CN1457633A - Micro cuttage transplanting method for teakwood tissue cultivating seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for micro-cuttage transplantation of teak tissue cultured seedlings, which is characterized in that tissue culture and cutting propagation are organically combined, and special treatment is performed on the tissue cultured seedlings to realize the cutting transplantation of the multiplied seedlings. The specific steps are as follows: 1. Seedlings: Proliferated seedlings are moved to the solar glass greenhouse when the height of the seedlings reaches 3cm indoors, and the seedlings are trained; 2. Pre-treatment: Take out the seedlings that have been trained from the culture bottle, wash the medium, and cut off the base of the seedlings. The head of the callus; 3. Micro-cutting: learn from the cutting technology, dip the pre-treated seedlings with special rooting powder on the base, and then transplant them directly into the seedling bag; manage. The present invention realizes the leap from research to production. With the application of the present invention, any tissue culture factory can transplant teak tissue culture seedlings into qualified afforestation bag seedlings, and the production nursery field can also successfully transplant the seedlings that have completed seedling training. Reach more than 95%, save cost 0.1 yuan/plant.

Description

Teak Tissue Culture Seedling Micro-cutting Transplantation Method

Technical field

The invention relates to a method for micro-cutting transplantation of teak tissue culture seedlings, and belongs to the technical field of cultivation and transplantation of tropical forest trees, especially teak.

Background technique

Teak (Tectona grandis L.F.) is native to India, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and other countries. Teak wood has excellent wood properties and is one of the most famous and precious materials in the world. my country began to introduce teak in the 1960s, and has planted more than 3,000 hectares in Yunnan, Hainan, Guangxi and other places so far. However, due to its late maturity (more than 20 years) and late flowering and fruiting (more than 10 years), production and development are limited. Impact. The Tropical Forestry Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Forestry has selected a large number of fast-growing and resistant excellent provenances and clones through more than 30 years of introduction and breeding, and began to study tissue culture and rapid propagation technology in the 1980s. In recent years, with the development of the economy, far-sighted forestry production and management units have been optimistic about teak, a precious broad-leaved tree species, and have taken the creation of high-quality teak clonal forests as the investment direction of COSCO. The demand for excellent seedlings is increasing day by day. It is of great economic and practical significance to carry out large-scale tissue culture rapid propagation and transplantation technology research on excellent teak clones, especially to improve the tissue culture rapid propagation process, reduce production costs, improve transplant survival rate, enhance the market competitiveness of seedlings, and make excellent It is very necessary to quickly put the strain into production and create direct economic benefits for the society.

Since the 1980s, the rapid propagation technology of teak has been limited to conventional tissue culture and cutting propagation. Tissue culture is from explant disinfection→proliferation culture→rooting culture→nursery transplantation. Cuttage propagation is completed by mixing twigs and appropriate rooting agents for 1-12 months. . Utilize above-mentioned method to carry out rapid propagation to teak and have following defect:

1. Teak tissue culture seedlings are sensitive to medium nutrition and growth regulators. When rooting culture, reducing nutrient elements and increasing auxin will make the seedlings grow poorly, and the leaves will turn yellow, fall off or become smaller, and the poorly growing seedlings will directly affect The survival rate of transplantation, however, does not reduce nutrient elements and increase auxin, and seedlings will be difficult to take root. This has always been a set of contradictions that interfere with teak tissue culture, and is also a restrictive factor for the large-scale production of teak tissue culture seedlings to the market.

2. The propagation coefficient of teak cuttings is low. First, there are few sprouts, slow growth, and low multiplication rate. Secondly, it is difficult for cuttings to take root. Especially with the increase of seedling age from 1 to 12 months, the survival rate of cuttings decreases linearly. After 12 months, it is difficult to survive. At present, except for a small amount of research in China, there is no productive cutting propagation of teak seedlings.

technical content

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a method aimed at solving the problems of difficult rooting in tissue culture, low transplant survival rate and low cutting propagation coefficient, and to provide a method for micro-cutting transplantation of teak tissue culture seedlings, which organically combines tissue culture and cutting propagation Get up, improve the survival rate, expand the reproduction rate, and realize the purpose of large-scale production.

The technical problem of the present invention can be achieved by taking the following measures: teak tissue culture seedling micro-cutting transplantation method, which is characterized in that: tissue culture and cutting propagation are organically combined, and the tissue culture multiplication seedlings are specially treated to realize the multiplication seedling cutting type Transplant, the specific steps are as follows:

1) training seedlings: the multiplication seedlings are moved to the solar glass greenhouse when the indoor cultivation seedling height reaches 3cm, and the seedling training is carried out. The temperature in the greenhouse is controlled at 25-35°C, the light intensity is 4000-10000lx, and the seedling training time is 15-30 days;

2) pre-treatment: take out the seedlings that have completed training seedlings from the culture bottle, wash the culture medium, cut off the heads with calluses at the base of the seedlings, and classify the seedlings;

3) Micro-cutting: learn from the cutting technology, dip the pre-treated seedlings with special rooting powder at the base of 0.8-1.2cm, and then directly transplant them into the seedling bags, and transplant the graded seedlings in partitions;

4) Post-planting management: all-weather management of transplanted seedlings, mainly including quantitative management of light, temperature and water in the seedbed,

①Illumination control: the seedbed light exceeds 4000lx, covers 1 layer of 90% shade net, exceeds 10000lx, covers 2 layers of 90% shade net, exceeds 15000lx, covers 3 layers of 90% shade net, at noon when the sun is particularly strong, Need to cover 4-5 layers of shade net;

②Temperature control: When the temperature of the seedbed is lower than 25°C, cover it with a film, when it reaches 30°C, ventilate and cool down, if it exceeds 35°C, spray water to cool down;

②Moisture management: control the relative humidity to 95%.

Technical problem of the present invention can also be achieved by taking the following measures:

Teak tissue culture seedling micro-cutting transplantation method as previously described is characterized in that:

1) training seedlings: the indoor cultivation and multiplication seedlings are moved to the solar glass greenhouse, and the seedling training is carried out. After training the seedlings, the growth characteristics of the seedlings are: the seedling leaves are dark green, the leaves are wide, and the stems are dark green. lignification;

2) Pre-treatment: Take out the seedlings that have completed training seedlings from the culture bottle, wash the medium, cut off the heads with calluses at the base of the seedlings, and classify the seedlings. The seedlings are higher than 4.5cm for excellent grades, 3.5~ 4.5cm is a qualified seedling, less than 3.5cm is an unqualified seedling, and the unqualified seedlings can be controlled below 3% through the inoculation density. Generally, 7 plants are inoculated in a 200ml culture bottle for the appropriate inoculation density;

As aforementioned special rooting powder, the characteristics of its active ingredient and preparation method are:

1) The active ingredients of rooting powder are indolebutyric acid IBA, indole acetic acid IAA, alpha naphthalene acetic acid NAA, and the ratio of each component is IBA:IAA:NAA=1:1:0.5;

2) The specific configuration is 10kg of medical talcum powder mixed with 1g each of IBA and IAA, and 0.5g of NAA. First, dissolve IBA, IAA and NAA with 20ml of medical alcohol, then dilute to 100ml with water, and make a solution with a concentration of 200-300PPm , and finally mix evenly with talcum powder.

It is best to pass through a 0.5mm sieve 2 to 3 times. The special rooting powder can be prepared and used immediately, or it can be stored in a fresh-keeping box and stored in a 3-5°C refrigerator for 2-3 months.

The present invention has the following outstanding effects:

1, the fundamental difference between the present invention and the prior art is that seedling training of the present invention and pre-treatment technology are essentially different from the prior art, there is no special seedling training program in the prior art, dare not cut off more The head of wounded tissue, the present invention is owing to cut off the head of callus, therefore, the growing way of head 10 days after not transplanting can be better, and still keep good growing way after 10 days.

2. Realize the leap from research to production. Teak tissue culture seedling annual multiplication multiple is 6.7 * 107, apply the present invention, any tissue culture factory can transplant teak tissue culture seedling into qualified afforestation bag seedling, and the production nursery field also can successfully transplant the nursery stock that finishes hardening, Make scientific research achievements that have stayed in research units for decades go to production. The transplant survival rate is above 95%.

3. Realize the organic combination of tissue culture and cutting propagation, implement each step of the present invention, and correspondingly reduce production costs.

① Save the rooting cultivation process and directly save the cost of 0.1 yuan/plant.

②The training time for seedlings is 15-30 days, and the survival rate of transplantation increases from 66% to 89.3%. Calculated according to the production cost of 1.5 yuan/plant, the cost can be saved by 24.1%.

③Using special rooting powder, the survival rate increased by 12.5% compared with the control, and the cost can be saved by 18.7%.

④ Implement all-weather management to expand the best transplanting season for teak tissue culture seedlings from April to May to March to September, reduce the pressure of indoor production in tissue culture plants, and increase the annual utilization rate of tissue culture equipment.

⑤Break the restrictions on nursery stock areas and reduce transportation costs. The hardened seedlings are separated from the medium and stored in ordinary fresh-keeping boxes for 2-3 days. The quality of the seedlings will not decrease and the survival rate of transplantation will not be affected. Therefore, the seedlings can be flexibly and economically arrived at the place where the seedlings are used by freight, air, etc., avoiding bagged seedlings. The problem of high transportation costs and difficulty in long-distance transportation.

preferred embodiment

Embodiment 1: the applicant adopts the present invention to produce 100,000 strains of teak tissue culture bag seedlings, with 100 bottles (7 strains/bottle) multiplication seedlings as base, by going out bottle qualified seedling 97%, nursery transplant survival rate 95% calculates, only The task of raising seedlings was completed in June. Specific steps are as follows:

1) training seedlings: the multiplication seedlings are moved to the solar glass greenhouse when the height of the indoor cultivation reaches 3cm, and the seedling training is carried out. The temperature of the greenhouse is controlled at 30°C, and the light intensity is 7500lx. After 23 days of training, the seedlings are trained; The morphological characteristics of the seedlings are: the leaves of the seedlings are dark green, the leaves are wide, the stems of the seedlings are dark green, and they are initially lignified;

2) Pre-treatment: Take out the seedlings that have completed the training of seedlings from the culture bottle, wash the medium, cut off the heads with callus at the base of the seedlings, and classify the seedlings; those higher than 4.5cm are high-grade seedlings, 3.5~ 4.5cm is a qualified seedling, less than 3.5cm is an unqualified seedling, and the unqualified seedlings can be controlled below 3% through the inoculation density. Generally, 7 plants are inoculated in a 200ml culture bottle for the appropriate inoculation density;

3) Micro-cutting: learn from the cutting technology, dip the pre-treated seedlings with special rooting powder on the base of 1.0cm, and then directly transplant them into the seedling bags. Partition migration;

4) Post-planting management: all-weather management of transplanted seedlings, mainly including quantitative management of light, temperature and water in the seedbed,

①Illumination control: the seedbed light exceeds 4000lx, covers 1 layer of 90% shade net, exceeds 10000lx, covers 2 layers of 90% shade net, exceeds 15000lx, covers 3 layers of 90% shade net, at noon when the sun is particularly strong, 4-5 layers of shade nets need to be covered;

②Temperature control: When the temperature of the seedbed is lower than 25°C, cover it with a film, when it reaches 30°C, ventilate and cool down, if it exceeds 35°C, spray water to cool down;

③Moisture management: control the relative humidity to 95%.

Embodiment 2: concrete steps are as follows:

1) training seedlings: the multiplication seedlings are moved to the solar glass greenhouse when the height of the indoor cultivation reaches 3cm, and the seedling training is carried out. The temperature of the greenhouse is controlled at 25° C., and the light intensity is 10000 lx. After training the seedlings for 25 days; after training the seedlings The morphological characteristics of the growth are: the leaves of the seedlings are dark green, the leaves are wide, the stems of the seedlings are dark green, and they are initially lignified;

2) step to 4) step with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3: concrete steps are as follows:

1) training seedlings: the proliferating seedlings are moved to the sunlight glass greenhouse when the seedling height reaches 3cm indoors, and the seedling training is carried out. The temperature of the greenhouse is controlled at 35° C., and the light intensity is 4000 lx. After training the seedlings for 35 days; after training the seedlings The morphological characteristics of the seedlings are: the leaves of the seedlings are dark green, the leaves are wide, the stems of the seedlings are dark green, and they are initially lignified;

2) step to 4) step with embodiment 1.

The active ingredients of the patent rooting powder used in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention are indolebutyric acid IBA, indole acetic acid IAA, and alpha naphthalene acetic acid NAA, and the concentration is 200～300PPm; Put it in a fresh-keeping box and put it in a refrigerator at 3-5°C for 2-3 months.

In practical application, because the general teak seedlings are too tender, they are easy to die after being transplanted by ordinary methods. In the whole transplanting process of teak, pre-treatment is the key link. The general practice is not to cut off the head of the callus. If it is not cut off, the growth of the transplanted head will be better in 10 days, but it will die after 10 days. With the present invention, the post-transplant management link is also very important.

The applicant can directly save 42.8% of the cost and 0.64 yuan/plant when adopting the method of the present invention for actual planting.

In 2002, Yunnan reserved 120,000 teak tissue culture seedlings. Under the technical guidance of the present invention, the applicant purchased the seedlings that had been hardened, and transported them by air to the production nursery in Yunnan. The transplant survival rate reached 90%. The cost of 120,000 seedlings is: purchase of seedlings: 0.5 yuan/plant, a total of 60,000 yuan, air freight 500 yuan/time, 3 times, a total of 1,500 yuan, nursery management investment: 0.2 yuan/plant, a total of 24,000 yuan, a total of The cost is 85,500 yuan. At present, the market price of teak tissue culture bag seedlings in Guangzhou is 2.3 yuan per plant, the cost of purchasing 120,000 seedlings is 276,000 yuan, and the Guangzhou-Yunnan long-distance transportation fee is 15,000 yuan, totaling 291,000 yuan. The cost can be saved by 205,500 yuan.

Claims (3)

1. The micro-cutting transplanting method of teak tissue culture seedlings is characterized in that: tissue culture and cutting propagation are organically combined, special treatment is carried out to the tissue culture multiplication seedlings, and the cutting type transplantation of multiplication seedlings is realized. The specific steps are as follows: 1), training seedlings: the multiplication seedlings are moved to the solar glass greenhouse when the seedling height reaches 3cm indoors, and the seedling training is carried out. The temperature in the greenhouse is controlled at 25-35° C., and the light intensity is 4000-10000 lx. After 15-30 days training seedlings; 2), pre-treatment: take out the seedlings that have completed training seedlings from the culture bottle, wash the culture medium, cut off the heads with calluses at the base of the seedlings, and classify the seedlings; 3) Micro-cutting: learn from the cutting technology, dip the pre-treated seedlings with special rooting powder at the base of 0.8-1.2cm, and then directly transplant them into the seedling bags, and transplant the graded seedlings in partitions; 4), post-planting management: all-weather management of transplanted seedlings, mainly including quantitative management of light, temperature and water in the seedbed, ①Illumination control: the seedbed light exceeds 4000lx, covers 1 layer of 90% shade net, exceeds 10000lx, covers 2 layers of 90% shade net, exceeds 15000lx, covers 3 layers of 90% shade net, at noon when the sun is particularly strong, 4-5 layers of shade nets need to be covered; ②Temperature control: When the temperature of the seedbed is lower than 25°C, cover it with a film, when it reaches 30°C, ventilate and cool down, if it exceeds 35°C, spray water to cool down; ③Moisture management: control the relative humidity to 95%. 2. The micro-cutting transplantation method of teak tissue culture seedlings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: 1) Seedling training: move the multiplication seedlings cultivated indoors to the solar glass greenhouse, and practice seedling training. The morphological characteristics of the seedlings after the seedling training are: the seedling leaves are dark green, the blades are wide, the stems are dark green, and the wood is initially woody. change; 2) Pre-treatment: Take out the seedlings that have completed training seedlings from the culture bottle, wash the medium, cut off the heads with calluses at the base of the seedlings, and classify the seedlings. The seedlings are higher than 4.5cm for excellent grades, 3.5~ 4.5cm is a qualified seedling, less than 3.5cm is an unqualified seedling, and the unqualified seedlings can be controlled below 3% through the inoculation density. Generally, 7 plants are inoculated in a 200ml culture bottle for the appropriate inoculation density; 3. The special rooting powder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, its active ingredients and preparation method are characterized by: 1) The active ingredients of rooting powder are indolebutyric acid IBA, indole acetic acid IAA, alpha naphthalene acetic acid NAA, and the ratio of each component is IBA:IAA:NAA=1:1:0.5; 2) The specific configuration is 10 kg of medical talcum powder mixed with 1 g of IBA, IAA, and 0.5 g of NAA. First, dissolve IBA, IAA, and NAA with 20 ml of medical alcohol, and then dilute to 100 ml with water to prepare a solution with a concentration of 200-300 ppm. , and finally mix evenly with talcum powder.