CN1410225A - High speed and super high speed plane grinding and outersphere grinding method and equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-speed and ultra-high-speed surface grinding and cylindrical grinding method, characterized in that the grinding wheel frame with the grinding wheel on the main shaft is fixed on the conversion seat that can rotate 90° on the bed, and the grinding wheel performs high-speed rotating motion around the axis of the grinding wheel frame spindle , The worktable on which the workpiece is placed makes longitudinal, lateral and vertical feed movements. Its equipment includes a grinding wheel frame with a grinding wheel on the main shaft, a longitudinal worktable and a bed, etc. It is characterized in that the grinding wheel frame is connected with a conversion seat that can rotate 90°, and is fixed on the grinding machine bed; the longitudinal worktable A horizontal workbench is arranged below, on which there are guide rails matched with the vertical worktable glides, and a vertical workbench is set under the horizontal workbench, on which there are guide rails matched with the horizontal workbench glides, and the sides are connected with the bed. The guide rails on the body match. The invention can not only realize the high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding processing of workpieces, but also realize two grinding modes of plane grinding and cylindrical grinding on one piece of equipment.

Description

High-speed and ultra-high-speed surface grinding and cylindrical grinding methods and equipment

Technical field:

The invention relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing, in particular to a method capable of realizing both high-speed and ultra-high-speed surface grinding and high-speed and ultra-high-speed cylindrical grinding, and equipment designed according to the method.

Background technique:

High-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding is a key technology in the field of advanced manufacturing technology. As the requirements for machining accuracy and machining efficiency of parts are getting higher and higher, many developed countries in the world have listed the research and development of high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding equipment as key research fields. The salient features of high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding compared with ordinary grinding with lower grinding wheel linear speed are: when the grinding speed exceeds a certain critical value, the grinding force and grinding temperature are significantly reduced, and the processing efficiency and processing quality are greatly improved. . Because high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding can greatly improve production efficiency and product quality, reduce costs, and realize the finishing of difficult-to-machine materials, the application of this technology will generate huge economic and social benefits. At the same time, because high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding can integrate rough and fine machining, and process blanks into finished products at one time, profound changes have taken place in the production mode, industrial structure and organizational model of the manufacturing industry, and its correlation effect and radiation ability are inestimable. my country is currently unable to produce ultra-high-speed grinding machine products.

Invention content:

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of traditional processing methods, provide a method that can realize high-speed and ultra-high-speed surface grinding, and high-speed and ultra-high-speed cylindrical grinding, and the equipment designed according to the method .

The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions. It is characterized in that the grinding wheel frame with the grinding wheel on the main shaft is fixed on the conversion seat that can rotate 90° on the bed, the grinding wheel rotates around the axis of the grinding wheel frame at a high speed, and the workbench where the workpiece is placed is fed longitudinally, horizontally and vertically sports. The equipment designed according to the above method includes a grinding wheel frame with a grinding wheel on the main shaft, a longitudinal worktable and a bed, and is characterized in that the grinding wheel frame is connected with a conversion seat that can make it rotate 90°, and is fixed on the grinding machine bed; A horizontal workbench is arranged under the longitudinal workbench, and a guide rail matched with the vertical workbench chute is arranged on it; Guide rail, the side is matched with the guide rail on the bed. In order to ensure the processing accuracy, the feed movement of the table is driven by AC servo motor, and high-precision ball screw is used, and the guide rail is a linear rolling guide rail with preload.

The present invention can adapt to the needs of high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding by improving the current existing grinding processing methods and equipment, and solves the industrial technical problems required by high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding. At the same time, the present invention designs a It is a general-purpose grinding equipment that can complete both surface grinding and cylindrical grinding, and is suitable for high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding. It also solves the problem that the existing grinding equipment in my country cannot realize both surface grinding and The problem of cylindrical grinding, the development of this equipment has important practical value for the development of high-speed and ultra-high-speed plane and cylindrical dual-purpose grinding machines in my country, and then promote the industrialization of high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding machines in my country.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structure embodiment when cylindrical grinding of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural embodiment of the present invention for surface grinding.

In the figure: 1-longitudinal table; 2-workpiece; 3-grinding wheel; 4-tailstock;

5-head frame motor; 6-head frame; 7-wheel frame spindle; 8-wheel frame;

9- bed; 10- vertical table; 11- headstock spindle; 12- guide rail;

13-conversion seat; 14-horizontal workbench.

Detailed ways:

At present, the overall motion scheme of surface grinders at home and abroad consists of the following motions: ① rotating motion of the grinding wheel; ② longitudinal motion of the workpiece; ③ vertical feed motion of the grinding wheel frame; ④ lateral feed motion of the grinding wheel frame. At present, the overall motion scheme of cylindrical grinding machines at home and abroad consists of the following motions: ① rotating motion of the grinding wheel; ② longitudinal motion of the workpiece; ③ lateral feed motion of the grinding wheel frame; ④ rotary motion of the workpiece. Due to the high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding conditions, the high-speed grinding wheel is prone to severe vibration, which seriously affects the machining accuracy of the machine tool, the machining quality of the workpiece, and the safety of the operator and equipment. Therefore, in order to reduce vibration, the machine tool must have a lot of vibration. High rigidity. However, the grinding wheel frame of the existing surface grinder needs to perform both rotary motion and vertical and lateral feed motion; while the grinding wheel frame of the existing cylindrical grinder needs to perform both rotary motion and lateral feed motion. Due to the increase of the moving surface, the overall rigidity of the grinding wheel frame system decreases, which cannot meet the needs of high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding.

In addition, the existing grinding machines can only realize surface grinding or cylindrical grinding alone, and cannot realize the above two grinding functions on one piece of equipment. If surface grinding or cylindrical grinding is to be completed, two grinding machines must be equipped at the same time, which increases the input cost and reduces production efficiency.

The present invention aims at the defects existing in the current prior art field, and proposes a new method that can realize high-speed and ultra-high-speed grinding, and can realize plane and cylindrical grinding on one grinding machine, which is characterized in that The grinding wheel frame used for grinding is fixed on the conversion seat set on the grinding machine bed, only the rotation of the grinding wheel is completed, and no feed motion in any other direction is performed. The vertical, horizontal and vertical feed motions of the workpiece All done by the workbench. In this way, the high-speed and ultra-high-speed operation of the grinding wheel can be realized, the rigidity of the grinding wheel frame is greatly improved, and the defects of vibration caused by the feed movement and insufficient rigidity of the grinding wheel frame in the prior art are avoided, thereby realizing high-speed grinding of the workpiece. And ultra-high-speed grinding, the machining accuracy of the machine tool and the machining quality of the workpiece are also greatly improved. The grinding wheel frame is installed on the conversion seat, and the plane and cylindrical grinding can be respectively realized by changing the direction of the grinding wheel frame.

According to the above method, the present invention designs a device capable of high-speed and ultra-high-speed surface grinding and cylindrical grinding. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, it includes a bed 9, a grinding wheel frame 8, a longitudinal workbench 1, etc. The present invention cancels the column used for the installation of the grinding wheel frame of the original surface grinder, and designs and manufactures a grinding wheel frame 8 separately, which is fixed on On the conversion seat 13 that can change the direction on the bed 9 . When the machine tool is in the plane or cylindrical grinding state, the conversion seat 13 is fixed to ensure that the grinding wheel frame 8 does not perform any direction of feed movement except for the rotation of the grinding wheel 3 . The grinding wheel main shaft 7 directly connected with the motor is housed in this grinding wheel unit 8, and the grinding wheel 3 is housed at one end of the grinding wheel unit main shaft 7, which can be rotated at high speed and super high speed under the driving of the grinding wheel unit main shaft 7. The workbench of the existing grinding machine only completes one or both of the longitudinal and lateral feeding grinding methods. In the present invention, because the grinding wheel frame 8 only performs rotational movement, the longitudinal, transverse and vertical feed movements of the workpiece 2 are all completed by the movement of the three-way workbench. A horizontal workbench 14, the workbench is provided with guide rails, and cooperates with the chute correspondingly provided under the longitudinal workbench 1, so that the longitudinal workbench 1 can be longitudinally slid; Table 10, guide rails are also provided on the workbench, which cooperate with the chute correspondingly provided under the horizontal workbench 14, so that the horizontal workbench 14 can be moved laterally; on the side of the vertical workbench 10, a chute is also provided , can cooperate with the corresponding set guide rail on the lathe bed 9, make the vertical workbench 10 do the displacement of vertical direction. In this way, the vertical displacement of the transverse workbench 14 and the longitudinal workbench 1 can be realized by the vertical workbench 10, and the longitudinal and lateral displacement of the longitudinal workbench 1 is realized by the transverse workbench 14, thereby realizing the 1. The longitudinal, lateral and vertical feed of the workpiece above, and the feed movement in these three directions does not use a hydraulic system, but is driven by an AC servo motor. The screw used is a high-precision ball screw, and the guide rail is a The preloaded linear rolling guideway ensures the accuracy of feeding. The above structure not only improves the combined rigidity of moving parts such as longitudinal and transverse workbenches, but also makes them very sensitive when moving, thus greatly simplifying the structure of the machine tool.

In order to realize plane and cylindrical grinding simultaneously on a machine tool, the grinding wheel frame 8 direction of the present invention can be rotated by 90°, which is realized by setting a conversion seat 13 under the grinding wheel frame 8, the conversion seat 13 Connected on the bed 9, it can be rotated by 90°. When the machine tool is in the plane or cylindrical grinding state, the conversion seat 13 is fixed to ensure that the grinding wheel frame 8 does not perform any direction of feed movement except for the rotation of the grinding wheel 3 . As shown in Figure 1, when used for cylindrical grinding, the axis of the grinding wheel head spindle 7 is parallel to the movement direction of the longitudinal worktable 1 and perpendicular to the movement direction of the transverse worktable 14; the longitudinal workbench 1 is equipped with a head that can realize the rotation of the workpiece 6 and tailstock 4, headstock 6 centers are equipped with headstock main shaft 11, are driven by headstock motor 5 and rotate. Now the vertical workbench 10 is locked at the position that guarantees that the height of the wheelhead main shaft 7 axis is equal to the headstock main shaft 11 and matches the size of the emery wheel 14 and the workpiece 2 to be ground. As shown in Figure 2, when used for surface grinding, the grinding wheel frame 8 can be rotated 90° through the conversion seat 13 and then locked, so that the axis of the grinding wheel 3 is perpendicular to the movement direction of the longitudinal table 1 and the vertical table 10, and The movement direction of the transverse workbench 14 is parallel; at the same time, ensure that the height of the axis of the grinding wheel holder spindle 7 matches the size of the grinding wheel 3 and the workpiece 2 to be ground. In this way, two grinding methods of plane grinding and cylindrical grinding can be carried out simultaneously on one piece of equipment, thereby realizing the purpose of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of high speed and ultrahigh speed flat surface grinding and cylindricalo grinding method, it is characterized in that the grinding carriage that emery wheel is housed on the main shaft is fixed on the conversion seat rotatable 90 ° on the lathe bed, emery wheel is made high speed rotary motion around the grinding carriage spindle axis, and the workbench of putting workpiece is done vertically, horizontal and vertical feed motion.

2, a kind of high speed and ultrahigh speed flat surface grinding and cylindricalo grinding equipment that designs according to said method, it comprises the grinding carriage that emery wheel is housed on the main shaft, vertical workbench and lathe bed etc., it is characterized in that described grinding carriage links to each other with making its conversion seat of doing 90 ° of rotations, is fixed on the grinder bed; Under described vertical workbench a horizontal work level is set, which is provided with the guide rail that matches with vertical workbench gliding groove, horizontal work level is divided into vertical workbench, which is provided with the guide rail that matches with the horizontal work level gliding groove, matches with guide rail on the lathe bed in the side.

3, high speed according to claim 2 and ultrahigh speed flat surface grinding and cylindricalo grinding equipment, AC servo machinery driving is adopted in the feed motion of the working plate that it is characterized in that, and adopting the high precision ball screw mandrel, guide rail is the linear rolling track with prefastening load.

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