CN1514248A - Circulating cooling water quality monitoring system and equipment - Google Patents
Circulating cooling water quality monitoring system and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1514248A CN1514248A CNA031208088A CN03120808A CN1514248A CN 1514248 A CN1514248 A CN 1514248A CN A031208088 A CNA031208088 A CN A031208088A CN 03120808 A CN03120808 A CN 03120808A CN 1514248 A CN1514248 A CN 1514248A
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Abstract
A system uses PLC programmable controller as a core with nine attachment units as pH on line detection unit, electric conductivity on line detection unit, flow rate on line detection unit, hardness on line detection unit, corrosion resistance on line detection unit, C1 concentration on line detection unit, automatic control unit for proportionally adding medicine, water supplementing automatic control unit and pollution discharging automatic control unit so that automatic control for adding medicine, automatic discharging of concentrated water and automatic supplementing of fresh water can be realized.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to robotization and field of environment protection, particularly a kind of circulating cooling water quality supervisory system and equipment.
Background technology:
The fouling of cooling water system and corrosion are one of main harm that cold exchange device damages and efficient reduces.Industrial circulating cooling water is constantly recycling in the process, because the variation of water temperature, flow velocity, the evaporation of water loss, concentrating of various inorganic and organic substances, cooling tower and water cooling pond enter and the combined action of multiple reasons such as device structure and material the outdoor irradiation that is subjected to sunlight, wind and weather, dust foreign material, can produce that serious sediment adheres to, the growing in a large number of equipment corrosion and microorganism.They can destroy the shop characteristic of circulation cooling device, and damage equipment threatens the macrocyclic safety in production of factory, causes serious economy loss.
By circulating cooling water quality is monitored is one of effective way that addresses the above problem.But at present at home, the on-line monitoring of recirculated cooling water is confined to conductivity or to the monitoring of a certain single ionic more, the reaction of corrosion situation is difficult to comprehensively, also very limited to the predictive ability of fouling; Also there is very big problem on to the control of water quality,, no matter adds dose or administration timing of drug and establish a capital really and can't realize accurately and robotization especially to the control of medicine system.The drawback of doing like this is conspicuous: because institute's adding medicine is a strong acid and strong base, dosing is very big to the infringement of pipeline blindly, and causes the big ups and downs of water quality parameters such as recirculated water pH value, and the effect of this infringement is more obvious in open system.At present, though domestic have minority enterprise to set up the cycle water automatic monitoring system, controlled variable is less, and main fouling and corrosion dynamic monitoring still are unrealized with control to recirculated water, and most of work still needs artificial the participation.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is the fouling and the etching problem of solution equipment, realizes that a kind of circulating cooling water quality online monitoring system has been developed in the on-line monitoring and the control procedure robotization of water quality, with pH value, conductivity, hardness, the Cl of recirculated cooling water
-Concentration, Fe
2+Parameters such as the temperature of concentration and chilled water, flow reach the purpose that prevents or slow down equipment scaling and corrosion as the main judgment basis of equipment scaling and corrosion situation and trend thereof by the adjustment to correlation parameter.
A kind of circulating cooling water quality online monitoring system, it is characterized in that this system is a core with the PLC Programmable Logic Controller, other establishes nine unit, i.e. pH on-line monitoring unit, conductivity on-line monitoring unit, flow velocity on-line monitoring unit, hardness on-line monitoring unit, corrosion resistance on-line monitoring unit, chlorine ion concentration on-line monitoring unit, ratio dosing Automatic Control Unit, moisturizing Automatic Control Unit, automatic pollution discharge control module.Can realize automatic control, the automatic discharging of condensed water and the replenishing automatically of new water of dosing process.
PH on-line monitoring unit: the stability that adds acid control is the success or failure key of Water Treatment.Add in the acid treatment scheme to calculate the maximum consumption per day of acid, be provided with sour surge tank.Even meet accident, acid all enters in the system in the surge tank, also can not bring fatal harm.
Adopt in the design to add acid automatically and manually to add sour dual mode, break down maybe need safeguard the time, adopt manually to add acid when adding acid automatically.Automatically add sour device and on control center's terminal, can set the maximal value pH of pH value
MaxWith minimum value pH
Min, the pH probe in combination electrode is reflected to pH greater than pH
MaxThe time, circulation is tended to fouling, and control system is sent unblanking and is added sour pump; As the not enough pH of pH
MinThe time, circulation is tended to corrosion, and control system is sent signal at stop and is added sour pump and stop to add acid.
Add the selection of acid point, should select can be very fast local uniformly the acid dilution, thus add the place that the acid point is selected in backwater in the water cooling pond, and as far as possible away from pump intake.
The selection that adds the acid amount can be calculated according to formula automatically by PLC.
The automatic pollution discharge control module: by conductivity control, the upper limit of conductivity is set in control center's terminal, when exceeding, the value that records prescribes a time limit, and the PLC output alarm signal, and in control center's terminal demonstration.When concentration rate rose, conductivity also rose thereupon, but and disproportionate, concentration rate rises 1 times the time, the ratio that conductivity rises is between 0.9～1.0.And circulating water temperature is more stable, so to conductivity influence and little.Measuring concentration rate according to projects such as monitoring chlorine roots is 3 o'clock, and pairing conductivity is the control conductivity.The control conductivity adds that 10% of original conductivity is the control bound of conductivity.Signal according to the output of conductivity on-line monitoring value is controlled blowdown automatically by electromagnetism-gas-driving valve.The blowdown point selection is at the backwater place of heat interchanger.Blowdown flow rate is drawn by system automatically according to the parameter that detection instrument returns.
Ratio dosing Automatic Control Unit has adopted automation equipment, to have guaranteed the continuity of blowdown, considers the economic and stable of on-line monitoring equipment, adopts volume pump automatic tonic in the recirculated water.Dose control: after configuring the principal ingredient and concentration of current various medicaments, the data that monitoring software returns according to each probe are calculated automatically and are added dose.
The moisturizing automatic control unit: system is according to the indicated numerical value of water cooling pond liquid level gauge, and control has the stop and start of the malleation water meter of control head, thereby realizes automatic water supplement.
Flow velocity on-line monitoring Automatic Control Unit: the flow velocity detection instrument is housed on heat interchanger.When being lower than down, flow velocity prescribes a time limit, PLC meeting output alarm signal, and in control center's terminal demonstration.The lower flow rate limit of each heat interchanger all can be set in control center's terminal.
Chlorine ion concentration on-line monitoring unit: remove in the combination electrode to Cl
-Outside the detection of ion, Cl is housed respectively on heat interchanger
-Concentration monitor.As heat interchanger Cl
-Concentration is higher than the output alarm signal of PLC meeting in limited time, and shows in control center's terminal.The Cl of each heat interchanger
-Upper limit of concentration all can be set in control center's terminal.
Control center's terminal and PLC finish to the processing of whole Monitoring Data and according to result and control all automatic control equipments.Industrial circulating water enters water cooling pond through cooling tower, enters Buffer Pool by water cooling pond.At Buffer Pool the combination electrode monitoring equipment is installed, in order to measure pH value, conductivity, chlorine ion concentration, hardness and the ferrous ion concentration etc. of recirculated water.The various parameters that record are returned control center by communication line, handle the back input control terminal through PLC.Automatic monitor and control software starts corresponding dosing according to various parameter values, and moisturizing adds acid, automatic control equipments such as blowdown, thus finish the online auto monitoring and the control of water quality.
The control foundation:
At first need to determine the Several Parameters of investigation, draw the rule of change of water quality when keeping water quality they interacting when basicly stable by dynamic test, mark off corrosion region, dynamic stability district and fouling district at the water quality system, according to this water quality figure and relevant mathematical model, medicine system, unwatering system and water charging system are controlled by control system.
Extrapolate three kinds of indexes of working temperature and fouling of concentration rate interval scale and corrosion tendency according to the result of raw data and water analysis: Lei Zina index of stability, bright lattice rel saturation index and scaling index.
Each index and saturated pH value are calculated as follows:
At first calculate saturated pH value: pH
S=(9.70+A+B)-(C+D)
Wherein A represents the total dissolved solidss coefficient, B representation temperature coefficient, and C represents the CaH coefficient, and D represents the total alkalinity coefficient, according to the complete water quality analysis data, can search from relevant form.PH value in the following index is the actual pH of recirculated water under running temperature.
Youth Ge Lier index (saturation index): I
s=pH-pH
S
Lei Zina index of stability: S=2pH
S-pH
Scaling index: PSI=2pH
S-pH
EqWherein, pH
Eq=1.4651gM+4.54, M are total alkalinity
Table 1 water coning is judged
| Index | Corrosion | Stable | Fouling |
| Youth Ge Lier index | I s＜0 | ?I s＝0 | ?I s＞0 |
| The Lei Zina index of stability | 6.0＜S＜7.5: corrosion, S＞7.5 heavy corrosions | ?S≈6.0 | S＜3.7: serious fouling, 3.7＜S＜6: fouling |
| Scaling index | PSI＞6 | ?PSI≈6 | ?PSI＜6 |
The PLC control system:
1, image data: the control combination electrode is gathered automatically to water quality parameter, and record data are also sent data into expert system.
2, data analysis: calculate Cl
-Concentration rate N;
N=[Cl
-]
Recirculated water/ [Cl
-]
Supplementing water
Calculate Lei Zina index of stability, bright lattice rel saturation index and scaling index according to formula;
Provide water quality condition according to index analysis, calculate the reaction that blowdown flow rate and rate of water make-up and the scene of drawing need be made.
3, to field control:
Add sour pump, dosing pump switch continuous dosing by pH value, corrosion resistance value association index control indexes medicine system;
By the switch of conductivity in conjunction with the electromagnetism-gas-driving valve of concentration rate and index control indexes automatic blowdown system;
By the switch of the electromagnetism-gas-driving valve of liquid level gauge control automatic water supplement system, automatic water supplement system and automatic blowdown system are continuous operation.
Be real-time sampling, obtain monitor data, the present invention has adopted the direct insertion monitoring water quality on line combination electrode of the multiparameter equipment of design voluntarily, and this equipment comprises: 1, poly-tetrafluoro sheath 2, electrode measurement part-ceramic heart 3, stainless steel sleeve pipe 4, data transmission interface 5, installation draw-in groove.Mounting means: probe is directly installed on the process pipeline, and 240 ℃ of installation forms are pressed detachable the installation for band, can adopt flange form to connect more than 240 ℃.The anti-collision of the anti-corrosion flow impact resistant of stainless steel sleeve pipe; But detachable poly-tetrafluoro sheath guard electrode sensitive element is avoided foreign matter collision injury, is convenient to clean, and hole is arranged to guarantee liquid communication on the sheath; Pottery inner core intensity is big, can play enough protective effects to sensitive element.
This equipment Applied Electrochemistry principle is carried out Monitoring and Controlling to the water quality situation, and its ultimate principle is that activity, the activity coefficient according to the corrosion and scaling tendency of metal in aqueous solution and medium has confidential relation.
According to thermodynamic principles, the generation of corrosion cell electromotive force is the power that corrosion takes place system.The electromotive force of corrosion cell equals the algebraic sum of the current potential of the current potential of anode reaction (be corrosion of metal reaction) and cathode reaction in the solution.Can use this spy of energy (Nernst) equation the electrochemical principle from the thermodynamics angle to the judgement of system corrosion tendency, see formula (1):
The electromotive force that it has reflected corrosion cell is subjected to the relation (usable concentration replaces activity when concentration is enough low) of the influence of the activity of reactant and product in the corrosion cell.The variation of reactant and production concentration can cause the variation of electromotive force in the corrosion cell, that is says, has caused the variation of corrosion tendency.Metal has corrosion tendency when the electrode potential of metal is lower than itself standard electrode potential.So the electrode potential of opertaing device material is the effective means of prevention and opertaing device corrosion within rational index.
Studies show that (especially iron) Cl concerning most of metals
-Existence be the key factor that reduces its electrode potential, in a certain system, allow the Cl of existence
-Concentration certain limit is arranged, exceed will cause corrosion.In circulation, Cl
-Concentration is again one of technical parameter of investigating concentration rate; Parameters such as dielectric conductance rate, pH value, hardness change the variation that has reflected water quality corrosion and fouling tendency; Corrosion resistance has reflected corrosion tendency and corrosion speed size or the like.The corrosion and scaling tendency of water quality can be in time recognized in the online variation of monitoring these correlation parameters.Also provide guarantee within the safe range, made the production can continuous, safe carrying out, and then reduced condensed water and discharge pressure environment for each parameter is controlled at.
Should be pointed out that the parameter that different recirculated water equipment should be investigated is not quite similar, should select monitoring parameter to formulate concrete monitoring plan as the case may be.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, saves supplementing water and also can reduce quantity of wastewater effluent.The stable operation of the circulation system can effectively be controlled water quality and satisfy technological requirement, system's serious water shortage and the too much situation of moisturizing when the automatic control of water charging system has been reduced manual control.The dense water treatment difficulty cost height that recirculated water is discharged, the minimizing of sewer has alleviated the sewage load that the pressure of environment has also been reduced factory, and good economic benefits is arranged;
2, save medicament.The situation of dosing blindly when rationally and effectively manual control has been avoided in control to water quality and water charging system, drainage makes to add dose and administration timing of drug is tending towards rationally, can significantly reduce dosing under the situation of assurance water quality;
3, can improve pH value, concentration rate, hardness, Cl greatly
-The qualification rate of technic indexs such as concentration.Automatic on-line monitoring and realization of automatic control can significantly reduce when the personal monitoring controls and produce systematic error and personal error, for water stabilization provides reliable basis, can guarantee preferably the index monitoring and control reasonable, qualified.
4, improved the automaticity of circulating cooling water quality and control.
Multi-parameter water quality on-line monitoring combination electrode is that multiple probe is formed incorporate water quality parameter detector, to pH value, conductivity, hardness, the Cl in the recirculated cooling water
-Concentration, Fe
2+Parameters such as the temperature of concentration and chilled water, flow are implemented comprehensive real time on-line monitoring, numerical value and variation tendency according to relevant water quality parameter, judge the corrosion and scaling tendency of circulation cooling device by the data analysis system of being set up, draw the addition and the joining day of medicament, by with PLC being automatic control, the automatic discharging of condensed water and the replenishing automatically of new water of the intelligent control system realization dosing process at center.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is on-the-spot flange connection diagram.
Fig. 2 is the direct insertion monitoring water quality on line combined electrode structure of a multiparameter synoptic diagram.
1. poly-tetrafluoro sheath 2. electrode measurements part-ceramic heart 3. stainless steel sleeve pipes 4. data transmission interfaces 5. are installed draw-in groove
Fig. 3 is a circulating cooling water quality online monitoring system workflow synoptic diagram.
11. corrosion inhibiting and descaling agent 12. acid 13. artificial chemicals dosing plants 14. manually add malleation water meter 19. supplementing water, 20. automatic pollution discharge 21.PLC, 22. terminals, 23. Buffer Pools, 24. combination electrodes, 25. data acquisition units, 26. diversion basins, 27. velocimeters, 28. heat interchanger that sour device 15. volume pumps 16. cooling towers 17. water cooling ponds 18. have control head
Embodiment:
Electrode probe is directly installed on the process pipeline, or adopts flange form to connect.Specification: stainless steel sleeve pipe: φ 25 * 100mm
Poly-tetrafluoro sheath: φ 25 * 25mm
Pottery inner core: φ 20 * 120mm
The measurement sensitive element is given an example:
Table 2 is measured sensitive element for example
| Measurement parameter | Responding range | Sensitive material | Size (mm) | Remarks |
| The center contrast electrode | Ag/AgCl | φ2×120 | Thread | |
| pH | 0～14.0 | φ3×120 | Topping up type not | |
| Electrical conductivity of solution (μ S/ cm) | 0～20 | Platinum black | φ2×120 | Thread |
| Hardness (mg/L) | 0～500 | The calcium ions and magnesium ions sensitive membrane | φ3×120 | Thread |
| Cl -Concentration (mg/L) | Select 0～500 when being used for stainless steel equipment | The AgCl/Ag2S solid film | φ3×120 | Thread |
| Select 0～1500 when being used for carbon steel equipment | ||||
| The corrosion resistance probe | 0～ | Identical with equipment material | φ3×120 | Thread |
Annotate: can delete and augment monitoring parameter according to concrete circulation in addition
Illustrate: electrode needed to clean once in per 4～5 months.
Characteristics: 1. many kinds of parameters: pH, electrical conductivity, hardness, Cl-Concentration, corrosion resistance etc. can gather simultaneously censorship analysis simultaneously, are convenient in time understand all sidedly water quality corrosion and scaling tendency;
2. the independent dismounting and change of each electrode of electrode interior when needing is to adapt to different field conditions; Can continue after the suitable cleaning treatment to use;
3. corrosion resistance is strong, and the intensity precision all can satisfy the requirement of industrial on-line measurement;
4. has temperature compensation function, in being applicable to, normal temperature measures.
Claims (7)
1. circulating cooling water quality online monitoring system, it is characterized in that this system is a core with the PLC Programmable Logic Controller, other establishes nine unit, i.e. pH on-line monitoring unit, conductivity on-line monitoring unit, flow velocity on-line monitoring unit, hardness on-line monitoring unit, corrosion resistance on-line monitoring unit, chlorine ion concentration on-line monitoring unit, ratio dosing Automatic Control Unit, moisturizing Automatic Control Unit, automatic pollution discharge control module.
2. cooling water quality online monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that pH on-line monitoring unit: adopt in the design to add acid automatically and manually add sour dual mode, add sour device can be set the pH value on control center's terminal maximal value pH automatically
MaxWith minimum value pH
Min, when the pH probe is reflected to pH greater than pH
MaxThe time, circulation is easy to fouling, and the pH controller sends unblanking and adds sour pump; As the not enough pH of pH
MinThe time, circulation is easy to corrosion, and the pH controller sends signal at stop and adds sour pump and stop to add acid.
3. cooling water quality online monitoring system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that the automatic pollution discharge control module: control by conductivity, the upper limit of conductivity is set in control center's terminal, when the value that records exceeds in limited time, the PLC output alarm signal, and in control center's terminal demonstration, according to monitoring Cl
-To measure concentration rate be 3 o'clock etc. project, and pairing conductivity is the control conductivity, and the control conductivity adds that 10% of original conductivity is the control bound of conductivity.
4. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 described cooling water quality online monitoring systems, it is characterized in that ratio dosing Automatic Control Unit adopts volume pump automatic tonic in the recirculated water, after configuring the principal ingredient and concentration of current various medicaments, the data that monitoring software returns according to each probe are calculated automatically and are added dose.
5. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described cooling water quality online monitoring systems, it is characterized in that the moisturizing automatic control unit: system is according to the indicated numerical value of water cooling pond liquid level gauge, control has the stop and start of the malleation water meter of control head, thereby realizes automatic water supplement; Flow velocity on-line monitoring unit: the flow velocity detection instrument is housed on heat interchanger, prescribes a time limit when flow velocity is lower than down, PLC meeting output alarm signal, and in control center's terminal demonstration; Cl
-Concentration on-line monitoring unit: Cl respectively is housed on heat interchanger
-Concentration monitor is as heat interchanger Cl
-Concentration is higher than the output alarm signal of PLC meeting in limited time, and shows in control center's terminal.
6. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described cooling water quality online monitoring systems, it is characterized in that field control adds sour pump, dosing pump switch continuous dosing by pH value, corrosion resistance value association index control indexes medicine system; By the switch of conductivity in conjunction with the electromagnetism-gas-driving valve of concentration rate and index control indexes automatic blowdown system; By the switch of the electromagnetism-gas-driving valve of liquid level gauge control automatic water supplement system, automatic water supplement system and automatic blowdown system are continuous operation.
7. the direct insertion monitoring water quality on line combination electrode of a multiparameter equipment that is used for the circulating cooling water quality online monitoring system is characterized in that this equipment is by (1), poly-tetrafluoro sheath (2), electrode measurement part--ceramic heart (3), stainless steel sleeve pipe (4), data transmission interface (5) are installed draw-in groove and formed.
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