁萍 | A kind of architectural engineering brick rigidity detection device |
| CN113176160A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-27 | 国能锅炉压力容器检验有限公司 | Uniform-velocity rebound hardness test method based on average impact rebound velocity measurement |
-
2003
- 2003-12-25 CN CN 200310122474 patent/CN1635357A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102494966A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 江南大学 | Automatic hardness detection device for table tennis balls |
| CN102494966B (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-04-17 | 江南大学 | Automatic hardness detection device for table tennis balls |
| CN102778406A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2012-11-14 | 东莞市恒宇仪器有限公司 | Calibration method of paint film pendulous hardness meter |
| US8920995B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-12-30 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Systems and methods for predicting polarization curves in a fuel cell system |
| CN105115818A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-12-02 | 无锡斯贝尔磁性材料有限公司 | Tooling fixture for testing E-direction mechanical strength |
| CN105115818B (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2018-10-30 | 无锡斯贝尔磁性材料有限公司 | A kind of test tool fixtures of the E to mechanical strength |
| CN108362589A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-08-03 | 袁萍 | A kind of architectural engineering brick rigidity detection device |
| CN108362589B (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2020-12-29 | 焦东升 | Brick hardness testing device for building engineering |
| CN113176160A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-27 | 国能锅炉压力容器检验有限公司 | Uniform-velocity rebound hardness test method based on average impact rebound velocity measurement |
| CN113176160B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-11-08 | 国能锅炉压力容器检验有限公司 | Uniform-velocity rebound hardness test method based on average impact rebound velocity measurement |
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