CN1424425A - Composite heat treatment - Google Patents
Composite heat treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN1424425A CN1424425A CN 02157722 CN02157722A CN1424425A CN 1424425 A CN1424425 A CN 1424425A CN 02157722 CN02157722 CN 02157722 CN 02157722 A CN02157722 A CN 02157722A CN 1424425 A CN1424425 A CN 1424425A
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- austenitic
- temperature
- nitriding
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- carbonitriding
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Abstract
A duplex heat treating process for workpiece includes such steps as heating to austenite state, penetrating C or C and N to obtain a prepenetrated layer, lowering temp to 620-720 deg.c, penetrating N or N and C, direct quenching, and having time effect at 200-300 deg.c or isothermal quenching at 200-300 deg.c. Its advantages are high hardness (greater than 900 HV) and lower deformation.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of heat treating method, and particularly a kind of composite heat treating method that improves austenitic nitriding/carbonitriding layer depth and reduce distortion belongs to the heat treatment technics field.
Background technology
Carburizing or carbonitriding is that steel infiltration by carbon or carbon and nitrogen under austenitic state makes piece surface change the process for modifying surface of chemical ingredients and microstructure, has high hardness and wear resistance, and hardness is up to 56～62HRC, is equivalent to 600～750HV.Heart portion obtains tissues such as low martensitic (or bainite, sorbite), has certain toughness, so obtained widespread use.But the raising of piece surface hardness and wear resistance is restricted, (carbonitriding is 840～880 ℃ owing to these processing in addition, carburizing is 860～930 ℃, and quenching temperature is 840～860 ℃ after the carburizing) the higher meeting of temperature makes part that bigger distortion take place, and the following process amount is bigger.For improving effective case depth, people constantly explore new processing method, find by literature search, Huang Jianhong etc. are in " metal heat treatmet " (third phase P33～38 in 1998), be entitled as in the review article of " martensite containing nitrogen and application thereof---technology and discussion " and mention multiple compounding method, wherein nitriding and carburizing Combined Processing, 10 steel through carbonitriding are compared with 580 ℃ of carbonitriding+800 ℃ shrends, effectively hardened-depth is brought up to 0.21mm from 0.09mm, and total case depth is brought up to 0.40mm from 0.23mm.This method is low-temperature nitrocarburizing+800 ℃ shrends, and there is the soft tectorium on the surface, and these are only handled and may use on slim stamping parts such as instrument part.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art and defective, a kind of composite heat treating method is provided, makes it can improve austenitic nitriding/carbonitriding layer depth and minimizing distortion, organically combine and give full play to the advantage of each technology, overcome separately shortcoming and reach and bring out one's strengths to make up for one's weaknesses, thereby obtain excellent performance.The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention carries out compounding method by thermo-chemical treatment (as carburizing or carbonitriding) and austenitic nitriding or austenitic nitro-carburizing technology are combined, earlier workpiece is heated to austenitic state and carries out carburizing or carbonitriding, obtain predetermined infiltration layer, in with stove, temperature is reduced to 620～720 ℃ of austenitic nitriding temperature then and carries out nitriding or carbonitriding processing, make the austenitic nitrogen concentration of workpiece surface layer bring up to the level of austenitic nitriding layer, carry out direct quenching and the timeliness in 200～300 ℃ of scopes again or directly carry out 200～300 ℃ of isothermal quenching in the temperature range, high-nitrogen austenitic is decomposed, obtain high surface hardness and wear resistance.
Below inventive method is further described, specific as follows:
(1) carburizing under 860～930 ℃ of temperature after the workpiece shove charge, the control carbon potential, after reaching predetermined depth of penetration, be cooled to 620～720 ℃ of scopes with stove and carry out austenitic nitriding, source of the gas is ammonia or ammonia+decomposed ammonia, and control ammonia dissociation rate, composition of fumes and temperature make the workpiece surface nitrogen concentration reach the austenite saturation concentration, oil or the water-soluble medium quenched of coming out of the stove then, and carry out again in 200～300 ℃ of temperature ranges ageing treatment or directly in this scope isothermal quenching.
(2) workpiece carries out carbonitriding under 840～880 ℃ of temperature, after the degree of depth reaches pre-provisioning request, be cooled in 620～720 ℃ of scopes and carry out austenitic nitriding with stove, feed ammonia or decomposed ammonia body, the control ammonia dissociation rate obtains the high-nitrogen austenitic layer that the highest nitrogen concentration reaches capacity, and carries out in 200～300 ℃ a certain temperature timeliness or direct means of isothermal quenching under 200～300 ℃ of temperature in quench immediately oil or the water-soluble medium again.
To carbon in some or medium carbon low alloy steel workpiece, as: workpiece such as 45 steel, 40Cr steel machine tool gears, 830～850 ℃ austenitizing in advance, and cool in 600～650 ℃ of temperature ranges a certain temperature behind the insulation certain hour with the furnace and carry out austenitic nitriding, use ammonia or ammonia+ammonia dissolving atmosphere, the ratio of control rate of decomposition and feeding gas, obtain the high-nitrogen austenitic layer that the highest nitrogen concentration reaches capacity, behind quench oil or the water-soluble medium in 200～300 ℃ of interval ageing treatment or direct isothermal processes between 200～300 ℃.Make upper layer obtain excellent properties, heart portion is the sorbite tissue, can replace normalizing or modified after carry out induction hardened technology, the wear resistance of part has bigger raising.
(4) the present invention adopts the belt conveyor furnace of branch section adjusting atmosphere and temperature to carry out, front section is carried out carburizing or carbonitriding, back section carries out austenitic nitriding, and fall into oil-quenching tank or water-soluble quenching tank in the stove jet-burner of quenching, take out then and carry out ageing treatment or directly make means of isothermal quenching, centering carbon or medium carbon low alloy steel workpiece then carry out 830～850 ℃ austenitizing in front section, back section carries out austenitic nitriding and quenches and ageing treatment or isothermal quenching.
(5) the present invention also can adopt the cycle stove to carry out, and its process is to implement carburizing or carbonitriding earlier, reduces to 620～720 ℃ then and implements austenitic nitriding, and quench and timeliness or isothermal quenching.
To between front section and the back section or the back section be cooled in 620～720 ℃ of scopes and carry out austenitic nitriding, or replace with the austenitic nitro-carburizing technology generations of 620～720 ℃ of scopes.
The present invention has substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement, the present invention make handle workpiece have concurrently the high rigidity that the austenitic nitriding quench aging handles (＞900HV), have the remarkable superiority of quenching temperature (620～720 ℃) again, can significantly improve the effective case depth of austenitic nitriding simultaneously than low energy minimizing workpiece deformation.
Embodiment
Further provide following examples in conjunction with content of the present invention:
Embodiment 1: weaving parts syringe, cylindrical φ 150mm, interior round φ 120mm, high 250mm, in upper outer circumference along 360 ° of wide 1.5mm of circumferential direction uniform distribution, dark 10mm, the knitting needle groove of long 110mm, material 20 steel, surface hardness＞750HV, it is 0.2～0.3mm that depth of penetration requires.
Part is handled on the sealing pit furnace, fs is carbonitriding, penetration enhancer can be selected methyl alcohol, acetone and ammonia for use, 840 ℃ of temperature, begin to be cooled to 620 ℃ after 1 hour, carried out austenitic nitriding 3 hours, control ammonia dissociation rate 75%, obtain the austenite layer of high nitrogen content, stopped 3 hours in the 250 ℃ of isothermal quenching grooves of quenching then.Workpiece surface hardness reaches 950HV, and depth of penetration requires to be 0.3mm that workpiece deformation satisfies technical requirements, significantly improves work-ing life, can bring up to more than 3 years by 1 year.
Embodiment 2: nail nipper, and material 45 steel, more than the surface hardness requirement＞850HV, it is 0.1～0.2mm that depth of penetration requires.Once used carburizing and quenching, methods such as quenching and hard surfacing are handled after the carbonitriding, all do not reach the surface hardness requirement, and because some parts both sides shape is asymmetric, and it is overproof to deform in quench cooled, there is big difficulty in correction.
Part is handled in the meshbeltfurnace that can carry out the control of segmentation atmosphere: the stokehold section is carried out carbonitriding at 800～820 ℃, optional methyl alcohol of penetration enhancer and ammonia, 30 minutes time, be cooled to 640 ℃ at the stove back segment and feed ammonias and carry out austenitic nitriding and quench after 30 minutes, take out workpiece then 225 ℃ of ageing treatment 3 hours into quenching tank (oil or water).Workpiece surface hardness＞850HV, depth of penetration are 0.15mm, and distortion obviously reduces, and meets technical requirements, the existing procucts outlet.
Embodiment 3: the sewing machine bent axle, and material 20Cr, requiring depth of penetration is 0.4～0.5mm, surface hardness is higher than 850HV, once uses the carburizing treatment workpiece deformation overproof.With ferrite carbonitriding then depth of penetration do not reach requirement.
Processing is carried out in sealed-box type furnace, carry out carburizing at 900 ℃ early stage, control carbon potential 0.85～0.90%, time 2h, penetration enhancer adopts methyl alcohol+acetone, the infiltration layer inspection is cooled to 720 ℃ of feeding ammonia after reaching requirement, ammonia dissociation rate control 85～90%, makes workpiece obtain the high-nitrogen austenitic layer of 0.5mm after treatment at 3 hours time, quench subsequently in (oil or water), and 250 ℃ of timeliness 3 hours.Handle back workpiece surface hardness and reach 900HVHV.
Embodiment 4: the CONTROL OF THE PRECISION MACHINE TOOL DRIVE gear, and material 45 steel, but require transmission accuracy high and the life-span is long.Processing is handled on the meshbeltfurnace that can carry out segmentation control furnace temperature and atmosphere control; front section is carried out 840 ℃ austenitizing; adopt the effect of dissociated methanol gas protective atmosphere, back section is cooled to 650 ℃ and carries out austenitic nitriding, 3 hours time; after finishing, processing quenches oil also immediately 200 ℃ of ageing treatment of carrying out 5h; workpiece surface hardness＞900HV, it is little that the degree of depth reaches the 0.3mm gear shifting quadrant texturing, can assemble after grinding slightly; such gear wear resistance is good, still can keep high precision through life-time service.
Embodiment 5: the industrial sewing machine spiral bevel gear requires excellent abrasive resistance, and easy to wear after handling with general carbonitriding, the life-span is low, and because of quenching strain is big, noise reaches more than 85 decibels when consequently moving.
Handle with pit furnace, use methyl alcohol+acetone+ammonia for 780 ℃ and carry out carbonitriding, when layer depth 0.25mm, be cooled to 660 ℃ and carry out austenitic nitro-carburizing with the logical ammonia of methyl alcohol, the back of coming out of the stove was in 300 ℃ of isothermal quenching 3 hours.Workpiece surface hardness＞900HV improves 2 times work-ing life, and noise is reduced to 70 decibels.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of composite heat treating method, it is characterized in that: carry out compounding method by thermo-chemical treatment and austenitic nitriding or austenitic nitro-carburizing technology are combined, earlier workpiece is heated to austenitic state and carries out carburizing or carbonitriding, obtain predetermined infiltration layer, in with stove, temperature is reduced to 620～720 ℃ of austenitic nitriding temperature then and carries out nitriding or carbonitriding processing, make the austenitic nitrogen concentration of workpiece surface layer bring up to the level of austenitic nitriding layer, carry out direct quenching and the timeliness in 200～300 ℃ of scopes again or directly carry out 200～300 ℃ of isothermal quenching in the temperature range.
2, this composite heat treating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that workpiece is heated to that austenitic state carries out carburizing and temperature is reduced to that the austenitic nitriding temperature is carried out nitriding or carbonitriding bonded compounding method is specific as follows in stove:
Carburizing under 860～930 ℃ of temperature after the workpiece shove charge, the control carbon potential, after reaching predetermined depth of penetration, be cooled to 620～720 ℃ of scopes with stove and carry out austenitic nitriding, source of the gas is ammonia or ammonia+decomposed ammonia, and control ammonia dissociation rate, composition of fumes and temperature make the workpiece surface nitrogen concentration reach the austenite saturation concentration, oil or the water-soluble medium quenched of coming out of the stove then, and carry out again in 200～300 ℃ of temperature ranges ageing treatment or directly in this scope isothermal quenching.
3, this composite heat treating method according to claim 1 is characterized in that workpiece is heated to that austenitic state carries out carbonitriding and temperature is reduced to that the austenitic nitriding temperature is carried out nitriding or carbonitriding bonded compounding method is specific as follows in stove:
Workpiece carries out carbonitriding under 840～880 ℃ of temperature, after the degree of depth reaches pre-provisioning request, be cooled in 620～720 ℃ of scopes and carry out austenitic nitriding with stove, feed ammonia or decomposed ammonia body, the control ammonia dissociation rate obtains the high-nitrogen austenitic layer that the highest nitrogen concentration reaches capacity, and carries out in 200～300 ℃ a certain temperature timeliness or direct means of isothermal quenching under 200～300 ℃ of temperature in quench immediately oil or the water-soluble medium again.
4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described this composite heat treating methods, it is characterized in that the belt conveyor furnace that adopts the branch section to regulate atmosphere and temperature carries out, front section is carried out carburizing or carbonitriding, back section carries out austenitic nitriding, and fall into oil-quenching tank or water-soluble quenching tank in the stove jet-burner of quenching, take out then and carry out ageing treatment or directly make means of isothermal quenching, centering carbon or medium carbon low alloy steel workpiece then carry out 830～850 ℃ austenitizing in front section, back section carries out austenitic nitriding and quenches and ageing treatment or isothermal quenching.
5, this composite heat treating method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that between front section and the back section or the back section be cooled in 620～720 ℃ of scopes and carry out austenitic nitriding, or replace with the austenitic nitro-carburizing technology generations of 620～720 ℃ of scopes.
6, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described this composite heat treating methods, it is characterized in that adopting the cycle stove to carry out, its process is to implement carburizing or carbonitriding earlier, reduces to 620～720 ℃ then and implements austenitic nitriding, and quench and timeliness or isothermal quenching.
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| CNB021577226A CN1195094C (en) | 2002-12-25 | 2002-12-25 | Composite heat treatment |
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| CNB021577226A CN1195094C (en) | 2002-12-25 | 2002-12-25 | Composite heat treatment |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102021588A (en) * | 2010-12-04 | 2011-04-20 | 江苏飞船股份有限公司 | 20Cr2Ni4A steel carburizing and nitrocarburizing multiplex heat treatment process |
| CN104651858A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-05-27 | 湖南大学 | Composite heat treatment process for improving surface compactness of nitro-carburizing strengthened layer |
| CN104781427A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2015-07-15 | Skf公司 | Method for heat treating a steel component and a steel component |
| CN105349940A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-24 | 陕西东铭车辆系统股份有限公司 | Carburizing and carbonitriding combined heat treatment method for hot forging marking die steel |
| CN105401119A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-03-16 | 安徽省三方新材料科技有限公司 | Nitro-carburizing process for hard rock crushing lining plate |
| CN105483605A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-13 | 常州大学 | Ion nitrocarburizing and ion nitriding composite surface modification treatment method |
| CN106460080A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2017-02-22 | 阿文美驰技术有限责任公司 | Ferrous alloy |
| CN107245691A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-10-13 | 江苏大学 | Metal material Compound Heat Treatment surface reinforcing method |
| CN107254658A (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2017-10-17 | Ntn株式会社 | Parts of bearings and rolling bearing |
| CN108220541A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-06-29 | 杭州自强链传动有限公司 | A kind of heat treatment method of medium carbon alloy steel chain hinge pin |
| CN108474448A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-08-31 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | For the lateral direction element of transmission belt, transmission belt and method for manufacturing this lateral direction element |
| CN108588633A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-28 | 江苏万力机械股份有限公司 | A kind of medium temperature gas nitrocarburizing quenching technical |
| CN109881144A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-06-14 | 安徽省鑫矿液压机械有限责任公司 | A kind of surface nitrocarburizing heat treatment process of coal mine machinery bearing steel material |
| WO2019223491A1 (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-28 | 江苏万力机械股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high-strength crankshaft |
| CN110714181A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-01-21 | 中国航发中传机械有限公司 | Heat treatment method of lubricating oil pump gear |
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2002
- 2002-12-25 CN CNB021577226A patent/CN1195094C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102021588A (en) * | 2010-12-04 | 2011-04-20 | 江苏飞船股份有限公司 | 20Cr2Ni4A steel carburizing and nitrocarburizing multiplex heat treatment process |
| CN104781427A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2015-07-15 | Skf公司 | Method for heat treating a steel component and a steel component |
| CN110241378A (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2019-09-17 | Skf公司 | The method and steel member of heat- treated steel component |
| CN107254658A (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2017-10-17 | Ntn株式会社 | Parts of bearings and rolling bearing |
| CN107254658B (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2019-11-01 | Ntn株式会社 | Parts of bearings and rolling bearing |
| US10344801B2 (en) | 2013-02-13 | 2019-07-09 | Ntn Corporation | Bearing part and rolling bearing |
| CN106460080B (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2019-10-08 | 阿文美驰技术有限责任公司 | Ferrous alloy |
| US10351944B2 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2019-07-16 | Arvinmeritor Technology, Llc | Ferrous alloy |
| CN106460080A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2017-02-22 | 阿文美驰技术有限责任公司 | Ferrous alloy |
| CN104651858B (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2017-01-11 | 湖南大学 | Composite heat treatment process for improving surface compactness of nitro-carburizing strengthened layer |
| CN104651858A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-05-27 | 湖南大学 | Composite heat treatment process for improving surface compactness of nitro-carburizing strengthened layer |
| CN105401119A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-03-16 | 安徽省三方新材料科技有限公司 | Nitro-carburizing process for hard rock crushing lining plate |
| CN105349940B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2018-01-26 | 陕西东铭车辆系统股份有限公司 | Hot forging identifies the carburizing carbo-nitriding composite heat treating method of mould steel |
| CN105349940A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-24 | 陕西东铭车辆系统股份有限公司 | Carburizing and carbonitriding combined heat treatment method for hot forging marking die steel |
| CN105483605A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-04-13 | 常州大学 | Ion nitrocarburizing and ion nitriding composite surface modification treatment method |
| CN108474448A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-08-31 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | For the lateral direction element of transmission belt, transmission belt and method for manufacturing this lateral direction element |
| CN107245691A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-10-13 | 江苏大学 | Metal material Compound Heat Treatment surface reinforcing method |
| CN108220541A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-06-29 | 杭州自强链传动有限公司 | A kind of heat treatment method of medium carbon alloy steel chain hinge pin |
| CN108588633A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-09-28 | 江苏万力机械股份有限公司 | A kind of medium temperature gas nitrocarburizing quenching technical |
| WO2019223078A1 (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-28 | 江苏万力机械股份有限公司 | Medium-temperature gas nitrocarburizing quenching process |
| WO2019223491A1 (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-11-28 | 江苏万力机械股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high-strength crankshaft |
| CN109881144A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-06-14 | 安徽省鑫矿液压机械有限责任公司 | A kind of surface nitrocarburizing heat treatment process of coal mine machinery bearing steel material |
| CN110714181A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-01-21 | 中国航发中传机械有限公司 | Heat treatment method of lubricating oil pump gear |
| CN110714181B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2022-06-14 | 中国航发中传机械有限公司 | Heat treatment method of lubricating oil pump gear |
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