CN1558606A - Network terminal automatic configuration method - Google Patents
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- CN1558606A CN1558606A CNA2004100161955A CN200410016195A CN1558606A CN 1558606 A CN1558606 A CN 1558606A CN A2004100161955 A CNA2004100161955 A CN A2004100161955A CN 200410016195 A CN200410016195 A CN 200410016195A CN 1558606 A CN1558606 A CN 1558606A
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Abstract
A network terminal automatic configuration method comprises the steps of, (1) storing supervisory server domain name, terminal equipment ID and identification message into the terminal equipment, (2) electrifying the terminal, the terminal obtaining IP address automatically, (3) initiating HTTP request to the supervisor server based on the pre-stored supervisor server domain name, (4) the terminal sending heartbeat message to hold the HTTP connection between the terminal and the supervisor server, (5) proceeding identification through the identification message carried on the SOAP protocol on a same HTTP route.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, particularly the method for automatic configuration of relevant a kind of network terminal.
Background technology
The NGN that emerges gradually in recent years (Next Generation Network) network will be different from legacy network fully, and intelligent node has moved to network edge, have in the future in the family that a large amount of intelligent terminals is deployed in the user.The release of any new business is the renewal and the upgrading of inevitable requirement terminal all.Management, upgrading, configuration will become operator's selection scheme, the key problem that cuts operating costs.
Mode with the snmp management terminal equipment more and more is difficult to solve complicated day by day network-termination device at present.SNMP is the abbreviation of Simple Network Management Protocol, it is proposed for the router administration problem that solves on the Internet by Internet engineering duty tissue (Internet Engineering Task Force) research group (IETF), the method of collection network management information a kind of terminal equipment from network is provided, also for terminal equipment to network management center Report a Problem and mistake a kind of method is provided.The allocation plan of the network terminal that this employing SNMP scheme is configured can't passing fire wall, also can not finish the automatic configuration of terminal.
Because the Internet address resource is depleted rapidly, most home network all uses the network address translation (nat) technology to set up a gateway.NAT is a kind of standard that Internet engineering duty group (IETF) is worked out, and (scope of the privately owned address of using is 10.0.x.x, 192.168.x.x and 172.x.x.x for the multiple pc in its permission private network or the shared globally unique public address of terminal equipment.) as to a kind of interim remedial measure of IP address shortage, NAT can finish a lot of work well: for example the Internet of Windows XP connects to share and just uses NAT, as DSL and a lot of gateway devices of cable modem etc. done the same.
But problem is: NAT wishes that all web applications all communicate with a kind of standard mode (promptly using the IP address in data packet head), and some network program expects the existence of NAT.The embedded ip address that they have used NAT to change is as the Windows Messenger of chat software of standard installation among the Windows XP.Though Windows Messenger has IP phone and Video chat function, this function can't be used via the broadband router that uses NAT.This is because when using this function, Windows Messenger has also embedded the cause of IP address at data division.In nat feature, though be positioned at the destination of IP packet head and the IP address of originator can be changed, the address in the data can't be changed, therefore before and after disunity, can't communicate.
In sum, the present network terminal is managed the main following several big problems that exist: can not pass fire compartment wall and NAT conversion more, terminal equipment be required high.Can not find management server automatically.Can not realize to a large amount of terminal equipments the unified management of complex topology structure.
At above problem, some solutions have been released at present respectively, as seeing through the NAT crossing technology of NAT; Be SOAP (the Simple ObjectAccess Protocol) Simple Object Access Protocol that cross platform system is developed, this be a kind of disperse or distributed environment in the simple agreement of exchange message; XML (Extensible Markup Language) is the express language that begins to be used for various uses as the version of new generation of HTML; The Extended Protocol GENA of HTTP (General event Notification Architecture) etc., but total solution also do not formed at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of network terminal method of automatic configuration,, solve automatic configuration, management, the software upgrade problem of terminal in the NGN network to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art.Make network-termination device power up, need not configuration after the networking can use.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of network terminal method of automatic configuration, may further comprise the steps: A. deposited the information such as domain name, terminal equipment ID, authenticate key of management server in terminal equipment before terminal equipment is sold to the client; B. after terminal was sold the user, the user powered up to terminal, and terminal is obtained the IP address; C. initiate the HTTP request according to the management server domain name that prestores to management server; D. after connecting, on same HTTP path, carry out authentication by the authentication message of soap protocol carrying; E. after authentication was passed through, authorized user can be configured the automatic download of file, work such as the auto-update of software version.
Described network terminal method of automatic configuration may further comprise the steps: the g. terminal equipment is after passing through authentication in this connection, to management server application configuration file; H. management server returns corresponding profile address according to the type and the service mode of terminal equipment; I. terminal can be fetched corresponding configuration file by visiting this address.
Further, the automatic download of described configuration file can also can be issued by order by management server and require terminal to upgrade its configuration file.
The auto-update of the described software version of step f is further comprising the steps of: the j. terminal is at first with existing software version information, hardware versions etc. send to management server, k. management server is according to hardware version, and service mode is returned up-to-date software version information to terminal; L. terminal is carried out version relatively, upgrades if desired, and to management server request redaction address, management server returns the address of corresponding redaction, and terminal is visited this address by HTTP, fetches corresponding redaction.
Further, also can initiate the software upgrading request automatically or initiate upgrading by terminal by management server transmitting order to lower levels requirement terminal.
In addition, network terminal method of automatic configuration of the present invention adopts GENA as the reporting events agreement, adopts and subscribes to the management server that authentication mechanism assurance message only is sent to mandate.Terminal equipment ID is a unified Definition, can analyze the type of terminal equipment, the address character of terminal equipment suppliers and marking terminal equipment uniqueness by this ID management server.Its configuration file is with form storage and the transmission of XML.Management server has been formulated heartbeat message, and timed sending is with the monitoring terminal equipment running status.Management server adopts the framework of sample grading, mandatory administration, each Terminal Type at first is pooled to the one-level management server, the one-level management server carries out functions such as event collection, configuration distributing, control agent, can be according to network condition, and flexible configuration management server level.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of network terminal method of automatic configuration that can firewall-penetrating.Some fire compartment walls meeting regular check NAT, thus the nat entry that does not have flow is removed dismounting HTTP path.The present invention refreshes NAT by terminal timed sending heartbeat message, prevents to be deleted by fire compartment wall and disconnects the mode passing fire wall and the management server communication of HTTP path.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of network terminal method of automatic configuration, may further comprise the steps: a. deposits domain name, terminal equipment ID, the authenticate key of management server in terminal equipment; B. after powering up networking to terminal, terminal is obtained the IP address automatically; C. initiate the HTTP request according to the management server domain name that prestores to management server; D. after connecting, terminal regularly sends heartbeat message and keeps terminal to be connected with HTTP between the management server; E. on same HTTP path, carry out authentication by the authentication message of soap protocol carrying; F. after authentication was passed through, authorized user can be configured the automatic download of file.
The deployment of this programme is flexible, is coupled with the actual environment of network, has more flexibility.But passing fire wall has perfect safety encipher mechanism.Adopt the management server pattern of finding automatically, but the intelligent search management server.Dynamically update configuration, when the metropolitan area network environment changes, need not terminal and manually change.Can carry out remotely access terminal equipment, dynamically circulate a notice of fault and give management server, this visit and circular can carry out security limitations.Automatic configuration, management and the software automatic updating problem of all kinds of intelligent terminals in the NGN network have been solved.Overcome the problem that prior art runs in the real network topology.Major advantage have following some:
1. adopt the carrying of HTTP, utilize XML to describe the particular content of agreement as agreement, such scheme can overcome in the existing SNMP scheme can't passing fire wall problem, and reduced the flow of supervisory packet, simply be easy to realize, alleviate the operating load of terminal.
2. by pre-depositing the domain name of terminal management server, solved a difficult problem of finding management server when terminal equipment disperses to dispose automatically.At first by the DHCP address acquisition, resolve the management server domain name by dns server automatically then and obtain the management server address when terminal equipment starts.
3. terminal equipment is initiated the HTTP request to management server, after setting up the HTTP path, terminal timed sending heartbeat message refreshes NAT, to prevent to be deleted and disconnect the HTTP path by fire compartment wall, this mode can passing fire wall and management server communication, removed the restriction that management server is disposed, it is more flexible to make management server dispose.The connection management server process has authentication mechanism, can prevent malicious attack.
4. all configuration files are easy to expansion with form storage and the transmission of XML, make agreement and platform independence to be easy to cross-platform operation.
5. adopt SOAP as remote management protocol, possess cross-platform advantage equally.Terminal part only needs resource seldom to move, and obtains corresponding balance between the remote control ability of terminal and corresponding administrative loads.Reliability and attack protection with reliable security mechanism assurance communication.
6. adopt GENA as the reporting events agreement.Terminal part only needs resource seldom to move.Adopt and subscribe to the management server that authentication mechanism assurance message only is sent to mandate.
7. at the practical problem (enormous amount of terminal management, topology complexity etc.), adopt the framework of sample grading, mandatory administration, each Terminal Type at first is pooled to the one-level management server, and the one-level management server carries out functions such as event collection, configuration distributing, control agent.Can be according to network condition, flexible configuration management server level.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram with reference to topological structure.
Fig. 2 is the automatic configuration flow figure of the network terminal of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that configuration file of the present invention is downloaded and software upgrading flow process figure.
Fig. 4 is the present invention's schematic diagram of configuration management server by different level.
Embodiment
Relevant detailed description of the present invention and technology contents, existing as follows with regard to accompanying drawings:
At first consult Fig. 1, Fig. 1 has disclosed a kind of with reference to topological structure, and therefrom we can find, network environment varied, and the configuration of terminal is also very complicated.This just requires the terminal configuration scheme can adapt to above-mentioned environment, comprises passing fire wall, automatically configuration, fault reports etc. automatically.Along with the evolution of the network architecture, the intelligent node of network is distributed in the edge of network widely in the NGN network, and any value-added service does not have the cooperation of terminal nearly all can't implement.So present terminal no longer has been simple stupid terminal, the intellectuality of terminal has changed network management structure, and the configuration of terminal is also inevitable complicated more.But all terminal uses wish to power up and can use, and hope is zero configuration.In order to meet this challenge, the invention provides a kind of in network environment to the auto-update of the automatic configuration of terminal equipment, software, the scheme of far-end control, solved the deployment and the management problems of the NGN network terminal in the reality.
See also Fig. 2, this is the automatic configuration flow figure of the network terminal of the present invention.One shows as following steps according to embodiments of the invention in Fig. 2: in step 11, terminal equipment is being sold to before the client, deposits domain name, the information such as terminal equipment ID, authentication key of management server in terminal equipment in.It should be noted that terminal equipment ID is a unified Definition, can analyze the type of terminal equipment, the address character of terminal equipment suppliers and marking terminal equipment uniqueness by this ID management server.Can analyze the address character of type, terminal equipment suppliers and the marking terminal equipment uniqueness of terminal equipment by this ID management server.After terminal was sold the user, in step 12, when the user powers up to terminal, terminal obtained the IP address by DHCP automatically, and DHCP provides the mechanism of a kind of dynamic assigned ip address and configuration parameter.This is mainly used in large network environment and the relatively more difficult place of configuration.Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol server is client computer assigned ip address automatically, its configuration parameter makes the compunication on the network become convenient and has realized easily, in DHCP when failure request or other embodiment, terminal equipment can use pre-configured IP address automatically.And then carry out step 13, resolve the management server domain name by dns server automatically and obtain the management server address, dns server also is name server, and it can be resolved domain name and obtain the corresponding address of this domain name, and this step is finished automatically by network.In the following step 14, terminal is found to initiate the HTTP request to management server behind the management server, the concrete content of request utilizes XML to describe, thereby fire compartment wall is not having under the situation of flow the HTTP path to be removed in this nat entry removing in order to prevent to connect afterwards.Terminal timed sending heartbeat message is so that system can the monitoring terminal equipment running status, and makes management server to connect network termination in real time access by this HTTP is long, solve the problem of passing through NAT managing intranet equipment.The principle that step 15 utilizes control messages and control carrying to be separated, adopt same HTTP to connect and carry out two-way soap message transmission, and carry out authentication by the authentication message of soap protocol carrying, after authentication is passed through, authorized user can be configured the automatic download of file, work such as the auto-update of software version in the step 16.Otherwise, if fail, then entering step 17 by authentication, management server disconnects and connecting, and refuses further operation requests.Here it is the present invention is directed to the actual conditions of network, adopts challenge response mechanism to carry out authentication on safety, has strengthened the fail safe of network configuration.
Because the present invention adopts terminal equipment to initiate the HTTP request and carry out two-way soap message transmission to management server, thereby finishes the task of automatic configuration.Thereby remove HTTP path and better the state of terminal is carried out dynamic monitoring not having under the situation of flow this nat entry removed in order to prevent fire compartment wall, automatic allocation plan of the present invention has been formulated heartbeat message, the terminal timed sending is so that system can the monitoring terminal equipment running status, and make management server to have solved the problem of passing through NAT managing intranet equipment by the long interior network termination of real time access that connects of this HTTP.This method to the deployment of the network terminal without limits can passing through NAT and fire compartment wall, supports the two-way visit of management server and terminal.The principle that the present invention adopts control messages and control carrying to be separated adopts same HTTP to connect and carries out two-way soap message transmission.Thereby the present invention has better professional platform independence and extensibility.
See also Fig. 3, this is that configuration file of the present invention is downloaded and software upgrading flow process figure.Mention above after authentication is passed through, authorized user can be configured the automatic download of file, operations such as the auto-update of software version.Wherein, the download of configuration file is made up of following steps: after passing through authentication in the connection that terminal equipment is mentioned in the step 21 in the above, to management server application configuration file.Management server returns corresponding profile address according to the type and the service mode of terminal equipment in the step 22, this address generally is the URL address, if configuration file is otherwise deposited, this address also can be the appropriate address that terminal can find so.In the step 23, terminal is fetched corresponding configuration file by visiting this address, thereby finishes the download of configuration file.This is that a kind of terminal equipment is initiatively applied for the pattern that configuration file is downloaded, and same management server can issue by order, requires terminal to upgrade its configuration file.
The software upgrading of terminal also is a puzzlement operator and user's a problem, and the present invention has also solved this problem.The same, after user terminal is by authentication, can initiates the software upgrading request automatically or initiate upgrading by terminal by management server transmitting order to lower levels requirement terminal.In step 31, at first with existing software version information, hardware version etc. send to management server to terminal.In step 32, management server is according to hardware version, and service mode is returned up-to-date software version information to terminal.Terminal is carried out version relatively, upgrade if desired, then in step 33 to management server request redaction address, management server returns the URL address of corresponding redaction, terminal is visited this address by HTTP, fetches corresponding redaction.Otherwise,, then enter step 34 terminal and do not send request if do not need to upgrade.
Management server can also be by same HTTP path setting up above to the terminal transmitting order to lower levels, the incident of receiving terminal or alarm report.Adopt GENA as the reporting events agreement, terminal part only needs resource seldom to move, and adopts and subscribe to the management server that authentication mechanism assurance message only is sent to mandate.In order to strengthen the fail safe of management path, the invention provides the option of a safety, promptly adopt SSL that HTTP is encrypted, and need not change the upper layer message semanteme.
See also Fig. 4, this is the present invention's schematic diagram of configuration management server by different level.According to network terminal method of automatic configuration of the present invention, can carry out the framework of sample grading, mandatory administration, each Terminal Type at first is pooled to the one-level management server, and the one-level management server carries out functions such as event collection, configuration distributing, control agent.So just can be according to the complexity of network and the adaptive situation between terminal equipment and the management server, flexible configuration management server level.Management server can provide other network management protocol interfaces to higher level's management server, as: SNMP, CORBA etc.Can finish the conversion of gateway protocol.
What describe among Fig. 4 is a network configuration with two layers of service managerZ-HU, and this only is an example certainly, also can have three layers or more multi-layered structure as required, also UNICOM or undertake different tasks respectively mutually between the management server.
Above introduce, it only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, can not limit scope of the invention process with this, i.e. the variation that is equal to done according to the present invention of those skilled in the art in the present technique field is for example carried out combination and variation with each step among the above embodiment.And those skilled in that art improvement, the variation known, all should still belong to the scope that patent of the present invention contains.
Claims (22)
1, a kind of network terminal method of automatic configuration is characterized in that mainly may further comprise the steps: A. deposits domain name, terminal equipment ID, the authenticate key of management server in terminal equipment; B. after powering up networking to terminal, terminal is obtained the IP address automatically; C. initiate the HTTP request according to the management server domain name that prestores to management server; D. after connecting, on same HTTP path, carry out authentication by the authentication message of soap protocol carrying; E. after authentication was passed through, authorized user can be configured the automatic download of file.
2, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 1 is characterized in that the automatic download of the described configuration file of step f is further comprising the steps of: the g. terminal equipment is after passing through authentication in this connection, to management server application configuration file; H. management server returns corresponding profile address according to the type and the service mode of terminal equipment; I. terminal can be fetched corresponding configuration file by visiting this address.
3, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 1, the automatic download that it is characterized in that the described configuration file of step e can also be issued by order by management server and require terminal to upgrade its configuration file.
4, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that also comprising the auto-update step of following software version: the j. terminal at first sends to management server with existing software version information, hardware version etc.; K. management server returns up-to-date software version information according to hardware version, service mode to terminal; L. terminal is carried out version relatively, upgrades if desired, and promptly to management server request redaction address, management server returns the address of corresponding redaction, visits this address by terminal by HTTP again, fetches corresponding redaction.
5, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 1 is characterized in that after user terminal is by authentication, can be initiated the software upgrading request automatically or be initiated upgrading by management server transmitting order to lower levels requirement terminal by terminal.
6, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 1 is characterized in that same the HTTP path that management server is set up by steps d can be to the terminal transmitting order to lower levels, the incident of receiving terminal or alarm report.
7, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 6 is characterized in that adopting GENA as the reporting events agreement, adopts and subscribes to the management server that authentication mechanism assurance message only is sent to mandate.
8, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that terminal equipment ID is a unified Definition, can analyze the type of terminal equipment, the address character of terminal equipment suppliers and marking terminal equipment uniqueness by this ID management server.
9,, it is characterized in that form storage and the transmission of configuration file with XML according to the described network terminal method of automatic configuration of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 8.
10, according to the described network terminal method of automatic configuration of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that adopting SSL that HTTP is encrypted.
11, according to the described network terminal method of automatic configuration of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that adopting the framework of sample grading, mandatory administration, each Terminal Type at first is pooled to the one-level management server, the one-level management server carries out functions such as event collection, configuration distributing, control agent, can be according to network condition, flexible configuration management server level.
12, a kind of network terminal method of automatic configuration is characterized in that mainly may further comprise the steps: a. deposits domain name, terminal equipment ID, the authenticate key of management server in terminal equipment; B. after powering up networking to terminal, terminal is obtained the IP address automatically; C. initiate the HTTP request according to the management server domain name that prestores to management server; D. after connecting, terminal regularly sends heartbeat message and keeps terminal to be connected with HTTP between the management server; E. on same HTTP path, carry out authentication by the authentication message of soap protocol carrying; F. after authentication was passed through, authorized user can be configured the automatic download of file.
13, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 12 is characterized in that the automatic download of the described configuration file of step f is further comprising the steps of: the g. terminal equipment is after passing through authentication in this connection, to management server application configuration file; H. management server returns corresponding profile address according to the type and the service mode of terminal equipment; I. terminal can be fetched corresponding configuration file by visiting this address.
14, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 12, the automatic download that it is characterized in that the described configuration file of step e can also be issued by order by management server and require terminal to upgrade its configuration file.
15, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 12, it is characterized in that also comprising the auto-update step of following software version: the j. terminal at first sends to management server with existing software version information, hardware version etc.; K. management server returns up-to-date software version information according to hardware version, service mode to terminal; L. terminal is carried out version relatively, upgrades if desired, and promptly to management server request redaction address, management server returns the address of corresponding redaction, visits this address by terminal by HTTP again, fetches corresponding redaction.
16, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 12 is characterized in that after user terminal is by authentication, can be initiated the software upgrading request automatically or be initiated upgrading by management server transmitting order to lower levels requirement terminal by terminal.
17, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 12 is characterized in that same the HTTP path that management server is set up by steps d can be to the terminal transmitting order to lower levels, the incident of receiving terminal or alarm report.
18, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 17 is characterized in that adopting GENA as the reporting events agreement, adopts and subscribes to the management server that authentication mechanism assurance message only is sent to mandate.
19, network terminal method of automatic configuration according to claim 12, it is characterized in that terminal equipment ID is a unified Definition, can analyze the type of terminal equipment, the address character of terminal equipment suppliers and marking terminal equipment uniqueness by this ID management server.
20,, it is characterized in that form storage and the transmission of configuration file with XML according to the described network terminal method of automatic configuration of arbitrary claim in the claim 12 to 19.
21, according to the described network terminal method of automatic configuration of arbitrary claim in the claim 12 to 19, it is characterized in that adopting SSL that HTTP is encrypted.
22, according to the described network terminal method of automatic configuration of arbitrary claim in the claim 12 to 19, it is characterized in that adopting the framework of sample grading, mandatory administration, each Terminal Type at first is pooled to the one-level management server, the one-level management server carries out functions such as event collection, configuration distributing, control agent, can be according to network condition, flexible configuration management server level.
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