CN1305363C - Equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables - Google Patents
Equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1305363C CN1305363C CNB2005100118080A CN200510011808A CN1305363C CN 1305363 C CN1305363 C CN 1305363C CN B2005100118080 A CNB2005100118080 A CN B2005100118080A CN 200510011808 A CN200510011808 A CN 200510011808A CN 1305363 C CN1305363 C CN 1305363C
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- fertilizer
- water
- air
- integrative
- equipment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The present invention relates to an integrative application device for fertilizers, water and air for facility vegetables, which comprises a fertilizer, water and air application system and a reaction system composed of a reactor with a charging hole, an acid storage barrel positioned at the upper part of the reactor, an acid charging hole and an acid charging pipeline connected with the reactor and the acid storage barrel. The present invention is characterized in that the fertilizer, water and air application system comprises an air supply part, a fertilizer storage and distribution part and an irrigation fertilization part, wherein the air supply part, the reaction system and the fertilizer storage and distribution part are connected orderly from top to bottom, and the irrigation fertilization part is connected with the fertilizer storage and distribution part. The device of the present invention is provided with the air supply part, the fertilizer storage and distribution part and the irrigation fertilization part simultaneously to make the facility vegetables fertilized with a CO2 air fertilizer, a liquid fertilizer and water by the device directly and simultaneously. The device not only can satisfy the application of the water and the air fertilizer for a winter greenhouse, but also can acetify soil, which is favorable for the growth of the vegetables. Simultaneously, the problems of greenhouse air supply with low cost, fertilizer and water distribution and application and the use of chemical waste liquid are solved, the fertilizer effect is enhanced, the waste is reduced, and the rhizosphere environment of the vegetables is improved obviously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of facilities vegetable fertilizer apparatus, particularly relate to a kind of rich water gas supply arrangement of greenhouse vegetable growing.
Background technology
Facilities vegetable is meant the vegetables of planting in covering protection devices such as greenhouse or booth.At present, its cultivation mainly contains substrate soiless cultivation, the soilless culture of rock wool nutrient solution and ecological organic soilless cultures such as traditional soil cultivation, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite.Irrigation method adopts furrow irrigation, drip irrigation more, topdresses then to adopt nutrient solution or manually impose solid-state fertilizer or dash mode such as execute, and replenishes carbonic acid gas during the winter survival in greenhouse and adopts steel cylinder method, firing method or chemical reaction method more, and there is following defective respectively in they:
1, traditional soil cultivation peasant often adopts to irrigate through furrow under big fertilizer of big flood or the film and carries out facilities vegetable production, not only the rich water amount of application causes the rich water waste greatly, and yield of vegetables quality in plantation back descends year after year, easily causes groundwater contamination, the soil salinization to harden simultaneously and soil-borne disease takes place frequently and is difficult to and utilizes.
2. substrate soiless cultivation such as rock wool adopts the nutrient solution pouring, and to prepare difficulty big because of the inclined to one side alkali of northern water, therefore need add in addition and execute CO
2Device, cost is higher, is unsuitable for large tracts of land and promotes.
3. solid-state topdressing such as chicken manure are adopted in the ecological organic soilless culture, amount of labour demanded is big, though the more traditional nutrient solution soilless culture of production cost reduces greatly, production cost is still higher, be unsuitable for industrialization production and vegetables main producing region large tracts of land and promote, and still need to join in addition CO
2Fertilization system.
4. chemical method is that general CO is used in present rural area
2Application process, owing to use the strong strong acid of corrosivity, liquid waste processing is difficult and lack of standardization, makes to use to be restricted.
Conventional fertilizer, water, gas application device all are that each self-separation is carried out, and the plantation family need be equipped with three kinds of equipment, uses trouble, and expense is big, and it is big to take up room.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of prior art, a kind of low cost is provided, highly versatile and simple and easy saving of labor's efficient equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables.
Equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables, comprise by the reactor with charge door, the storage acid bucket that is positioned at reactor top, acid-adding port and link to each other with reactor and storage acid bucket add reaction system and the rich water gas administration system of forming on the acid tube road, it is characterized in that rich water gas administration system comprises air feed part, fertilizer storing and compounding part and fertigation part, air feed part, reaction system and fertilizer storing and compounding part are connected up and down successively, and the fertigation part partly links to each other with fertilizer storing and compounding.
Described air feed partly is to be positioned at independent gas outlet that is provided with, reactor top or the gas outlet that unites two into one with charge door.
The acid-adding port of the gas outlet of described independent setting and reactor top storage acid bucket unites two into one, and is connected with between reactor and the storage acid bucket and is connected with the gas filtration pipeline, and an end of the gas filtration pipeline that links to each other with storage acid bucket is positioned at below the liquid level of storage acid bucket acid solution.
Described fertilizer storing and compounding partly comprises the fertile device of the storage that is positioned at below the reactor, stores fertile device and links to each other with reactor by pipeline.
Described fertigation partly reaches the irrigation pipeline of the belt switch that links to each other with described opening for the opening that is provided with on the fertile device of storage.
Described opening is the drain hole of the fertile device of storage bottom.
Described opening is joined fertile mouthful for often opening of storage fertile device top, described often open to join to be inserted with in fertile mouthful inhale fertile device.
The fertile device of described suction is that venturi is inhaled fertile device, pressure reduction inhales fertile device or small-sized electric is inhaled fertile pump, is connected with fertilzer sucking pipe on the fertile device of described suction, and links to each other with irrigation pipeline, and inhaling fertile port has screen pack.
Described irrigation pipeline comprises the rectilinear duct and the by-pass line of a belt switch, contains the small-caliber pipeline that one section band is taken in the bypass line, takes over by fertilzer sucking pipe to link to each other with the fertile device of suction.
Described pipeline is a triplate line, and triplate line is provided with the discharging opening that links to each other with irrigation pipeline.
Described greenhouse vegetable rich water gas integral application device, all device materials are the acid corrosion-resistant material.Preferred plastics.
Equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables of the present invention is to be provided with air feed part, fertilizer storing and compounding part, fertigation part in a device simultaneously, facilities vegetable is executed can directly be used CO simultaneously with this device
2Gas fertilizer, liquid fertilizer and water.The air feed part of this device can be by the gas outlet on the reactor or directly use with the double gas outlet of doing of charge door, and preferred mode is to be connected to the gas filtration pipeline on reactor, by storing the gas washing of acid bucket, obtains purer CO
2Gas enters by the gas outlet that joins with acid-adding port and realizes air feed in the greenhouse.The opening of storing on the fertile device can directly be emitted fertilizer with water is mixed into irrigation system in the fertile device of storage bottom, or by the fertile device of suction, fertilizer is sucked irrigation pipeline, enters irrigation system again.Store often opening on the fertile device join fertile mouthful can be in order to observing the situation of liquid fertilizer, and can join fertile mouthful by this as required and add other fertilizer, as potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, water etc.The port of inhaling fertile device has filter screen, avoids larger particles to enter the fertilzer sucking pipe blocking pipeline.Discharging opening on the triplate line can be used to detect the response situation of fertilizer, can partly be connected with fertigation simultaneously.
The present invention utilizes chemical reaction method to realize gas, rich water integrative.Charging aperture adds an amount of neutral salt carbonic hydroammonium, when fine day plant in the morning needs CO
2During gas fertilizer, the dilute sulfuric acid in the storage acid bucket or rare nitric acid enter reactor and the generation of carbonic hydroammonium generation chemical reaction wherein CO by gauge tap
2Flow to the hothouse plants canopy for its growth through acid-adding port, and when plant needs fertigation, the ammonium sulfate and the unreacted that the reaction back can be generated enter irrigation pipeline by inhaling fertile device behind carbonic hydroammonium, the diluted acid thin up completely, also can add other dissolved fertilizer in addition and enter irrigation pipeline, when pouring water, provide nutrient to plant by inhaling fertile device.Because northern underground water is alkalescence, utilize the spent acid neutralizing effect in the fertilizer also can alleviate the rising of the salinization of soil and soil pH more in addition, thereby not only satisfy using of aqueous vapor fertilizer in the winter greenhouse booth, also acidificable soil helps vegetable growth.Its environment protection significance is also very big, and the one, solve the discarded liquid of greenhouse low cost air feed and chemical method and utilize problem, the 2nd, can solve the low-cost rich water of vegetables and join the problem of executing, improved fertilizer efficiency, reduce waste, and improved the vegetables rhizospheric environment significantly.Its major advantage is as follows:
1. both be applicable to the cultivation fruit vegetables, and, can have cultivated west, muskmelon, strawberry etc. again and make it obtain high yield as tomato, pimento, cucumber, eggplant etc.
2. easy operating, raw material sources are easy, and production cost is low, does not produce any bazardous waste, meets the needs of the environmental protection and the ecological agriculture;
3. adopt rich water gas integral device, can supply water, supply fertilizer, air feed as required or supply rich water raising rich water availability and fertilizer efficiency simultaneously, water saving joint fertilizer efficiency is really remarkable;
4. the day-light greenhouse overwintering cultivation that is suitable for China's actual conditions is used, also can be applicable to large-scale attached-greenhouse and spring and autumn booth, can in time provide water, fertilizer, gas, and it is effective to save labor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables schematic diagram
Each label lists as follows among the figure:
1, reactor, 2, charge door, 3, reinforced flap, 4, add the acid tube road, 5, storage acid bucket, 6, switch, 7, acid-adding port, 8, the gas outlet, 9, gas filtration pipeline, 10, join fertile mouthful, 11, inhale fertile device, 12, filter screen, 13, store fertile device, 14, straight-through pipeline, 15, bypass line, 16, discharging opening, 17, triple valve, 18, triplate line, 19, fertilzer sucking pipe, 20, take over.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables schematic diagram.Equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables, comprise reaction system and the rich water gas administration system of forming on acid tube road 4 that add by the reactor 1 with charge door 2, storage acid bucket 5, acid-adding port 7 and coupled reaction device 1 and storage acid bucket 5, rich water gas administration system comprises air feed part, fertilizer storing and compounding part and fertigation part, air feed part, reaction system and fertilizer storing and compounding part are connected up and down successively, and the fertigation part partly links to each other with fertilizer storing and compounding.
Air feed partly is to be positioned at reactor 1 top and storage acid bucket 5 gas filtration pipelines 9 that are connected and the gas outlet 8 that links to each other with acid-adding port 7.
Fertilizer storing and compounding partly comprises the fertile device 13 of storage that is positioned at below the reactor 1, stores fertile device 13 and links to each other with reactor 1 by the triplate line 18 that has discharging opening 16.
Fertigation partly comprises the fertile device 11 of the suction of storage fertile device 13 bottoms and is positioned at often opening on the fertile device 13 of storage joins fertile mouthful 10, and inhaling on the fertile port of suction of fertile device has filter screen 12, inhales fertile device 11 and joins by fertilzer sucking pipe 19 and irrigation pipeline.
Irrigation pipeline comprises the rectilinear duct 14 and the by-pass line 15 of a belt switch 6, contains one section band in the bypass line 15 and takes over 20 small-caliber pipeline, and adapter 20 links to each other with the fertile device 11 of suction by fertilzer sucking pipe 19.
Air feed part can also be the gas outlet of specific installation on the reactor or unite two into one with charge door.
Fertile device of the suction of fertilizer storing and compounding part and fertilzer sucking pipe can be used the opening in the fertile device of storage bottom instead, directly link to each other with the irrigation part.Three-way pipe top discharge mouth can also directly be communicated with the irrigation part except that the response situation that detects liquid fertilizer.
Equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables is added on carbonic hydroammonium in the reactor 1 by charge door 2, adds dilute sulfuric acid in storage acid bucket 5, with CO by acid-adding port 7
2 Gas outlet 8 is threaded with acid-adding port 7, covers at charge door 2 and adds a cover flap 3, seals tight.Open the switch 6 that adds on the acid tube road 4, drip sulfuric acid and go in the reactor 1, sulfuric acid and carbonic hydroammonium react, and generate CO
2Gas, CO
2Gas enters by gas filtration pipeline 9 in the acid solution of storage acid bucket 5, with alkaline impurities gases such as ammonias after sulfuric acid liquid absorbs, purer CO
28 enter the greenhouse through the gas outlet, realize the air feed function.
Because what drip is dilute sulfuric acid, reaction itself also generates water, the ammonium sulfate that generates in the reactor and the carbonic hydroammonium of dissolving form solution, regulate triple valve 17, allowing solution pass through triplate line 18 flows in the fertile device 13 of storage, the discharging opening 16 that links to each other with triple valve 17 can be used as sample tap, and the pH value that detects liquid fertilizer is to determine the extent of reaction.Store often opening of fertile device top and join fertile mouthful 10, can observe liquid level height and how many situations of liquid fertilizer, and can add other fertilizer or thin up as required, as potash fertilizer, composite fertilizer or natural pond liquid etc.An end of inhaling fertile device 11 is inserted in the liquid fertilizer, and the other end is connected on the clear water bypass line 15.Close the switch 6 on the straight-through pipeline 14 of clear water, allow clear water flow through, because the caliber part of bypass line dwindles suddenly from bypass line 15, flow velocity strengthens, and produces negative pressure, inhales fertile device 11 and liquid fertilizer is sucked bypass line 15 mixes with clear water, enter external irrigation system, realization is fertile, water is used function.The fertile port of suction of inhaling fertile device has screen pack 12, prevents from the liquid fertilizer that larger particles enters to inhale in the fertile device and blocking pipeline.Use drip irrigation not only to guarantee even supply fertile, water, and be convenient to control and save labor.For reducing cost, irrigation system can be selected the homemade tubular type of backwater cheaply thin-walled drip irrigation system or other drip irrigation system for use.
During equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables of the present invention is raw materials used strong acid is arranged, equipment and materials is the acid corrosion-resistant material, as organic plastics, glass, pottery etc., and plastics preferably, not only economy but also durable also light.
According to the needs of greenhouse size, variety classes vegetables, select control on suitable opportunity to add the acid amount and determine that the CO2 that enriches reaches required concentration, generally discharge during 8-9 in winter, the fine morning in spring, make greenhouse CO
2Concentration reaches 800-1000ppm and gets final product, and reactant liquor can be store in the fertile device of storage, dispensing when needed.The present invention can also realize using gas, fertilizer, water simultaneously.
Adopting this method can be widely used in fruit and vegetable such as cultivating facility tomato, pimento, cucumber, muskmelon has saving of labor's water-saving, economizes fertile and promotes effects such as high yield and nutritional quality raising.
Claims (10)
1, equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables, comprise by the reactor with charge door, the storage acid bucket that is positioned at reactor top, acid-adding port and link to each other with reactor and storage acid bucket add reaction system and the rich water gas administration system of forming on the acid tube road, it is characterized in that rich water gas administration system comprises air feed part, fertilizer storing and compounding part and fertigation part, air feed part, reaction system and fertilizer storing and compounding part are connected up and down successively, irrigate part and partly link to each other with fertilizer storing and compounding.
2, equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables according to claim 1, described air feed partly are to be positioned at independent gas outlet that is provided with, reactor top or the gas outlet that unites two into one with charge door.
3, equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables according to claim 2, the acid-adding port of the gas outlet of described independent setting and reactor top storage acid bucket unites two into one, be connected with the gas filtration pipeline between reactor and the storage acid bucket, an end of the gas filtration pipeline that links to each other with storage acid bucket is positioned at below the liquid level of storage acid bucket acid solution.
4, equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables according to claim 1, described fertilizer storing and compounding partly comprise the fertile device of the storage that is positioned at below the reactor, store fertile device and link to each other with reactor by pipeline.
5, equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables according to claim 1, described fertigation partly reach the irrigation pipeline of the belt switch that links to each other with described opening for the opening that is provided with on the fertile device of storage.
6, equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables according to claim 5, described opening are also for storing the drain hole of fertile device bottom.
7, equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables according to claim 5, described opening is joined fertile mouthful for often opening of storage fertile device top, described often open to join to be inserted with in fertile mouthful inhale fertile device.
8, equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables according to claim 7, the fertile device of described suction is that venturi is inhaled fertile device, pressure reduction inhales fertile device or small-sized electric is inhaled fertile pump, be connected with fertilzer sucking pipe on the fertile device of described suction, and link to each other with irrigation pipeline, inhaling fertile port has screen pack.
9, equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables according to claim 5, described irrigation pipeline comprises the rectilinear duct and the by-pass line of a belt switch, contain the small-caliber pipeline that one section band is taken in the bypass line, adapter links to each other with the fertile device of suction by fertilzer sucking pipe.
10, equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables according to claim 4, described pipeline are triplate line, and triplate line is provided with the discharging opening that links to each other with irrigation pipeline.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100118080A CN1305363C (en) | 2005-05-27 | 2005-05-27 | Equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100118080A CN1305363C (en) | 2005-05-27 | 2005-05-27 | Equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1695418A CN1695418A (en) | 2005-11-16 |
| CN1305363C true CN1305363C (en) | 2007-03-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100118080A Expired - Fee Related CN1305363C (en) | 2005-05-27 | 2005-05-27 | Equipment of integrative using fertilizer, water and air for facility vegetables |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102138448A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-08-03 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for applying carbon dioxide by use of farmland micro-irrigation system |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103563534B (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2016-05-11 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Greenhouse cucumber rich water gas integral application process |
| CN103583272B (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2016-04-20 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Greenhouse tomato bears fruit rich water gas integral application process picking time |
| CN103636342A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-19 | 苏州科大微龙信息技术有限公司 | Intelligent agriculture liquid-gas nutrient solution blending and irrigation equipment |
| CN103621355A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-03-12 | 济南安信农业科技有限公司 | Greenhouse seedling culturing, irrigating and fertilizing integrated system |
| CN104025950B (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2018-02-02 | 张家港市永联菜篮农业专业合作社 | A kind of warmhouse booth |
| CN104854993A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-26 | 李谟军 | Machine for automatic irrigation and acid adjustment |
| CN105875002A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Biogas slurry, water and fertilizer integrated safe application method for protected cucumbers |
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| CN2309695Y (en) * | 1997-10-29 | 1999-03-10 | 何裕华 | Multi-function Combined type fertilizer-applying machine |
| CN1258963A (en) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-05 | 日本精密电路株式会社 | Phaselocked loop circuit |
| CN2540735Y (en) * | 2002-04-06 | 2003-03-26 | 孙笑英 | Pressure-difference sucking-in spraying fertilizer applicator |
| CN2599909Y (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-01-21 | 西安三裕水电设备有限公司 | Multifunction hydraulic water and fertilizer combined micro-irrigation control device |
-
2005
- 2005-05-27 CN CNB2005100118080A patent/CN1305363C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2309695Y (en) * | 1997-10-29 | 1999-03-10 | 何裕华 | Multi-function Combined type fertilizer-applying machine |
| CN1258963A (en) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-05 | 日本精密电路株式会社 | Phaselocked loop circuit |
| CN2540735Y (en) * | 2002-04-06 | 2003-03-26 | 孙笑英 | Pressure-difference sucking-in spraying fertilizer applicator |
| CN2599909Y (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2004-01-21 | 西安三裕水电设备有限公司 | Multifunction hydraulic water and fertilizer combined micro-irrigation control device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102138448A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-08-03 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Method for applying carbon dioxide by use of farmland micro-irrigation system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1695418A (en) | 2005-11-16 |
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