CN1225189C - Artificial mixed fodder and its preparation method for turbot albation fry skin color improvement and restoration - Google Patents

Artificial mixed fodder and its preparation method for turbot albation fry skin color improvement and restoration Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1225189C
CN1225189C CNB031387128A CN03138712A CN1225189C CN 1225189 C CN1225189 C CN 1225189C CN B031387128 A CNB031387128 A CN B031387128A CN 03138712 A CN03138712 A CN 03138712A CN 1225189 C CN1225189 C CN 1225189C
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kilogram
kilograms
meal
fish
turbot
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CNB031387128A
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CN1565230A (en
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马爱军
陈四清
雷霁霖
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Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to artificial mixed fodder and a preparation method which are used for improving and restoring the body color of turbot albation fries. The artificial mixed fodder is prepared from fish meal, yeast, flour, bean meal, peanut meal, shrimp bran, seaweed meal, KH2 PO4, wheat bran, multidimensions, mineral substances, dextrose, fish Oil, lecithin, etc.; in the preparation method, high quality raw materials are purchased according to the kinds of the ingredients, and soft granulated fodder with the water content of 20 to 25% is prepared by mixing according to the dosage of the ingredients after partial raw materials are processed by repulverization. The artificial mixed fodder produced by the prescription can effectively improve and restore the body color of marketable fish cultured from the turbot albation fries; through a culture cycle, the coverage rate of the body pigment of the marketable fish reaches more than 90%, and more than 20% of the marketable fish can completely restore normal body color; the artificial mixed fodder produced by the prescription has the advantages of easy obtainment of raw materials, convenient production and easy operation, and application to mass production.

Description

Improve and recovery turbot albefaction seed body colour artifical compound feed and compound method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the artifical compound feed that improves the turbot body colour, is that the juvenile fish to the albefaction of turbot seed pigment carries out the feed compound method that body colour is improved and recovered under the breeding production condition.
Background technology
Before the present invention made, to the turbot seed that albefaction has taken place body colour, the research of carrying out body colour recovery and improvement did not have relevant report.There is relevant research report albefaction aspect about flounder flounder class body colour in the world, but all concentrates on the reason of probing into seed rearing early-stage newborn postlarva body colour albefaction generation.As the Kazuo Tabata (1991) at upright aquatic products test site, Japanese scholar Bingku county, studied the genetic cause of lefteye flounder albinism; Japan scholar Japanese water is produced the TakeshiYamamoto (1992) that research institute is cultured in the Room, has reported that the reason of lefteye flounder body colour albefaction may be relevant with the period of metamorphosis of early stage seed rearing; The attached aquatic products experiment of Japan scholar Kyoto University agronomy portion TadahisaSeikai, studied of the influence of different halogen worm strains to the albefaction of lefteye flounder body colour; Japan scholar bird is got cultivating fishery test site, county Noritatsu Miki (1989), thinks that body colour is unusual relevant with liposoluble vitamin in the feed.The research report that also has other also all is to concentrate on the reason and prevention of probing into the early stage body colour albefaction generation of seed rearing.And whether can improve and recover to lack research to the juvenile fish body colour that albefaction takes place.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of artifical compound feed that can improve and recover turbot albefaction seed body colour, by the feed young turbot of body colour albefaction of this feed, its body colour is improved or recover, improve the plain coverage rate of fish body colour, so that recover to reach normal body colour.
The present invention makes by following technical scheme:
Its batching kind is: fish meal, mineral matter, yeast, flour, bean cake powder, peanut meal, shrimp chaff, seawood meal, KH 2PO 4, wheat bran, multidimensional, glucose, fish oil, lecithin.
The feed consumption: in 100 kilograms of mixed feeds, fish meal is that 40～60 kilograms, yeast are that 1～6 kilogram, flour are that 5～20 kilograms, bean cake powder are that 2～20 kilograms, peanut meal are that 1～10 kilogram, shrimp chaff are that 1～10 kilogram, seawood meal are 0.5～6 kilogram, KH 2PO 4Be that 0.1～2 kilogram, wheat bran are that 1～6 kilogram, multidimensional are that 0.5～4 kilogram, mineral matter are that 0.5～4 kilogram, glucose are that 1～8 kilogram, fish oil are that 2～18 kilograms, lecithin are 0.5～4 kilogram.
Its method for making is: according to batching kind buying quality raw materials, wherein fish meal, dregs of beans, peanut meal, shrimp chaff, yeast, seawood meal, wheat bran are pulverized processing once more, afterwards, again by the batching consumption, in 100 kilograms of mixed feeds: add 40～60 kilograms of fish meal, 1～6 kilogram in yeast, 5～20 kilograms in flour, 2～20 kilograms of bean cake powders, 1～10 kilogram of peanut meal, 1～10 kilogram of shrimp chaff, 0.5～6 kilogram of seawood meal, KH 2PO 40.1～2 kilograms, 1～6 kilogram in wheat bran, 0.5～4 kilogram of multidimensional, mineral matter account for 0.5～4 kilogram, 1～8 kilogram of glucose, 2～18 kilograms in fish oil, 0.5～4 kilogram in lecithin, are mixed and made into the soft pellet diet of water content 20～25%.
The present invention and prior art contrast are characterized in:
1, the artifical compound feed prepared of prescription of the present invention uses at the marketable fish forming stage, the young turbot body colour of body colour albefaction is improved, through a culture-cycle, the pigment coverage rate reaches more than 90%, wherein can return to normal body colour fully more than 20%.
2, use this prescription productive manpower mixed feed, raw material is easy to get, and convenient for production easy to operate, can carry out large-scale production.
Embodiment
Turbot is the new good sea-farming kind of introducing, and development is rapid, but technology is not perfect.Turbot is in the seed production process, and body colour albefaction seed output accounts for the ratio of total seed, maintains more than 70% in recent years always.The seed of albefaction is formed marketable fish, and the black and white patch appears in the fish body, and pigment is extremely inhomogeneous, and the economy that directly influences fish is sold.Therefore, improve and recover the body colour of albefaction turbot, be of great practical significance.The young turbot of personnel's dialogueization of the present invention has carried out nutrition research, the content of finding the Different Nutrition element to the growth of pigment and with the pigment generating process in the playing an important role of relevant squama.By trophic factors regulation and control, can make the body colour of albefaction seed obtain in various degree improvement and recovery.
The screening of prescription has been carried out in this research on Peng Lai, Shandong, Rongcheng and other places, determine feed kind and feed consumption, carries out the large-scale cultivation experiment.Detailed process is as follows:
1, feed kind and feed consumption are determined in Pei Fang screening.
(1) Shi Yan turbot seed, sterile-processed, domesticating selected after the week temporarily, its average specification is: body weight 12.0 ± 0.12g, the long 8.1 ± 0.01cm of body, quantity n=480 tail is the young turbot of full albefaction.
(2) experiment condition and method
Mixed feed batching kind is as follows: fish meal, yeast, flour, bean cake powder, peanut meal, shrimp chaff, seawood meal, KH 2PO 4, wheat bran, multidimensional, mineral matter, glucose, fish oil, lecithin.
The batching consumption is (in 100 kilograms of batching materials): 40～60 kilograms of fish meal, 1～6 kilogram in yeast, 5～20 kilograms in flour, 2～20 kilograms of bean cake powders, 1～10 kilogram of peanut meal, 1～10 kilogram of shrimp chaff, 0.5～6 kilogram of seawood meal, KH 2PO 40.1～2 kilograms, 1～6 kilogram in wheat bran, 0.5～4 kilogram of multidimensional, mineral matter account for 0.5～4 kilogram, 1～8 kilogram of glucose, 2～18 kilograms in fish oil, 0.5～4 kilogram in lecithin.
Batching is mixed with 8 kinds of soft particle artifical compound feeds through being ground into microparticle in different ratios.The early stage and the later stage juvenile fish the feed particle diameter be respectively 4mm and 6mm.Each net cage experiment fish 30 tail, every group of feed established one parallel group as repeated experiments.Breeding water is a underground sea water with after nature seawater mixes, and flows into experiment pool through disposable husky filter, and experimental session condition of water quality situation of change is: DO＞6.0mg/L, pH=7.8-8.1, S=28-30, T=18-22 ℃.Experimental session bait throwing in every day 3 times is measured water temperature 3 times, inhales residual dirty 1 time, and a day quantity of exchanged water is 300%, and regularly brush that falls pond pond is measured condition of water quality and changed, and detects fish body disease situation, and fish disease is treated in medication in time, fish bulk-growth situation of measurement in every month.
(3) result: see Table 1.
Table 1: the recovery of duration of test turbot pigment and squama developmental state
Tab.1：The turbot pigmentation improvment and squama development
Albefaction turbot squama developmental state after 60 days Albefaction turbot recovery situation after 60 days
Test group There is the turbot ratio (%) of squama at the internal organ position There is the turbot ratio (%) of squama internal organ, head position Turbot ratio (the % of whole fish body cover scales Pigment coverage rate (%) Recover the ratio (%) of normal body colour
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 36.7 46.7 53.3 46.7 26.7 50.0 53.3 36.7 30.0 33.3 36.7 33.3 20.0 33.3 33.3 30.0 23.3 20.0 23.3 20.0 13.3 20.0 20.3 16.7 88.0 81.2 90.0 80.0 62.5 83.8 86.8 67.5 23.3 20.0 23.3 20.0 13.3 20.0 20.0 16.7
The ratio of squama is the ratio that the turbot of squama occurs in the table.
The 1st group of last watch test result, the 3rd group are better, and its batching consumption is respectively:
The 1st assembly material consumption is (in 100 kilograms of batching materials): 47 kilograms of fish meal, 5 kilograms in yeast, 9 kilograms in flour, 5 kilograms of bean cake powders, 1 kilogram of peanut meal, 7 kilograms of shrimp chaffs, 2 kilograms of seawood meals, KH 2PO 40.3 kilogram, 1.5 kilograms in wheat bran, 2.5 kilograms of multidimensional, 2.5 kilograms in mineral matter, 4 kilograms of glucose, 12 kilograms in fish oil, 1.2 kilograms in lecithin.
The 3rd assembly material consumption is (in 100 kilograms of batching materials): 53 kilograms of fish meal, 4 kilograms in yeast, 10 kilograms in flour, 8 kilograms of bean cake powders, 3 kilograms of peanut meals, 3 kilograms of shrimp chaffs, 1 kilogram of seawood meal, KH 2PO 40.7 kilogram, 2.4 kilograms in wheat bran, 3 kilograms of multidimensional, 2 kilograms in mineral matter, 3 kilograms of glucose, 6 kilograms in fish oil, 0.9 kilogram in lecithin.
Result of the test shows, can improve the body colour of turbot albefaction fish by adjusting artifical compound feed in the juvenile fish stage, and part albefaction fish can revert to normal fish fully.Select through 60 days testing sieves the 3rd group, the preferably average pigment coverage rate of experimental result is up to 90%, and the ratio of recovering normal body colour fully can reach 23%.Can carry out the large-scale cultivation test.
The large-scale cultivation test of 3, filling a prescription.
Batching kind: fish meal, mineral matter, yeast, flour, bean cake powder, peanut meal, shrimp chaff, seawood meal, KH 2PO 4, wheat bran, multidimensional, glucose, fish oil, lecithin.Consumption is (in 100 kilograms of batching materials): 53 kilograms of fish meal, 4 kilograms in yeast, 10 kilograms in flour, 8 kilograms of bean cake powders, 3 kilograms of peanut meals, 3 kilograms of shrimp chaffs, 1 kilogram of seawood meal, KH 2PO 40.7 kilogram, 2.4 kilograms in wheat bran, 3 kilograms of multidimensional, 2 kilograms in mineral matter, 3 kilograms of glucose, 6 kilograms in fish oil, 0.9 kilogram in lecithin.
According to prescription kind buying quality raw materials, raw materials such as fish meal, dregs of beans, peanut meal, shrimp chaff, yeast, seawood meal, wheat bran are wherein pulverized processing once more, afterwards, be mixed and made into the soft pellet diet of water content 20～25% again by the batching consumption.
Culture producer's test production application at Rongcheng Jing Hai, culture albefaction turbot seed 3000 tails.Test is a young turbot of selecting close, the full albefaction of size in the fry of buying with fish, and on average specification is 12g/8-9cm.Cultivation density is 75～20 tails/m 2, inflate flowing water and culture.Test water is for filtering nature seawater, duration of test DO＞6.0mg/L, pH=7.8-8.1, S=32～34, T=16-20 ℃.Experimental session bait throwing in every day 2 times is measured water temperature 2 times, inhales residual dirty 1 time, and a day quantity of exchanged water is 300%, and regularly the brush of falling pond pond is measured condition of water quality and changed, and detects fish body disease situation, the treatment of medication in time fish disease.
Result of the test is: be initially the turbot of albefaction body colour, through 1 culture-cycle, average pigment coverage rate is 95%, and the ratio of recovering normal body colour fully can reach more than 20%.The artifical compound feed of this research institute preparation can make albefaction turbot seed body colour improve and recovers.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of improvement and recovery turbot albefaction seed body colour artifical compound feed is characterized in that its prescription comprises feed kind and feed consumption, and the feed kind has fish meal, mineral matter, yeast, flour, bean cake powder, peanut meal, shrimp chaff, seawood meal, KH 2PO 4, wheat bran, multidimensional, glucose, fish oil, lecithin; The feed consumption is: in 100 kilograms of mixed feeds, fish meal is that 40～60 kilograms, yeast are that 1～6 kilogram, flour are that 5～20 kilograms, bean cake powder are that 2～20 kilograms, peanut meal are that 1～10 kilogram, shrimp chaff are that 1～10 kilogram, seawood meal are 0.5～6 kilogram, KH 2PO 4Be that 0.1～2 kilogram, wheat bran are that 1～6 kilogram, multidimensional are that 0.5～4 kilogram, mineral matter are that 0.5～4 kilogram, glucose are that 1～8 kilogram, fish oil are that 2～18 kilograms, lecithin are 0.5～4 kilogram.
2, a kind of improvement and recovery turbot albefaction seed body colour artifical compound feed compound method, the compound method that it is characterized in that it is: according to batching kind buying quality raw materials, wherein fish meal, dregs of beans, peanut meal, shrimp chaff, yeast, seawood meal, wheat bran are pulverized processing once more, afterwards, in 100 kilograms of mixed feeds, by the batching consumption, add 40～60 kilograms of fish meal, 1～6 kilogram in yeast, 5～20 kilograms in flour, 2～20 kilograms of bean cake powders, 1～10 kilogram of peanut meal, 1～10 kilogram of shrimp chaff, 0.5～6 kilogram of seawood meal, KH again 2PO 40.1～2 kilograms, 1～6 kilogram in wheat bran, 0.5～4 kilogram of multidimensional, mineral matter account for 0.5～4 kilogram, 1～8 kilogram of glucose, 2～18 kilograms in fish oil, 0.5～4 kilogram in lecithin, are mixed and made into the soft pellet diet of water content 20～25%.
CNB031387128A 2003-06-26 2003-06-26 Artificial mixed fodder and its preparation method for turbot albation fry skin color improvement and restoration Expired - Fee Related CN1225189C (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100421575C (en) * 2005-09-30 2008-10-01 苏州大学 Anti-stress health-care agent for shrimp and crab
CN100542416C (en) * 2005-10-11 2009-09-23 集美大学 Compound fish bait used specially for pseudosciaena crocea
CN103392935B (en) * 2013-08-02 2014-12-24 青岛七好生物科技有限公司 Artificial microparticle feed of turbot postlarva
CN106376778A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-08 广东越群海洋生物研究开发有限公司 Turbot fry starter feed formula
CN106387503A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 广东越群海洋生物研究开发有限公司 Preparation method of starter feed for scophthalmus maximus linnaeus fingerlings

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