CN1217102A - System, arrangement and method relating to protection in a communications system and a telecommunications sytsem with a protection arrangement - Google Patents

System, arrangement and method relating to protection in a communications system and a telecommunications sytsem with a protection arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1217102A
CN1217102A CN 97194142 CN97194142A CN1217102A CN 1217102 A CN1217102 A CN 1217102A CN 97194142 CN97194142 CN 97194142 CN 97194142 A CN97194142 A CN 97194142A CN 1217102 A CN1217102 A CN 1217102A
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signal
unit
switching
switching device
protection
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Chinese (zh)
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J·霍普芬格
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/04—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/74—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission for increasing reliability, e.g. using redundant or spare channels or apparatus

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
  • Time-Division Multiplex Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system and a method respectively for protection switching in a communications network such as e.g. a telecommunications network which comprises a number of nodes. Each node comprises a number of signal equipment units (11, ..., 1n) providing access to/from the node. At least one redundant equipment unit (1n+1) is provided and a protection switching arrangement (10) is arranged for protecting signals to/from the equipment units. The switching arrangement (10) comprises a number of first switching means (21, ..., 2n) which connect to the access units (11, ..., 1n) and in said first switching means signal input/output means (31, ..., 3n; 41, ..., 4n) are arranged which provide conversion between external traffic signals and internal traffic signals. At least a number of the first switching means (21, ..., 2n) are connected to at least one second switching means (7) which in turn connects to said at least one redundant equipment unit (1n+1). When protection switching is needed for a signal to/from an equipment unit (11, ..., 1n), protection switching is done on an internal signal in at least two steps via a first switching means and a second switching means.

Description

Be used for system, the apparatus and method of the exchange protection of communication network and contain the telecommunication system of protective device
Technical field
The present invention is relevant with the system and method for protection exchange in communication network (for example telecommunications network).The present invention is also with the equipment of protection exchange and take the telecommunication system of guard signal exchange measure relevant.
Prior art
In present communication system, information or data are transported at a high speed as signal.And these signals are loaded with lot of data.Therefore, be readily appreciated that the importance of these signals of protection.So great majority have all been taked certain redundant measure, be reduced to certain given degree at least with risk with drop-out or message, this depends on real system, actual state etc.
For example, 155Mbps SDH (SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)) and 140Mbps PDH (PDH (Pseudo-synchronous Digital Hierarchy)) signal will carry nearly about 2000 call in telecommunication system.Certainly, very importantly these types or similar signal have very high availability.
Communication system, particularly telecommunication system comprise a series of nodes, hardware node.These nodes it seems it is the selfreparing hardware cell as far as possible from the outside, this means that another passage that this node just should forward business to this node gets on if the professional running part of certain of a node is out of order or processing signals for a certain reason and in a suitable manner.Yet this should be imperceptible in the node outside, and also has ask for something, for example should guarantee that be acceptable break period in this case.
In some known systems, these problems be by increase switching matrix or in length and breadth board handle.The switching matrix increase becomes to have three parts in some systems, and the switching matrix increase becomes to have two parts in other systems.
And, in US-A-5 329 520, disclosed by exchanging the measure of protecting long-distance point-to-point connection in the board in length and breadth.
Yet, go back the neither one system unit such as the equipment that inserts board in length and breadth or switching matrix has been taked safeguard measure, therefore, will lose important signal as long as this unit is out of order and so on.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, what need is a kind ofly can be unit, particularly access device, and the system of protection exchange is provided.
Need be a kind of can be for unit or be used for inserting as switching matrix or in length and breadth the equipment of board (cross conetion) etc. equipment and the method for protecting or providing protection for the unit that has usually in the communication system or access device is provided.
Also needing provides relating to the protection exchange of the exigent signal of transmission parameter such as impulse waveform, decay, return loss impedance for business running portion; specifically; protection exchange to high-speed electrical signals need be provided, should satisfy such ask for something simultaneously.
What is also needed is a kind of system, equipment and method that can guarantee to protect fast exchange, that is to say, the time that is transferred to another unit under situation such as break down from a unit will lack.For many application, transit time must be very short, so that can not use the device such as electromagnetic relay.
The exchange protection measure cost that what is also needed is in communication system to be taked is both economical.
Also require the exchange protection measure of the cost economy taked to be applicable to that the line signal of electricity or external signal satisfy the communication system of very harsh requirement to the very sensitive G.703 standard of signal change.At an embodiment who is used for such communication system, signal is transformed into and the irrelevant form of signal type, can connect by the plain conductor such as coaxial cable.
In addition, also need so a kind of system/method etc., it can guarantee to protect the exchange to the very sensitive signal of exchange satisfactorily, that is to say can not produce adverse effect to signal, is unlikely related parameter to be destroyed or impaired to unacceptable degree.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of system/device, it is transformed into external signal the internal signal that can be transferred to a redundance unit unit from unit that for example can not or should not receive institute's plus signal and so on.Switching is preferably finished with two steps by first and second switching devices through the internal signal that conversion obtains.Yet, also can finish with plural step.Best first switching device comprises converting means, for example is to comprise being transformed into the input/output device that has the terminating circuit of the outside high speed signal of the internal signal of the form that exchanges little sensitivity.Yet the present invention also can be used for low speed signal, light signal, microwave signal etc.
In a preferred embodiment, unit comprises access unit.This system comprises that specifically has the protection switching equipment that several respectively comprise signal input/output unit, are connected to first switching device of unit or access unit.At least wherein several first switching devices are connected with at least one second switching device that is connected at least one redundant access unit.Need be to delivering to a unit or being that the signal of an access unit is when protecting exchange, by one first switching device and one the second protection exchange that switching device is finished to be connected to a redundance unit unit with two steps particularly.
A preferred embodiment is applicable to that external signal is the communication system of high-speed electrical signals.Yet the present invention also can be used for other signals, as low speed signal, light signal, microwave signal etc.The node of being furnished with unit or access unit for example can comprise a switching matrix or board in length and breadth.External signal can be to satisfy the high speed signal of the requirement of the G.730 standard that CCITT (ITU-T) recommends particularly.For example, signal can be 155 SDH or 140 PDH Mbps signals, and the present invention equally also can be used for other signals certainly.Particularly the present invention also can be used to have even the signal of more speed, and for example signal speed is high a lot of will serve system.
In a preferred embodiment, first switching device respectively has some adapters, and for example multiplexer and/or demultiplexer are used for transferring between a unit or the access unit and second switching device, realizes the first switching step.Best, be forwarded to redundance unit unit or access unit and/or from the redundance unit unit or access unit switching second switching device realization by being connected with each or several first switching devices.Second switching device is selected to make which first switching device be connected to the redundance unit unit by an adapter (for example multiplexer), and preferably selects to make the signal from redundant access unit send to which first switching device by a demultiplex adapter.Under signal was situation from a redundance unit unit or access unit, the so-called first switching step was carried out in second switching device in the second switching step and is then carried out in first adapter unit.In this case, signal signal transformation internally in selected first switching device is external signal.Protective ratio 1: N is provided by second switching device, is less than 1 according to the present invention, that is to say that N is more preferably greater than 1.N equals 15 or 16 in some preferred embodiments, and wherein N is the quantity that is protected the unit or the access unit of exchange protection.Yet, for the present invention, to the not restriction of quantity of this unit.Best, the quantity of first switching device is consistent with the quantity of the unit that can be protected, that is to say to be one first switching device of each unit configuration.In some other embodiment, the protection exchange energy realizes with plural step.
Be for switching matrix or in length and breadth board provide redundant or the protection exchange all can not adopted the present invention.For example, can be not protection fully, also can be double, three parts even more parts.In a certain embodiments, carrying cable of external signal or service cable directly are connected to and comprise external signal is transformed into the input/output device of internal signal (with internal signal is transformed into external signal) or first switching device of converting means.For different systems, may be also different to the requirement of transit time, the present invention is not limited to certain specific transit time.
The present invention also provides a kind of and has comprised that some are used for inserting the signalling arrangement unit of switching matrix and so on or the protection switching equipment of access unit.Under undesired and so on the situation of for example common access unit work, signal is forwarded to certain other device of this common access unit, for example a redundant access unit as an alternative by the protection switch.In this protection switching equipment, dispose input/output device, be used for carrying out the mutual exchange between external signal and the internal signal.Protection exchange is carried out internal signal, because external signal is to exchanging responsive signal, for example is to satisfy the high-speed electrical signals that G.703 the CCITT recommendation requires specifically, and the internal signal that obtains through conversion is to exchanging little sensitivity.Especially, this protection switching equipment comprises first and second switching devices, finishes the protection exchange by them with two steps.
This equipment in telecommunication system, can be used to usually the protection be connected to/from the business running portion signal of (comprising some units such as access unit).
In addition; the invention allows for a kind of comprise at least one have one such as board or switching matrix in length and breadth (backup is arranged or do not have backup) switch and the telecommunication system of the node of unit that some are used for inserting described board and so in length and breadth or access unit, wherein provide safeguard measure for described unit or access unit.In this system, disposed at least one redundant access unit and a protection switching equipment, under the situation that has (common) access unit to break down or should not use, made described redundant access unit on behalf of tandem signal owing to other reasons.The protection switching equipment comprises chromacoder, be used for carrying out external signal with to the mutual conversion between the internal signal of exchange sensitivity unlike described external signal.The protection exchange is carried out internal signal.
Specifically, the protection exchange is finished with two steps by first and second switching devices.Be preferably each access unit and be equipped with one first switching device, described first switching device comprises the described chromacoder that is used for that external signal is transformed into internal signal and internal signal is transformed into external signal.In first switching device, carry out the first switching step, between (common) access unit and one second switching device, make one's options.In second switching device, between some first switching devices, make one's options, that is to say and determine which first switching device signal will issue redundant access unit from.
For being sent to the external signal of board and so in length and breadth, carry out the first switching step earlier and carry out the second switching step again, then carry out the second switching step earlier and carry out the first switching step again for leave in length and breadth the signal of board through a redundant access unit.
The present invention also provides a kind of protection to comprise some methods such as the signal of the such peripheral unit of access unit by at least one.This method comprises the following steps: to dispose the redundance unit unit that abbreviates redundant access unit below at least one as; Dispose a protection switching equipment; If there is access unit to damage and so on, with signal converting to described redundant access unit.Especially, finish in described protection switching equipment from the signal transformation between external signal and the internal signal, exchange is only carried out internal signal.
The better preserved exchange is carried out with at least two steps.In some preferred embodiments, redundant access unit comprises the processor of control second switching device.In addition, second switching device can be ordered the first switching device execute protection exchange step, just be forwarded to/from the signal of second switching device.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of protecting the exchange high speed signal in telecommunicatio network, and this method comprises the following steps: the high speed external signal is transformed into internal signal; The signal that can not send to first a predetermined unit is carried out the first switching step, make signal send to second switching device that is connected with at least some first switching devices; And in described second switching device, carry out the second switching step, this step comprises which first switching device selection will allow signal to be sent to a redundant network unit.Then, with signals selected this redundance unit unit that sends to.Recommendable is that the mutual conversion between external signal and the internal signal is finished in first switching device.In addition, second switching device has guaranteed 1: the protection exchange ratio of N, wherein N is greater than 1.
An advantage of the invention is can be for to exchanging responsive signal; for example high speed signal is particularly to relating to exigent high-speed electrical signals such as pulse shape, return loss, impedance; protection exchange is provided, and does not have that signal is destroyed or can not satisfy the risk of these given requirements.Another advantage of the present invention is that transit time is short, specifically, is shorter than the transit time that adopts electromagnetic relay to reach.
Another advantage of the present invention is that this protection switching equipment that is proposed is very reliable, and availability itself can be owing to protecting exchange to reduce or being affected yet.Another advantage is that this protection exchange measure cost is very economical, and power loss is also low.
Brief Description Of Drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in more detail, in these accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of not taking the network node of equipment protection measure;
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of some units of being furnished with a protection switching equipment;
Fig. 3 shows the block diagram as second switching device of a specific embodiment;
Fig. 4 shows the block diagram of one first switching device; And
Fig. 5 shows the flow chart of devices illustrated protection exchange situation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows a node 100 in the telecommunicatio network very briefly.Node 100 comprises one by several terminal access units (TAU) 1 1..., 1 NWith 1 1' ... 1 N' three parts of switching matrixs (SM) 20 that can insert A, 20 B, 20 CHigh-speed electrical signals is input to three parts of switching matrixs by the terminal access unit, and from node 100 output also be high-speed electrical signals, these two kinds of signals just indicate with In and Out respectively in the drawings.Therefore, redundancy or exchange protection are provided for switching matrix (or for example numeral board) in length and breadth.Yet for node as shown in Figure 1, unpromising terminal access unit provides any protection.The terminal access unit for example can be the exchange termination (ET) in the AXE system of ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) switch or Ericsson.
Yet to be an energy take the example of the node of equipment protection (being protection to the terminal access unit at this) according to the present invention to the node that Fig. 1 simply illustrated.Certainly, if not necessarily three parts of switching matrixs also can be double, not protections fully, or more than three parts.And the present invention can be used for other units beyond terminal access unit or the exchange termination.
Fig. 2 shows several units 1 of protection 1..., 1 NThe exchange protection system, wherein N can be arbitrarily for the quantity of the unit that needs protection in principle.What some preferred embodiments were considered is that N is 15 or 16 situation.In an illustrated embodiment, unit 1 11 NBe so-called terminal access unit (TAU 1..., TAU N).An extra or redundant terminal access unit 1 N+1Be used for tandem signal under the situation that one of shielded access unit breaks down.Shown in this embodiment be used for that the line signal of electricity or external signal are essential to satisfy the G.703 telecommunicatio network of the requirement of standard.As previously described, G.703 standard is a very harsh standard.If outside exchange protection equipment of configuration outside the terminal access unit, signal just might be undermined to the degree that no longer satisfies requirement G.703.
Exchange protection equipment 10 is for constituting by this embodiment of the present invention, it comprise several respectively with unit 1 1..., 1 NCorresponding one by one first switching device 2 that disposes 12 N(also being designated as protected location PU), and one also be designated as protection adapter unit (PCU) 1: second switching device 7 of N, wherein 1: N is a protective ratio.At first switching device 2 1..., 2 NThe middle first protection switching step of carrying out is protected the switching step and carry out second in second switching device 7, and this will be illustrated below in more detail.Here said " first " and " second " are as long as title, because the order of these two switching steps execution depends on the direction of signal.That is to say,, just carry out the first switching step earlier if signal enters access unit and so on; If signal leaves redundant access unit, just carry out the second switching step earlier.External signal 11 E111 ENThe input first protection switching device 2 1..., 2 NSpecifically, external signal is to satisfy the high-speed electrical signals that G.730 requires.From first switching device 2 1..., 2 NWhat export also is external signal 12 E1..., 12 EN, this will continue to be illustrated below.
First switching device 2 1..., 2 NRespectively comprise an input/output device, be denoted as 3 1, 4 1 3 N, 4 N, these input/output devices are also referred to as converting means.At signal input apparatus 3 1..., 3 NIn, the respective external signal transformation of being imported becomes internal signal 11 Il..., 11 INTherefore, at signal input apparatus 3 1..., 3 NIn, the external signal relatively more responsive to exchange is transformed into the internal signal that can bear exchange.This means that execution becomes format conversion the format conversion of the form be more suitable for exchanging.Therefore, signal input apparatus 3 1..., 3 NThe terminating circuit that comprises effects such as for example playing impulse transfer, impedance conversion.Similar, internal signal 12 Il..., 12 INAt signal output apparatus 4 1... 4 NIn be transformed into external signal respectively, these external signals for example satisfy G.703 requirement.Dotted line 22 among Fig. 2 schematically shows G.703 signal termination place.Therefore, finished external signal is transformed into internal signal after, in first adapter 51, carry out the first switching step.In this first switching step, finish selection, the signal that enters is connected to corresponding apparatus unit or access unit 1 1..., 1 NOr be connected to redundance unit unit or access unit 1 N+1On the contrary, at each first switching device 2 1..., 2 N Second adapter 6 1..., 6 NIn, to corresponding internal signal 12 Il..., 12 INSelect, perhaps transfer from " common " access unit 1 1..., 1 NSignal, perhaps transfer from redundant access unit 1 N+1Signal.Here, first adapter 5 1..., 5 NHave the demultiplex structure, and second adapter 6 1..., 6 NHave multichannel and close line structure.First switching device is preferably arranged in the service cable linkage section, that is to say, service cable directly is connected on first switching device.First switching device also specifically is called protected location PU 1..., PU N
Therefore, if can use common access unit 1 1..., 1 N, not that is to say and break down, internal signal 11 Il..., 11 INJust be connected to corresponding common access unit 1 1..., 1 NBut, if first access unit 1 for example 1Break down or cisco unity malfunction first switching device 2 1 First adapter 5 1Get position shown in the dotted line, with internal signal 11 I1Be forwarded to second switching device 7.Second switching device 7 comprises that is the input adapter 8 that multichannel is closed line structure, can have under the inoperable situation of access unit and will deliver to redundant access unit 1 from the signal of first switching device N+1Second switching device 7 also comprises an out connector 9 that is the demultiplex structure, is used for redundant access unit 1 N+1Signal converting to the first switching device 2 that sends 1..., 2 NOne of.The second switching step of in second switching device 7, carrying out comprise from N first switching device, select one will with redundance unit unit 1 N+1The step of first switching device of AC signal.External signal (for example G.703 signal) terminating in first switching device that is configured in as close as possible service cable place as previously described, therefore protection exchange (first step and second step) is carried out internal signal.
Preferably carry out the protection exchange of internal signal with electronic circuit.In Fig. 2, SIS represents the handshaking interface with switching matrix.Switching matrix can be by any suitable mode redundant configuration, but this to be not the present invention will relate to.
Second switching device 7, promptly PSU 1: N provides 1: the protective ratio of N, N can be arbitrary integer in principle.Preferably transit time is less than 10 milliseconds.Transit time depends on error detection occurs, processing unit etc.Protection exchange of the present invention itself causes delay hardly, for example the just delay of microsecond magnitude.Certainly, transit time can be lacked, even more much shorter than 10 milliseconds, but also can be longer, and this depends on numerous factors, needs and requirement etc.Best this equipment protection switching equipment can promptly be transferred to transmission and received signal simultaneously in duplex state work.Yet the present invention is not limited thereto.In addition, protective ratio also can by the user specifically need the regulation.In a particular embodiment, second switching device (PSU) does not have microprocessor, but is subjected to redundance unit unit (TAU N+1) in processor control.In further embodiments, the second switching device PSU is furnished with processing unit, perhaps even by other means disposes.Yet, according to an embodiment, redundant access unit 1 N+1Processor be responsible for judgement.From software viewpoint (In a particular embodiment), second switching device can be processed into a distributed elements of redundant access unit.In one embodiment, from all units or access unit (just all such as such " effectively " unit of TAU) to second switching device (being PSU) uni directional communication channel is arranged all.Agreement is an on/off agreement, and is effective when a unit is asked for protection exchange.The exchange in case need protection, this unit are just protected the exchange request by disconnecting to one of the processor transmission of switching matrix with handing-over interface SI (see figure 2).Certainly, this is a kind of mode, can also use some other mode, but not explanation one by one here.The protection switching of first switching device is best to be controlled by second switching device.
In a preferred embodiment, unit, perhaps terminal access unit specifically can have the ability that disconnects with the handing-over interface when equipment protection exchange request is arranged.Perhaps some bits can be transmitted into this interface.Yet also can adopt other measures.Unit also can be responsible for the power supply to first switching device, and for these units can also be equipped with a hardware alarms channel that is connected to second switching device, but this is some specific embodiments, can power in any mode easily in principle.In addition, also not necessarily will protect switching to power supply, this also is a preferred embodiment.
Redundant terminal access unit type can be identical with common or effective terminal access unit basically.Be preferably only control channel of effective second switching device configuration in the spare space.Software design can also be become make redundant terminal access unit (or the unit of more generally saying so) protect the exchange judgement, as previously described.Preferably be responsible for controlling second switching device by this software.But this relates to a concrete preferred embodiment.
Describe the situation of second switching device 7 (PSU) in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 3.Second switching device 7 (below be designated as protection adapter unit PSU) execute protection exchange command.Receive from behind the protection of a unit (being designated as TAU) the exchange request PS req, PSU7 by control part 15 to first switching device (below be designated as PU) transmission guarded command.The control part 15 of PSU 7 also sends loop order and PSU connection (ON-and OFF-command) to the first switching device PU.To finish when exchange protection (see figure 4), and connect or activate the received signal (A) from PU to PSU, cutoff circuit order (as using the footpath in loop) (B) and provides protection exchange command (C).This means that PSU 7 controls first switching device by control protection function of exchange, return circuit and on/off from the signal of first switching device PU to the second switching device PSU.Second switching device 7 comprises several (is 16 at this) signal input apparatus 13 1... 13 16, signal 1 Il..., 1 I16By these signal input apparatus input multi-circuit combiners 8.Multi-circuit combiner 8 is a multi-circuit combiner of 17: 1 at this, that is to say that it has 17 inputs and an output.Multi-circuit combiner can be simulated, and also can be digital.1: 16 redundancy is provided in this case.Because therefore the inner looping function also is provided with a loop input unit 13 L, thereby 17 inputs are arranged.Return circuit concerning protection exchange and nonessential, also non-indispensability certainly, this is one and allows the specific embodiment tested.Multi-circuit combiner 8 need to select (by input port 23) to redundant terminal access unit TAU 17Send signal (11 I1) signal input connect.Similar, be that 1: 17 demultiplexer need redundant terminal access unit TAU to be selected 17Which first switching device the input signal that (by input port 24 and signal reproducing apparatus 16) sent here sends to.After finishing switching in demultiplexer 9, having selected one first switching device, signal is just by delivery outlet 14 1..., 14 16One of send, the internal signal of these outputs is designated as 12 Il..., 12 I16In this case, also has an extra delivery outlet 14 L, be used for constituting the input port, loop 13 that is connected to multi-circuit combiner 8 LHome loop (but also nonessential for the present invention).Watchdog logic circuit 17 is used for for example assisting cycle signal and monitors redundant terminal access unit TAU 17Signal is from TAU 1Loop back TAU 17By signal regeneration circuit 16, line signal is regenerated at sending direction.Yet such watchdog logic and signal regeneration here also are to provide as example, can adopt other solutions, even also can be without these functions.
In one embodiment, second switching device 7 comprises at least one DC/DC converter, though this is not essential for the protection exchange.In an illustrated embodiment, PSU is responsible for first switching device is powered.Yet this is a kind of mode of power supply just, and certain first switching device not necessarily will can adopt any suitable mode to power by the power supply of second switching device.But power supply in this case is dual, and this also is an advantage.Processing unit 20 is usually by its general T AU power supply, if but this TAU breaks down or when pulling down, then by PSU on behalf of power supply.
Best second switching device 7 and redundant access unit TAU 17Communication, it also receives the failure message from each " effectively " or general T AU in addition.Second switching device 7 is preferably by redundant access unit TAU 17Processor control.The logic preferred design that the protection exchange command of each PU is issued in generation becomes to make most probable failure condition will make PU be in " non-protection swap status ", that is to say, if the control logic of processing unit 20 breaks down, just can not carry out incorrect protection exchange.In an illustrated embodiment, the case of external signal is the signal of 140Mbps.In this case, TAU 17In processor to control the 140Mbps link of 16 Incomings, be equivalent to for example 32000 circuit callings.Therefore if this processor " damaged, all may interrupt, in the program of processor the most handy safety when second switching device sends order by so all Incoming business.Yet to be not the present invention will relate to for this.
Yet the present invention also is applicable to other signals certainly, for example 155Mbps signal and the signal with other bit rates.In addition, the present invention is equally applicable to the signal (at a high speed or low speed) beyond the signal of telecommunication, for example microwave signal, light signal etc.Yet, simulation part preferably according to the bit rate of signal to corresponding clock frequency optimization.
Fig. 4 shows the functional-block diagram of one first switching device 2 (being designated as processing unit 20 here).These PU preferably design for the protection exchange, and each access level needs the processing unit 20 of an itself.The protection exchange of each processing unit 20 is best by PSU control, as previously described.In an illustrated embodiment, send to three control signals that have of each processing unit 20 from PSU.Certainly, processing unit 20 also can be designed to different forms, given here just example.As previously described, can provide circulation.Processing unit 20 for example also can be taked the sort of form shown in principle among Fig. 2, includes only two adapters, has only one for example to indicate whether effectively signal of protection exchange.
First signal is called the protection exchange command, when it is effective, will not be from general T AU but from TAU towards G.703 transmission signal N+1Send through PSU.Second control signal is relevant to the signal of PSU with on/off.When it was effective, service signal was delivered to PSU from processing unit 20.At last, when the loop order is effective, sends signal and deliver to PSU.When neither one was effective in these control signals, expression was professional normal, does not therefore both protect, and does not also test.If a guarded command is arranged, and connect to the signal of PSU, that will the execute protection exchange.According to an embodiment, the loop order can be effective, and the signal to PSU is also disconnected in not switching order.In this case, send signal and be recycled PSU from an effective TAU.This is a kind of test, allows to carry out middle execution in business.The another kind of test that advantageously can carry out in business is carried out is to monitor at PSU/TAU N+1The line signal that receives.In this case, the signal to PSU is in on-state.Yet, had better not in business is carried out, a signal be looped back PSU from PSU.So, send into circuit from the signal of PSU.In this case, guarded command and loop order are effective, and the signal of the PSU that arrives disconnects.
In Fig. 4, the line signal 11 of reception E1At the first switching device PU 1Input port 3 1Receive.If supposing this is a G.703 signal, it is just in described input port 3 so 1Stop.Signal 11 I1(being the internal signal that conversion obtains) delivers to TAU 1But if a protection exchange command is arranged, and be switched to the signal of PSU, signal is also through first adapter 5 so 1Be forwarded to PSU, that is to say that signal both delivered to TAU and also delivered to PSU.Transmission signal from general T AU can pass through multi-circuit combiner 6 1Be forwarded to delivery outlet 4 1, be transformed into G.703 signal 12 there E1But if a guarded command is arranged, and transfer from the signal of PSU, that is to say the signal that PSU sends, this signal is just through multi-circuit combiner 6 so 1Be forwarded to signal output apparatus or delivery outlet 4 1, be transformed into the outside signal 12 that sends E1The loop demultiplexer 5 that is disposed L(just, for protection, not needing) in order to test the loop order is arranged or the loop order is arranged and the situation of protection exchange command under activate.Yet this is objectionable in business is carried out, as previously described.
Handle (being conversion) owing to need that in input port and delivery outlet external signal is carried out terminating respectively, therefore need to power to first switching device.As previously described, this can realize by second switching device.In an illustrated embodiment, by TAU and PSU dual power supply, voltage is+12V.Therefore the power supply of processing unit 20 also is protected in this case.Certainly also just as an example, any other value also is fine+12V.
Figure 5 illustrates the flow chart of a relevant preferred embodiment.Suppose HW fault (step 201) to occur at TAUi.After detecting this HW fault (step 202), just HW fault detect information is delivered to PSU (step 203A) and/or delivered to switching processor (step 203B).Preferably make protection exchange judgement (step 205) by exchange treatment S P.Then, two mutual interchangeable schemes are arranged.The first string is to redundant access unit TAU N+1Send a guarded command (step 206).At TAU N+1After handling this protection exchange command (step 207), send a protection exchange command (step 208) to the PSU control part.Yet, in first embodiment, can be behind step 203A, PSU sends a protection exchange command (step 208) to the control part of PSU.Therefore, still relevant with two different embodiments through step 203A through step 203B.
In addition, to redundant TAU N+1Carry out initialization (step 209).Second kind of possibility is not protect exchange command (step 206B).This for example can be that the protection exchange has been used for another TAU.So, just this information is sent to center processor SP (step 207B).
Yet, after protection exchange command (step 208) is sent in PSU control, just to Pu iSend a protection exchange (PS) order (step 210).So loop order (as having used the words of this function) disconnects, connect guarded command and signal is delivered to the PSU order.
The protection exchange command is also delivered to the MUX/DEMUX of PSU, makes it select sequence number I/O (step 211) for it.
Then, at Pu iWith PSU execute protection exchange (step 212,213).After having carried out PS, mean that system has been ready to by redundancy unit TAU N+1Take over professional (step 214).So, TAU N+1Take over professional (step 215), with the processor controls CP (step 216) of advisory system.
Therefore, an advantage of the invention is can be with the exchange of the much better electronic circuit protection internal signal of sex ratio reliably and with long-term such as electromagnetic relay.Another advantage is 1: the protection of N (N is greater than 1) provides much smaller redundancy, this means in order to obtain the spendable extra cost of much higher availability lower.For example for 1: 16 the protection extra cost less than 10%, for 1: 1 the protection extra cost then be 100%.In addition, as long as simply change in first switching device or in front the market demands that just can adapt to different cable/contacts in the described processing unit 20 of each specific embodiment in addition, that is to say, for different market demands is that processing unit is different, and secondary frame, base plate, TAU plate and TSU plate all are identical for all users.Therefore, be easy to adapt to market, very economical.Another advantage is that power consumption is lower.
More than cited embodiment mainly be meant protection terminal access unit, particularly terminal unit, be responsible for that just line signal for example delivered to board in length and breadth and from the circuit board of board outlet line signal.Yet the present invention also can provide the protection exchange to the unit of other types naturally.The present invention also can be changed in other respects, and these changes do not depart from the scope of patent protection of the present invention of claims defined.

Claims (30)

1. protect the system that exchanges for one kind in the communication system that comprises many nodes such such as telecommunications network, each described node comprises that some are used for inserting the signalling arrangement unit (1 of this node 1... 1 NTAU X; X=1 ..., N), the feature of described system is: described system comprise protection be connected to/from least one redundance unit unit (1 of the signal of described unit N+1TAU N+1) and a protection switching equipment (10), described protection switching equipment (10) comprises that some are connected to corresponding access unit (1 respectively 1... 1 NTAU X; X=1 ..., N) first switching device (2 1... 2 N), the signal input/output unit (3 of mutual conversion between external traffic signal of providing and the interior business signal respectively is provided for they 1... 3 N4 1... 4 N); And at least some first switching devices (2 1... 2 N) be connected to and described at least one redundance unit unit (1 N+1TAU N+1) at least one second switching device (7 of connecting; PSU1: N), make needs for be connected to/from unit (1 1... 1 NTAU X; X=1 ..., N) one of signal protect when exchange, finish protection exchange by one of described first switching device and described second switching device with at least two steps to internal signal, make it to be connected to/from a redundant access unit (TAU N+1).
2. by the described system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described external signal (11 E1... 11 EN12 E1... 12 EN) be high speed signal.
3. by the described system of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described external signal is the low speed signal of telecommunication, microwave signal or light signal.
4. by claim 1 or 2 described systems, it is characterized in that: described signal is the signal of telecommunication.
5. by the described system of above any one claim, it is characterized in that: described node comprises a switching matrix or board in length and breadth.
6. by claim 4 or 5 described systems, it is characterized in that: described external signal should satisfy and the G.703 requirement of corresponding standard of CCITT recommendation.
7. by the described system of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described signal is the STM signal of 155Mbps.
8. by the described system of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described signal is the signal of 140Mbps.
9. by the described system of above any one claim, it is characterized in that: described first switching device (2 1... 2 NPU X; X=1 ..., N) comprise that respectively one for example is first adapter (5 of a demultiplexer 1... 5 N) and one for example be second adapter (6 of a multi-circuit combiner 1... 6 N), be used for finishing to/from the switching of a unit or second switching device (7), realize the first switching step.
10. by the described system of claim 9, it is characterized in that: described second switching device (7; PSU 1: N) with each first switching device (PU X; X=1 ..., NN) or one of them a little connection, be used to provide to/from a redundant access unit (1 N+1TAU N+1) switching, realize the second switching step.
11., it is characterized in that: described second switching device (7 by the described system of claim 9; PSU) comprise that one for example is the input adapter (8) of a multi-circuit combiner, be used for selecting to make first switching device (2 1... 2 NPU X; X=1 ..., N) in which first switching device (PU 1) be connected to redundance unit unit (1 N+1TAU N+1), that is to say which first switching device selection will make signal is sent to redundancy unit.
12., it is characterized in that: described second switching device (7 by the described system of above any one claim; PSU) comprise that one for example is the output adapter (9) of demultiplexer, be used for selecting to make from a redundant access unit (1 N+1TAU N+1) signal send to some first switching devices (2 1... 2 NPU x) in which first switching device; And the described first switching step was carried out before internal signal is transformed into external signal.
13. by the described system of above any one claim, it is characterized in that: described second switching device (PSU1: N) provide, with the quantity N corresponding protection of the shielded unit of need than (1:, that is to say that N is greater than 1 N) less than 1.
14., it is characterized in that: described N=15 or 16 by the described system of claim 13.
15. the described system of any one claim by among the claim 4-14 is characterized in that: described switching matrix (SM) is that do not add protection or double.
16. by the described system of any one claim among the claim 4-14, described switching matrix (SM) be three parts or more than three parts.
17. by the described system of above any one claim, it is characterized in that: (user) cable that respectively is loaded with external signal directly is connected to corresponding first switching device (2 respectively 1... 2 NPU X; X=1 ..., N).
18. by the described system of above any one claim, it is characterized in that: transit time is less than about 10 milliseconds.
19. one kind is used for for example having at least one and comprises that at least one interchanger and some are used for inserting the signalling arrangement unit (1 of described interchanger 1... 1 NTAU 1..., TAU N) the protection switching equipment (10) of communication system of node, it is characterized in that: described protection switching equipment (10) comprises the signal input/output unit (3 that external signal is transformed into internal signal and internal signal is transformed into external signal 1... 3 N4 1..., 4 N) and can not or should not deliver to conventional equipment unit (1 at signal 1... 1 NTAU 1..., TAU N) one of situation under with signal converting to a redundance unit unit (1 N+1TAU N+1) and transfer from this redundance unit unit (1 N+1TAU N+1) the switching device (2 of signal 1..., 2 N, 7); And this protection exchange is only carried out internal signal.
20., it is characterized in that: at least some external signals (11 by the described protection switching equipment of claim 19 E1..., 11 EN12 E1..., 12 EN) be high-speed electrical signals, these signals are exchanged in described input/output device the not very sensitive internal signal (11 of exchange I1..., 11 IN) or to the not very sensitive internal signal (12 of conversion Il..., 12 IN) conversion draws.
21. by claim 19 or 20 described protection switching equipment, it is characterized in that: described protection switching device comprises first and second switching devices (2 1..., 2 N, 7), provide the protection exchange with two steps.
22. by the described protection switching equipment of claim 21, it is characterized in that: in the first switching step, signal converting to/from conventional equipment unit (1 1... 1 NTAU 1..., TAU N), if feasible like this; Otherwise be connected to/from second switching device (7).
23., it is characterized in that: at second switching device (7 by the described protection switching equipment of claim 22; PSU) in, selection will make which first switching device in some first switching devices be connected to redundancy unit (1 N+1TAU N+1) and so on; And the quantity of the quantity of first switching device and unit is corresponding.
24., it is characterized in that: described second switching device (7 by the described protection switching equipment of claim 23; PSU) with each described first switching device (2 1... 2 NPU 1..., PU N) connect, and be connected to a redundance unit unit (1 N+1TAU N+1) and so on.
25. one kind in communication system protection enter several respectively and be used for the method for each external signal of network device unit of access switch and so on, described method comprises the following steps:
External signal is transformed into internal signal;
If a signal can not be sent to first a predetermined unit, just carry out the first switching step, this signal is sent to second switching device that is connected with first switching device of giving determined number at least;
In described second switching device, carry out the second switching step, with described signal converting to a redundance unit unit; And
With the signals selected redundance unit unit that sends to.
26. method as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that: in first switching device, realize the mutual conversion between external signal and the internal signal.
27. by claim 25 or 26 described methods, it is characterized in that: described second switching device guarantees 1: the switching of N, wherein N is more than or equal to the unit number.
28. the method for each signal of protection by at least one node in communication system, described node comprise that such being used for inserts the unit of described node such as access unit for a central switching facility and some, described method comprises the following steps:
Dispose at least one redundancy unit, a unit can not/in the time of should not using, replace receipts/signalling;
Dispose a protection switching equipment;
If there is a unit to damage and so on, via described redundancy unit switching signal, the quantity of unit is more than the quantity of redundancy unit; And
Before the protection exchange, external signal is transformed into internal signal, and after the protection exchange, internal signal is transformed into external signal.
29. one kind comprises that at least one has the telecommunication system of node that a centrex (SM) and some are used for inserting the unit of described centrex, is characterized in that: at least some node configuration at least one redundance unit unit (1 is arranged N+1TAU N+1) and an equipment protection equipment; And described protection equipment comprises the signal input/output unit (3 that mutual conversion between the outer/inner signal is provided 1... 3 N4 1..., 4 N) and switching be connected to/from described redundance unit unit (1 N+1TAU N+1) first and second switching devices (2 of signal 1..., 2 N, 7), exchange is only carried out internal signal.
30., it is characterized in that: described signal input/output unit (3 by the described telecommunication system of claim 29 1... 3 N4 1..., 4 N) be configured in described first switching device (2 1..., 2 N) in, in first switching device, be connected to/from unit (1 1... 1 NTAU 1..., TAU N) or the signal of second switching device (7), and in second switching device, be connected to/from described redundance unit unit (1 N+1TAU N+1) signal.
CN 97194142 1996-03-04 1997-03-04 System, arrangement and method relating to protection in a communications system and a telecommunications sytsem with a protection arrangement Pending CN1217102A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9600825A SE508487C2 (en) 1996-03-04 1996-03-04 Method and device for protective switching in a telecommunication system
SE96008255 1996-03-04

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CN1217102A true CN1217102A (en) 1999-05-19

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CN (1) CN1217102A (en)
AU (1) AU2110897A (en)
BR (1) BR9707927A (en)
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WO (1) WO1997033380A1 (en)

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FI103857B (en) * 1996-10-10 1999-09-30 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Telecommunication center and transmission of telecommunication signals

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CA1130900A (en) * 1978-02-01 1982-08-31 Kanzi Tawara Time division telephone switching systems
JPS62253231A (en) * 1986-01-07 1987-11-05 Fujitsu Ltd Active/standby changeover system
DE3808615A1 (en) * 1988-03-15 1989-10-05 Nixdorf Computer Ag TELECOMMUNICATION EXTENSION FOR BROADBAND SIGNAL TRANSMISSION

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SE9600825L (en) 1997-11-03
AU2110897A (en) 1997-09-22
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SE9600825D0 (en) 1996-03-04
EP0891657A1 (en) 1999-01-20
BR9707927A (en) 1999-07-27

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