The cultivation method of hickory chick
The present invention relates to a kind of edible mushroom, particularly a kind of method of cultivating hickory chick.
Hickory chick is most precious in the world edible mushroom, belongs to senior nutrition, is wild in history, and output is few and very rarely seen.Before more than 100 years, states such as English, U.S., method just begin to seek artificial cultivation method, but make slow progress.United States Patent (USP) 4757640 discloses " cultivation of hickory chick ", has realized that the jar of hickory chick is planted, and can receive fruit body.But this method needs a large amount of expensive wheats to the severe gram of the ingredient requirement of the medium of a large amount of uses; And can only use small containers cultivations such as bottle, jar because of the external nutrition of need, the cultivation link of removing very complicateds such as nutrition, drainage, drying, can't realize the large-scale commercial cultivation.The applicant discloses a kind of method of cultivating hickory chick in 1993 with CN1095885A, it is with 90---plant organic matter of 95%, 5---10% soil, adding a spot of lime, gypsum, superphosphate etc. makes medium and realizes cultivating purpose, this technical scheme can reduce the cost of medium, so can realize the commercialization cultivation.But the plant organic matter ratio in the medium of this cultivation method is too high, causes the overnutrition in the cultivation process, and production cost is still higher; And covered crop straw or leaves of plants and the pathogenic bacteria pollution easily takes place: overwrite procedure also needs certain manpower, still can not adapt to the needs of large tracts of land commodity production.
The objective of the invention is to deficiency,, provide a kind of with low cost, can save manpower, reduce production costs the method for the cultivation hickory chick of improving the quality of products by improvement to nutrient media components and cultivation method at the prior art scheme.
The applicant is through for many years experimental study, invented a kind of new medium that is used to cultivate hickory chick, it is with 5---20% plant organic matter sneaks into 80---, and 95% earth makes medium, broadcast 10% bacterial classification into the medium total amount, through leveling, compacting, cover 2-3 centimetre of fine earth, temperature and humidity control is cultivated, but 2---fruiting was gathered in 3 months.For improving output, can in medium, add a spot of trace element; Also can after covering fine earth, cover leaves of plants or straw, film etc. again in order to preserving moisture; Moisture content in medium between the mycelium culture period remains on 60---80%, relative air humidity remain on 80---90%, CO in the air
2Concentration is no more than 3%; The general available quantity of trace element in this method is: KH
2PO
40.3%, M SO4 0.2%, VB1 0.00%; PH value is preferably 7.
Plant organic matter in the used medium of this method is generally corn core, corn straw, bagasse, cotton seed hull, straw, wheat straw, mountain cogongrass, rice bran, wheat bran, leaf of wood chip, sheet, slag or the straw kind of broad-leaved tree etc.Cultivate in the land for growing field crops, hillside fields, deserted mountain, orchard, forest land that this method can be in the open air, also can be in indoor growing; Outdoor planting plastic tunnel better effects if.
Owing to most ofly in the nutrient media components of this method be earth and a small amount of plant organic matter, thereby cost of material not only is significantly less than the technical scheme of the U.S., also is significantly less than the disclosed technical scheme of the applicant; Simultaneously also avoided overnutrition, can significantly reduce production costs, increase the yield per unit area; Can cover and to preserve moisture layer and can save manpower, also reduce the chance that pathogenic bacteria pollute, also can improve the quality of products.Can reach goal of the invention fully.
This method also can be described further by embodiment.
Embodiment 1: the weight of the earth of outdoor planting rough calculation cultivation place 3 cm thicks, and take by weighing plant organic matter by the consumption of earth 95% and plant organic matter 5%, sneak into bacterial classification after the sterilization, broadcast into the cultivation place, be covered with 3 centimetres of fine earths, ground surface is with PH 10---12 alkaline aqueous solution sprays, and covers plastic film, keeping moisture content in medium 80%, 60---can gather in the crops in 80 days.
Embodiment 2: plastic film is spread in the cultivation of indoor industrial layer frame on cultivating stand, the medium that makes with the plant organic matter of 80% earth and 20% thereon under aseptic condition is spread 1 centimetre, connect bacterial classification, cover 2 centimetres in table soil, keep moisture content in medium 60%, relative air humidity 90%, temperature 0---25 degrees centigrade to going out the bacterium results.
Embodiment 3: the plastic tunnel cultivation goes table mamoty in the canopy to about 5 centimetres; The weight of rough calculation 3 cm layer of soil, and take by weighing plant organic matter by earth 90% and plant organic matter 10%, after sterilization, sneak into bacterial classification, broadcast again in the cultivating soil of scalping table soil, cover fine earth then, temperature and humidity control is to going out the bacterium results.
Embodiments of the invention all can be implemented.The invention is not restricted to these embodiment.