CN1269774C - Nano urea and its preparing process - Google Patents
Nano urea and its preparing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1269774C CN1269774C CNB031422756A CN03142275A CN1269774C CN 1269774 C CN1269774 C CN 1269774C CN B031422756 A CNB031422756 A CN B031422756A CN 03142275 A CN03142275 A CN 03142275A CN 1269774 C CN1269774 C CN 1269774C
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- Prior art keywords
- urea
- ammonium
- plant nutrient
- nitrogen
- nitrogen plant
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Abstract
The present invention provides a nano urea and a preparation method thereof. The nano urea comprises the following components and contents (wt%): 0.01 to 5 wt% of quinhydrone, 0.01 to 10 wt% of calcium cyanamide and 85 to 99.98 wt% of urea or also comprises micro non-nitrogen plant nutrients or micro non-nitrogen plant nutrients and micro nitrogen containing compounds. The preparation method of the nano urea comprises two steps, urea quinhydrone mixed liquor is firstly prepared, and then, the obtained mixed liquor is sprayed onto calcium cyanamide granules to form the nano urea. The nano urea can delay urea hydrolyzation, improve an NH4+ quantity in an adsorption state in soil, inhibit NH4+ oxidation, reduce NH3 volatilization and N2O and CH4 discharge, and increase the nitrogen adsorbing quantity of crops, and thereby, a crop yield is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chemical fertilizer, relate in particular to a kind of urea and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Urea is present widely used chemical fertilizer.The molecular formula of urea is CO (NH
2)
2, when the urea as fertilizer sources uses, in soil, be hydrolyzed into NH earlier
3And NH
4 +, the two reaches balance.As competent O
2The time, NH then
4 +Easily by nitrated one-tenth nitrite nitrogen NO
3 -, hydrolysis of urea can make the pH value in the soil rise simultaneously, thereby makes NH
3More volatile.Formed nitrite nitrogen causes the urea gaseous losses of nitrogen by denitrification and underground water is caused the pollution of nitrite.
The hydrolysis rate of urea in soil depends primarily on the effect power of microorganism species such as the urase that is present in the soil and nitrobacteria.Under the suitable situation of conditions such as temperature and pH value, the effect of urase and microorganism species is just strong, and urea decomposition becomes NH
3, NH
4 +, NO
2 -And NO
3 -Also just fast, and NH
4 +And NO
3 -Plant is needed just, if decompose too fastly, then can not fully be absorbed by plant, and last part easily changes into NH
3, NO
2 -And volatilization loss, or runoff loss.Therefore, the activity of selecting suitable urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor to control microorganism species such as urase and nitrobacteria can reach the speed of effectively slowing down hydrolysis of urea, makes the extension of validity of urea in soil, reduce and run off and pollution, improve the urea utilization ratio and reach 30-40%.
Studies show that urease inhibitors quinhydrones (HQ) is delaying hydrolysis of urea, reducing NH
3Effect in the volatilization loss is significant, and still, the action time of quinhydrones is shorter, and is subjected to the influence of factors such as environment, soil, and it only produces inhibition to the hydrolysis of urea, and hydrolysis of urea is become NH
3, NH
4 +After nitrification and denitrification effect and uncorrelated.
Research also shows calcium cyanamide (CaCN
2Claim lime nitrogen again) can effectively suppress the nitrification and denitrification effect of microorganism species such as nitrobacteria, and then reach in the later stage and slow down urea decomposition speed, reduce generating nitrate and nitrite (carcinogens), thereby reduce the loss of urea in soil, make more ammonium nitrogen NH
4 +Can be trapped in the soil long period.Calcium cyanamide is a kind of nitrification inhibitor.Simultaneously because the effect of calcium, can strong crop and fruit, and prevent that soil block is rotten.Experiment shows that also the urea that contains calcium cyanamide will lack 1/4th to the damage ratio common urea of soil and water.
As from the foregoing, the combination of urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitor is effective bio-chemical pathway of regulating urea-N transformation.By research, prove that urease inhibitors quinhydrones and nitrification inhibitor calcium cyanamide can delay the ADSORPTION STATE NH in hydrolysis of urea, the raising soil to blood urea nitrogen path for transformation and soil enzymology regulation and control in soil
4 +Amount, inhibition NH
4 +Oxidation, minimizing NH
3Volatilization and greenhouse gases N
2O and CH
4Airborne release, and can increase the nitrogen adsorptive capacity of crop, and then improve the output of crop.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is can improve the fertilizer efficiency of urea greatly and reduce urea of its pollution and preparation method thereof in order to provide a kind of.
The technical measures that the present invention taked are: a kind of urea, this urea comprise following component and content (weight %): quinhydrones 0.01-5%, calcium cyanamide 0.01-10%, urea 85-99.98%; Wherein, described urea comprises core and shell, and core comprises calcium cyanamide, and shell comprises urea and quinhydrones.
Above-mentioned urea wherein, also comprises at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient.
Above-mentioned urea wherein, also comprises at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient and at least a nitrogenous compound.
Above-mentioned urea, wherein, described non-nitrogen plant nutrient is selected from the lyotropic salt of potassium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, boron, magnesium, molybdenum or sulphur and their mixture.
Above-mentioned urea, wherein, described nitrogenous compound is selected from ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate calcium, single ammonium phosphate, ammonium citrate, bis phosphoric acid ammonium and their mixture.
A kind of above-mentioned preparation method of urea, this method may further comprise the steps:
A, the fusing urea that drops into 85-99.98% (weight) in container or suitable concentrated urine add quinhydrones 0.01-5% (weight) then, stir, and get urea quinhydrones mixed solution;
Temperature in B, the control container is between 50-250 ℃, and pressure sprays to steps A gained mixed solution on the calcium cyanamide particle of 0.01-10% (weight) between 0.1-8Mpa, forms urea.
Above-mentioned preparation method of urea, wherein, described calcium cyanamide particulate diameter is between 0.1 millimeter to 2 millimeters.
Above-mentioned preparation method of urea wherein, in described steps A, also adds at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient or at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient and at least a nitrogenous compound in fusing urea or suitable concentrated urine; Described non-nitrogen plant nutrient is selected from the lyotropic salt of potassium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, boron, magnesium, molybdenum or sulphur and their mixture; Described nitrogenous compound is selected from ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate calcium, single ammonium phosphate, ammonium citrate, bis phosphoric acid ammonium and their mixture.
Above-mentioned preparation method of urea, wherein, described quinhydrones, calcium cyanamide and urea intimate mixing.
Urea of the present invention can delay hydrolysis of urea, improve the ADSORPTION STATE NH in the soil owing to used urease inhibitors quinhydrones and nitrification inhibitor calcium cyanamide in its prescription
4 +Amount, inhibition NH
4 +Oxidation, minimizing NH
3Volatilization and N
2O and CH
4Discharging, and can increase the nitrogen adsorptive capacity of crop, thereby improve the output of farm crop.Experiment showed, that under situation about not raining urase stops sustainable 7 days of urea evaporable effect.Hydrolysis delay to have stoped the rapid conversion of urea molecule to ammonia; Calcium cyanamide has further slowed down the conversion of ammonium ion to nitrite and nitrate.This makes more stable ammonium nitrogen can continue the longer time, and ammonium nitrogen is the necessary important nutrients of plant-growth, behind the urea interpolation special component, has reduced the loss that brings owing to loss and denitrification.Facts have proved that urea is the novel particle urea with higher nitrogen use efficiency, its nitrogen content is not less than 46%, and its distinctive constituent structure makes it to improve the utilization ratio of nitrogen.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
In container, drop into the fusing urea of 99.98% (weight) or suitable concentrated urine, add quinhydrones 0.01% (weight) (adding at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient or at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient and at least a nitrogenous compound in case of necessity) then, stir, make urea quinhydrones mixed solution.Temperature in the control container is between 50-250 ℃, pressure is between 0.1-8Mpa, above-mentioned mixed solution is sprayed on the calcium cyanamide particle of 0.01-10% (weight), on the calcium cyanamide particle, generate the nanoparticle composite membrane of fan's battle array shape, the calcium cyanamide particle is embedded in the film, promptly gets urea of the present invention.Compare with using pure urea, under same fertilizer application condition, use the urea of present embodiment can make gined cotton volume increase 15.47%, see Table 1.
Table 1
| Applying fertilizer | Lint yield (kg/ha) | Volume increase (%) |
| Urea | 107.57 | - |
| Urea | 124.22 | 15.47 |
Embodiment 2
In container, drop into the fusing urea of 92.5% (weight) or suitable concentrated urine, add quinhydrones 2.5% (weight) (adding at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient or at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient and at least a nitrogenous compound in case of necessity) then, stir, make urea quinhydrones mixed solution.Temperature in the control container is between 50-250 ℃, and pressure sprays to above-mentioned mixed solution on the calcium cyanamide particle of 5% (weight) between 0.1-8Mpa, gets urea of the present invention.Compare with using pure urea, under same fertilizer application condition, use the urea of present embodiment can make gined cotton volume increase 0.89%, see Table 2.
Table 2
| Applying fertilizer | Lint yield (kg/ha) | Volume increase (%) |
| Urea | 106.9 | - |
| Urea | 107.86 | 0.89 |
Embodiment 3
In container, drop into the fusing urea of 85% (weight) or suitable concentrated urine, add quinhydrones 5% (weight) (adding at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient or at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient and at least a nitrogenous compound in case of necessity) then, stir, make urea quinhydrones mixed solution.Temperature in the control container is between 50-250 ℃, and pressure sprays to above-mentioned mixed solution on the calcium cyanamide particle of 10% (weight) between 0.1-8Mpa, gets urea of the present invention.Compare with using pure urea, under same fertilizer application condition, use the urea of present embodiment can make gined cotton volume increase 1%, see Table 3.
Table 3
| Applying fertilizer | Lint yield (kg/ha) | Volume increase (%) |
| Urea | 106.97 | - |
| Urea | 108.07 | 1 |
Claims (8)
1, a kind of urea is characterized in that: this urea comprises following component and content weight %: quinhydrones 0.01-5%, calcium cyanamide 0.01-10%, urea 85-99.98%; Wherein, described urea comprises core and shell, and core comprises calcium cyanamide, and shell comprises urea and quinhydrones.
2, urea according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient.
3, urea according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient and at least a nitrogenous compound.
4, according to claim 2 or 3 described urea, it is characterized in that: described non-nitrogen plant nutrient is selected from the lyotropic salt of potassium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, boron, magnesium, molybdenum or sulphur and their mixture.
5, urea according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described nitrogenous compound is selected from ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate calcium, single ammonium phosphate, ammonium citrate, bis phosphoric acid ammonium and their mixture.
6, the described preparation method of urea of a kind of claim 1 is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps:
A, the fusing urea that drops into 85-99.98 weight % in container or suitable concentrated urine add quinhydrones 0.01-5 weight % then, stir, and get urea quinhydrones mixed solution;
Temperature in B, the control container is between 50-250 ℃, and pressure sprays to steps A gained mixed solution on the calcium cyanamide particle of 0.01-10 weight % between 0.1-8Mpa, forms urea.
7, preparation method of urea according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described calcium cyanamide particulate diameter is between 0.1 millimeter to 2 millimeters.
8, preparation method of urea according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in described steps A, also in fusing urea or suitable concentrated urine, add at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient or at least a non-nitrogen plant nutrient and at least a nitrogenous compound; Described non-nitrogen plant nutrient is selected from the lyotropic salt of potassium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, boron, magnesium, molybdenum or sulphur and their mixture; Described nitrogenous compound is selected from ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate calcium, single ammonium phosphate, ammonium citrate, bis phosphoric acid ammonium and their mixture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031422756A CN1269774C (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2003-08-15 | Nano urea and its preparing process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031422756A CN1269774C (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2003-08-15 | Nano urea and its preparing process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1485303A CN1485303A (en) | 2004-03-31 |
| CN1269774C true CN1269774C (en) | 2006-08-16 |
Family
ID=34155683
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031422756A Expired - Fee Related CN1269774C (en) | 2003-08-15 | 2003-08-15 | Nano urea and its preparing process |
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| CN (1) | CN1269774C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100337992C (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2007-09-19 | 徐州市五谷丰化肥有限公司 | 46% sulfur based urea |
| CN101362659B (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2011-07-06 | 刘键 | Nano carbon long-acting environment friendly compound fertilizer |
| CN101440000B (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2011-12-21 | 宁夏大荣化工冶金有限公司 | Particle calcium cyanamide compound fertilizer and technique for processing the same |
| CN107400004A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-11-28 | 博白县大红火龙果专业合作社 | A kind of seedling medium for promoting dragon fruit to take root and preparation method thereof |
-
2003
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1485303A (en) | 2004-03-31 |
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