CN1317200C - 一种竖流式自动隔油沉淀装置 - Google Patents

一种竖流式自动隔油沉淀装置 Download PDF

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CN1317200C
CN1317200C CNB2005100866081A CN200510086608A CN1317200C CN 1317200 C CN1317200 C CN 1317200C CN B2005100866081 A CNB2005100866081 A CN B2005100866081A CN 200510086608 A CN200510086608 A CN 200510086608A CN 1317200 C CN1317200 C CN 1317200C
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CN1772638A (zh
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吴静
陆正禹
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

一种竖流式自动隔油沉淀装置，属于含油废水处理技术领域。本发明包括由分离区和泥斗组成的池体，进水管，中心导流筒，锥形反射板，出水管以及排泥管；在分离区内设有与中心导流筒同心的导流板，该导流板上部与分离区形状相同，其下部呈喇叭口状；在导流板内壁的上部设置出油堰，出油堰与出油管相接；在分离区内池体的内壁上部设置出水堰，出水堰与出水管相接；进水管与中心导流筒的上部连通。本发明无须任何机械装置就可以自动隔油，隔油效果好，运行稳定；废油的含水率较低，一般小于3%，可直接回收；同时可以去除废水中的固体悬浮物；结构简单，造价低，运行管理方便，维修少，适用于中、小水量的含油废水的除油处理和去除悬浮物。

Description

一种竖流式自动隔油沉淀装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种处理含油废水的自动隔油沉淀装置，属于含油废水处理技术领域。
背景技术
含油废水是一大类有机废水，主要包括油田、机械加工(如链条、机器零件加工)、机电加工(如冰箱、洗衣机制造等)和餐饮等行业产生的废水，具有有机物含量高和含油量高的特点，而有的含油废水还含大量表面活性物质，组分复杂，乳化程度高，可尘化性差，属于难处理废水。
一般地，对于含油废水的处理常需除油处理，常采用的方法有沉淀、吸附、过滤和气浮法。沉淀法与吸附、过滤和气浮法相比，投资少，装置结构简单，维护少，是最常用的除油方式。
沉淀法的常用装置为隔油池。为了有效的去除油脂，隔油池常装配机械刮吸油装置或撇油装置。这种装置能有效去除直径大于50微米的油滴，但也增加了投资和运行管理以及维修的工作量。它的另一个不足是被隔除的废油含水率仍然较高，对于废油的后续处理或再利用不利。隔油池一般以平流式为主。
对于小水量含油废水的隔油，带机械刮吸油装置或撇油装置的隔油池不适用。主要原因是对于小型污水厂而言，机械刮吸油装置或撇油装置造价较高，并且管理较复杂。国内大部分环保机械企业都不生产配套的装置。小型的隔油装置常常设置隔油口或吸附区，靠手工操作，除油率不高且运行不稳定，常常造成出水不达标。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有隔油装置的不足和缺陷，提出一种竖流式自动隔油沉淀装置，使该装置不须设置机械刮吸油装置或撇油装置就可以自动实现隔油，结构简单，造价低廉，运行管理和维修简单，而且隔出的废油含水率很低，可以直接回收。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种竖流式自动隔油沉淀装置，包括由分离区和泥斗组成的池体，进水管，设置在分离区上部的中心导流筒，中心导流筒底部的锥形反射板，出水管以及排泥管，其特征在于：在分离区内设有与中心导流筒同心的导流板，该导流板上部与分离区形状相同，其下部呈喇叭口状；在导流板内壁上部设置出油堰，出油堰与出油管相接；在分离区内池体的内壁上部设置出水堰，出水堰与出水管相接；所述的进水管与中心导流筒的上部连通。
本发明所述的反射板设置在中心导流筒底部0.3～0.5米处。所述的池体可以采用圆柱形或方柱形：
本发明具有以下优点及突出性效果：①无须任何机械装置就可以自动隔油，隔油效果好，运行稳定；②废油的含水率较低，一般小于3％，适用于处理中、小水量含油废水，可直接回收；③同时可以去除废水中的固体悬浮物；④结构简单，造价低；⑤运行管理方便，维修少。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的自动隔油沉淀装置的结构示意图。
图中：1-进水管；2-中心导流筒；3-反射板；4-导流板；5-出油堰；6-出水堰；7-出水管；8-出油管；9-排泥管；10-排泥阀；11-分离区；12-泥斗。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图进一步说明本发明的具体结构、工作过程及最佳实施方式。
本发明提供的竖流式自动隔油沉淀装置的结构如图1所示，该装置主要包括由分离区11和泥斗12组成的池体，进水管1，设置在分离区11上部的中心导流筒2，中心导流筒底部的锥形反射板3，出水管7，出油管8，排泥管9，导流板4，出油堰5以及出水堰6。导流板4设置在分离区11内，与中心导流筒同心布置，该导流板上部与分离区11的形状相同，其下部呈喇叭口状；出油堰5安装在导流板4内壁上部，即靠近中心导流筒的一侧，与出油管8相接；出水堰6设置在分离区内池体内壁上部，与出水管7相接；进水管1与中心导流筒2的上部连通。排泥管9沿池壁安装，设置在分离区11内靠近池壁处，直伸入池体最底部。锥形反射板3设置在中心导流筒2底部的0.3～0.5米处。所述的池体可以采用圆柱形或方柱形。
本发明的工作过程如下：进水通过进水管1由上部进入设置在池体上部的中心导流筒2中，在这里布水。在中心导流筒2底部0.3～0.5米处设置锥形反射板3，帮助布水均匀。废水经锥形反射板3后，向斜上方流动，与导流板4相遇后，沿导流板4向下流动，然后进入导流板4的外侧，被安装在分离区内11内壁上部的出水堰6收集，然后通过出水管7被排出池体。油类污染物在废水进入导流板4外侧前上浮，在导流板4的内壁上部形成油层。废油自动流入出油堰5，然后经出油管8排出池体。废水中的固体悬浮物沉淀进入泥斗12，由排泥管9和排泥阀10排出。

Claims (3)

1.一种自动隔油沉淀装置，包括由分离区(11)和泥斗(12)组成的池体，进水管(1)，设置在分离区(11)上部的中心导流筒(2)，中心导流筒底部的锥形反射板(3)，出水管(7)以及排泥管(9)，其特征在于：在分离区(11)内设有与中心导流筒同心的导流板(4)，该导流板上部与分离区(11)形状相同，其下部呈喇叭口状；在导流板(4)内壁的上部设置出油堰(5)，出油堰(5)与出油管(8)相接；在分离区内池体的内壁上部设置出水堰(6)，出水堰与出水管(7)相接；所述的进水管(1)与中心导流筒的上部连通。
2.按照权利要求1所述的自动隔油沉淀装置，其特征在于：所述的锥形反射板(3)设置在中心导流筒(2)底部0.3～0.5米处。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的自动隔油沉淀装置，其特征在于：所述的池体采用圆柱形或方柱形。
CNB2005100866081A 2005-10-14 2005-10-14 一种竖流式自动隔油沉淀装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1317200C (zh)

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