CN1544796A - Frequency conversion hydraulic well pumping unit for reducing installation power - Google Patents
Frequency conversion hydraulic well pumping unit for reducing installation power Download PDFInfo
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- CN1544796A CN1544796A CNA2003101088204A CN200310108820A CN1544796A CN 1544796 A CN1544796 A CN 1544796A CN A2003101088204 A CNA2003101088204 A CN A2003101088204A CN 200310108820 A CN200310108820 A CN 200310108820A CN 1544796 A CN1544796 A CN 1544796A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 61
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Abstract
The invention discloses a variable frequency oil pump of reducing the installed capacity, including mechanical system, hydraulic system, and detection and control system composed of AC vector inverter and controller. It adopts variable-voltage variable-frequency technique to control the speed of a three-phase AC asynchronous motor, thus controlling the output flow of rationing hydraulic pump, to drive the hydraulic cylinder to control the running speed of the oil pump. And at the same time, it uses a balancing method of energy storage device balance weight to reduce the installed capacity of the oil pump and can effectively use the static energy of the bottom stroke of the oil pump and has completely obvious energy saving effect. It can achieve the optimum running speed curve of the oil pump, thus making the efficiency of the oil pump system reach the maximum. It has continuous stepless speed regulating and stroke regulating function and many self-protecting functions of overloading protection, load switching-off protection, overcurrent protection, instant stall protection, etc.
Description
Affiliated technology neck city
The present invention relates to the device of production fluid from well, relate in particular to a kind of variable frequency hydraulic oil pumper that reduces installed power.
Background technology
The sucker rod pumping machine is a kind of mechanical pumping unit that generally uses in the present oil field development, is divided into beam pumping unit and no beam pumping unit.Characteristics such as beam pumping unit is durable in use owing to it, element is reliable, easy to maintenance have obtained using widely in the oil field.But in the long-term use of beam pumping unit, exposed many problems:
1) installed power is big, and energy consumption height, efficient are low
Bulky, the complex structure of oil pumper, installed power is big.More than the installed capacity average out to 32.6KW of an oil pumper of onshore oil field, the year power consumption of China's onshore oil field sucker rod pumping machine is about 67.6 hundred million kilowatt hours at present.Because its huge balance weight, reducer, four-link mechanism and belt transmissioning mode in running, have expended lot of energy.In addition, motor can not be according to the load variations of the upper and lower operation stroke of oil pumper and is regulated its power output automatically, so the system effectiveness of oil pumper is very low, only is about 26%.
2) can't require to realize control automatically according to oil well condition complicated and changeable
Its characteristics of motion of present mechanical type beam-pumping unit can't regulating in real time satisfies the operating mode technological requirement of the different strokes of oil well, jig frequency, and beam pumping unit also can't solve the problems such as feed flow deficiency, pump efficiency reduction of oil pumper simultaneously.
Beam pumping unit can not be according to the variation of oil well condition and is regulated its working law automatically, thereby can not carry out automatic diagnosis and control to the oil well fault, therefore many faults (taking off etc. as sucker rod or oil well pump are disconnected) can't in time be found and avoid, thereby influence output and cause unnecessary waste.
On oil pumper, use hydraulic technique, realize long stroke, the low jig frequency of oil pumper easily, the complete machine weight of oil pumper and floor space are all reduced greatly.The hydraulic pumping unit parameter is easy to adjust, realizes stepless speed regulation easily, can adapt to the variation of hole condition well.In recent years, along with China oil field needs long stroke more and more, the oil pumper of low jig frequency improves the production fluid amount, people have studied multiple energy-saving hydraulic pumping unit, these oil pumpers are improving the operational factor of oil pumper, there has been certain progress the efficient aspect that improves oil pumper, but because how the hydraulic system of design is just merely from reclaiming the energy point of view of oil pumper down stroke, do not utilize the efficient of motor and hydraulic pump fully, the oil pumper adaptive ability is poor simultaneously, cause system effectiveness low, the oil pump energy-saving DeGrain, thereby also just effectively do not promoted.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of variable frequency hydraulic oil pumper that reduces installed power.Control the rotating speed of three-phase AC asynchronous motor by employing variable voltage variable frequency technology, thereby control the quantitative hydraulic pump output flow, reach and control the hydraulic cylinder and then the control hydraulic pumping unit speed of service according to certain rules; Reduce the installed power of hydraulic system by the mode that adopts the accumulator counterweight.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is to comprise: mechanical system, hydraulic system, the detection control system of being made up of AC vector frequency converter and controller.
1) mechanical system comprises: oil-extractor polish-rod one termination production tree, and the wire rope of the oil-extractor polish-rod other end is connected with the plunger of hydraulic cylinder through roller, and the velocity location sensor is equipped with in the plunger side, and plunger top is installed buting iron;
2) hydraulic system comprises: hydraulic pump is through electromagnetic switch valve, governor valve, link to each other with the bar plunger cavity that has of hydraulic cylinder; Accumulator links to each other with two-way pump/motor through electromagnetic switch valve; Recharging oil device links to each other with two-way pump/motor; Manual pump links to each other with the bar plunger cavity that has of hydraulic cylinder; The photoelectric encoder that tests the speed of motor one termination motor shaft, motor one end is connected with the hydraulic pump rigidity is coaxial through shaft joint; Manual lowering valve links to each other with the bar plunger cavity that has of hydraulic cylinder;
3) detecting control system comprises: controller is connected with oil pumper velocity location sensor, electromagnetic switch valve, electromagnetic switch valve holding wire respectively, controller also through the AC vector frequency converter respectively with motor be connected with the photoelectric encoder holding wire that tests the speed of motor shaft.
The present invention compares with background technology, and the useful effect that has is:
1. adopt the balance mode of accumulator counterweight, reduced the installed power of oil pumper, simplified hydraulic cylinder structure;
2. the design adopts Numeric Control Technology to control hydraulic pumping unit.By microcomputer control unit control, can make the speed of service of sucker rod, oil well pump reach desirable best curve.
3. by regulating the frequency of variable-frequency governor out-put supply, change motor speed, but utilize hydraulic volume speed control principle step-less adjustment oil pumper jig frequency, stroke.According to the difference of the upper and lower stroke of motor, regulate power of electric motor in real time, make motor always work in optimum state, oil pumper-sucker rod-oil well pump can dynamically be coordinated, volume increase, energy-conservation obvious.
4. owing to use variable-frequency governor, the motor start-up electric current is significantly reduced, thereby prolonged the life-span of motor and hydraulic pump.Power factor increases substantially; Starting current is steady simultaneously, impacts little to electrical network.
5. owing to adopt numerically controlled converter technique, make that oil pumping system has been realized softly stopping, soft opening, at the uniform velocity promote discharge opeing and the feed liquor that at the uniform velocity descends, the complete machine stable working, operational shock load reduces.
6. have multiple stronger defencive functions such as overload, overcurrent, overvoltage, instantaneous stall.
7. the hydraulic pumping unit frequency-converting speed-governing control system adopts the sensor vector Closed loop Control.
In a word, it becomes one hydraulic technique and converter technique, control technology, come the duty of dynamic adjustments hydraulic pumping unit according to oil well condition, the variable frequency hydraulic oil pumper combines hydraulic volume speed adjusting technique, computer technology, the frequency conversion control technique in the present age, software and hardware resources is abundant, system's control makes it have advantages such as simple in structure, that energy-saving effect is remarkable, adaptivity is strong flexibly.This variable frequency hydraulic oil pumper has continuous stepless speed regulation, transfers stroke function, has multiple stronger self-protection functions such as overload, disconnected year, overcurrent, instantaneous stall.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the variable frequency hydraulic oil pumper structure principle chart that reduces installed power;
Fig. 2 is a hydraulic pumping unit system works schematic diagram.
Among the figure: 1 mechanical system, 2 hydraulic systems, 3 detect control system; the 4th, base, 5 side stands, 6 pedestal reinforcing ribs; 7 upper substrates, 8 rolling wheel supports, 9 wire rope; 10 rollers, 11 guide rails, 12 velocity location sensors; 13 buting iron, 14 polished rod eyes, 15 polished rods; 16 production trees; 17 oil pipes, 18 plungers, 19 hydraulic cylinders; 20 pipelines; 21; 22 are respectively under the oil cylinder plunger; the protection travel switch of limes superiors position, 23 AC vector frequency converters, 24 controllers are to the output signal of frequency converter; 25 oil pumper speed; position sensor is to the output signal of controller; 26 pipelines, 27 manual pumps, 28 fuel tanks; 29 pipe rupture valves; 30 motor photoelectric encoders are to the output signal of frequency converter, the photoelectric encoder that tests the speed of 31 motor shafts, 32 motor; 33 shaft couplings; 34 electromagnetic switch valves, 35 controllers are to the output signal of electromagnetic switch valve 34,36 controllers; 37 controllers are to the output signal of electromagnetic switch valve 43; 38 pipelines, 39 two-way pump/motors, 40; 41 is pipeline; 42 recharging oil devices; 43 electromagnetic switch valves, 44 pipelines, 45 accumulators; 46 frequency converters 23 are to the output signal of motor 32; 47 safety valves, 48 pipelines, 49 slippage pumps; 50 one way valves; 51 shaft couplings, 52 repairing motors, 53 pipelines; 54 manual lowering valves, 55 pipelines.
The specific embodiment
By Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as can be known, the variable frequency hydraulic oil pumper by mechanical system 1 and hydraulic system 2, detect control system 3 and form, wherein:
1) mechanical system 1 comprises: 4 bases, side stand 5, pedestal reinforcing rib 6, upper substrate 7, rolling wheel support 8, wire rope 9, roller 10, guide rail 11, velocity location sensor 12, buting iron 13, polished rod eye 14, polished rod 15, production tree 16, oil pipe 17, plunger 18, hydraulic cylinder 19, pipeline 20; Oil-extractor polish-rod 15 1 ends connect oil pipe 17 through production tree 16, and the wire rope of oil-extractor polish-rod 15 other ends is connected with the plunger 18 of hydraulic pressure 19 through roller 10, and velocity location sensor 12 is equipped with in plunger 18 sides, and plunger 18 end faces are equipped with buting iron 13;
2) hydraulic system 2 comprises: hydraulic pump 39 communicates with the bar plunger cavity that has of hydraulic cylinder 19 by pipeline 38, electromagnetic switch valve 34, governor valve 29, pipeline 20; Accumulator 45 links to each other with two-way pump/motor 39 by pipeline 44, electromagnetic switch valve 34; Recharging oil device 42 links to each other with two-way pump/motor 39 by pipeline 41; Manual pump 27 26 links to each other with pipeline 20 by the road.Motor 32 is by shaft joint 33 and coaxial connection of hydraulic pump 39 rigidity, and manual lowering valve 54 communicates with pipeline 20 by pipeline 55.
3) detecting control system 3 comprises: controller 36 is connected with oil pumper velocity location sensor 12, electromagnetic switch valve 34, electromagnetic switch valve 43 holding wires respectively, controller 36 also through AC vector frequency converter 23 respectively with motor 32 be connected with photoelectric encoder 31 holding wires that test the speed of motor shaft.
In the said recharging oil device 42, repairing motor 52 is connected with slippage pump 49 by shaft coupling 51, and slippage pump 49 communicates with pipeline 41 by one way valve 50; Safety valve 47 communicates with pipeline 41 by pipeline 48, links to each other with fuel tank 28 by pipeline 53.
Operating principle of the present invention is as follows:
A) up
During the oil pumper upstroke, controller 36 gives frequency converter 23 output control signals 24, drive motor 32 low-speed runnings; Controller 36 output control signals 35,37 are got to electromagnetic switch valve 34, electromagnetic switch valve 43 upper simultaneously; Motor 32 drives hydraulic pumps 39 by shaft coupling 33, with upper, the pipeline 40,41,38 of the hydraulic oils in the accumulator 45 through electromagnetic switch valve 43,34 upper through electromagnetic switch valve again, pipe rupture valve 29, squeezes into the rod chamber of hydraulic cylinder 19; Thereby it is descending to promote plunger 18, and it is up to drive sucker rod 15.In running, the signal 25 of control controller 36 real-time detection speeds, displacement transducer 12 outputs, and calculate the speed of service and the displacement of oil pumper at this moment; Frequency converter 23 detects the signal 30 of photoelectric encoder 31 outputs, calculates the rotating speed of motor 33 this moment.In controller 36, the displacement signal of input is compared with predefined stroke, with the rate signal of input and after desirable speed of service curve compares, constantly output control signal 24 is to frequency converter 23, make the continuous output signal 46 of frequency converter regulate the rotating speed of motor 32, change the fluid flow that enters hydraulic cylinder 19, and then the speed of service of constantly regulating sucker rod 15, it is operated under the optimal duty.When the displacement of sucker rod when setting stroke, controller 36 sends control signal 24, frequency converter 23 reduces the rotating speed of motor 25, the fuel feeding of oil well pump 39 is reduced, become 0 until motor 32 rotating speeds, hydraulic pump 39 no flow outputs, while electromagnetic switch valve 34,43 dead electricity, sucker rod 15 speed become 0.Sucker rod 15 will stay for some time by desirable rate curve after arriving upper dead point, and the deformation energy of sucker rod 15 is discharged.
B) descending
During the oil pumper down stroke, controller 36 gives frequency converter 23 output control signals 24, drive motor 32 low-speed runnings; Controller 36 output control signals 35,37 are got to electromagnetic switch valve 34, electromagnetic switch valve 43 upper simultaneously; Motor 32 drives hydraulic pump 39 by shaft coupling 33, fluid is passed through pipeline 20, pipe rupture valve 29, electromagnetic switch valve 34 by the rod chamber in the plunger case 19, squeeze into pipeline 38, again through two-way pump/motor 39, pipeline 41,40, electromagnetic switch valve 43, pipeline 44, squeeze into accumulator 45, fluid is stored in the accumulator 45; Along with the minimizing of cylinder rod chamber inner fluid, plunger 18 is upwards operation under the pulling force of sucker rod 15, and sucker rod 15 is descending.In running, the signal 25 of controller 36 real-time detection speeds, displacement transducer 12 outputs, and calculate the speed of service and the displacement of oil pumper at this moment; Frequency converter 36 detects the signal 30 of photoelectric encoder 31 outputs, calculates the rotating speed of motor 32 this moment.In controller 36, the displacement signal of input is compared with predefined stroke, with the rate signal of input and after desirable speed of service curve compares, constantly output control signal 24 is to frequency converter 23, make the continuous output signal 46 of frequency converter regulate the rotating speed of motor 32, change the fluid flow in the output hydraulic cylinder 19, and then the speed of service of constantly regulating sucker rod 15, it is operated under the optimal duty.When the displacement of sucker rod when setting stroke, controller 36 sends control signal 24, frequency converter 23 reduces the rotating speed of motor 32, the oil absorption of hydraulic pump 39 is reduced, become 0 until motor 32 rotating speeds, hydraulic pump 39 no flow outputs, while electromagnetic switch valve 34,43 dead electricity, sucker rod 15 speed become 0.After sucker rod 15 arrives the down stroke dead point, to stay for some time, make the full coefficient of adding of oil well pump reach best by desirable rate curve.
In the upper and lower running of oil pumper, oil pumper speed, position signalling feed back to controller 36 in real time and note, by comparing with the desirable operation curve of setting in the controller 36, constitute the big closed loop of oil pumper speed feedback, thereby oil pumper speed is regulated control in real time, make it reach best oil recovery state.In the running of oil pumper, motor can constantly be regulated its power output according to the variation of load, and then has saved big energy.
Needed oil pumper stroke and jig frequency number are input to controller 36, and controller 36 can be regulated the fluid flow that flows into, flows out hydraulic cylinder 19 automatically, thus the jig frequency of regulating oil pumper; Automatically be provided with simultaneously, detect the position sensor of oil pumper, thereby regulate the stroke of oil pumper automatically.
In other building block of system, pipe rupture valve 29 is installed near on the pipeline 20 of hydraulic cylinder.In the process of oil pumper work, oil pumper be because disconnected carrying can cause making the pipeline 20 or 38 pressure of 39 of hydraulic cylinder 19 and hydraulic pumps to boost suddenly, this moment pipe rupture valve 29, enter duty fast, cut-out hydraulic cylinder 19 oil circuits make the oil pumper safety arrestment.In the up stroke of oil pumper, because overload can make the outlet pressure of hydraulic pump 39 rise, this moment, safety valve 47 was opened rapidly, and pressure is remained on maximum working pressure, prevented that it from continuing to rise.
The same with safety valve 47, when manual pump 27, manual lowering valve 54 are in normal condition in system, do not participate in work.When system's dead electricity or frequency converter-motor-when the pump power link broke down, manual pump 27, manual lowering valve 54 can rise oil pumper or drop to desired locations.
When oil cylinder plunger 18 owing to beyond accident when going out its predetermined stroke, its end buting iron 13 will contact the protection travel switch 21,22 of oil cylinder plunger rod 18 upper and lower extreme positions, force system cut-off, the realization power-off protection.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of variable frequency hydraulic oil pumper that reduces installed power, the detection control system that comprises mechanical system, hydraulic system, forms by AC vector frequency converter and controller; It is characterized in that:
1) mechanical system (1) comprising: oil-extractor polish-rod (15) one termination production trees (16), the wire rope of oil-extractor polish-rod (15) other end is connected with the plunger (18) of hydraulic cylinder (19) through roller (10), velocity location sensor (12) is equipped with in plunger (18) side, and buting iron (13) is installed on plunger (18) top;
2) hydraulic system (2) comprising: hydraulic pump (39) is through electromagnetic switch valve (34), governor valve (29), link to each other with the bar plunger cavity that has of hydraulic cylinder (19); Accumulator (45) links to each other with two-way pump/motor (39) through electromagnetic switch valve (34); Recharging oil device (42) links to each other with two-way pump/motor (39); Manual pump (27) links to each other with the bar plunger cavity that has of hydraulic cylinder (19); The photoelectric encoder that tests the speed (31) of motor (32) one termination motor shafts, motor (32) one ends are through shaft joint (33) and hydraulic pump (39) the coaxial connection of rigidity; Manual lowering valve (54) links to each other with the bar plunger cavity that has of hydraulic cylinder (19);
3) detecting control system (3) comprising: controller (36) is connected with oil pumper velocity location sensor (12), electromagnetic switch valve (34), electromagnetic switch valve (43) holding wire respectively, controller (36) also through AC vector frequency converter (23) respectively with motor (32) be connected with the photoelectric encoder that tests the speed (31) holding wire of motor shaft.
2, a kind of variable frequency hydraulic oil pumper that reduces installed power according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the said recharging oil device (42), repairing motor (52) links to each other with slippage pump (49) by shaft coupling (51), and slippage pump (49) links to each other with two-way pump/motor (39) with safety valve (47) through one way valve (50); The other end connected tank (28) of safety valve (47).
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CN 200310108820 CN1256501C (en) | 2003-11-21 | 2003-11-21 | Frequency conversion hydraulic well pumping unit for reducing installation power |
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CN 200310108820 CN1256501C (en) | 2003-11-21 | 2003-11-21 | Frequency conversion hydraulic well pumping unit for reducing installation power |
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CN1544796A true CN1544796A (en) | 2004-11-10 |
CN1256501C CN1256501C (en) | 2006-05-17 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102900400A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-01-30 | 浙江大学 | Compact hydraulic oil pumping machine adopting composited pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder |
CN103821481A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-28 | 镇江索达联轴器有限公司 | Energy-saving light pumping unit |
CN104386609A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Lifting device |
CN112936972A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-11 | 吕言 | Hydraulic control device and control method for hydraulic machine |
-
2003
- 2003-11-21 CN CN 200310108820 patent/CN1256501C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102900400A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2013-01-30 | 浙江大学 | Compact hydraulic oil pumping machine adopting composited pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder |
CN103821481A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-28 | 镇江索达联轴器有限公司 | Energy-saving light pumping unit |
CN104386609A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Lifting device |
CN112936972A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-11 | 吕言 | Hydraulic control device and control method for hydraulic machine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1256501C (en) | 2006-05-17 |
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