CN1557131A - Nano composite catalyzer for artificial weather affection and its production method - Google Patents
Nano composite catalyzer for artificial weather affection and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1557131A CN1557131A CNA2004100106498A CN200410010649A CN1557131A CN 1557131 A CN1557131 A CN 1557131A CN A2004100106498 A CNA2004100106498 A CN A2004100106498A CN 200410010649 A CN200410010649 A CN 200410010649A CN 1557131 A CN1557131 A CN 1557131A
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Abstract
The nano composite catalyst is prepared with silver iodide, magnesium, aluminum, copper iodide, sliver iodate or other superfine particle, combustible component, adhesive, curing agent, plasticizer, cross-linking agent, anti-aging agent, speed regulator, etc. and through kneading, deairing and curing. In combustion or explosion, the nano composite catalyst produces composite AgI-NaCl-AgCl-KCl-CuI-NH4I kernels, which possess great specific surface area, high activity, and structure and crystal lattice constant similar to those of ice crystal. The catalyst has high kernel forming rate, fast kernel forming speed, excellent physical and chemical performance, less environmental pollution and easy maintenance and transportation, and is safe and efficient composite catalyst for rain making, preventing hail, eliminating cloud, and other weather modifications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of catalyzer, specifically a kind of nano material that contains, being used to of silver iodide and metal super-fine microparticle increases rain, hail suppression, gives birth to the nano-composite catalyst of the weather modifications such as cloud and mist and frost prevention that disappear, and the invention still further relates to the production method of this catalyzer.
Background technology
Water and air, sunlight equally are animals and plants, and particularly the mankind depend on for existence, requisite material base.65% is water in the human body, earth surface 75% is covered by the ocean, about 14 billion cubic meters of Total Water, but the human water that can utilize only be wherein ten thousand/, and the area and Seasonal Distribution all inhomogeneous, disasters such as arid, flood, hail, thick fog frequently take place.Along with Increase of population, the expansion of city size, Ecological environment worsening, the mankind will face unprecedented freshwater resources crisis, and serious flood takes place in some areas.
For addressing these problems, humanly just carried out the research of weather modification activity as far back as nineteen forties, now developed the catalyzer that kinds of artificial influences weather, as dry ice, liquid nitrogen, lead iodide, silver iodide etc.But because transportation, preserve, to many defectives such as pollution, the nucleation rate of environment activation threshold temperature low and coring speed and nuclear are lower, apply and influence it.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of safe and practical, nano-composite catalyst of being easy to all higher weather modification of storage and transport, nucleation rate and coring speed and coring threshold temperature.
Another object of the present invention provides the production method of this nano-composite catalyst.
Thinking of the present invention and technology path are to utilize nanoscale science and technology, the multifunctional nano composite artificial of invention highly effective and safe influences the weather catalyzer, the nano superfine micro materials such as silver iodide, magnesium, aluminium, cupric iodide, silver iodate that promptly adopt nanosecond science and technology preparations and materials such as incendiary agent, oxidant, adhesive, curing agent, plasticizer, crosslinking agent, age resistor through mediate, the degassing, curing make the catalyzer that the composite artificial that contains nano material influences weather.
Nano superfine micro material used herein, its particle diameter is 1～100 nanometer, because the surface atom number increases the not enough and high surface of Atomic coordinate can, make these surface atoms have high activity, extremely unstable, be easy to combine with other atoms, in preparation and application process, assemble easily or reunite and form offspring, particle diameter is become lose due rerum natura of particle and function when causing greatly finally using, modification is handled on its surface, can adopt surface coating, high power treatment for this.
Nano-composite catalyst of the present invention is made by following component: (weight)
A. oxidant: ammonium perchlorate 35～60%; Potassium hyperchlorate 13～22%; Sodium perchlorate 7～14%
B. adhesive: end hydroxy butadiene 10～28%
C. incendiary agent: nano superfine micro aluminium powder 4～8%; Nano superfine micro magnesium powder 1.5～3.3%
D. plasticizer: di-n-octyl sebacate 1.5～3.3%
E. curing agent first: toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) 0.4～0.8%
F. curing agent second: three (2-methylaziridine) phosphine oxides 0.1～0.4%
G. nucleator: nano superfine micro silver iodide 0.6～1.1%; Nano superfine micro iodate 0.5～1.1%; Nano superfine micro silver iodate 0.5～1.1%
H. age resistor: N, N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine 0.1～0.5%
I. bonding agent: triethanolamine boron trifluoride 0.4～0.9%
J. speed governing agent: diamyl iron 0.2～0.6%
Nano-composite catalyst optimization formula of the present invention is made by following component: (weight)
A. oxidant: ammonium perchlorate 40～50%; Potassium hyperchlorate 15～20%; Sodium perchlorate 8～13%
B. binding agent: end hydroxy butadiene 12～24%
C. incendiary agent: nano superfine micro aluminium powder 5～7%; Nano superfine micro magnesium powder 2～3%,
D. plasticizer: di-n-octyl sebacate 2～3%
E. curing agent first: toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) 0.5～0.7%
F. curing agent second: three (2-methylaziridine) phosphine oxides 0.2～0.3%
G. nucleator: nano superfine micro silver iodide 0.7～1.0%; Nano superfine micro cupric iodide 0.6～1.0% silver iodate 0.6～1.0%
H. age resistor: N, N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine 0.2～0.4%
I. bonding agent: triethanolamine boron trifluoride 0.5～0.8%
J. speed governing agent: diamyl iron 0.3～0.5%
Nano-composite catalyst optimum weight proportioning of the present invention is:
A. oxidant: ammonium perchlorate 44.7%; Potassium hyperchlorate 16.4%; Sodium perchlorate 9.8%
B. adhesive: end hydroxy butadiene 13.7%
C. incendiary agent: nano superfine micro aluminium powder 6.0%; Nano superfine micro magnesium powder 2.3%
D. plasticizer: di-n-octyl sebacate 2.75%
E. curing agent first: toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) 0.58%
F. curing agent second: three (2-methylaziridine) phosphine oxides 0.27%
G. nucleator: nano superfine micro silver iodide 0.8%; Nano superfine micro cupric iodide 0.7%;
Silver iodate 0.7%
H. age resistor: N, N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine 0.3%
I. bonding agent: triethanolamine boron trifluoride 0.6%
J. speed governing agent: diamyl iron 0.4%
The production method that above-mentioned each component is made nano-composite catalyst of the present invention is:
1. with oxidant: ammonium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate and potassium hyperchlorate, drying is 2 hours under 90～100 ℃ of conditions, and water content is controlled at below 0.1%, crosses 120～200 purposes sieve then, the extracting screen underflow weighing;
2. with binding agent: end hydroxy butadiene dilutes with styrene, and its consumption is looked environmental condition calmly, and styrene does not participate in the composition of this catalyzer, only plays the dilution mobilization, vapors away during the degassing;
3. press formula rate weighing each component;
4. will adopt surface coating or high power treatment method its surface to be handled nucleator nano silver iodide, cupric iodide, the silver iodate super fine of modification, and same adopt the surface to coat or incendiary agent nano aluminum, magnesium super fine that the high power treatment method is handled modification to its surface are put into respectively in the binding agent after the dilution, premix is even, puts into kneader;
5. the oxidant after the drying and screening weighing is put into kneader, put into the plasticizer premix then and mediated 15～25 minutes, look the kneaded material viscosity and add thinner styrene more in right amount and dilute;
6. curing agent, age resistor, bonding agent, speed governing agent are added in the kneader with above kneading after mixture proceed to mediate, mediate temperature and remain on 38～42 ℃, mediated again 50～70 minutes;
7. will pack into by the kneaded material of above-mentioned steps and outgas in the squeeze note machine, after remaining on 10～1,600 handkerchiefs, vacuum continues the degassing 15～25 minutes, then the degassing the material squeeze note in the Any shape mould of clean it up, in 68～72 ℃ of insulating boxs, solidified 66～74 hours, the demoulding gets final product.
Nano-composite catalyst of the present invention is owing to adopted the nano superfine micro material, and specific surface area can reach 100m
2/ g, and generate the AgI-NaCl-AgCl-KCl-CuI-NH of nanometer superfine at burning or explosion time
4The I compound.Silver iodide crystal belongs to hexagonal crystal system, and its lattice parameter is in close proximity to ice, and the α axle only differs from 1.11% with ice, and the C axle differs from 1.38%, and axial ratio differs 0.28%.It is unworthy of right less than silver iodide and bismuth iodide complex nucleus.Originally the grain size of silver iodide has reduced than the grain size of silver iodide reagent that half is many in the common aerosol, little 2～3 magnitudes of the original micro-size particles of nano silver iodide composite catalyst fineness ratio of the present invention.
Big specific surface area and high activity and structure and the lattice paprmeter close with ice crystal nucleus, make that aerial vapourous water is very easy to condense into liquid water droplets and sublimate into the solid-state phase of ice crystal on complex nucleus, also can make the rapid ice crystalization of supercooling water droplet, can increase in the hail cloud hail embryo greatly to alleviate or to eliminate disaster caused by hail, water dust continues to grow up into raindrop, thereby air water resource is dropped to ground, use for human being's production, life; This nano-composite catalyst nucleation rate improves 2～3 magnitudes, and coring speed is accelerated 3～5 times, and coring threshold temperature improves 2～3 ℃, and consumption is few, reduces the pollution to environment, is easy to storage and transport.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Take by weighing raw material (weight) by following proportioning:
Ammonium perchlorate 447 gram potassium hyperchlorates 164 gram sodium perchlorates 98 grams
End hydroxy butadiene 137 gram nanometer aluminium powders 60 gram nanometer Mg powder 23 grams
Di-n-octyl sebacate 27.5 gram toluene di-isocyanate(TDI)s 5.8 grams
Three (2-methylaziridine) phosphine oxides, 2.7 gram nano silver iodide powder, 8 grams
Nano copper iodide powder 7 gram nano silver iodate powder 7 gram N, N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine's 3 grams
Triethanolamine boron trifluoride 6 gram ferrocene 4 grams
Production method is as follows:
Ammonium perchlorate, potassium hyperchlorate, sodium perchlorate, drying is 2 hours under 100 ℃ of temperature, and moisture is controlled at below 0.1%, crosses 120～200 mesh sieves, weighing then; With the styrene dilution, nano silver iodide, cupric iodide, silver iodate, aluminium, the magnesium super fine through coating, it is even successively to put in the end hydroxy butadiene binding agent after the dilution premix into, puts into kneader with end hydroxy butadiene 137 gram; With the oxidant after the drying and screening, put into kneader after the weighing, put into the plasticizer di-n-octyl sebacate then, premix was mediated 20 minutes, looked the kneaded material viscosity, added styrene more in right amount and diluted; With the curing agent first: toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), curing agent second: three (2-methylaziridine) phosphine oxides, age resistor N, N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine, bonding agent triethanolamine boron trifluoride, speed governing agent ferrocene add in the kneader, continue to mediate 1 hour under 40 ℃ of temperature again; Kneaded material contained in the squeeze note machine outgas, after vacuum remained on 13.3 hundred handkerchiefs, 40 ℃ of holding temperatures continued the degassing 20 minutes, then the material squeeze note of the degassing in the mould of cleaning out; Solidifying 72 hours in 70 ℃ of insulating boxs is curing molding, and the demoulding then packages spare.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing raw material (weight) by following proportioning:
Ammonium perchlorate 590 gram potassium hyperchlorates 130 gram sodium perchlorates 70 grams
End hydroxy butadiene 100 gram nanometer aluminium powders 40 gram nanometer Mg powder 15 grams
Di-n-octyl sebacate 15 gram toluene di-isocyanate(TDI)s 8 grams
Three (2-methylaziridine) phosphine oxides, 4 gram nano silver iodide powder, 11 grams
Nano copper iodide powder 5 gram nano silver iodate powder 5 grams
N, N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine's 1 gram
Triethanolamine boron trifluoride 4 gram ferrocene 2 grams
Production method: with embodiment 1
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing raw material (weight) by following proportioning:
Ammonium perchlorate 350 gram potassium hyperchlorates 134 gram sodium perchlorates 140 grams
End hydroxy butadiene 170 gram nanometer aluminium powders 80 gram nanometer Mg powder 32 grams
Di-n-octyl sebacate 32 gram toluene di-isocyanate(TDI)s 4 grams
Three (2-methylaziridine) phosphine oxides, 10 gram nano silver iodide powder, 6 grams
Nano copper iodide powder 11 gram nano silver iodate powder 11 grams
N, N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine's 5 grams
Triethanolamine boron trifluoride 9 gram ferrocene 6 grams
Production method: with embodiment 1
Claims (4)
1. the nano-composite catalyst of a weather modification is characterized in that it is the composite catalyst of being made by the following weight proportion raw material
A. oxidant: ammonium perchlorate 35～60%; Potassium hyperchlorate 13～22%; Sodium perchlorate 7～14%
B. adhesive: end hydroxy butadiene 10～28%
C. incendiary agent: nano superfine micro aluminium powder 4～8%; Nano superfine micro magnesium powder 1.5～3.3%,
D. plasticizer: di-n-octyl sebacate 1.5～3.3%
E. curing agent first: toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) 0.4～0.8%
F. curing agent second: three (2-methylaziridine) phosphine oxides 0.1～0.4%
G. nucleator: nano superfine micro silver iodide 0.6～1.1%; Nano superfine micro cupric iodide 0.5～1.1%; Nano superfine micro silver iodate 0.5～1.1%
H. age resistor: N, N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine 0.1～0.5%
I. bonding agent: triethanolamine boron trifluoride 0.4～0.9%
J. speed governing agent: diamyl iron 0.2～0.6%
2. the nano-composite catalyst of weather modification according to claim 1, wherein each raw material weight proportioning is
A. oxidant: ammonium perchlorate 40～50%; Potassium hyperchlorate 15～20%; Sodium perchlorate 8～13%
B. binding agent: end hydroxy butadiene 12～24%
C. incendiary agent: nano superfine micro aluminium powder 5～7%; Nano superfine micro magnesium powder 2～3%
D. plasticizer: di-n-octyl sebacate 2～3%
E. curing agent first: toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) 0.5～0.7%
F. curing agent second: three (2-methylaziridine) phosphine oxides 0.2～0.3%
G. nucleator: nano superfine micro silver iodide 0.7～1.0%; Nano superfine micro cupric iodide 0.6～1.0%; Nano superfine micro silver iodate 0.6～1.0%
H. age resistor: N, N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine 0.2～0.4%
I. bonding agent: triethanolamine boron trifluoride 0.5～0.8%
J. speed governing agent: diamyl iron 0.3～0.5%
3. the nano-composite catalyst of a kind of weather modification according to claim 1, wherein each raw material weight proportioning is
A. oxidant: ammonium perchlorate 44.7%; Potassium hyperchlorate 16.4%; Sodium perchlorate 9.8%
B. adhesive: end hydroxy butadiene 13.7%
C. incendiary agent: nano superfine micro aluminium powder 6.0%; Nano superfine micro magnesium powder 2.3%
D. plasticizer: di-n-octyl sebacate 2.75%
E. curing agent first: toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) 0.58%
F. curing agent second: three (2-methylaziridine) phosphine oxides 0.27%
G. nucleator: nano superfine micro silver iodide 0.8%; Nano superfine micro cupric iodide 0.7%; Nano superfine micro silver iodate 0.7%
H. age resistor: N, N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine 0.3%
I. bonding agent: triethanolamine boron trifluoride 0.6%
J. speed governing agent: diamyl iron 0.4%
4. the production method of the nano-composite catalyst of production such as claim 1,2,3 described weather modifications, this method is:
(1). with oxidant: ammonium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate and potassium hyperchlorate, under 90～100 ℃ of conditions dry 2 hours, water content is controlled at below 0.1%, cross 120～200 mesh sieves, extracting screen underflow weighing then;
(2). the binding agent end hydroxy butadiene is diluted with styrene, and its consumption is looked environmental condition calmly, and styrene does not participate in the composition of this catalyzer, only plays the dilution mobilization, vapors away during the degassing;
(3). press formula rate weighing each component;
(4). will adopt surface coating or high power treatment method its surface to be handled nucleator nano silver iodide, cupric iodide, the silver iodate super fine of modification, and same adopt the surface to coat or incendiary agent nano aluminum, magnesium super fine that the high power treatment method is handled modification to its surface are put into respectively in the binding agent after the dilution, premix is even, puts into kneader;
(5). the oxidant after the drying and screening weighing is put into kneader, put into the plasticizer premix then and mediated 15～25 minutes, look the kneaded material viscosity and add thinner styrene more in right amount and dilute;
(6). with curing agent, age resistor, bonding agent, speed governing agent add in the kneader with above kneading after mixture proceed to mediate, mediate temperature and remain on 38～42 ℃, mediated again 50～70 minutes;
(7). will go up the kneaded material of step and pack into and outgas in the squeeze note machine, after remaining on 10～1,600 handkerchiefs, vacuum continues the degassing 15～25 minutes, then the degassing the material squeeze note in the Any shape mould of clean it up, in 68～72 ℃ of insulating boxs, solidified 66～74 hours, the demoulding gets final product.
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| CN 200410010649 CN1274203C (en) | 2004-01-17 | 2004-01-17 | Nano composite catalyzer for artificial weather affection and its production method |
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| CN 200410010649 CN1274203C (en) | 2004-01-17 | 2004-01-17 | Nano composite catalyzer for artificial weather affection and its production method |
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| CN1274203C CN1274203C (en) | 2006-09-13 |
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| WO2008096221A1 (en) * | 2007-02-04 | 2008-08-14 | Zbigniew Majewski | Method of rainmaking |
| RU2518223C2 (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-06-10 | Налбандян Микаел Овикович | Method of changing atmospheric conditions over given territory |
| CN103960096A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-08-06 | 北京理工大学 | Method for artificially eliminating freezing rain with aerosol catalyst utilized |
| CN103960097A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-08-06 | 北京理工大学 | Method for eliminating glaze on power transmission lines, towers and transformer substations of power grid |
| CN103975806A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-08-13 | 北京理工大学 | Environment-friendly aerosol flame agent for weather modification as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104322334A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-04 | 晏有贵 | Warm cloud catalyst, preparation method thereof and application thereof |
| CN105613154A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-06-01 | 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 | Method for influencing weather artificially on vegetation areas |
| CN105613155A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-06-01 | 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 | Weather modification catalytic projectile |
| CN109942352A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-28 | 北方特种能源集团有限公司西安庆华公司 | A kind of cold cloud casting catalyst and preparation method thereof |
| CN110915511A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-27 | 大连市人工影响天气办公室 | Catalytic operation technical method and system for artificial rain (snow) increasing ground smoke-burning furnace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2008096221A1 (en) * | 2007-02-04 | 2008-08-14 | Zbigniew Majewski | Method of rainmaking |
| RU2518223C2 (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-06-10 | Налбандян Микаел Овикович | Method of changing atmospheric conditions over given territory |
| CN103960096B (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2016-06-08 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of method utilizing aerosol catalytic agent manually to eliminate sleet |
| CN103960096A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-08-06 | 北京理工大学 | Method for artificially eliminating freezing rain with aerosol catalyst utilized |
| CN103960097A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-08-06 | 北京理工大学 | Method for eliminating glaze on power transmission lines, towers and transformer substations of power grid |
| CN103975806A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-08-13 | 北京理工大学 | Environment-friendly aerosol flame agent for weather modification as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| US10165737B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2019-01-01 | Yougui YAN | Warm cloud catalyst, preparation method therefor and application thereof |
| WO2016050222A1 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-07 | 晏有贵 | Warm cloud catalyst, preparation method therefor and application thereof |
| CN104322334A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-04 | 晏有贵 | Warm cloud catalyst, preparation method thereof and application thereof |
| CN105613154A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-06-01 | 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 | Method for influencing weather artificially on vegetation areas |
| CN105613155A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-06-01 | 无锡信大气象传感网科技有限公司 | Weather modification catalytic projectile |
| CN105613155B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-05-04 | 无锡信大新茂科技有限责任公司 | A kind of artificial weather-influencing catalytic bomb |
| CN105613154B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-05-04 | 无锡信大新茂科技有限责任公司 | A kind of method for carrying out weather modification in vegetation area |
| CN109942352A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-28 | 北方特种能源集团有限公司西安庆华公司 | A kind of cold cloud casting catalyst and preparation method thereof |
| CN110915511A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-27 | 大连市人工影响天气办公室 | Catalytic operation technical method and system for artificial rain (snow) increasing ground smoke-burning furnace |
| CN110915511B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-11-19 | 大连市人工影响天气办公室 | Catalytic operation technical method and system for smoke furnace on artificial rain and snow increasing ground |
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