CN1262174C - One age large scale seedling growing method for four main fishes without public pollution - Google Patents
One age large scale seedling growing method for four main fishes without public pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN1262174C CN1262174C CNB2004100145257A CN200410014525A CN1262174C CN 1262174 C CN1262174 C CN 1262174C CN B2004100145257 A CNB2004100145257 A CN B2004100145257A CN 200410014525 A CN200410014525 A CN 200410014525A CN 1262174 C CN1262174 C CN 1262174C
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention relates to a one-instar large-scale fry raising method for four main kinds of fish without public harm. The method adopts a set of technical measures of strict selection for raising, fry raising, reasonable matched breeding, pond pretreatment, water quality regulation, scientific and reasonable bait supply, organic fertilizer application, etc. on the basis of fully knowing and grasping growth and development characteristics of four main kinds of fish, the necessary optimal ecological environment and scientific and reasonable nutrient components, etc. of four main kinds of fish so as to raise four main kinds of fish without public harm, namely large-scale fry: black carps, grass carps, silver carps and variegated carps in one year. The commercial adult fish cultivated from large-scale fry has the advantages of short period, large breeding multiple, good quality and high profit rate. Compared with commercial adult fish cultivated from conventional fry, the commercial adult fish cultivated from the one-instar large-scale fry has the characteristics that the cultivating period is shortened by one year, the growth speed is increased by two times, and the utilization rate of ponds is enhanced by 33%. The present invention creates the optimal economic benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for cultivation of fish, particularly a kind of " four large Chinese carps " age offspring seed cultivation method.
Background technology
" four large Chinese carps " refers to black carp, grass carp, silver carp, bighead.Be the economic freshwater fish of China's special product, have fast, individual big, the excellent characteristic such as meat is good, strong stress resistance of growth.Its cultured output accounts for about 70% of national freshwater fish culturing output.Be the main source of the required fish albumen of broad masses, become the govern-house-variety of fresh water aquaculture already.Along with " four large Chinese carps " breed scale constantly enlarges, four loaded down with trivial details large Chinese carps are cultured flow process and ecological condition does not match, and make fish growth speed slow, and individual less than normal, disease is many.Particularly the seed growth rate is slow, and growth cycle is long, and large size seedling seed need be cultivated 2 years, two age large size seedling seed in cultivating process, easily fall ill.Two age large size seedling seed to form the growth rate of marketable fish also slow, the feed coefficient height.The individual multiple that increases of marketable fish only is 4-5 times in 1 year, has so both increased aquaculture cost, has reduced economic benefit again.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide offspring seed cultivation method in a whole set of in " four large Chinese carps " age, use this method in 1 year, to cultivate into large size seedling seed, and fast growth, damage by disease and insect are few.Support marketable fish with this seed, the fast growth of fish, feed coefficient is low, and the individual multiple that increases of marketable fish can reach 8-10 doubly in 1 year, can greatly reduce aquaculture cost like this and increase economic efficiency.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: " four large Chinese carps " age offspring seed cultivation method, this method comprises selects seedling, collocation to put seed, pond preliminary treatment, regulating and controlling water quality, throw something and feed bait and application of organic fertilizers in a suitable place to breed, make and can cultivate " four large Chinese carps " seed in 1 year, its breeding method comprises following concrete steps:
A: pond preliminary treatment: drain pond water in the winter time, under sunshine, be exposed to the sun 7-10 days at the bottom of making the pool, and splash with the every mu 50 full pond of kilogram of raw lime furnishing limewash.Stack fertilizer before pouring water in the pond in 3-5 days in the pond, the fertilizer of stacking is dark green plant and fowl poultry kind muck.The ratio of dark green plant and fowl poultry kind muck is 3: 1, every mu of 500-600 kilogram of stacking amount.After fertilizer is stacked well, promptly irritate clear water, the depth of water is controlled at 0.4-0.5m, pours into clear water and puts seedling after 6 hours in a suitable place to breed;
B: seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: put-12 days Mays 8 of time in a suitable place to breed; Culturing time is 21-28 day, and breeding density is 66000 tail/mus, puts kind in a suitable place to breed: green grass or young crops, grass, silver carp, flathead mixing are joined foster.In the pond of putting grass carp in a suitable place to breed: put silver carp 10% in a suitable place to breed, bighead 8%, black carp 6%, grass carp 76%.In the pond of putting bighead in a suitable place to breed: put grass carp 10% in a suitable place to breed, black carp 6%, silver carp 15%, bighead 69%.In the pond of putting silver carp in a suitable place to breed: put grass carp 15% in a suitable place to breed, black carp 6%, bighead 5%, silver carp 74%.
C: seedling feeding and management: in the pool, inject clear water, to regulate pH value and dissolved oxygen amount in the water body.Must throw something and feed later on soya-bean milk 19-25 day with throwing something and feeding 2-3 day behind the egg yolk furnishing scattered paste shape behind the pool under the seedling, 8 o'clock every mornings, at 12 o'clock at noon, 4 time-divisions of afternoon throw something and feed for three times, and feeding volume exceeds so that the seedling food is full.
D: summer flower seedling seed selection: the above-mentioned seedling of cultivating-28 days on the 21st is carried out the seed selection second time, and the seed selection time is 28-June 5 May.System of selection is artificial spilling water method or carries out artificial screening with 1-5 fish sieve, selects specification: careless, blue or green fish length 5-6cm, flathead, silver carp fish length 4-5cm; Putting quantity in a suitable place to breed is 4200 tail/mus, grass carp 1000 tails wherein, and black carp 200 tails, bighead 400 tails, silver carp 600 tails are selected supporting breed variety specification else and are 4-5cm, and its quantity is: bream 1000 tails, hybridized prussian carp 1000 tails.
E: regulating and controlling water quality: the pond depth of water is controlled between the 1.0-1.5m, rise mid-May at interval and in the pond, poured into clear water once in 7 days, irritated a clear water at interval in 3-5 days in June-October, irrigation quantity reaches 6.5-7.0 and dissolved oxygen in water amount with water PH value, and to be not less than 5 mg/litre be standard.Summer, autumn should in time pour water and Xiang Shuizhong throws in " green precious No. 2 " and improves water quality with adjusting according to the needs of water quality according to Changes in weather.
F: feeding: feeding divides dual mode: a kind of is to throw in the pond every 15 days to execute the fertilizer 250-300 kilogram/mu that becomes thoroughly decomposed, manure type is identical with fertilizer in the A point with proportioning, another kind is to throw something and feed every day to contain crude protein and be not less than 26% full price cured feed and green forage in the pond, the ratio of cured feed and green forage is 7: 3, cured feed is formed by wheat bran, dish cake, beans pool, plant joint shell, silkworm chrysalis, fish meal and active removing mildew mixing manufacture, and green forage is selected duckweed, pasture and water, Lu Sheng browse, perennial ryegrass, goose dish for use.Feeding volume from the outset from the pond 2.5% of fish body gross weight progressively be increased to the later stage fish body gross weight 3.5%.
Owing to adopt technique scheme, " four large Chinese carps " seed can be cultivated in 1 year, cultivated through 1 year, the fingerling specification reaches average every cabrage 250-300 gram, bighead 250-280 gram/tail wherein, black carp 350-500 gram/tail, silver carp 200250 gram/tails, grass carp 250-400 gram/tail.Needed 2 years just can cultivate the fingerling that reaches above-mentioned specification with conventional method.Yearlings increases multiple 10-12 doubly, and colony reach individual big, output is high, cost is low, product are of fine quality, disease is few, the profit of every kilograms of product reaches 1.23 yuan, profit margin is 26.1%.Yearlings is cultured marketable fish can obtain better benefit: form same marketable fish, feed coefficient is 2.2, and the individual multiple that increases is 8-10 times, and selling the culture-cycle from the seedling to the marketable fish is 2 years.And culture marketable fish with the seed that conventional method is cultivated, and feed coefficient is 2.5, and the individual multiple that increases is 4-5 times, and selling the culture-cycle from the seedling to the marketable fish is 3 years.Yearlings of the present invention is cultured the commodity adult fish, and for numerous raisers shorten 1 year culture-cycle, growth rate improves 2 times, and the pond availability improves 33%, saves feed coefficient 0.3, cultures profit and reaches 26.1%.The invention optimum economic benefit, ecological benefits, social benefit.
According to State Education Commission's science and technology look into Nanjing, new center work station on March 6th, 2003 to patent science and technology novelty assessment report of the present invention look into new conclusion for " about ' four large Chinese carps ' one seed in age pond rearing and breeding graded Research on Process are not seen open source literature as yet ".(seeing " novelty assessment report " copy).
Embodiment
The concrete grammar step of cultivating seed in " four large Chinese carps " age in 1 mu of pond is:
A: pond preliminary treatment: drain pond water in the winter time, under sunshine, be exposed to the sun 10 days at the bottom of making the pool, and be diluted to Shui Manchi with 50 kilogram of raw lime and splash.Stack in the pond by 300 kilograms of green green grass, the fertilizer of pig, 250 kilograms of compositions of sheep excrement is deposited in after they are fully mixed and allows its fermentation in the pond, cultivates organic bait.Compost was poured water in the pond after 5 days, with intaking in the hose insertion water body, filtered to avoid wild fishes to enter impairment chinese carp growth in the pond with fine screen mesh when pouring water when pouring water.The degree of depth that pours into clear water is controlled at 0.4m, pours into clear water and puts seedling in a suitable place to breed after 6 hours.
B: seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: got 66000 tail green grass or young crops, grass, silver carp, flathead seedling on May 10 and throw in proportion in the pond, selecting kind is the main grass carp of supporting, and wherein grass carp 50160 tails account for 76%, and black carp 3960 tails account for 6%, and silver carp 6600 tails account for 10%, and bighead 5280 tails account for 8%.
C: seedling aquaculture management: in time add clear water.Irrigation quantity is to make that pH value remains between the 6.5-7.0 in the water body, and guarantees that dissolved oxygen amount is not less than 5 mg/litre in the water body.Under the seedling behind the pool with throwing something and feeding continuously 3 days behind the egg yolk furnishing scattered paste shape, feeding volume exceeds so that the seedling food is full.After 3 days to seedling throw something and feed soya-bean milk, threw something and fed 25 days.Throw something and feed for three times at 8 o'clock in every day in the morning, at 12 o'clock at noon, 4 time-divisions of afternoon, feeding volume exceeds so that the seedling food is full.
D: summer flower seedling seed selection: the above-mentioned seedling of cultivating 26 days is carried out the seed selection second time.June 5 filtered out the summer flower seed with artificial spilling water method, select specification: careless, blue or green fish length 5-6cm, flathead, silver carp fish length 4-5cm, selecting quantity is 4200 tails, grass carp 1000 tails wherein, black carp 200 tails, bighead 400 tails, silver carp 600 tails are selected supporting breed bream 1000 tails else, hybridized prussian carp 1000 tails.The specification of bream and crucian is the long 4-5cm of body.
E: regulating and controlling water quality: put that pond water is controlled in the 1m in the summer flower 10 days, the depth of water is controlled at 1.2-1.5m after 10 days, generally pours into clear water once in the pond in 5 days at interval, inserts in the water body with hose when pouring water, and approximately changes the water in pond 1/3., air pressure sultry as weather should in time add the filling clear water when low.Irrigation quantity is to make that pH value remains between the 6.5-7.0 in the water body, and guarantees that dissolved oxygen amount is not less than 5 mg/litre in the water body.In the pond, discharge biologic product " green precious No. 2 " summer.
F: feeding: feeding divides dual mode: a kind of is to throw in the pond every 15 days to execute 300 kilograms of the fertilizers of becoming thoroughly decomposed.Another kind is to throw something and feed every day to contain crude protein and be not less than 26% full price cured feed (accounting for 70%) and green forage (accounting for 30%), cured feed is formed by wheat bran, dish cake, beans pool, plant joint shell, silkworm chrysalis, fish meal, active removing mildew mixing manufacture, and green forage is selected duckweed, pasture and water, Lu Sheng browse, perennial ryegrass, goose dish for use.Feeding volume from the outset from the pond 2.5% of fish body gross weight progressively be increased to the later stage fish body gross weight 3.5%.
With above-mentioned a series of effective technology measures, make " four large Chinese carps " from seedling to one age seed only just cultivate and form through one-year age, and obtained favorable economic benefit.Concrete condition when in early Febuary, second gathers in the crops is seen attached list.
Information slip when culturing pool results:
| Kind | Grow up to specification (gram) | Put quantity (tail) in a suitable place to breed | Output (kilogram) | Average unit price (unit) | The output value (unit) | Production cost (unit) | Profit |
| Black carp | 350-700 | 200 | 744.4 | 5.49 | 4390 | 3519.80 (contain labor wage, charges for water and electricity, pool hire charge, seed is taken, feed cost) | 920 yuan |
| Grass carp | 350-650 | 1000 | |||||
| Bighead | 350-500 | 400 | |||||
| Silver carp | 250-280 | 600 | |||||
| Bream | 40-60 | 1000 | |||||
| Crucian | 50-80 | 1000 |
Claims (3)
1, " four large Chinese carps " age offspring seed cultivation method, it is characterized in that: this breeding method comprises and selects seedling, collocation to put seed, pond preliminary treatment, regulating and controlling water quality, throw something and feed bait and application of organic fertilizers in a suitable place to breed, make in 1 year and can cultivate seed, its breeding method comprises following concrete steps:
A: pond preliminary treatment: drain pond water in the winter time, under sunshine, be exposed to the sun 7-10 days at the bottom of making the pool, and splash with the full pool behind every mu 50 kilogram of raw lime dissolving water, before in the pond, pouring water, in the pond, stack fertilizer in 3-5 days, after fertilizer is stacked well, promptly irritate clear water, the depth of water is controlled at 0.4-0.5m, pours into clear water and puts seedling in a suitable place to breed after 6 hours;
B: seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: put-12 days Mays 8 of time in a suitable place to breed; Culturing time is 21-28 day; Breeding density is 66000 tail/mus; Put kind in a suitable place to breed: green grass or young crops, grass, silver carp, flathead mixing are joined foster; In the pond of putting grass carp in a suitable place to breed: put silver carp 10% in a suitable place to breed, bighead 8%, black carp 6%, grass carp 76%; In the pond of putting bighead in a suitable place to breed: put grass carp 10% in a suitable place to breed, black carp 6%, silver carp 15%, bighead 69%; In the pond of putting silver carp in a suitable place to breed: put grass carp 15% in a suitable place to breed, black carp 6%, bighead 5%, silver carp 74%;
C: seedling aquaculture management: in the pond, add clear water, irrigation quantity is to make that pH value remains between the 6.5-7.0 in the water body, and guarantee that dissolved oxygen amount is not less than 5 mg/litre in the water body, must be behind the pool under the seedling with throwing something and feeding 2-3 day behind the egg yolk furnishing scattered paste shape, later on to throw something and feed soya-bean milk-25 days on the 19th of seedling, 8 o'clock every mornings, at 12 o'clock at noon, 4 time-divisions of afternoon throw something and feed for three times, and feeding volume exceeds so that the seedling food is full;
D: summer flower seedling seed selection: the above-mentioned seedling of cultivating-28 days on the 21st is carried out the seed selection second time, select time is 28-June 5 May, and system of selection is artificial spilling water method or carries out artificial screening with 1-5 fish sieve, selects specification: careless, blue or green fish length 5-6cm, flathead, silver carp fish length 4-5cm, selecting quantity is 4200 tail/mus, grass carp 1000 tails wherein, black carp 200 tails, bighead 400 tails, silver carp 600 tails, selecting supporting breed variety else is bream 1000 tails, hybridized prussian carp 1000 tails;
E: regulating and controlling water quality: the pond depth of water is controlled between the 1.0-1.5m, rise mid-May at interval and in the pond, poured into clear water once in 7 days, irritated a clear water June-October at interval in 3-5 days, irrigation quantity reaches 6.5-7.0 and dissolved oxygen in water amount with water PH value, and to be not less than 5 mg/litre be standard, should according to the needs of water quality in time pour water according to Changes in weather summer and autumn, and Xiang Shuizhong throws in biologic product " green precious No. 2 ";
F: feeding: feeding divides dual mode: a kind of is to throw in the pond every 15 days to execute the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, another kind is to throw something and feed every day to contain crude protein and be not less than 26% full price cured feed and green forage in the pond, the ratio of cured feed and green forage is 7: 3, feeding volume from the outset from the pond 2.5% of fish body gross weight progressively be increased to the later stage fish body gross weight 3.5%.
2, " four large Chinese carps " according to claim 1 age offspring seed cultivation method, it is characterized in that: the fertilizer of stacking and dispensing is dark green plant and fowl poultry kind muck, the ratio of dark green plant and fowl poultry kind muck is 3: 1, every mu of 500-600 kilogram of compost amount imposes every mu of each 250-300 kilogram of amount of organic fertilizer.
3, " four large Chinese carps " according to claim 1 age offspring seed cultivation method, it is characterized in that: cured feed is formed by wheat bran, dish cake, beans pool, plant joint shell, silkworm chrysalis, fish meal and active removing mildew mixing manufacture, and green forage is selected duckweed, pasture and water, Lu Sheng browse, perennial ryegrass, goose dish for use.
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| CN103918595A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2014-07-16 | 娄志 | Silver carp breeding method |
| CN104719214A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-06-24 | 宁国市金东坊农业开发有限公司 | Summer-pond-leaving-young-tor-brevifilis double-pond breeding method |
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| CN107173276A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-19 | 重庆子渌生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of four large Chinese carp ecological cultivation methods |
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| CN107873581A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-04-06 | 湖州莱萌儿童用品有限公司 | A kind of four large Chinese carp mixed culturing technologies increased operation rate |
| CN111602614A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-01 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | Bighead carp domestication and breeding method and feed table suitable for same |
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