CN1224150A - Self-leveling reverse two-point mutual adjusting method for setting up optical horizontal reference line - Google Patents
Self-leveling reverse two-point mutual adjusting method for setting up optical horizontal reference line Download PDFInfo
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- CN1224150A CN1224150A CN 98100074 CN98100074A CN1224150A CN 1224150 A CN1224150 A CN 1224150A CN 98100074 CN98100074 CN 98100074 CN 98100074 A CN98100074 A CN 98100074A CN 1224150 A CN1224150 A CN 1224150A
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Abstract
A mutual regulation method for creating optical horizontal reference line features that self-balancing suspended parallel planar reflector is used as intermediate reference and a reference autocollimating light tube is used for observation. Before and after said reflector rotates around the vertical axle by 180 degrees, the bisector of the included angle between the normal lines of two reflection planes is just horizontal line. By repeated mutual regulations for approximation until the reference autocollimating light tube can autocollimate, the light axis emitted from it is just the horizontal reference line.
Description
The present invention relates to the angle metering field, specifically, relate to a kind of intermodulation method of setting up the optical level directrix.
In mapping, building, spirit-leveling instrument is a kind of surveying instrument of widespread use in the fields such as engineering.In spirit-leveling instrument production, in maintenance and periodic calibration, the calibration, all to demarcate the horizontality of spirit-leveling instrument optical axis according to the optical level directrix.
The technical foundation of setting up horizontal guideline has two: the first, needs one " benchmark autocollimation light pipe ", and this light pipe should have following characteristic: (1) emergent light axis direction can be finely tuned by continuous precision in vertical guide; (2) can keep emergent light axis stable after the adjustment at the vertical guide inner height.The secondth, there is a kind of emergent light axis to be adjusted into the method for level with benchmark autocollimation light pipe.
(patent No.: 921024355) " the self-balancing autocollimation light pipe " of Ti Chuing is a kind of scheme that is suitable for as benchmark autocollimation light pipe: (1) utilizes the wedge refraction to realize the fine setting of emergent light axis in vertical guide to Chinese patent " comprehensive checker for precise levelling instrument ", makes and adjusts level and smooth stablizing.Refractive deflection will take place through wedge in light.When the light pipe axis rotates wedge, the angle of deviation of outgoing beam will be rotated thereupon.Like this, just changed the direction of emergent light axis in vertical guide:
δ is the refraction angle of light in vertical guide in δ=icos α formula; I is wedge refractive deflection angle; α represents the angle of wedge direction and vertical.Because " self leveling " characteristic of this light pipe can keep the direction of emergent light in vertical guide highly stable.If promptly overall optical body trace tilts, suspension gear can compensate this, and the direction in the vertical guide of maintenance emergent light axis is constant.But, because: (1) self-balancing autocollimation light pipe can only keep hanging the center of gravity of pendulum assembly and the strict vertical of line of suspension gear center of rotation, and because the catoptron two sides is not parallel, and hanging the inhomogeneous of processing of pendulum assembly and material, suspension gear can not guarantee that mirror reflection surface is strict plumbous heavy; (2) graticule cross curve center can not definitely overlap with the back main heart of collimation lens set, and therefore, self-balancing autocollimation light pipe only provides a kind of alternative benchmark light pipe for setting up horizontal guideline, and can not guarantee its emergent light axis level.Described " comprehensive checker for precise levelling instrument " patent is used to adjust the outgoing light direction for its self-balancing autocollimation light pipe has designed the refraction wedge, and this itself just illustrates that the patent applicant has realized that this light pipe emergent light axis and out-of-level, needs to adjust.In fact, people still use traditional " 3 intermodulation methods " to adjust the horizontality of self-balancing autocollimation light pipe emergent light axis, to set up horizontal guideline.
The embodiment of tradition " 3 intermodulation methods " is made up of " benchmark autocollimation light pipe+precision level+precise alignment light pipe " or " benchmark autocollimation light pipe+self-balancing suspention catoptron+accurate autocollimation light pipe " three instruments, and wherein precision level or self-balancing suspention catoptron is as the middle reference of adjusting.Use 3 intermodulation methods not only will intermodulation between three instruments, and whenever take turns intermodulation and all need spirit-leveling instrument or self-balancing suspention catoptron is moved in and out and leveling again, make and adjust time-consuming bothersome (referring to measurement verification regulations＜spirit-leveling instrument〉JJG425-94p10 China Measuring Press 1994).
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of fast, accurately, set up the method for optical level directrix economically.
The self-balancing reverse two-point intermodulation method of setting up the optics levelling line of the present invention, its Adjustment System only are made up of " benchmark autocollimation light pipe " and " self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror " two instruments." self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror " is as middle reference in intermodulation, follow these steps to set up the optical level directrix: the first step is placed on relative arrangement on the platform with benchmark autocollimation light pipe with self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror, carefully flattens self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror; Second step observed its graticule be reflected back into resembling of benchmark autocollimation light pipe visual field by self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror from benchmark autocollimation light pipe, adjust benchmark autocollimation light pipe emergent light direction, make graticule cross groove overlap (being autocollimation) with its reflected image; The 3rd step made self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror change 180 ° around vertical axes, read in benchmark autocollimation light pipe visual field from the cross curve of self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror reflected back and resembled tiltangle in vertical; The centre offset mechanism that the whole self-balancing suspention of the 4th step plane-parallel mirror hangs pendulum makes the pitch angle of the cross curve elephant of reflected back benchmark autocollimation light pipe equal θ/2; The accurate autocollimation light pipe of the 5th step integral basis emergent light direction makes itself and self-balancing suspend the plane-parallel mirror autocollimation in midair; Repeat above-mentioned the 3rd step at last to the 5th step, up to self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror rotate 180 ° of front and back all with benchmark autocollimation light pipe autocollimation (being θ=0).At this moment, self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror minute surface is vertical, benchmark autocollimation light pipe emergent light level.Shift out self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror, benchmark autocollimation light pipe emergent light axis promptly forms the optical level directrix.
Described 2 intermodulation methods of the present invention, when making described plane-parallel mirror, relax the collimation index, measurement markers catoptron tow sides angle of wedge orientation (being maximum not parallel orientation) then, become level that catoptron is installed on the self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror, to improve the malalignment of two reflectings surface in vertical with angle of wedge orientation.
The self-balancing reverse two-point intermodulation method that the present invention announces has the following advantages:
(1) it is simple, easy to adjust to set up the method for horizontal guideline, only needs two instrument intermodulation of benchmark autocollimation light pipe and self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror, and the instrument one-step installation, need not move in and out and leveling repeatedly;
(2) because only with two instruments, it is more half as large than 3 intermodulation methods to take the laboratory area;
(3) small investment only needs 2/3rds of 3 intermodulation method investments;
(4) instrument of use equal accuracy, the uncertainty of setting up the optical level directrix is than 3 intermodulation method height.Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Fig. 1 sets up the equipment placement synoptic diagram of the self-balancing reverse two-point intermodulation method embodiment of optical level directrix for the present invention;
Fig. 2 is as the principle schematic of " the self-balancing autocollimation light pipe " of benchmark light pipe among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of " self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror " among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b set up the schematic diagram of the self-balancing reverse two-point intermodulation method of optical level directrix for the present invention;
Fig. 5 a to Fig. 5 d sets up the set-up procedure sketch of 2 intermodulation methods of optical level directrix for the present invention.
As can be seen from Figure 1, the instrument of the embodiment of the invention is made up of from straight collimator 1 and self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror 2 benchmark.As seen from Figure 2, the light source 10 of self-balancing autocollimation light pipe is by spectroscope 9 illumination graticules 8, graticule cross curve center overlaps with the back main heart of collimation lens set 11, catoptron 6 is installed on the crosshair suspension gear 7, whole suspension system can move the focusing that realizes benchmark autocollimation light pipe 1 along precise guide rail 13, graticule is reflected the virtual image of 6 one-tenth in mirror as " thing " of collimation lens 11, if the reflecting surface of catoptron 6 is in 1/2 focal position of collimation lens 11, then graticule 8 collimated lens 11 are collimated into directional light, through wedge 12 deflections, from the perforation hole ejaculation of benchmark autocollimation light pipe 1.Referring to Fig. 3, in self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror 2, include: accurate crosshair suspension gear 4; Centre offset adjusting mechanism 5; Hang pendulum assembly 15; Be installed in and hang the plane-parallel mirror of laying out 3; And around vertical pivot rotating mechanism 14.The whole pendulum assembly (comprising catoptron) that hangs can equivalence be an one dimension pendulum.Since the terrestrial attraction effect, in this hangs the free rotation direction of pendulum assembly, the strict vertical of line (ignoring small residual effect) of the center of gravity of pendulum and cross suspension center of rotation.Therefore the mirror surface " self leveling " of plane-parallel mirror 2 is suspended in self-balancing in midair: if the whole instrument trace tilts, suspension gear can compensate this, keeps the direction of catoptron 6 in vertical guide constant.On this basis, require catoptron 6 to have strict planarity and two plane parallel.As can be seen from Figure 4, before adjustment the normal of the reflecting surface a of self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror 2 and b become with surface level respectively the α angle and-the α angle, catoptron 6 is turned round 180 ° around vertical axes, because it is from levelling and these catoptron two plane parallel, the normal of b and a face and horizontal plane angle-α and α are constant.Obviously, the angular bisector of the angle of a face normal and rotation back b face normal is horizontal line before the rotation.
Set up the specific implementation method of optical level directrix below in conjunction with description of drawings with 2 intermodulation methods of the present invention, its step is as follows:
(1) benchmark autocollimation light pipe 1 is placed on relative arrangement on the platform with self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror 2, carefully flattens self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror 2, see Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 a;
(2) reflected back into resembling of benchmark autocollimation light pipe 1 visual field from benchmark autocollimation light pipe 1 its graticule 8 of observation by self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror 2, adjust benchmark autocollimation light pipe 1 emergent light direction, make graticule 8 cross grooves overlap (being autocollimation) with its reflected image, see Fig. 2 and Fig. 5 a; (3) make self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror 2 change 180 °, in benchmark autocollimation light pipe 1 visual field, read from the cross curve of self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror 2 reflected backs and resemble tiltangle in vertical, Fig. 5 b around vertical axes; (4) adjust the centre offset mechanism 5 that self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror 2 hangs pendulum, make the pitch angle of the cross curve elephant of reflected back benchmark autocollimation light pipe 1 equal θ/2, see Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 c; (5) adjust benchmark autocollimation light pipe 1 emergent light direction, make itself and self-balancing suspend plane-parallel mirror 2 autocollimations in midair, see Fig. 5 d; (6) repeat above-mentioned the 3rd step to the 5th step, up to self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror 2 rotate 180 ° of front and back all with benchmark autocollimation light pipe 1 autocollimation (being θ=0).At this moment, self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror 2 minute surfaces are vertical, benchmark autocollimation light pipe emergent light level.Shift out self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror 2, benchmark autocollimation light pipe 1 emergent light axis promptly forms the optical level directrix.
As previously mentioned, conventional self-balancing suspention catoptron does not require its catoptron tow sides parallel.Obviously, by above-mentioned two point method intermodulation, how much planes of symmetry that can only reach catoptron are vertical.Vertical in order to realize mirror mirror, necessarily require catoptron two reflectings surface parallel in the vertical strictness.Present optics processing technology level is difficult to realize the catoptron tow sides are proposed simultaneously the harsh requirement of planarity and two planar parallelisms.But two point method only requires two planar parallelisms of catoptron along vertical, the not parallel nothing influence of horizontal direction.The uneven catoptron in two sides can be described with the formula (1) of preamble wedge:
δ=icosα
(1) just in this up-to-date style the meaning of symbol be: the i--angle of wedge; δ--the angle of wedge is in the projection of vertical; α represents the angle of wedge orientation and vertical.By following formula, when α=90 °, i.e. wedge orientation level, the angle of wedge is in projection δ=0 of vertical.The present invention proposes to make plane-parallel mirror with economic technology, promptly be strict with planarity man-hour adding, relax index to two planar parallelisms, then by the double-edged angle of wedge of measurement markers orientation (being maximum not parallel orientation), be in level with the angle of wedge orientation catoptron is installed on the self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror, thereby reduce the malalignment along vertical on catoptron two planes greatly.This measure has been satisfied the strict demand of self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror to mirror plane and collimation with the processing technology of less expensive, makes 2 intermodulation methods be able to actual enforcement.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of self-balancing reverse two-point intermodulation method of setting up the optical level directrix, it is characterized by Adjustment System only is made up of " benchmark autocollimation light pipe " and " self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror " two instruments, in intermodulation " self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror follows these steps to set up the optical level directrix as middle reference:
(1) benchmark autocollimation light pipe (1) and self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror (2) is placed on the platform relative, carefully flattens self-balancing and suspend plane-parallel mirror (2) in midair;
(2) observe its graticule (8) be reflected back into resembling of benchmark autocollimation light pipe (1) visual field from benchmark autocollimation light pipe (1) by self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror (2), adjust benchmark autocollimation light pipe (1) emergent light direction, make graticule (8) cross groove overlap (being autocollimation) with its reflected image;
(3) make self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror (2) change 180 °, in benchmark autocollimation light pipe (1) visual field, read from the cross curve of self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror (2) reflected back and resemble tiltangle in vertical around vertical axes;
(4) adjust the centre offset mechanism (5) that self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror (2) hangs pendulum, make the pitch angle of the cross curve elephant of reflected back benchmark autocollimation light pipe (1) equal θ/2;
(5) adjust benchmark autocollimation light pipe (1) emergent light direction, make itself and self-balancing suspend plane-parallel mirror (2) autocollimation in midair;
(6) repeat above-mentioned the 3rd step to the 5th step, up to self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror (2) rotate 180 ° of front and back all with benchmark autocollimation light pipe (1) autocollimation.At this moment, self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror (2) minute surface is vertical, benchmark autocollimation light pipe emergent light level.Shift out self-balancing suspention plane-parallel mirror (2), benchmark autocollimation light pipe (1) emergent light axis promptly forms the optical level directrix.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 98100074 CN1224150A (en) | 1998-01-22 | 1998-01-22 | Self-leveling reverse two-point mutual adjusting method for setting up optical horizontal reference line |
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| CN 98100074 CN1224150A (en) | 1998-01-22 | 1998-01-22 | Self-leveling reverse two-point mutual adjusting method for setting up optical horizontal reference line |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103994773A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-08-20 | 樊小鹏 | Horizontal alignment-line accompanied detector and horizontal alignment-line calibration apparatus |
| CN107727084A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-02-23 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Robot high-acruracy survey instrument is to prism square normal direction automatic search method on star |
| CN110763199A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-07 | 李迎春 | Intelligent highway construction levelness detector |
-
1998
- 1998-01-22 CN CN 98100074 patent/CN1224150A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103994773A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-08-20 | 樊小鹏 | Horizontal alignment-line accompanied detector and horizontal alignment-line calibration apparatus |
| CN103994773B (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2017-10-13 | 闳诚科技有限公司 | A kind of horizontal guideline accompanies inspection device and horizontal guideline calibrating installation |
| CN107727084A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-02-23 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Robot high-acruracy survey instrument is to prism square normal direction automatic search method on star |
| CN107727084B (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2021-02-12 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Method for automatically searching normal direction of cube mirror on satellite by robot high-precision measuring instrument |
| CN110763199A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-07 | 李迎春 | Intelligent highway construction levelness detector |
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