CN1394469A - Substrate for plant seedling and cultivation using vinegar residue as raw material and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, and is mainly used for seedling raising and soilless culture of plants. The method is characterized in that: the vinegar residue is added with microbial flora, nutrient substances and acidity regulator, and after being stirred uniformly, the solid granular material is piled and fermented. The method is characterized in that: adding effective microorganisms, chicken manure and fly ash into vinegar residue raw materials with water content of about 70%, fully stirring uniformly, stacking and fermenting, and covering with waterproof heat-insulating materials. When the temperature of the center of the pile reaches above 65 ℃, turning the pile once and continuously piling; when the temperature in the pile is reduced to be close to the ambient temperature, the substrate is obtained after the fermentation is finished; drying or pulverizing if necessary. Its advantages are no environmental pollution; the cost is low and is reduced by more than 60 percent compared with the grass peat.

Description

Substrate for plant seedling raising and cultivation using vinegar grains as raw material and manufacturing method thereof

Technical field

The invention relates to the agricultural field required by human life. It is a substrate for plant seedling raising and cultivation using vinegar grains as a raw material and a manufacturing method thereof, and is mainly used for seedling raising and soilless cultivation of vegetables, flowers and lawns.

Background technique

At present, soilless substrate cultivation is developing rapidly in my country and in the world. According to relevant information, most of the substrates used are rock wool or a mixture of peat, perlite and other substances. Among them, rock wool and perlite are inorganic substances, which are not easy to decompose and cause pollution to the environment after use. Although peat charcoal is good, in our country this resource is mainly in the Northeast, and the cost of using it in other areas is relatively high.

Vinegar grains are leftovers produced during the vinegar production process using glutinous rice, bran and other raw materials, accounting for about 70% of the raw materials for vinegar production. Because of their high fiber content, low energy efficiency, and high acidity, they become organic waste. Due to the large quantity, slow decay and difficult handling, it has become a major problem in the vinegar industry.

According to the literature search, there have been some studies on the development and utilization of vinegar grains by relevant domestic units. For example, the Department of Microbiology of Shandong University has studied the ingredient technology and suitable strains of Pleurotus ostreatus for the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus with vinegar grains instead of cottonseed hulls. Pleurotus ostreatus has carried out production experiment research, and Shandong Institute of Education has studied the research of vinegar residue fungus chaff feed. However, most of these utilization methods are still research in the laboratory, and the raw materials consumed in the cultivation of oyster mushrooms are very few, and the necessary drying process for processing into feed is very expensive.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost substrate for plant seedling raising and cultivation using waste vinegar grains and a manufacturing method thereof.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

The substrate of the present invention is characterized in that it is a solid granule that is mixed with vinegar grains, nutrients, microorganisms and acidity regulators and then composted and fermented. The microorganisms are a mixture of liquid lactic acid homogenate, sulfur bacteria, yeast and cellulolytic bacteria. The nutrients refer to chicken manure, and the acidity regulator refers to fly ash.

Its manufacturing method is characterized in that: use the waste produced in the process of making vinegar—vinegar grains with a water content of about 70%, add a certain amount of liquid microorganisms, chicken manure and fly ash, and stir evenly; then cover with plastic cloth and other waterproof and thermal insulation materials for composting and fermentation. When the temperature in the central part of the heap reaches above 65°C, turn over the heap once and continue the heaping process; the heaping time is 30-40 days in summer and 45-55 days in winter, when the temperature in the heap basically drops to the same temperature as the outside, After the fermentation process is completed, the vinegar grain matrix is formed; the fermented vinegar grains can be used, and can also be crushed and dried according to needs, and then packaged to become a matrix product. Vinegar base can be used alone or in combination with other substances such as vermiculite.

Advantage and positive effect of the present invention:

(1) The fermentation production process of using vinegar grains as a substrate is simple and easy to operate.

(2) Turn waste into wealth, and the digestion of waste vinegar is large. With the rapid development of protected horticulture and plug seedling cultivation in my country, the market has a large demand for substrates, which can solve the environmental pollution caused by vinegar residues and save a lot of production costs for vinegar manufacturers.

(3) The cost of horticultural production is reduced, the output is increased, and the benefit is improved. The cost of the substrate produced by the process is more than 60% lower than that of peat, while the vegetable output is basically the same or increased, and the economic benefit is increased.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a simple flow chart of the production process of vinegar grains

Detailed ways

According to the process proposed in this study, the fermentation test of vinegar lees was carried out. Every 10 tons of ash was used, stirred evenly, covered with plastic cloth, and fermented. Use a temperature detector to measure the temperature change in the pile. When the temperature rises to 65°C, turn the pile once, then cover it with plastic cloth and continue to pile up. The implementation results show that the production process is practical and feasible, and the composting time needs 35 days from June to August, 45 days from October to November, and 55 days from December to January to complete the whole fermentation process.

The vinegar lees substrate fermented according to this method has been tested by many units in the suburbs of Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, and the effect is good. Compared with conventional rockwool or peat mixture substrates, vegetables grown on vinegar residue substrates emerged faster and grew better. For example, the results of experiments on cabbage in the Zhenjiang Tourism Economic Development Zone show that the growth rate, leaf area index and other indicators of the seedlings raised with vinegar grains, as well as the thickness, length, number of lateral roots, and average fresh weight of the root system per plant are all high. Compared with the control, the fresh weight of clean vegetables increased by 24.68% compared with the control. Yangzhong Lvyuan Grass Industry Co., Ltd. applied it to lawn cultivation, and it showed obvious results after 15 days. After 30 days, the fresh weight of a single plant increased by 1.90 grams, an increase of 3.5 times, and the plant height increased by 2.82 cm, an increase of 38%. The economic benefits were significantly improved.

Claims (7)

1. One kind poor with vinegar be the botanical seedling culturing of raw material and the matrix of cultivation usefulness, it is characterized in that: it by with vinegar poor Ensure Liquid material, microorganism species and acidity regulator, stirs evenly the solid granular thing of laggard windrow system fermentation for a kind of.
2. 2. according to claim 1 a kind of poor with vinegar be the botanical seedling culturing of raw material and the matrix of cultivation usefulness, it is characterized in that: microorganism be liquid lactic acid all, sulfuration bacterium, saccharomycete and fiber decompose actinomycetic mixture.
3. 3. a kind of being pickled with grains or in wine with vinegar according to claim 1 is the botanical seedling culturing of raw material and the matrix of cultivation usefulness, and it is characterized in that: nutriment is meant chicken manure.
4. 4. a kind of being pickled with grains or in wine with vinegar according to claim 1 is the botanical seedling culturing of raw material and the matrix of cultivation usefulness, and it is characterized in that: acidity regulator is meant flyash.
5. One kind poor with vinegar be the manufacture method of the matrix of the botanical seedling culturing of raw material and cultivation usefulness, it is characterized in that: the vinegar with water content about 70% is poor, adds microorganism species, chicken manure and flyash, stirs, and carries out fermentation reactor system; And covering water-proof heat-insulation material; When the temperature of heap core reaches more than 65 ℃, turn over once heap, continue composting then, make inside and outside fermentation evenly; Temperature in the heap is reduced to basic when identical with environmental temperature, and fermentation process finishes, and has formed the vinegar matrix that is pickled with grains or in wine; Vinegar by fermentation is poor, also can carry out drying as required or pulverize the back use.
6. 6. a kind of being pickled with grains or in wine with vinegar according to claim 5 is the botanical seedling culturing of raw material and the manufacture method of cultivating the matrix of usefulness, and it is characterized in that: the composting time is 30～40 days summers continuously, 45～55 days winters.
7. 7. a kind of being pickled with grains or in wine with vinegar according to claim 5 is the botanical seedling culturing of raw material and the manufacture method of cultivating the matrix of usefulness, and it is characterized in that: the vinegar after the fermentation is poor, also can be used with other base starting materials.