CN1277489A

CN1277489A - Contact semiconductor capacitor pulse heat transfer device

Info

Publication number: CN1277489A
Application number: CN 99125649
Authority: CN
Inventors: 石运达; 张金锋; 石钟艳
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1999-12-24
Filing date: 1999-12-24
Publication date: 2000-12-20

Abstract

The present invention discloses one heat transfer system operating on the charge and discharge of semiconductor. Tunnel diode is utilized to excite and charge two capacitors of highly doped P-type and N-type semiconductors. Two capacitors are connected to a resistive wire separately via two sets of two electronic switches. By means of the repeated on and off of the switches, the capacitors are made to charge, absorb heat from bodies at normal temperature and convert the heat into electric energy and to discharge and produce high-temperature heat energy in the resistive wire alternately. In this way, heat is transferred from a body at low temperature to a body at high temperature.

Description

Contact semiconductor capacitor pulse heat transfer device

The present invention relates to the system that a kind of solid body utilizes electronics to conduct heat.The present invention over the past thousands of years in the past, people for obtain to produce and life in necessary energy, always seek all flammable things by fair means or foul.Disafforestation, burning straw, excavation grass roots, the result causes soil erosion, desertification of land, river inundation, channel aggradation, biological environment to be seriously damaged.Since the industrial revolution, coal begins to widely apply, and the exploitation of coal will be arrived in the dark mine of underground hundreds of rice and be excavated, and needs a large amount of mine timbers to make pillar.The exploitation fossil fuel is cut down as the basis with a large amount of forests again.Mine gas explosion often threatens workman's life again in addition.Annual more than 10 hundred million tons of Coal Transport very big proportion of railway, highway transport volume that accounted for, the storage of the coal tract that accounted for, atmosphere has been polluted in the use of coal again, causes acid rain to endanger forest, pasture, farmland and building again.The production ratio coal of oil is easy, but also wants km in the drilling well.The leakage of oil of oil carrier will be polluted large stretch of sea, and emission of automobile wastes is brought great worry to the city dweller.Just to the heat energy of obtaining a little, unexpectedly at short notice, the Nature is committed to the flames with the organic substance of accumulation in several ten million years.This is not human glory, but human humiliation.Be performance incompetent in people's brains, because people seek the power source of development in the contradiction internally, so just arrive the inside of atom, the atomic structure of destroying material discharges atomic energy; Geologic structure is destroyed in depths to the earth, removes to seek fossil fuel, and the result of chemical energy source consumption is that the chemical constitution of having destroyed material has obtained heat energy, has temporarily satisfied needs at the moment.The science and technology of the profound credit twentieth century of people has but been covered selfish and shameless.Because the energy is consumed without limit, has upset the normal circulation of atmosphere, has changed the chemical analysis of atmospheric strument, causes greenhouse effect, environment that material progress is brought and air pollution are died out many species rapidly, and are also injured self.In a word people for obtain the energy be with self heavy work be cost to destroy the energy utilization patterns of environment, only eye stare at sea with the desert in oil, but can't see the beneath energy of own nose.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of semiconductor equipment, the heat of application electric technology conduction normal temperature object is used.

Metal is the good conductor of electricity, is again the good conductor of heat.Metal has the premium properties of conduction and heat conduction, mainly is because it exists free electron and is transmitting energy.Semiconductor has the identical one side of metal, has free electron and energy is transmitted as charge carrier in the hole.Metallic conductor can be made into capacitor, and semiconductor also can be made capacitor, and semiconductor capacitor is similar with the metal plate capacitor.Intermetallic contact potential difference is the chemical property decision by the kind of metal, and the contact potential difference between semiconductor is by the quantity decision of mixing impurity in the semiconductor.

The intersection of P type semiconductor and N type semiconductor is a PN junction, has internal electric field.PN junction has unilateral conduction, oppositely has electric capacity.Since PN junction has unilateral conduction, does the what use is made of unilateral conduction realize one-way heat conduction? this will utilize the electric capacity of PN junction, but the PN junction capacitance is less, in order to increase transfer power, two PN junctions can be connected with two semiconductor capacitors respectively, because PN junction has two capacitors that potential difference links to each other with it the electric charge transfer will take place, be in charged state.Because not having extraneous power supply energize, the source of current energy to have only from the heat of object on every side is transformed.When connecting with the two poles of the earth of the two ends of a resistance wire and semiconductor capacitor X, according to the electric principle of contact, the two-plate of semiconductor capacitor Y is in the two ends of concatermer, still with original electric charge.Semiconductor capacitor X is in the centre of concatermer, and electric charge will neutralize, and electric energy will be converted into heat energy on resistance wire R.When the two-plate of the two ends of resistance R and capacitor X disconnected, capacitor X had recovered original electriferous state again.When the two-plate of the two ends of resistance R and semiconductor capacitor Y was connected, the two-plate of semiconductor capacitor X was in the two ends of concatermer, still with original electric charge.Semiconductor capacitor Y is in the centre of concatermer, and electric charge will neutralize, and electric energy will be converted into heat energy on resistance R.When the pole plate of the two ends of resistance R and capacitor Y disconnected, capacitor Y recovered original electriferous state again.In a word, in resistance R and semiconductor capacitor X and Y continuous contacted process with disconnection, charging and discharge process constantly took place in capacitor.Capacitor will absorb heat and be converted into electric energy during charging, will neutralize on resistance R during discharge, and electric energy is converted into heat energy.As long as process constantly takes place, just constantly absorb heat is converted into electric energy to capacitor as a result, emits heat and get more and more on resistance R, and temperature will be more and more higher.PN junction under the effect of electric field, has the unilateal conduction performance outside; Under the internal electric field effect of oneself, has one-way heat conduction.Internal contradictions are the power of development, and internal electric field can cause outside variation.

The present invention is in the open circuit conductor, and the charge and discharge effect of applying electronic switch control semiconductor capacitor is disequilibrated.Semiconductor capacitor absorbs energy from the normal temperature object when charging, emit energy during discharge on resistance wire.Under the condition that qualitative change takes place, heat can be delivered to high temp objects from cryogenic object and get on, and also can obtain to be lower than the temperature of normal temperature object.Utilize electron motion to want cold just cold, just heat of heat, do not have chemical reaction and nuclear reaction, thus do not have cigarette, not flavor, useless quarrel, do not have level radioactive nuclear waste, environment is not polluted, refrigeration can not damage the ozone layer without freon.No matter the heat energy of normal temperature object is high mountain or benthos, grows on trees, so the hole that need not mine for coal need not make hole, need not transport, need not store, quantity is innumerable, with what what are arranged, till can using the sun and extinguishing, because its energy is just from the sun.From the aspect of raw material, the used raw material of product is based on silicon, and the content of silicon in the earth's crust is only second to oxygen, accounts for second.All contain silicon in stone, sand, the loess.Raw material content is extremely wide, and product itself is a kind of energy conversion, the heat of normal temperature object can be converted to electric energy and high temperature heat, so is the own condition of having created that develops of product.

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

The P utmost point of Fig. 1, PN junction a is tied mutually with the P utmost point of semiconductor capacitor X, and the N utmost point of capacitor X is tied mutually with the N utmost point of another PN junction b, and the P utmost point of PN junction b is tied mutually with the P utmost point of semiconductor capacitor Y, and the N utmost point of capacitor Y is tied mutually with the N utmost point of PN junction a.Be connected to K switch 1 between the P utmost point of capacitor X and the E of the resistance wire R end, be connected to K switch 2 between the F end of its N utmost point and resistance wire R.Be connected to K switch 3 between the P utmost point of capacitor Y and the F of the resistance wire R end, connect K switch 4 between the E end of its N utmost point and resistance wire R.Because PN junction has internal electric field, the semiconductor capacitor X and the Y that are connected with it are in charged state.The P of capacitor is extremely electronegative, N utmost point positively charged.

Fig. 2, while off switch K1 and K2, according to the electric principle of contact, the two-plate of capacitor Y is in the two ends of concatermer, still with original electric charge.The two-plate of capacitor X is in the centre of concatermer by the resistance R short circuit, during electric charge will discharge and be converted into heat energy on resistance R.

Fig. 3 opens K switch 1 and K2 simultaneously, and capacitor X becomes the open circuit conductor again, recovers its original electriferous state, takes place by the electron stream of N to P in the circuit.

Fig. 4, while off switch K3, K4, according to the electric principle of contact, the two poles of the earth of capacitor X are in the two ends of concatermer, still with original electric charge.The two-plate of capacitor Y is in the centre of concatermer by the resistance R short circuit, and the electric charge neutralization of will discharging is converted into heat energy on resistance R.

Fig. 5 opens K switch 3 and K4 simultaneously, and capacitor Y becomes the open circuit conductor again, takes place by the electron stream of N to P in the circuit, and capacitor Y recovers its original electriferous state again.

According to above-mentioned principle, regular tap can be changed electronic switch in force, general-purpose diode is changed tunnel diode.As shown in Figure 6, the P utmost point of the positive pole of tunnel diode a and semiconductor capacitor X joins, the negative pole of the N utmost point of capacitor X and another tunnel diode b joins, and the P utmost point of the positive pole of tunnel diode b and semiconductor capacitor Y joins, and the N utmost point of capacitor Y and the negative pole of tunnel diode a join.Be connected to electronic switch KD1 between the P utmost point of capacitor X and the E of the resistance wire R end, be connected to electronic switch KD2 between the N utmost point of capacitor X and the F of the resistance wire R end, be connected to electronic switch KD3 between the P utmost point of capacitor Y and the F of the resistance wire R end, be connected to electronic switch KD4 between the N utmost point of capacitor Y and the E of the resistance wire R end.Because the PN junction in the tunnel diode is extremely thin, has very strong internal electric field, the pole plate of the semiconductor capacitor that links to each other with it all is a high doping semiconductor, so two capacitors have higher touch voltage when charging.The P of capacitor X is extremely electronegative, N utmost point positively charged; The N utmost point positively charged of capacitor Y, P is extremely electronegative.With the conducting and the shutoff of energizing circuit control electronic switch, the program of control is conducting electronic switch KD1 and KD2, shutoff then simultaneously; Conducting electronic switch KD3 and KD4, shutoff then simultaneously again.Move in circles thus, semiconductor capacitor X and Y be alternately charging and discharge constantly.Absorb the heat of normal temperature object during charging, the temperature of capacitor reduces; Emit heat during discharge on resistance wire, temperature will raise.Break the balance of temperature, heat energy is passed to high temp objects from cryogenic object get on.In actual applications, many capacitors in series can be got up, to improve voltage and power.

Under general condition the heat of high temp objects can pass to cryogenic object and gets on, and gets on but heat can not pass to high temp objects from cryogenic object.Have the different object of temperature the trend of eliminating the temperature difference is arranged, the object that reaches hygral equilibrium but can not disequilibrate voluntarily.This reason the Peking man all know, they come warm oneself health with fire in practice.The present invention will resist mutually with most of people's traditional concept.The present invention is according to the basic principle of the materialist dialectics: homogeneity inside is comprising distinctiveness.Under same temperature, different metal has different work functions, and same dissimilar semi-conductive work functions is also inequality.The work function of N type semiconductor is littler than metal, and the work function of P type semiconductor is bigger than metal, so dissimilar semi-conductive contact potential differences are bigger than the contact potential difference of metal.Contact potential difference is that internal electric field causes, external electric field can excite continuous electric current, but internal electric field can not cause continuous electric current in circuit.Utilize the energy of electric field, can guide internal electric field the charging of into external excitation capacitor by series capacitor, and then make the capacitor discharge.Heat energy with the normal temperature object during semiconductor capacitor charging is converted into electric energy, during discharge electric energy is converted into high temperature heat.Under normal condition, can not pass to high temp objects to heat energy from cryogenic object, heat balance can not be broken voluntarily, but under the situation that has qualitative change to take place, can break heat balance voluntarily, also can pass to high temp objects to heat from cryogenic object and get on.The mistake of the Clausius' statement of the second law of thermodynamics, just be its there not being the thermal property of qualitative change, exaggerate certain aspects of to definitely: all can not pass to high temp objects to heat from cryogenic object with any complexity and zigzaggery and get on not cause other variation.This is that first of development negated, and along with course of history, it is become the yoke of development gradually by the form of development, and it will be broken.The present invention is exactly the negative of the second law of thermodynamics, i.e. the inevitable outcome of the process of whole development-negative negates that Chinese people will oneself create the history of oneself in science and technology field.

Claims

1, a kind of heat transfer system that contacts and form with dissimilar semiconductors, heat energy is passed to another part from a part, it is characterized in that: the P utmost point of the positive pole of tunnel diode a and semiconductor capacitor X joins, the N utmost point of capacitor X links to each other with the negative pole of another tunnel diode b, the P level of the positive pole of tunnel diode b and semiconductor capacitor Y is joined, the N utmost point of capacitor Y and the negative pole of tunnel diode a join, be connected to electronic switch KD1 between the P utmost point of capacitor X and the E of the resistance wire R end, be connected to electronic switch KD2 between the N utmost point of capacitor X and the F of the resistance wire R end, be connected to electronic switch KD3 between the P utmost point of capacitor Y and the F of the resistance wire R end, be connected to electronic switch KD4 between the N utmost point of capacitor Y and the resistance wire, the program of control is while conducting electronic switch KD1 and KD2, turn-off then, simultaneously conducting electronic switch KD3 and KD4 again, turn-off then, move in circles, semiconductor capacitor X and Y be charging and discharge alternately, absorb the heat of normal temperature object during charging, the temperature of capacitor reduces, on resistance wire, emit heat during discharge, temperature raises, and breaks thermal equilibrium state, heat is passed to high temp objects from cryogenic object get on and do not cause other variations.