CN1540583A - Method of safe using and anti false discriminating stored type electronic label - Google Patents
Method of safe using and anti false discriminating stored type electronic label Download PDFInfo
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- CN1540583A CN1540583A CNA2003101061396A CN200310106139A CN1540583A CN 1540583 A CN1540583 A CN 1540583A CN A2003101061396 A CNA2003101061396 A CN A2003101061396A CN 200310106139 A CN200310106139 A CN 200310106139A CN 1540583 A CN1540583 A CN 1540583A
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Abstract
The invention is applicable to reader-writer and stored type electronic label. Encrypting and decrypting procedure are carried out for authorization code of manufacturer or authorization code set by user self through reader-writer buy using unique ID number of stored type electronic label so as to solve security issue in using stored type electronic label.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of storing electronic label Secure Application and anti false authentication method.
Background technology
Radio frequency automatic identification (RFID) technology is to begin the new technology of rising and being applied rapidly in the world recent years.It is for realizing that global digitizing gathers a kind of brand-new means of being released automatically to characteristics such as the attribute of object, state, numberings, and the identity that can be widely used in personnel, animal, article is discerned automatically.As Fig. 1, the radio frequency automatic identification application system mainly consists of the following components:
(1) electronic tag of storaging mark thing data message (Tag), every label has all been write the globally unique identifier (ID) that can not revise when making production.
(2) be used to distinguish and write the read write line (Reader or Scanner) of label data
(3) be used for computer hardware and software (Computer) that system is controlled and manages
The electronic tag that adopts in the radio frequency automatic identification application system is the storing electronic label mostly, as the IntelliTag500 of U.S. Amtech company, the Sahara RW9520 of SCS company etc.These storing electronic labels externally show as an eeprom memory, are mainly used in to deposit the characteristic that is identified object.Because storing electronic label itself do not have the encryption anti-counterfeiting function, its data of storing above are easy to be stolen, and mix the spurious with the genuine thereby copy similar storing electronic label, and this should be used for lecture to automatic identification and cause serious safety issue.
Be applied as example with the parking lot automated management system, the way that comes into vogue at present is the monthly ticket card (this card is the storing electronic label) that reads at a distance for user's vehicle granting in the parking lot of often coming in and going out, the general granting numbering of only depositing these parking lot internal rules on every card.When the vehicle that posts the monthly ticket card, pin lifts clearance automatically when passing in and out the parking lot at every turn, has improved traffic efficiency.Obviously, if the monthly ticket card does not take safety measures, any user buys same model storing electronic label and the corresponding read-write equipment that a collection of parking lot system adopts from the market, just can copy the monthly ticket card, thereby can arbitrarily enter the parking lot of each employing such scheme.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the safety issue that in application, exists at the storing electronic label, proposed a kind of the utilization earlier and ID number of storing electronic label itself authorization code has been encrypted, utilized read-write equipment to decipher the method for carrying out false proof discriminating then and solve the safety issue of storing electronic label in using.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of storing electronic label Secure Application and anti false authentication method, it be applied to read write line and radio frequency automatic identification (RFID) system that constitutes by the storing electronic label of read write line distribution, identification in, it is characterized in that:
A, by password of storing electronic label publisher design, use the read write line tool software this password to be write in the storage unit of read write line, the read write line that is written into password just is called the subscriber authorisation read write line, this password is called user authorization code UAC, and the UAC sign indicating number is controlled by storing electronic label publisher;
B, when distribution storing electronic label, storing electronic label publisher at first reads ID number of every storing electronic label by the subscriber authorisation read write line, with ID number user authorization code UAC is encrypted then, generate and encrypt back user authorization code EUAC, again the EUAC sign indicating number is write in the storage unit of storing electronic label;
During c, system practical application, every storing electronic label that the user held is carried out false proof discriminating by the subscriber authorisation read write line:
In the storing electronic label that the subscriber authorisation read write line at first reads the user to be held ID number, read the EUAC sign indicating number in the storing electronic tag memory cell then, the EUAC sign indicating number is decrypted, UAC sign indicating number in decrypted result and the read write line storage unit is compared, if it is inconsistent, then be judged to be the storing electronic label that is not this storing electronic label publisher distribution, if consistent, then being judged to be is the storing electronic label of this storing electronic label publisher distribution.
User authorization code UAC of the present invention can be by letter, numeral, Chinese character or combinations thereof.
The present invention can carry out write-protect to the EUAC sign indicating number that writes in the storing electronic label memory cell.
The present invention also can adopt by read write line manufacturer and carry out the way realization that manufacturer's level mandate adds storing electronic tag ID code encryption:
A, the read write line user is numbered by feature such as industry or zone under it by the read write line manufacturer, and will number in the storage unit that before program release, writes in the read write line, this numbering is called the authorization code MAC of manufacturer, the read write line that is written into numbering just is called manufacturer and authorizes read write line, and the MAC sign indicating number is controlled by the manufacturer;
B, when distribution storing electronic label, storing electronic label publisher at first authorizes read write line to read ID number of every storing electronic label by manufacturer, with ID number the MAC sign indicating number is encrypted then, generate and encrypt the back authorization code EMAC of manufacturer, again the EMAC sign indicating number is write in the storage unit of storing electronic label;
During c, system practical application, authorize read write line that every the storing electronic label that is issued to the user is carried out false proof discriminating with manufacturer:
Manufacturer authorizes read write line at first to read in the storing electronic label that storing electronic label user held ID number, read the EMAC sign indicating number in the storing electronic label discrete cell then, the MAC sign indicating number that the EMAC sign indicating number is decrypted in back and the read write line storage unit compares, if it is inconsistent, then be judged to be the storing electronic label that is not this storing electronic label publisher distribution, if consistent, then being judged to be is the storing electronic label of this storing electronic label publisher distribution.
The level MAC of manufacturer authorization code wherein is by letter, numeral, Chinese character or combinations thereof.
For important department such as customs, public security, airport, safety check, national defence, military service also can be by carrying out the secondary mandate to read write line when adopting this method, promptly by manufacturer's level mandate and user class mandate, realization is to the two-stage encryption of storing electronic label, and concrete grammar is as follows:
A, the read write line user is numbered by feature such as industry or zone under it by the read write line manufacturer, and will number in the storage unit that before program release, writes in the read write line, this numbering is called the authorization code MAC of manufacturer, the read write line that is written into numbering just is called manufacturer and authorizes the back read write line, and the MAC sign indicating number is controlled by the manufacturer;
B, storing electronic label publisher are before the read write line that use buys, oneself designs a password in advance, and use the read write line tool software to authorize in another storage unit that on the read write line of back this password is write manufacturer's mandate back read write line in aforesaid manufacturer, at this moment, the read write line that is written into this password just is called two-stage mandate read write line, this password is called user authorization code UAC, and the UAC sign indicating number is controlled by storing electronic label publisher;
C, the storing electronic label is encrypted by storing electronic label publisher:
(1) at first with ID number of every storing electronic tag the authorization code MAC of manufacturer is encrypted by two-stage mandate read write line, generate and encrypt the back authorization code EMAC of manufacturer, the EMAC sign indicating number is write in the storage unit of storing electronic label, and this storage unit is carried out write-protect;
Secondly (2) user authorization code UAC sign indicating number is encrypted with ID number of every storing electronic label by two-stage mandate read write line, generate and encrypt back user authorization code EUAC, the EUAC sign indicating number is write in another storage unit of storing electronic label, and this storage unit is carried out write-protect;
During d, system practical application, with every the storing electronic label that is issued to the user being carried out false proof discriminating through two-stage mandate read write line:
In the storing electronic label that two-stage mandate read write line at first reads the user to be held ID number, read the EMAC sign indicating number in the storing electronic label then, the EMAC sign indicating number is decrypted the MAC sign indicating number of storing in back and the two-stage mandate read write line storage unit to be compared, if it is inconsistent, then be judged to be the storing electronic label that is not this storing electronic label publisher distribution, if it is consistent, then continue to read the EUAC sign indicating number in the storing electronic label, the UAC sign indicating number that the EUAC sign indicating number is decrypted in back and another storage unit of two-stage mandate read write line compares then, if it is inconsistent, then be judged to be the storing electronic label that is not this storing electronic label publisher distribution, if consistent, then being judged to be is the storing electronic label of this storing electronic label publisher distribution.
So far, storing electronic label publisher can write release data to the storing electronic label with EMAC authorization code or EUAC authorization code or two-stage authorization code, as numbering, the amount of money or the like data, issue the user then and use, also can write release data at any time the storing electronic label in using.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The technology of the present invention has solved the application security problem of using the storing electronic label at present in the radio frequency automatic identification field, and simple, the easy row of implementation method, employed software is simple, easy to be compiled, and the electronic tag that adopts way of the present invention to issue can not increase label user's financial burden.The present invention solves the safe handling problem of sub-storing electronic label from the source, different fully with the software cryptography in the common distribution process.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the radio frequency automatic identification system architecture diagram described in the background technology of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is to electronic tag validity decision process flow diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
A kind of storing electronic label Secure Application and anti false authentication method is characterized in that:
A, elder generation (contain integrator by the read write line manufacturer to read write line dealer, being responsible for a read write line product by them is provided in final user's hand) be numbered by industry, this numbering is called manufacturer's authorization code (MAC-Manufacture Authorization Code), deposit unified management in the Computer Database in by manufacturer, and will number in the read write line before sales writes storage unit in the read write line, this numbering is called the authorization code MAC of manufacturer, the read write line that is written into numbering just is called manufacturer and authorizes the back read write line, and the MAC sign indicating number is controlled by the manufacturer;
Without any difference, but because the MAC sign indicating number difference of storage inside, therefore which dealer can be easy to distinguish read write line belongs to, thereby can guarantee can not read between the different dealer data in the other side's label on the read write line surface after authorizing through manufacturer.
B, only there is manufacturer's authorization code (MAC sign indicating number) can't solve the problem that can read data in the other side's electronic tag mutually between the read write line that same dealer offers a plurality of storing electronic label publisher.Therefore the approach that need authorize for the read write line that storing electronic label publisher uses own unit.Concrete grammar is:
Storing electronic label publisher authorizes the back read write line to use the read write line tool software to write a password of oneself setting to buy the manufacturer that comes from dealer, read write line writes this password in another storage unit of read write line automatically, at this moment, the read write line that is written into this password just is called two-stage mandate read write line, this password is called user authorization code UAC (UAC-User Authorization Code), and the UAC sign indicating number is controlled by storing electronic label publisher; This password has only the managerial personnel of radio frequency automatic identification application system (comprising read write line and continuous supervisory computer thereof) to grasp, other staff's (comprising dealer) do not know this password, guarantee the mutual nonaggression between a plurality of clients of same dealer thus.
C, carry out anti-fake encrpted to the storing electronic label by storing electronic label publisher:
(1) at first with ID number of every storing electronic tag the authorization code MAC of manufacturer is encrypted by two-stage mandate read write line, generate and encrypt the back authorization code EMAC of manufacturer, the EMAC sign indicating number is write in the storage unit of storing electronic label, and this storage unit is carried out write-protect;
Secondly (2) user authorization code UAC sign indicating number is encrypted with ID number of every storing electronic label by two-stage mandate read write line, generate and encrypt back user authorization code EUAC, the EUAC sign indicating number is write in another storage unit of storing electronic label, and this storage unit is carried out write-protect;
During d, system practical application, every the storing electronic label that is issued to the user is carried out false proof discriminating with two-stage mandate read write line:
In the storing electronic label that two-stage mandate read write line at first reads the user to be held ID number, read the EMAC sign indicating number in the storing electronic label then, the EMAC sign indicating number is decrypted the MAC sign indicating number of storing in back and the two-stage mandate read write line storage unit to be compared, if it is inconsistent, then be judged to be the storing electronic label that is not this storing electronic label publisher distribution, if it is consistent, then continue to read the EUAC sign indicating number in the storing electronic label, the UAC sign indicating number that the EUAC sign indicating number is decrypted in back and another storage unit of two-stage mandate read write line compares then, if it is inconsistent, then be judged to be the storing electronic label that is not this storing electronic label publisher distribution, if consistent, then being judged to be is the storing electronic label of this storing electronic label publisher distribution.The storing electronic label qualified to false proof discriminating also can be made further juggling to other release data, and its method of discrimination does not belong to the row of content of the present invention.
False proof discriminating of the present invention is differentiated process flow diagram flow chart as shown in Figure 2.
Need to prove, should be before using label for the first time to the encryption authorization of storing electronic label, otherwise this label of read write line refusal identification.Certainly, to can in use writing release data at any time through the storing electronic label behind the encryption authorization of the present invention.
Using and to encrypt for ID number of the storing electronic label, is because ID number global uniqueness of every storing electronic label and alterability never.All be replicated even can guarantee other all data in the label like this, but the certain and initial content of the result behind the data decryption is inconsistent, thus reach the storing electronic label can not copy characteristic.
The present invention also can adopt following comparatively easy Secure Application and false proof discriminating way:
Carry out write-protect with ID number of the storing electronic label in the storing electronic tag memory cell to generating the authorization code EMAC of manufacturer after manufacturer's authorization code (MAC) encryption and writing, directly will issue the user then and use with the storing electronic label of EMAC sign indicating number and release data.
The present invention also can adopt following comparatively easy Secure Application and false proof discriminating way:
Carry out write-protect with ID number of the storing electronic label in the storing electronic tag memory cell to generating encrypting user authorization code EUAC after user authorization code (UAC) encryption and writing, directly will issue the user then and use with the storing electronic label of EUAC sign indicating number and release data.
Concrete application examples:
Security solution with RFS-1800 series read write line and RFT-9000 series electronic label is an example:
(1) manufacturer's authorization code MAC
MAC is one 4 byte number, wherein:
The 1st byte (height) vendor code is fixed as 18H;
The 2nd byte industry code, stipulate as follows:
The management of 01-rolling stock
The vehicle management of 02-customs corridor
Unit vehicle turnover management such as parking lot, 03-sub-district, industrial enterprise, government bodies
……
Dealer's serial number that the 3-4 byte is distributed and managed by the manufacturer
(2) user authorization code UAC
The longest 8 characters, the replacing of 8 characters of less than with the space.Character can be 0～9, A～Z, a～z and other can be from the symbols of keyboard input, and letter is case sensitive.
(3) manufacturer's authorization code (MAC) No. 3 addresses of writing electronic tag after encrypted
Low 4 byte step-by-step XORs 4 byte MAC and label ID number during encryption generate EMAC.
During deciphering the EMAC that reads with label ID number hang down 4 byte step-by-step XORs after be reduced into MAC.
(4) user authorization code No. 4 addresses of writing electronic tag after encrypted
8 corresponding byte step-by-step XORs of the UAC of 8 characters and 64bits label ID number, result's 0～3 byte and the mutual XOR of 4～7 bytes, the result is the EUAC of 4 bytes again during encryption.
Adopt above-mentioned same procedure to generate EUAC during deciphering, compare, differentiate the consistance of user authorization code with the EUAC that reads from the storing electronic label.
No matter be that manufacturer is authorized, or subscriber authorisation all needs the use authority application software.The applied software development summary is as follows:
One, manufacturer's read write line distribution management software
Manufacturer's read write line distribution management software is only in the inner use of production firm, never outflow.This software has following function:
(1) software inherently safe mechanism
◆ login: during software startup, alert input password has only by verifying that back software could start.
◆ revise password: legal login user, can revise own password, the long-term security of using of assurance system.
◆ the user: the user divides power user and domestic consumer's two classes, and the power user can delete the password of domestic consumer.Power user's initial password is " ABCD ", and the initial password of domestic consumer is " 1234 ".
◆ operation archives: nearest 1 month of data-base recording or 1000 operations.
(2) manufacturer's authorization code management
◆ utilize the numbering (promptly writing the MAC in the read write line) of all dealer of data base administration
◆ can in the storehouse, add new industry, new dealer;
◆ guarantee the uniqueness of the numbering (being MAC) of each dealer;
◆ and function such as inquiry and printout flexibly can be provided
(3) write and read manufacturer's authorization code in the read write line
◆ choose dealer's numbering from database, issue an order writes read write line to MAC
◆ issue an order is read the MAC that stores in the read write line and in interface display
(4) read user authorization code in the read write line, prevent that the user from forgeing this password
(5) read write line that is dynamically connected certainly
During software startup, Automatic Program is with 9600bps speed, and whether COM1 or COM2 mouth connect read write line on the inquiry PC, if connect then allow above-mentioned (3) (4) two operations, otherwise forbids its operation.Whether successful connection points out in " operation information " hurdle.
Two, user writable device distribution management software
User writable device distribution management software provides to the final user and uses, and should have following function:
(1) software inherently safe mechanism:
User: divide power user (dealer) and domestic consumer.The power user can carry out subscriber authorisation and set the read write line running parameter read write line, and the electronic tag authorization function can only be operated by domestic consumer.The same joint of other content.
(2) user carries out empowerment management to the read write line that our unit uses
◆ the operator imports the Old Password of preserving in the read write line earlier on software interface, editor input length mostly is the new password of 8 characters most (character shows in " * " mode again, new password need be imported 2 times), the issue operational order is write new password in the read write line as user authorization code UAC.
◆ when writing new password, Automatic Program reads old user cipher from read write line, with the Old Password of input relatively, if identical then the new password that edits is write in the read write line.User cipher when read write line dispatches from the factory is " 1234 ".
Attention: the power user should keep the password of writing in the read write line firmly in mind, and guarantees to write before and after the password in other read write line of our unit's same application in full accord next time.
(3) running parameter of setting read write line
The read write line parameter that can supply the user to set:
◆ data output format is Wiegan26/34 or RS485 mode
◆ read same storing electronic label is all to export at every turn, still only exports once.
◆ Card Reader at interval: the time interval between twice Card Reader has 50ms, 100ms, 200ms, 300ms, 500ms optional
◆ card number leaves the position in the storing electronic label internal memory in: be fixed as the address temporarily No. 31
◆ the baud rate during RS485 output: 0-600,1-1200,2-2400,3-4800,4-9600,5-19200,6-38400,7-57600
◆ the serial number of read write line: when adopting RS485 communication, generally allow on communication line, to connect a plurality of read write lines, therefore need a plurality of read write lines on the same communication line be numbered, to solve the data transmission collision problem.
◆ setpoint power output
(4) encryption authorization storing electronic label
Call the discrete cell that writes the storing electronic label after api function is encrypted the MAC in the read write line and UAC.
(5) order hair fastener
◆ set up database, deposit information such as the numbering of hair fastener and user's title
◆ have inquiry and printout function to database
◆ call the API write order numbering is write particular address (being No. 31 addresses at present) on the storing electronic label, unauthorized storing electronic label refusal numbering, and alarm.
◆ read the numbering at place, No. 31 addresses on the storing electronic label.
(6) read write line that is dynamically connected certainly
During software startup, Automatic Program is with 9600bps speed, and whether COM1 or COM2 mouth connect read write line on the inquiry PC level, if connect then allow above-mentioned (2)～(5) operation, otherwise forbids its operation.Whether successful connection points out in " operation information " hurdle.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of storing electronic label Secure Application and anti false authentication method, it be applied to read write line and the radio frequency automatic identification system that constitutes by the storing electronic label of read write line distribution, identification in, it is characterized in that:
A, by password of storing electronic label publisher design, use the read write line tool software this password to be write in the storage unit of read write line, the read write line that is written into password just is called the subscriber authorisation read write line, this password is called user authorization code UAC, and the UAC sign indicating number is controlled by storing electronic label publisher;
B, when distribution storing electronic label, storing electronic label publisher at first reads ID number of every storing electronic label by the subscriber authorisation read write line, with ID number user authorization code UAC is encrypted then, generate and encrypt back user authorization code EUAC, again the EUAC sign indicating number is write in the storage unit of storing electronic label;
During c, system practical application, every storing electronic label that the user held is carried out false proof discriminating by the subscriber authorisation read write line:
In the storing electronic label that the subscriber authorisation read write line at first reads the user to be held ID number, read the EUAC sign indicating number in the storing electronic tag memory cell then, the EUAC sign indicating number is decrypted, UAC sign indicating number in decrypted result and the read write line storage unit is compared, if it is inconsistent, then be judged to be the storing electronic label that is not this storing electronic label publisher distribution, if consistent, then being judged to be is the storing electronic label of this storing electronic label publisher distribution.
2, storing electronic label Secure Application according to claim 1 and anti false authentication method is characterized in that described user authorization code UAC is by letter, numeral, Chinese character or combinations thereof.
3, storing electronic label Secure Application according to claim 1 and anti false authentication method is characterized in that the EUAC sign indicating number that writes in the storing electronic tag memory cell is carried out write-protect.
4, storing electronic label Secure Application according to claim 1 and anti false authentication method is characterized in that:
A, the read write line user is numbered by feature such as industry or zone under it by the read write line manufacturer, and will number in the storage unit that before program release, writes in the read write line, this numbering is called the authorization code MAC of manufacturer, the read write line that is written into numbering just is called manufacturer and authorizes read write line, and the MAC sign indicating number is controlled by the manufacturer;
B, when distribution storing electronic label, storing electronic label publisher at first authorizes read write line to read ID number of every storing electronic label by manufacturer, with ID number the MAC sign indicating number is encrypted then, generate and encrypt the back authorization code EMAC of manufacturer, again the EMAC sign indicating number is write in the storage unit of storing electronic label, and this storage unit is carried out write-protect;
During c, system practical application, authorize read write line that every the storing electronic label that is issued to the user is carried out false proof discriminating with manufacturer:
Manufacturer authorizes read write line at first to read in the storing electronic label that storing electronic label user held ID number, read the EMAC sign indicating number in the storing electronic label discrete cell then, the MAC sign indicating number that the EMAC sign indicating number is decrypted in back and the read write line storage unit compares, if it is inconsistent, then be judged to be the storing electronic label that is not this storing electronic label publisher distribution, if consistent, then being judged to be is the storing electronic label of this storing electronic label publisher distribution.
5, storing electronic label Secure Application according to claim 4 and anti false authentication method is characterized in that the described authorization code MAC of manufacturer is a numeral number.
6, storing electronic label Secure Application according to claim 1 and anti false authentication method is characterized in that:
A, elder generation are numbered by feature such as industry or zone under it the read write line user by the read write line manufacturer, and will number in the storage unit that before program release, writes in the read write line, this numbering is called the authorization code MAC of manufacturer, the read write line that is written into numbering just is called manufacturer and authorizes the back read write line, and the MAC sign indicating number is controlled by the manufacturer;
B, storing electronic label publisher are before the read write line that use buys, oneself designs a password in advance, and use the read write line tool software to authorize in another storage unit that on the read write line of back this password is write manufacturer's mandate back read write line in aforesaid manufacturer, at this moment, the read write line that is written into this password just is called two-stage mandate read write line, this password is called user authorization code UAC, and the UAC sign indicating number is controlled by storing electronic label publisher;
C, the storing electronic label is encrypted by storing electronic label publisher:
(1) at first with ID number of every storing electronic tag the authorization code MAC of manufacturer is encrypted by two-stage mandate read write line, generate and encrypt the back authorization code EMAC of manufacturer, the EMAC sign indicating number is write in the storage unit of storing electronic label, and this storage unit is carried out write-protect;
Secondly (2) user authorization code UAC is encrypted with ID number of every storing electronic label by two-stage mandate read write line, generate and encrypt back user authorization code EUAC, the EUAC sign indicating number is write in another storage unit of storing electronic label, and this storage unit is carried out write-protect;
During d, system practical application, with every the storing electronic label that is issued to the user being carried out false proof discriminating through two-stage mandate read write line:
In the storing electronic label that two-stage mandate read write line at first reads the user to be held ID number, read the EMAC sign indicating number in the storing electronic label then, the EMAC sign indicating number is decrypted the MAC sign indicating number of storing in back and the two-stage mandate read write line storage unit to be compared, if it is inconsistent, then be judged to be the storing electronic label that is not this storing electronic label publisher distribution, if it is consistent, then continue to read the EUAC sign indicating number in the storing electronic label, the UAC sign indicating number that the EUAC sign indicating number is decrypted in back and the two-stage mandate read write line storage unit compares then, if it is inconsistent, then be judged to be the storing electronic label that is not this storing electronic label publisher distribution, if consistent, then being judged to be is the storing electronic label of this storing electronic label publisher distribution.
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