CN1411932A - Ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy slurry directly-forming method and device - Google Patents
Ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy slurry directly-forming method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The direct forming method of spherical primary crystal semi-solid metal or alloy sturry material includes the following steps: pouring low overheated metal whose overtemperature is 5-30 deg.K or alloy solution into a casting mould, i.e. receiving container, at the same time applying a low-power stirring foce to the overheated metal or alloy solution to obtain spheircal primary crystal semi-solid metal or alloy slurry, further cooling said semi-solid metal or alloy slurry and heat-insulating, and cooling to specific temp. or solidus fraction, in the course of cooling or heat-insulation said spherical primary crystal in the metal or alloy semi-solid slurry can obtain further round optimization, then feeding the round optimized spherical primary crystal semi-solid metal or ally sturry into the press-casting machine or forging machine to implement direct forming.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to the direct forming method and the device of semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp, particularly the rheological molding method and the device of semi-solid-state metal and alloy pulp.
Background technology: invented since the seventies initial stage Massachusetts Institute Technology (MIT) since the ring initial crystal semi-solid forming technique of metal and alloy, this technology causes the extensive concern and the research of various countries.General two classes of dividing of the ring initial crystal semi-solid forming technique of metal and alloy, one class is that semi-solid-state metal or thixotropic alloy are shaped, promptly allow the metal or alloy semi solid slurry of spherical primary crystal be frozen into blank fully earlier, again the blank of suitable length is carried out the semisolid remelting heating, the semi-solid blank that will be in solid-liquid two-phase region delivers to die casting machine or forging machine forms; Another kind of is the metal or alloy semi solid slurry of ring initial crystal directly to be delivered to die casting machine or forging machine carries out direct forming, i.e. rheological molding.Because the semi-solid-state shaping of ring initial crystal metal or alloy has many advantages, as: alleviated and wrapped up in gas and solidification shrinkage in being shaped, increased the compactness and the intensity of blank; Alleviate component segregation, improved the uniformity of blank performance; Alleviate the shaping drag, can make the blank of complex parts; Improve production efficiency, reduced percent defective; Reduced and filled the type temperature, prolonged die life; That can also realize producing is increasingly automated, so the semi-solid state forming technique of ring initial crystal metal or alloy has been applied in the middle of the manufacturing of many parts.
According to document Flemings M.Behavior of Metal alloys in the Semisolid State.MetallTrans, 1991,22A (5): 957-981 report, in the thixotropic forming technology of ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy, at first should prepare the blank of ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy.The commercial method of preparation ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy blank has electromagnetic stirring method and strain to activate (strain induced meltactivation) method at present.Prepare in ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or the alloy blank method in electromagnetic agitation, the degree of superheat that No. 4434837 patent of the U.S. proposes common metal or alloy liquid is all at 50 ° more than the K, requirement must be carried out strong electromagnetic agitation, and promptly the shear rate that electromagnetic agitation produced is generally at 500～1500S
-1Under such shear rate, the rotary speed that is stirred metal or alloy liquid is very high, generally all surpasses 500rp rev/min, at this moment could obtain tiny and semi-solid-state metal or alloy blank ring initial crystal.If shear rate is less than 500S
-1, the form variation of primary crystal mostly is the rosiness primary crystal, and the dendrite layer on continuous casting material surface is thicker, and the thixotropy of this blank is bad, is unsuitable for semi-solid die casting.In order to carry out strong electromagnetic agitation, electromagnetic stirring equipment is huge, and investment is high, and electromagnetic agitation power is big, efficient is low, power consumption is big, so the cost of ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy continuous casting material is higher.After ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or the alloy blank preparation, this blank is carried out quantitative sawing, again these a certain size solid-state blank is carried out the heating of electromagnetic induction semisolid remelting, when reaching predetermined fraction solid, the blank of semisolid remelting heating just can carry out thixotropic forming, so this process has increased the energy resource consumption of a semisolid remelting, and in electromagnetic induction semisolid remelting heating process, generally can run off 5～12% metal or alloy of blank, the surface oxidation of blank is also very serious, and these have all increased ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or the cost of thixotropic alloy shaping and the inside or the blemish of drip molding; Material handle after the shaping or useless part must return blank and prepare in workshop or the blank supplier hand, and this has also increased cost.From the above mentioned, the technological process of ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or thixotropic alloy shaping is long, production cost is high.
Ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp direct forming (or rheological molding) though technological process short, the energy consumption that does not also need the semisolid remelting heating, but at United States Patent (USP) the 3948650th, No. 3954455 and Flemings M, Riek R G and Young K P.Rheocasting.Materials Science andEngineering, 1976, all mention among the 25:103-117, up to the present, the ring initial crystal semi-solid metal that the preparation rheological molding is required or the method for alloy pulp all are strong mechanical agitation, the mechanical agitation method utilizes rotating vane or the stirring rod nascent solid phase dendrite in will solidifying to smash, and obtains the metal or alloy semi solid slurry of ring initial crystal.In stirring, the relative rotation speed of these churned mechanically blades and stirring rod is all very high, and is general all more than 500 rev/mins, even above 10000 rev/mins.Under so high stir speed (S.S.), the life-span of teeter chamber and stirring rod is not long, pollute ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp easily, ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp also are easy to oxidation, the internal soundness of ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp is low, and the production efficiency of ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp is very low, also can't satisfy the needs of rheological molding, so the direct forming of ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp also can't enter commodity production.
Chinese patent application 00109540.4 has proposed a kind of new method for preparing ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp or blank; being about to low excessive metal or alloy liquid directly pours in mold or the continuous cast mold; simultaneously this over-heat metal or alloy liquid are carried out weak stirring; just can prepare ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp or blank; and this ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp or blank are pure; can not be subjected to the pollution of preparation facilities, so this preparation method's equipment investment is low; the preparation cost of ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp or blank is low.But the spherical semi-solid-state metal that this preparation method prepares or the fraction solid of alloy pulp is wayward, the form of nascent solid phase rounding not too, therefore the direct forming of complex parts blank is carried out in this slurry chamber of penetrating that should not be delivered to die casting machine or forging machine again, only is fit to make the continuous casting blank and is used for subsequently semi-solid die casting or the making simple foundry goods identical with the mold shape.If further rounding optimization and fraction solid control that the ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or the alloy pulp of this method preparation carried out follow-up ring initial crystal, the direct forming of complex parts blank is carried out in the chamber of penetrating that just ring initial crystal semi-solid metal after this optimization or alloy pulp can be delivered to die casting machine or forging machine.
Summary of the invention: the invention provides a kind of semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal or the method and the device of alloy pulp direct forming, it is in the bearing container that the metal or alloy liquid of low overheat is poured into mold, be that this over-heat metal in the bearing container or alloy liquid apply in short-term that straight line moves the travelling-wave electromagnetic field to pouring into this mold simultaneously, or spiral electromagnetic field, or the weak stirring of rotary electromagnetic field is that low-power stirs, and the rounding optimization of this process of setting being cooled off control and ring initial crystal, obtain the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of the ring initial crystal of predetermined fraction solid, and with the semi-solid-state metal of the ring initial crystal of this fraction solid or the chamber of penetrating that alloy pulp is directly delivered to die casting machine or forging machine, very complicated parts blank is shaped, shortened process reduces production costs.To pouring into mold is that also can to apply weak in short-term mechanical agitation be that low-power stirs for this over-heat metal in the bearing container or alloy liquid, and the rounding optimization of this process of setting being cooled off control and ring initial crystal, also can obtain the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of the ring initial crystal of predetermined fraction solid, the semi-solid metal slurry of the ring initial crystal of this fraction solid is delivered to the chamber of penetrating of die casting machine or forging machine, also can direct forming unusual complicated parts blank, this technological process is also short, and production cost is also low.
Technology of the present invention is constructed as follows:
1, produce an overheated metal or alloy liquid, the temperature of this over-heat metal or alloy liquid is controlled at its 5～30 ° of K more than actual liquidus temperature in advance, and this over-heat metal or alloy liquid are directly poured into a mold is in the bearing container.This mold is that the shape of bearing container can be cylindrical or other shapes, this mold is that the material of bearing container can be nonmetal or not have the magnetic metal, this mold is that the bearing container inwall is provided with low thermal conductivity liner, also can not establish low thermal conductivity liner, as being provided with low thermal conductivity liner, the thickness of this low thermal conductivity liner is 0.2～10mm.
2, providing a weak mixing power simultaneously is the low-power mixing power, to pouring into this mold is that over-heat metal or the alloy liquid in the bearing container or the semi-solid-state metal that has solidified a small amount of nascent solid phase or alloy pulp apply the short time and stir, obtain the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of ring initial crystal, mixing time is 1～3600S.Not only can utilize rotary electromagnetic field, or the blade of machinery rotation or screw rod realize that to this mold be this over-heat metal or alloy liquid in the bearing container, or the weak stirring of this semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp is that low-power stirs, also can utilize the spiral electromagnetic field, or realize this over-heat metal or alloy liquid the travelling-wave electromagnetic field that straight line moves, or the weak stirring of this semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp is that low-power stirs, over-heat metal that is stirred or alloy liquid, or the speed of rotation of semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp is 10～300 rev/mins of scopes, or over-heat metal that is stirred or alloy liquid, or the line of motion speed of semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp is in 0.01～10 meter per second scope.
3, the weak stirring in this travelling-wave electromagnetic field is that electromagnetic agitation power output that low-power stirs is that 1～5000 watt, the supply frequency of electromagnetic agitation are 1～20000 hertz, is 5～1000 hertz but electromagnetic agitation power output optimum range is 500～3000 watts, the supply frequency optimum range of electromagnetic agitation; This spiral electromagnetic field is weak to be stirred is that winding input terminal voltage that low-power electromagnetic stirs is that 1～40 volt, line current are 1～40 ampere, the supply frequency that inputs to this winding is 1～1000 hertz, and the mixing speed of spherical semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp is 10～300 rev/mins.
4, after this weak in short-term stirring, with this mold is that bearing container and this mold are that the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of the ring initial crystal in the bearing container moves in the cooler together, control the cooling of the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of this ring initial crystal, make the further rounding optimization of this ring initial crystal and control this semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp reaches predetermined fraction solid or temperature, should predetermined fraction solid be 0.1～0.9, but optimum range is 0.3～0.7, or this predetermined temperature is higher than the solidus temperature of this metal or alloy or is not less than the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal of this fraction solid or the forming temperature of alloy pulp; This specific cooling velocity is 1～100 ℃/min, and be 1～3600 second this cool time.This cooler can be kept by resistance heat or combustion of natural gas heat or gas-fired heat or oil inflame heat or main-frequency electromagnetic induction heat or intermediate frequency electromagnetic induction heat or high-frequency electromagnetic induction heat.
5 or after stirring, with this mold is that bearing container and this mold are that the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of the ring initial crystal in the bearing container moves in the warmer together, to the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal or alloy pulp is incubated and this ring initial crystal rounding optimization, the temperature of insulation is higher than the solidus temperature of this metal or alloy or is not less than the semi-solid-state metal of the ring initial crystal of being scheduled to fraction solid or the forming temperature of alloy pulp, temperature retention time is 1～3600S, should predetermined fraction solid be 0.1～0.9, but best fraction solid scope be 0.3～0.7.This warmer is kept specific temperature by resistance heat or combustion of natural gas heat or gas-fired heat or oil inflame heat or main-frequency electromagnetic induction heat or intermediate frequency electromagnetic induction heat or high-frequency electromagnetic induction heat.
6, this cooler or warmer can be made of resistance furnace or gas furnace or oil burner, also can constitute by power frequency or intermediate frequency or high-frequency electromagnetic induction heater, this induction heater is by hollow pure copper tube dish curl, and the frequency of this induction heater power supply is 50～1000000 hertz.
7, in cooling or insulating process, to control preceding semi-solid-state metal of last shaping or the inside and outside temperature difference of alloy pulp to be not more than ± 5 ℃, the optimum range of this temperature difference is at ± 1 ℃.
8, will form through the semi-solid-state metal of the ring initial crystal of rounding optimization or the chamber of penetrating that alloy pulp is delivered to die casting machine or forging machine, obtain die casting or forging.
9, also travelling-wave electromagnetic agitator and the cooler or the warmer that can replace straight line move by the electromagnetic inductor of a hollow pure copper tube dish curl, the mold that is about to over-heat metal or alloy liquid is that bearing container is placed in this travelling-wave electromagnetic inductor in advance, it is in the bearing container that over-heat metal or alloy liquid are directly poured into this mold, the straight line that utilizes this travelling-wave electromagnetic inductor to produce moves the travelling-wave electromagnetic field, and this over-heat metal in this bearing container or alloy liquid are carried out in short-term that light current magnetic stirs is that low-power stirs, produce the semi-solid metal slurry of ring initial crystal, the weak stirring in this travelling-wave electromagnetic field is that the electromagnetic agitation power output that low-power stirs is 1～5000 watt, the supply frequency of electromagnetic agitation is 1～20000 hertz, but electromagnetic agitation power output optimum range is 500～3000 watts, the supply frequency optimum range of electromagnetic agitation is 5～1000 hertz, and mixing time is 1～3600 second; And the semi-solid metal slurry of controlling this ring initial crystal by the power of adjusting this travelling-wave electromagnetic inductor cools off by predetermined cooling velocity, should predetermined cooling velocity be 1～100 ℃/min, make the semi-solid metal slurry of this ring initial crystal be cooled to predetermined fraction solid, promptly 0.1～0.9, but the scope of best fraction solid is 0.3～0.7.In this cooling procedure, the further rounding optimization of the ring initial crystal of this semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp, be 1～3600 second this cool time.
10, this method is adapted to the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal of acieral, magnesium base alloy, acid bronze alloy, zinc-containing alloy, nickel-base alloy, cobalt-base alloys and ferrous alloy or the direct forming of alloy pulp.
The equipment of realizing above-mentioned technology is constructed as follows: this equipment comprises that mainly the mold of over-heat metal or alloy liquid generator 1, over-heat metal or alloy liquid 2 is bearing container 3, magnetic stirrer 4, mechanical agitator 16.The over-heat metal of low overheat or alloy liquid generator 1 linking one over-heat metal or alloy liquid mold are bearing container 3, this over-heat metal or alloy liquid mold are that bearing container 3 combines with a magnetic stirrer 4 or mechanical agitator 16, after electromagnetism or mechanical agitation, this mold is that bearing container 3 combines with a cooler or warmer 6 again, this mold is that bearing container 3 and semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp 5 that should be scheduled to the ring initial crystal of fraction solid are connected with a die casting machine 10 or forging machine 14, die casting machine 10 combines with die casting 9, forging machine 14 combines with forging mold 12, and this device constitutes referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3; Or by the power frequency of a hollow pure copper tube dish curl, or intermediate frequency, or the high-frequency electromagnetic induction device constitutes travelling-wave electromagnetic agitator 4 and cooler 6 that straight line moves, or constitute travelling-wave electromagnetic agitator 4 and the warmer 6 that straight line moves, this mold is that bearing container 3 is directly put into this magnetic stirrer 4 and cooler 6, or in magnetic stirrer 4 and the warmer 6, it is bearing container 3 that the over-heat metal of one low overheat or the over-heat metal in the alloy liquid generator 1 or alloy liquid 2 are poured into mold, this electromagnetic inductor both can realize that weak stirring the in travelling-wave electromagnetic field was that low-power stirs, can realize the control cooling and the optimization of ring initial crystal rounding of the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp 5 of this ring initial crystal again, this mold is that bearing container 3 and semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp 5 that should be scheduled to the ring initial crystal of fraction solid are connected with a die casting machine 10 or forging machine 14, die casting machine 10 combines with die casting 9, forging machine 14 combines with forging mold 12, and this device constitutes referring to Fig. 4.
The invention reside in the accurate low overheat of control is that to pour into a mold be in the bearing container for the metal or alloy liquid of overheated 5～30 ° of K, be that metal or alloy liquid in the bearing container carries out that stir in light current magnetic field or mechanical agitation is that low-power stirs to this mold simultaneously, significantly reduce simple electromagnetic agitation or churned mechanically energy consumption and reduce the complexity of equipping, can obtain ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp equally; These ring initial crystal semi-solid metals or alloy pulp are through further cooling or insulation, the form of ring initial crystal obtains further rounding optimization, semi-solid-state shaping is carried out in the chamber of penetrating that the ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or the alloy pulp of this rounding optimization are directly delivered to die casting machine or forging machine, shortened the technological process of the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy blank thixotropic forming of ring initial crystal greatly, equipment investment reduces significantly, reduces the cost of semi-solid-state shaping spare; The present invention has also avoided the semi-solid-state metal of conventional ring initial crystal or the energy consumption of the electromagnetic induction heating in the alloy blank thixotropic forming, metal loss phenomenon in the time of conventional semi-solid-state metal or the remelting of thixotropic alloy shaping blank heating also can not occurring, also greatly reduce the surface oxidation of blank, further improve the inherent quality of drip molding; The semi-solid-state metal of preparation ring initial crystal of the present invention or alloy pulp technology are the preparations of a crucible one crucible, the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal or the conveying of alloy pulp are easy to realize, it is higher that the liquid phase fraction of slurry can also be controlled, the very complicated parts blank of being convenient to be shaped, and the liquid phase fraction of conventional semi-solid-state metal or thixotropic alloy shaping blank can not be controlled too high, meet difficulty when being shaped very the complex parts blank, otherwise the carrying of blank is difficult to realize technological operation; Technology of the present invention makes the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal or running gate system, the waste product after the alloy pulp direct forming will be directly in this workshop reuse, reduce cost of material, and the running gate system behind the semi-solid-state metal of conventional ring initial crystal or the alloy blank thixotropic forming, waste product must turn back to the factory that blank prepares workshop or blank supplier, have increased the shaping production cost.The difficult problem that the present invention had both solved that metal or alloy liquid temp in the liquidus curve casting is difficult to control, the mobile difference of metal or alloy liquid and pouring technology are difficult to realize, solve simple electromagnetic agitation or mechanical agitation again and prepared the problem that equipment is huge He power of agitator is big, stirring efficiency is low, energy consumption is big in the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal or the alloy pulp, can not cause splashing and accident of the semi-solid-state metal that is stirred over-heat metal or alloy liquid or ring initial crystal or alloy pulp again;
Simple in structure for magnetic stirrer or mechanical agitator in the device of implementing this method invention, stirring intensity is low, energy consumption is low; This cooler or warmer simple in structure, the tissue morphology of the ring initial crystal of semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp and fraction solid are easy to control, be convenient to prepare the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of the ring initial crystal of a crucible one crucible, this point especially is fit to the shaping needs of machine components blank; This die casting machine or forging machine be general commercial or through appropriate reconstruction with the semi-solid-state metal that adapts to ring initial crystal or alloy pulp the be shaped die casting machine or the forging machine of needs, obtain easily the investment saving; This device both had been suitable for the semi-solid metal slurry direct forming of the ring initial crystal of acieral, also was suitable for the direct forming of semi solid slurry of the ring initial crystal of magnesium base alloy, acid bronze alloy, zinc-containing alloy, nickel-base alloy, cobalt-base alloys and ferrous alloy.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal of the present invention or the technology and the device schematic diagram of alloy pulp rheo-die-casting.
Fig. 2 is semi-solid-state metal or the direct technology of forging of alloy pulp and the device schematic diagram of ring initial crystal of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the semi-solid-state metal of second kind of ring initial crystal of the present invention or the technology and the device schematic diagram of alloy pulp rheo-die-casting, drive motors 18 drives stirring vane 15 rotations by drive link 17, constantly stir this over-heat metal or alloy liquid or this semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp, obtain the metal or alloy semi solid slurry of ring initial crystal.
Fig. 4 is the semi-solid-state metal of the third ring initial crystal of the present invention or the technology and the device schematic diagram of alloy pulp rheo-die-casting.
Fig. 5 is the tissue of the semisolid A356 alloy pulp of ring initial crystal of the present invention, and light areas is spherical primary-Al, and darker regions is the eutectic liquid that solidifies.
Fig. 6 is the tissue of the semisolid A356 alloy pulp of the ring initial crystal of optimizing through rounding of the present invention, and light areas is spherical primary-Al, and darker regions is the eutectic liquid that solidifies.
The specific embodiment: with reference to Fig. 1,2,3, this is technological process and the device that provides by above-mentioned technical characterstic, this technology is established the overheated A356 alloy liquid generator 1 of a low overheat, it is a resistance melting furnace, the heat-insulating property of this melting furnace is good, can guarantee the accuracy of temperature control of A356 alloy liquid 2, temperature accuracy is ± 5 ℃; This overheated A356 alloy liquid generator 1 is that bearing container 3 is connected with an overheated A356 alloy liquid mold, and this mold is that bearing container 3 is made by graphite, and this mold is that bearing container 3 is in room temperature before the cast; This overheated A356 alloy liquid mold is that bearing container 3 combines with a rotating electromagnetic agitator 4; It is in the bearing container 3 that the A356 alloy liquid 2 of overheated 10 ° of K is directly poured into this overheated A356 alloy liquid mold, be that to carry out that weak in short-term rotary electromagnetic field stirs be that low-power stirs for this overheated A356 alloy liquid 2 in the bearing container 3 to this overheated A356 alloy liquid mold simultaneously, the power that should weak rotary electromagnetic field stirs is that 1500W, supply frequency are that 50Hz, mixing time are 20S, the organizing as shown in Figure 5 of the semisolid A356 alloy pulp of the ring initial crystal that obtains; After the stirring, being bearing container 3 with this mold moves in the electromagnetic induction heater together with the semisolid A356 alloy pulp of wherein ring initial crystal, to make this mold be bearing container 3 further cools off together with the semisolid A356 alloy pulp of wherein ring initial crystal, cooling velocity is 5 ° of K/min, the fraction solid of the semisolid A356 alloy of this ring initial crystal is controlled at predetermined scope, promptly 0.4～0.6; In this cooling or insulating process, the ring initial crystal of this semisolid A356 alloy pulp obtains further rounding optimization, as shown in Figure 6; At last the semisolid A356 alloy pulp 5 of this ring initial crystal after the rounding optimization and this mold or bearing container 3 are delivered to die casting machine 10 together, the semisolid A356 alloy pulp 5 of this ring initial crystal is sent in the die casting 9 formed.
Technological process Fig. 4 referring to the technology of the present invention characteristics, also can utilize power frequency or intermediate frequency or high-frequency electromagnetic induction device replacement travelling-wave electromagnetic agitator 4 and cooler or replacement travelling-wave electromagnetic agitator 4 and warmer 6 by hollow pure copper tube dish curl, with overheated A356 alloy liquid mold is that bearing container 3 is directly put into this travelling-wave electromagnetic agitator 4 and cooler or warmer 6, this mold is that bearing container 3 is made by graphite, and this mold is that bearing container 3 is in room temperature before the cast; Again will this overheated A356 alloy liquid generator 1 accurately low overheat of control be that directly to pour into this overheated A356 alloy mold be in the bearing container 3 for the A356 alloy liquid 2 of overheated 10 ° of K, simultaneously this overheated A356 alloy liquid being carried out weak in short-term travelling-wave electromagnetic field stirs, the power that should weak travelling-wave electromagnetic field stirs is that 1500W, supply frequency are that 1000Hz, mixing time are 20S, the organizing as shown in Figure 5 of the semisolid A356 alloy pulp of the ring initial crystal that obtains; When stir weak travelling-wave electromagnetic field, adjust the power of this travelling-wave electromagnetic inductor, the cooling of semisolid A356 alloy pulp with the control ring initial crystal, the follow-up cooling velocity that makes the semisolid A356 alloy pulp of ring initial crystal is that 5 ° of K/min or holding temperature are that 585 ℃, temperature retention time are 5min, the fraction solid of the A356 alloy pulp of this ring initial crystal is controlled at predetermined scope, promptly 0.4～0.6, the semisolid A356 alloy pulp 5 of the ring initial crystal that is optimized, it is organized as shown in Figure 6; A356 alloy pulp 5 and this mold with this ring initial crystal after the rounding optimization is before bearing container 3 is delivered to die casting machine 10 or forging machine 14 together at last, the semisolid A356 alloy pulp of this ring initial crystal sent in die casting 9 or the forging mold 12 form.The present invention has realized the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp direct forming of ring initial crystal, promptly do not allow the semi-solid-state metal of spherical primary crystal or alloy pulp solidify fully, and its chamber of penetrating that directly is delivered to die casting machine or forging machine is formed, avoided to carry out this blank in the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal or the alloy blank thixotropic forming operation of semisolid remelting heating, shortened technological process greatly and reduced power consumption, this method is particularly suitable for the direct forming of semi-solid metal slurry of the ring initial crystal of low-melting-point metal or alloy.
Claims (13)
1, the direct forming method of a kind of ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp, produce the over-heat metal or the alloy liquid of a low overheat, the temperature of this over-heat metal or alloy liquid is controlled at its 5～30 ° of K more than actual liquidus temperature in advance, it is in the bearing container that this over-heat metal or alloy liquid are directly poured into a mold, it is characterized in that:
A. be that to apply weak in short-term the stirring be that low-power stirs for over-heat metal or the alloy liquid in the bearing container or the semi-solid-state metal that has solidified a small amount of nascent solid phase or alloy pulp to this mold of pour into immediately, obtain the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of ring initial crystal, mixing time is 1～3600S.
B. after this stirs in short-term, control the follow-up cooldown rate and the cool time of the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of this ring initial crystal by a cooler, cooldown rate is 1～100 ℃/min, be 1～3600S cool time, make the further rounding optimization of this ring initial crystal, and control this semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp reaches predetermined fraction solid or temperature, predetermined fraction solid is 0.1～0.9, or predetermined temperature is higher than the solidus temperature of this metal or alloy or is not less than the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal of this fraction solid or the forming temperature of alloy pulp.
C. also can be after this stirs in short-term, semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp to ring initial crystal are incubated, the temperature of this insulation is higher than the solidus temperature of this metal or alloy or is not less than the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal of this fraction solid or the forming temperature of alloy pulp, temperature retention time is 1～3600S, makes the further rounding optimization of ring initial crystal.
D. with after the rounding optimization and the spherical semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of predetermined fraction solid be before bearing container is delivered to die casting machine or forging machine together with its mold, with this mold be spherical semi-solid-state metal in the bearing container or alloy pulp send into die casting machine penetrate the penetrating in the chamber of chamber or forging machine, carry out die casting or forging and molding.
2, as the direct forming method of claims 1 described ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy pulp, it is characterized in that, the travelling-wave electromagnetic field that utilizes spiral electromagnetic field or straight line to move realizes that the weak stirring to over-heat metal or alloy liquid or semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp is that low-power stirs, the speed of rotation of over-heat metal that is stirred or alloy liquid or semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp is 10～300 rev/mins of scopes, or the wire rate of the motion of the over-heat metal that is stirred or alloy liquid or semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp is in 0.01～10 meter per second scope.
3, as the direct forming method of claims 1,2 described ring initial crystal semi-solid metals or alloy pulp, it is characterized in that, this travelling-wave electromagnetic field is weak stirs is that electromagnetic agitation power output that low-power stirs is that 1～5000 watt, the supply frequency of electromagnetic agitation are 1～20000 hertz, is 5～1000 hertz but the optimum range of electromagnetic agitation power output is 500～3000 watts, the supply frequency optimum range of electromagnetic agitation.
4, as the direct forming method of claims 1,2 described ring initial crystal semi-solid metals or alloy pulp, it is characterized in that, this spiral electromagnetic field is weak to be stirred is that the winding input terminal voltage of low-power spiral electromagnetic agitation is that 1～40 volt, line current are 1～40 ampere, the supply frequency that inputs to this winding is 1～1000 hertz, and the mixing speed of spherical semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp is 10～300 rev/mins.
5, the direct forming method of the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal according to claim 1 or alloy pulp, it is characterized in that this cooler kept by resistance heat or combustion of natural gas heat or gas-fired heat or oil inflame heat or main-frequency electromagnetic induction heat or intermediate frequency electromagnetic induction heat or high-frequency electromagnetic induction heat, make the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of this ring initial crystal have specific cooling velocity, this specific cooling velocity is 1～100 ℃/min.
6, the direct forming method of the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal according to claim 1 or alloy pulp, it is characterized in that this warmer keeps specific temperature by resistance heat or combustion of natural gas heat or gas-fired heat or oil inflame heat or main-frequency electromagnetic induction heat or intermediate frequency electromagnetic induction heat or high-frequency electromagnetic induction heat, this specified temp is higher than the balance solidus temperature of this metal or alloy or is not less than the direct forming temperature of this semi-solid-state metal or alloy pulp.
7, according to the direct forming method of the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of claim 5,6 described ring initial crystals, the frequency that it is characterized in that this power frequency or intermediate frequency or high-frequency electromagnetic induction heater power source is 50～1000000 hertz.
8, the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal according to claim 1 or alloy pulp direct forming method, the fraction solid of the semi-solid metal slurry of the ring initial crystal when it is characterized in that the semi-solid-state metal of this ring initial crystal or alloy pulp direct forming is 0.1～0.9, but the optimum range of fraction solid is 0.3～0.7.
9, according to the direct forming method of the semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp of claim 1,5,6 described ring initial crystals, in cooling or insulating process, control preceding semi-solid-state metal of last shaping or the inside and outside temperature difference of alloy pulp to be not more than ± 5 ℃, the optimum range of this temperature difference is at ± 1 ℃.
10, a kind of semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal or alloy pulp direct forming device, mainly comprise over-heat metal or alloy liquid generator (1), the mold of over-heat metal or alloy liquid (2) is bearing container (3), magnetic stirrer (4), mechanical agitator (16), it is characterized in that, mold is that bearing container (3) combines with a cooler or warmer (6) again, this mold is that bearing container (3) and semi-solid-state metal or the alloy pulp (5) that should be scheduled to the ring initial crystal of fraction solid are connected with a die casting machine (10) or forging machine (14), die casting machine (10) combines with die casting (9), and forging machine (14) combines with forging mold (12).
11, the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal as claimed in claim 10 or alloy pulp direct forming device, it is characterized in that, the mold of this over-heat metal or alloy liquid (2) is that the shape of bearing container (3) can be cylindrical or other shapes, this mold is that the material of bearing container (3) can be nonmetal or not have the magnetic metal, this mold is that bearing container (3) inwall is provided with low thermal conductivity liner, also can not establish low thermal conductivity liner, as being provided with low thermal conductivity liner, the thickness of this low thermal conductivity liner is 0.2～10mm.
12, the semi-solid-state metal of ring initial crystal according to claim 10 or alloy pulp direct forming device, it is characterized in that this cooler or warmer (6) can be made of the power frequency of hollow pure copper tube dish curl or intermediate frequency or high-frequency electromagnetic induction device, can also constitute by resistance furnace or gas furnace or oil burner.
13, according to the semi-solid-state metal of claim 10,12 described ring initial crystals or the device of alloy pulp direct forming, it is characterized in that this magnetic stirrer (4) also can be replaced by the power frequency of hollow pure copper tube dish curl or the cooler or the warmer (6) of intermediate frequency or high-frequency induction formula.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 02104349 CN1411932B (en) | 2002-03-01 | 2002-03-01 | Ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy slurry directly-forming method and device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 02104349 CN1411932B (en) | 2002-03-01 | 2002-03-01 | Ring initial crystal semi-solid metal or alloy slurry directly-forming method and device |
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| CN1411932A true CN1411932A (en) | 2003-04-23 |
| CN1411932B CN1411932B (en) | 2012-07-11 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1308102C (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2007-04-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Method of preparing semisolid alloy slurry and its equipment |
| CN1310724C (en) * | 2004-02-04 | 2007-04-18 | 洪俊杓 | Rheoforming apparatus |
| CN106413940A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2017-02-15 | 吉斯科有限公司 | Process for preparing molten metals for casting at a low to zero superheat temperature |
| CN107983929A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-05-04 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of heating furnace cobalt alloy cushion block semi-solid die casting process |
| CN112955265A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2021-06-11 | 未来铸造株式会社 | Die casting device with movable electromagnetic control organization control module |
| CN114939633A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-08-26 | 北京科技大学 | System and process for preparing and forming non-oxidation high-purity large-volume semi-solid slurry |
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| EP1121214A4 (en) * | 1998-07-24 | 2005-04-13 | Gibbs Die Casting Aluminum | Semi-solid casting apparatus and method |
| CN1156350C (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2004-07-07 | 北京科技大学 | Process and equipment for preparing semi-solid-state metal slurry in spherical primary crystal or raw material for conticasting |
| CN2438526Y (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2001-07-11 | 清华大学 | Continuous casting apparatus of alloy round blank for semi-solid processing |
| CN1142044C (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2004-03-17 | 清华大学 | Technology for manufacturing circular alloy blank used for semi-solid processing |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1310724C (en) * | 2004-02-04 | 2007-04-18 | 洪俊杓 | Rheoforming apparatus |
| CN1308102C (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2007-04-04 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Method of preparing semisolid alloy slurry and its equipment |
| CN106413940A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2017-02-15 | 吉斯科有限公司 | Process for preparing molten metals for casting at a low to zero superheat temperature |
| CN107983929A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-05-04 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of heating furnace cobalt alloy cushion block semi-solid die casting process |
| CN112955265A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2021-06-11 | 未来铸造株式会社 | Die casting device with movable electromagnetic control organization control module |
| CN112955265B (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2023-03-31 | 未来铸造株式会社 | Die casting device with movable electromagnetic control organization control module |
| CN114939633A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-08-26 | 北京科技大学 | System and process for preparing and forming non-oxidation high-purity large-volume semi-solid slurry |
| CN114939633B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-11-29 | 北京科技大学 | System and process for preparing and forming non-oxidation high-purity large-volume semi-solid slurry |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1411932B (en) | 2012-07-11 |
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