CN1584523A - Electronic clinical thermoneter - Google Patents

Electronic clinical thermoneter Download PDF

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CN1584523A
CN1584523A CNA2004100566449A CN200410056644A CN1584523A CN 1584523 A CN1584523 A CN 1584523A CN A2004100566449 A CNA2004100566449 A CN A2004100566449A CN 200410056644 A CN200410056644 A CN 200410056644A CN 1584523 A CN1584523 A CN 1584523A
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temperature
value
electronic thermometer
information
time
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时田宗雄
富冈繁
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Omron Healthcare Co Ltd
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Omron Healthcare Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01K13/20—Clinical contact thermometers for use with humans or animals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/42—Circuits effecting compensation of thermal inertia; Circuits for predicting the stationary value of a temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations

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Abstract

The present invention provides an electronic body-temperature thermometer with high accuracy of temperature measurement in a short operating time. The electronic body-temperature thermometer uses a parameter of temperature rise status from measurement start until about 20 seconds in the initial stage to predict the equilibrium temperature. Such a parameter is used to calculate the time required from maximum of the gradient of temperature rise curve start to a certain constant value tau (e.g., 0.2), and to calculate the temperature gradient at a period between certain time and 5 seconds before using an equation of Delta5T(t)=T(t)-T(t-5), and then to calculate the predicted equilibrium temperature Tb(t) by using an equation of Tb(t)=AT(t)+BDelta5T(t)+Ctau+D .

Description

Electronic thermometer
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of prediction type electronic thermometer.
Background technology
Electronic thermometer roughly is divided into two classes.One class is called as the actual measurement formula.This is the electronic thermometer that the temperature with the temperature element in temperature measurement fraction shows strictly according to the facts.About such actual measurement formula clinical thermometer, be its temperature measurement fraction be placed into measurand the oxter or mouthful in, temperature is no longer risen the temperature (equilibrium temperature) of time point as body temperature.Measure equilibrium temperature with actual measurement formula thermometer, need place in mouth 5 minutes generally speaking, the time more than 10 minutes is placed in the oxter.In actual measurement formula thermometer, the hummer of can ringing when the temperature rising is lower than certain value is also arranged, thus the thermometer that end temp is measured.At this moment, can finish to measure with 3～5 minutes times, but the temperature value of measuring to be lower than the real balance temperature value a little.
The another kind of electronic thermometer that is prediction type.This prediction type electronic thermometer adopts statistical method and hot delivery type to sample according to the relation of temperature rising curve characteristics and equilibrium temperature, and calculated correction value, this corrected value add that temperature value is exactly the prediction (with reference to patent documentation 1～4) to equilibrium temperature.These prediction type electronic thermometers just demonstrated and predict the outcome beginning to measure the back in 1～2 minute.
About prediction type electronic thermometer in the past, based on temperature and the thermograde of certain time, perhaps suppose the formula that a heat when having considered the small items heating is transmitted, analyze with the prediction equilibrium temperature by carrying out curve of approximation etc.At this moment, the initial value of serviceability temperature upcurve is not only considered the part through after a while after in fact, represents the part of the spontaneous interior of articles of temperature to the body surface transmission method.Be the influence that the initial part of temperature rising curve is subjected to the A-stage of temperature measurement fraction and skin surface easily, add these states random deviation easily takes place, so the initial part of temperature rising curve except in calculating.
But, the method that is adopted about in the past prediction type electronic thermometer, because do not consider the influence at similar above-mentioned measurement initial stage, the degree of accuracy of the short more prediction of Measuring Time is poor more generally speaking.For this reason, make better just necessary wait of degree of accuracy of prediction, need the time till the influence of process initial stage disappears until initial stage influence disappearance.For example, the predicted time of this type clinical thermometer needs 60 seconds～120 seconds.
Patent documentation 1: the spy opens clear 52-75385 communique;
Patent documentation 2: the spy opens clear 55-78220 communique;
Patent documentation 3: the spy opens clear 59-187233 communique;
Patent documentation 4: special fair 7-111383 communique.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the invention of conventional art problem just, and its purpose is to provide a kind of can carry out the thermometric electronic thermometer of pinpoint accuracy in the short time.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of electronic thermometer, possess temperature-detecting device, be used for take temperature, after beginning to measure temperature, also predict balance body temperature through first temperature information that obtains after the stipulated time and second temperature information that obtains after this.
Like this, initial stage temperature information prediction equilibrium temperature that just can be when beginning to measure is so can carry out the temperature survey of pinpoint accuracy at short notice.
Information through obtaining in about 20 seconds after preferred above-mentioned first temperature information is meant and begins to measure.
Preferred above-mentioned first temperature information is the physical quantity outside the temperature.
Preferred above-mentioned first temperature information is represented the duration that temperature rises, and above-mentioned second temperature information is meant thermograde.
The above-mentioned expression temperature of preferred expression rise first temperature information of duration be meant the thermograde value from peak value the time to setting.
Preferably have 2 temperature-detecting devices on the different position of the thermal characteristics of being configured in, first temperature information is that second temperature information is the thermograde that is recorded by any temperature-detecting device by the value that difference obtained of the measured temperature of 2 temperature-detecting devices.
Preferably first temperature information that obtains from above-mentioned 2 temperature-detecting devices is meant the value that the linear relationship between the temperature difference that the temperature measured according to arbitrary temperature-detecting device and 2 temperature-detecting devices measure is obtained.
According to the present invention, can provide a kind of clinical thermometer that can carry out the pinpoint accuracy take temperature at short notice.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the prediction type electronic thermometer basic comprising block diagram of the relevant embodiment of the present invention of expression.
Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b) are respectively the skeleton diagrams that expression single-sensor, dual sensor prediction type electronic thermometer constitute.
Fig. 3 represents the time changing curve figure from the temperature sensing actuator temperature rising that begins to measure.
Fig. 4 is the time changing curve figure of actuator temperature rising of expression temperature sensing and temperature rising curve gradient.
Fig. 5 represents that the gradient with the temperature sensor temperature rising curve is the process flow diagram of the equilibrium temperature Forecasting Methodology of parameter.
Fig. 6 is the comparative result curve map of expression about equilibrium temperature Forecasting Methodology of the present invention and previous methods.
Fig. 7 is temperature value T1 (t), the temperature value T2 (t) of second sensor of expression first sensor and the time changing curve figure of T1 (t) and T2 (t) difference DELTA T (t).
Fig. 8 is expression first sensor temperature value T1 (t) and the difference DELTA T (t) of the second sensor temperature value T2 (t) and the graph of relation of this time point temperature T 1 (t).
Fig. 9 is the process flow diagram of the equilibrium temperature Forecasting Methodology of expression dual sensor electronic thermometer.
Figure 10 is temperature value T1 (t), the temperature value T2 (t) of second sensor of expression first sensor and the time changing curve figure of m (t).
Among the figure: 1,10, the 11-electronic thermometer, the 2-temperature measurement fraction, 3-predicts arithmetic section, 4-display part, 5-power supply, 6-power switch, 21-temperature sensor, 211-first temperature sensor, 212-second temperature sensor, 221,222-thermal insulation material.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, the prediction type electronic thermometer of relevant embodiment of the present invention is described.
Fig. 1 is the basic comprising block diagram of expression prediction type electronic thermometer.Prediction type electronic thermometer 1 mainly is made up of the power switch 6 of temperature measurement fraction 2, the prediction arithmetic section 3 of prediction computing equilibrium temperature, the power supply 5 that shows the display part 4, availability forecast arithmetic section 3 and display part 4 electric energy that predict the outcome, conversion electric power input, cut-out.Temperature measurement fraction 2 is just like thermistor equitemperature sensor.The signal that prediction arithmetic section 3 is checked from the temperature sensor of temperature measurement fraction 2 is a basic forecast calculated equilibrium temperature with temperature and elapsed time information.The result of calculation of prediction arithmetic section 3 is transported to display part 4, and 4 show predicted temperature in the display part.
Fig. 2 is the formation outline of expression prediction type electronic thermometer 10,11.
Prediction type electronic thermometer 10,11 is equipped with the main part 7 of cuboid roughly and the bar type probe 8 that extends along long axis direction in the long axis direction end from main part 7.The display part 4 and the power switch 6 of configuration exposing surface on main part 7.Front end at probe 8 is provided with temperature measurement fraction 2.Inner face at the temperature measurement fraction 2 that forms hollow is equipped with temperature sensor 21, from the outside surface of temperature measurement fraction 2 heat is passed to temperature sensor (temperature-detecting device) 21 (Fig. 2 (a)).Temperature sensor 21 is electrically connected with the prediction arithmetic section 3 that is configured in main part 7 inside, and the output of temperature sensor 21 is transferred to prediction arithmetic section 3.
Have, the formation of temperature measurement fraction 2 is not limited to above-mentioned formation again, also can possess first temperature sensor 211,212 two temperature sensors of second temperature sensor.At this, first temperature sensor 211 (temperature-detecting device) and second temperature sensor 212 (temperature-detecting device), have different thermal characteristics (pyroconductivities respectively by getting involved, specific heat, any in the density, perhaps wherein any two kinds, perhaps three kinds combination) material (thermal insulation material 221,222), be configured in the inner face (because the purpose of the configuration of thermal insulation material is to allow thermal characteristics difference to first temperature sensor 211 and second temperature sensor 212, so also can only dispose either party's thermal insulation material) of the temperature measurement fraction 2 that forms hollow.Therefore, being intermediary with thermal insulation material 221 transfers heat to first temperature sensor 211 from the outside surface of temperature measurement fraction 2, similarly, is that intermediary transfers heat to second temperature sensor 212 with thermal insulation material 222.First temperature sensor 211, second temperature sensor 212 all are electrically connected with the prediction arithmetic section 3 that is configured in main part 7 inside, and the output of first temperature sensor 211, second temperature sensor 212 is transferred to respectively in the prediction arithmetic section 3.
Generally speaking, the time change list that the thermistor temp after beginning is measured in oxter, mouth rises is shown as figure as shown in Figure 3.
If the temperature rising formula during this upcurve application of heat small items
[numerical expression 1]
T(t)＝Ts-(Ts-T0)exp(-αt)
In the formula, T (t): time t temperature constantly, Ts: the temperature of heating object (biosome temperature), T0: the initial stage temperature of object, α: constant, with about 20 seconds be boundary, temperature rising curve can separated into two parts (dotted line of Fig. 3).
About measuring about 20 seconds part from beginning to measure in the thermistor temp upcurve, what it is generally acknowledged reflection is shell temperature, the initial stage temperature of probe, the thermaltransmission mode from biosome to probe of biosome.
About measuring about 20 seconds parts afterwards from beginning to measure in the thermistor temp upcurve, represent the reaction of biosome, spontaneous interior of articles is to the hot transmit mode of body surface, and different its temperature variation of measuring object also have nothing in common with each other.Prediction mode in the past be to use in the temperature rising curve from begin to measure measure about 20 seconds after the temperature data of part.
The initial stage shell temperature of biosome reflects the relation of deep temperature and external environment condition and changes.Also can change to the thermaltransmission mode of probe because of contact condition as surface state, measurand and the probe of people, measurand and the probe of measurand.Promptly, even measure same individual, because these states all change when each the measurement, all be in the past enough so that after can not being subjected to the time that temperature information influenced of the similar above-mentioned part that changes easily, adopt the temperature information that changes more stable part on the temperature rising curve.But, on the contrary by utilizing deep temperature that these initial stage temperature rising parts show and external environment condition, thermaltransmission mode, surface state, contact condition information to probe, testing at short notice, and improve degree of accuracy.The information of these relevant temperature variation in the initial stage that begins to measure the stipulated time (for example measuring about 20 seconds time period) from beginning to measure, expression deep temperature and external environment condition, the thermaltransmission mode to probe, surface state, contact condition, the information that is reflected is equivalent to first temperature information.Relative therewith, the information of (for example from begin to measure measure about 20 seconds after) relevant temperature variation after beginning to measure the stipulated time, the reaction of expression biosome, spontaneous interior of articles is to the hot transmit mode of body surface, and the information that is reflected is suitable with second temperature information.But it is about 20 seconds that this stipulated time is not limited to, and various factors can cause it to change.
As the example of parameter of expression initial stage temperature propradation, in the type that adopts the single-sensor type, the maximal value that can adopt the gradient (Δ T (t)) from temperature rising curve (was represented with τ (sec) Fig. 4 to the time of a certain fixed value (for example 0.2).)。This is the parameter of expression initial stage portion temperature rising continued case.
Fig. 5 is the example that the concrete equilibrium temperature Forecasting Methodology of this parameter is used in expression.
At first, (step 1) obtains the temperature T (t) (step 2) from temperature sensor 21 outputs to start timing when beginning to measure.
Secondly, judge whether that satisfied temperature T (t) is higher than 31 ℃, perhaps T (t)-T (t-0.5) is higher than any one the condition (step 3) in 0.2 ℃.When satisfying an above-mentioned condition at least, timing (step 4) resets.On the other hand, in step 3, in the time that above-mentioned condition can not be satisfied, return step 2.
After step 4 resets timing, obtain temperature T (t) (step 5) again from temperature sensor 21 outputs.Then, the difference according to the preceding 2 seconds data of the temperature of this time point and this time point calculates thermograde Δ T (t)=T (t)-T (t-2.0) (step 6).Then, whether the thermograde Δ T (t) that judges this time point is less than thermograde Δ T (the t-0.1) (step 7) before 0.1 second.In step 7, the thermograde before the thermograde of this time point was with 0.1 second equates or when wanting big, returns step 5.In step 7, during thermograde before the thermograde of this time point was less than 0.1 second, just the clocking value t substitution tm (step 8) of this time point.
Once more, judge that whether thermograde Δ T (t)=T (t)-T (t-2.0) is less than 0.2 ℃ of (step 9).In step 9, when thermograde Δ T (t) is equal to, or greater than 0.2 ℃, return step 8.In step 9, as thermograde Δ T (t) during less than 0.2 ℃, just the clocking value t substitution tn (step 10) of this time point.
Then, calculate τ=tn-tm (step 11) by tm and tn.So the τ that calculates be exactly thermograde from peak value to 0.2 ℃ of required time of less than.
Then, by difference accounting temperature gradient delta 5T (t)=T (t)-T (the t-5) (step 12) of the preceding 5 seconds data of this time point and this time point.
Utilize these numerical value bases
[numerical expression 2]
Tb(t)＝AT(t)+BΔ 5T(t)+Cτ+D (1)
Perhaps
[numerical expression 3]
Tb(t)＝T(t)+EΔ 5T(t)+Fτ+G (2)
Calculate prediction equilibrium temperature Tb (t) (step 13).
Use Tb as follows (t).For example, calculate Tb (t) value continuously, whether judge the change value less than the numerical value that sets in advance (0.1 ℃), (step 14) when not satisfying these conditions, is returned step 12 perhaps to have judged whether over regular times such as t=30 second.Then, when satisfying one of these conditions, just the Tb of this time point (t) value is shown in display part 4 (step 15) as predicted value.The A here, B, C, D (E, F, G) be meant and obtain mass data in advance, and according to different statistical methods and definite constant.
As an example of Forecasting Methodology in the past, consider formula
[numerical expression 4]
Tb(t)＝AT(t)+BΔ 5T(t)+C (3)
The prediction accuracy of the formula (1) of it and an example of the present invention is compared.With 10 seconds be the unit time division, obtain the best ABCD value (when being formula (1)) of each chronomere respectively.ABC (when being formula (3)) utilizes body temperature result such as Fig. 6 of this value prediction 77 people.
30 seconds coefficient is respectively
A=0.725, B=5.536, C=-0.0732, D=10.857 in the formula (1)
A=0.705, B=4.815, C=11.123 in the formula (3).
As shown in Figure 6, begin when adopting formula of the present invention (1) to measure, can obtain and the identical numerical value of time point degree of accuracy after it to measuring on 30 seconds the time point.Relative therewith, if the formula (3) before adopting will just can obtain the identical data of degree of accuracy through 50 seconds time after then beginning to measure at least.So, compare with prediction type electronic thermometer in the past, the present invention can carry out the measurement of bldy temperature of pinpoint accuracy at short notice.
Even the electronic thermometer with double temperature sensor shown in Fig. 2 (b) as the parameter of expression initial stage temperature propradation, also can adopt the temperature difference Δ between interior first temperature sensor 211 of identical time and second temperature sensor 212 12(Fig. 7 is with τ (sec) expression the time to a certain fixed value (for example 0.5) from peak value for T (t)=T1 (t)-T2 (t).)。The balance body temperature Forecasting Methodology of this moment just is replaced as Δ to the Δ T (t) in the process flow diagram shown in Figure 5 12T (t).As shown in Figure 7, because begin to measure Δ certainly to measuring about 30 seconds time period 12T (t) is highly stable, so, be that parameter just can correctly be predicted body temperature at short notice with this value.
Except above-mentioned, the example as expression initial stage temperature rising parameter also can adopt the maximal value of differential and differential to reach the required time of maximal value etc.
(second embodiment)
Shown in Fig. 2 (b),, can adopt other parameter prediction balance body temperature if adopt the electronic thermometer 11 of double temperature sensor.Formation explanation in the first embodiment about electronic thermometer 11 below illustrates Forecasting Methodology.
Temperature difference and the temperature of this moment that electronic thermometer 11, the first temperature sensors 211 of double temperature sensor and second temperature sensor 212 are housed are linear, utilize this point to obtain the eigenwert at initial stage.That is, after a period of time, the difference DELTA of the temperature value T1 (t) of first temperature sensor 211 and the temperature value T2 (t) of second temperature sensor 212 12The temperature T 1 (t) of T (t) and this time point satisfies the linear relation (Fig. 8) of following numerical expression.
[numerical expression 5]
T1(t)＝HΔ 12T(t)+m
H or the m of this moment are used as eigenwert.
Fig. 9 represents to be equipped with the concrete equilibrium temperature Forecasting Methodology of the electronic thermometer 11 of double temperature sensor.Here the situation of utilizing m is described.
At first, when beginning to measure, start timing (step 21), obtain the time series temperature data of first temperature sensor 211 and second temperature sensor 212, obtain temperature T (t) (step 22) from arbitrary output.
Secondly, judge whether that satisfied temperature T (t) is higher than 31 ℃, perhaps T (t)-T (t-0.5) is higher than any one condition (step 23) in 0.2 ℃.When satisfying an above-mentioned condition at least, timing (step 24) resets.On the other hand, in step 23, in the time that above-mentioned condition can not be satisfied, return step 22.
In step 23, reset after the timing, obtain temperature T 1 (t) and obtain temperature T 2 (t) (step 25) according to the temperature output of second temperature sensor according to the temperature output of first temperature sensor.Then, calculate temperature difference Δ between the temperature T 1 (t) that detects by first temperature sensor 211 of this time point and the temperature T 2 (t) that detects by second temperature sensor 212 12T (t)=T1 (t)-T2 (t) (step 26).
By a plurality of T1 (t), Δ 12T (t) calculates and satisfies m=T1 (t)-H Δ 12The m of T (t), H (step 27).Specifically, such as serving as to obtain data at interval with 1 second, t is during second for process, according to
[numerical expression 6]
m＝T1(t)-HΔ 12T(t)
M=T1 (t-1)-H Δ 12The simultaneous equations of T (t-1) is obtained m, H, the m of this moment and H as the parameter of m (t).Continue to carry out such calculating successively.
The m that tries to achieve as stated above (t) became steady state value as shown in figure 10 in the time of about 10 seconds.The numerical value that becomes when constant is used as m, and specifically, whether the absolute value of difference of judging the m (t-1) that the m (t) of this time point and this time point are preceding 1 second is less than 0.1 (step 28).In step 28, when the absolute value of the difference of m (t) and m (t-1) surpasses 0.1, return step 25.On the other hand, in step 28, when the absolute value of the difference of m (t) and m (t-1) less than 0.1 the time, the m of this time point (t) is used as m (step 29).
Then, according to before this time point and this time point as the difference of the data before 5 seconds determine the thermograde Δ 12T (t)=T (t)-T (t-5).
Adopt these, according to formula
[numerical expression 7]
Tb(t)＝IT(t)+JΔ 12T(t)+Km+L (4)
Perhaps
[numerical expression 8]
Tb (t)=IT (t)+N Δ 12T (t)+Om+P (5) calculates Tb.About Tb (t), such as the value of calculating Tb (t) continuously, whether the absolute difference of judging the value Tb (t-1) that the value Tb (t) of this time point and this time point are preceding 1 second less than the numerical value that sets in advance (0.1 ℃), perhaps judges whether to have passed through the set times (step 31) such as t=30 second.In step 31, when not satisfying above-mentioned condition, return step 30.On the other hand, in step 31, when satisfying an above-mentioned condition at least, just the Tb of this time point (t) value is shown in display part 4 (step 32) as predicted value.The I here, J, K, L (N, O, P) are the constants that is provided with in advance.
By in conjunction with the initial stage information of said temperature upcurve and information subsequently, can be in the short time about 30 seconds correct predicted temperature.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of electronic thermometer, possess temperature-detecting device, be used for take temperature, it is characterized in that, after beginning to measure temperature, also predict balance body temperature through first temperature information that obtains after the stipulated time and second temperature information that obtains after this.
2, electronic thermometer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the information through obtaining in about 20 seconds after described first temperature information is meant and begins to measure.
3, electronic thermometer according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described first temperature information is the physical quantity outside the temperature.
4, electronic thermometer according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described first temperature information is represented the duration that temperature rises, and described second temperature information is meant thermograde.
5, electronic thermometer according to claim 4 is characterized in that, represent described expression temperature rise first temperature information of duration be meant the thermograde value from peak value the time to setting.
6, electronic thermometer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, have 2 temperature-detecting devices on the different position of the thermal characteristics of being configured in, first temperature information is that second temperature information is the thermograde that is recorded by any temperature-detecting device by the value that difference obtained of the measured temperature of 2 temperature-detecting devices.
7, electronic thermometer according to claim 6, it is characterized in that first temperature information that obtains from described 2 temperature-detecting devices is meant the value that the linear relationship between the temperature difference that the temperature measured according to arbitrary temperature-detecting device and 2 temperature-detecting devices measure is obtained.
CNA2004100566449A 2003-08-21 2004-08-13 Electronic clinical thermoneter Pending CN1584523A (en)

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