Generator with high-efficient defoaming structure and absorption refrigerating system thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of absorption refrigeration, in particular to a generator with an efficient defoaming structure and an absorption refrigeration system thereof.
Background
An absorption refrigeration system uses binary solution as working medium, wherein the low boiling point component is used as refrigerant, i.e. uses its evaporation to make refrigeration, and the high boiling point component is used as absorbent, i.e. uses its absorption action on refrigerant vapour to complete working cycle.
For example, a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system uses pure water as a refrigerant, namely, the pure water is evaporated and absorbed under a high vacuum environment to realize a refrigeration function, refrigerant steam after absorbing heat and evaporating is absorbed by a lithium bromide solution, transported, heated and regenerated, condensed, and after being changed back to a liquid state again, the refrigerant steam absorbs heat and evaporates again, and the refrigeration cycle is continuously carried out.
In an absorption refrigeration system, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, and a generator are main components for realizing a refrigeration cycle. At present, the generator in the absorption refrigeration unit mostly adopts the structure of a kettle type reboiler (BKU), and a gas-liquid separation element (a liquid baffle plate and a silk screen foam remover) is arranged in a gas bag on the kettle body and is used for separating gas and liquid of the gas refrigerant resolved from the kettle body.
However, the structure of the gas-liquid separation element arranged on the existing generator is relatively simple, and it is difficult to sufficiently and effectively separate the gas refrigerant into gas and liquid, so that the overall refrigeration efficiency of the refrigeration system is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to solve the problems that a gas-liquid separation element arranged on a generator in the prior art is simple in structure and cannot sufficiently and effectively separate gas and liquid of a gas refrigerant, and provides the generator with an efficient defoaming structure and an absorption refrigeration system of the generator.
2. Technical proposal
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, a generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure is provided, comprising a generator body, wherein the defoaming structure is arranged above the generator body and is used for defoaming high-pressure gaseous refrigerant led out of the generator body;
The top of the shell is provided with a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet for guiding out the defoamed high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, the bottom of the shell is provided with a plurality of high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet ports, and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet ports are communicated with the top of the generator body and used for guiding the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant generated by the generator body into the shell;
the top of pipe case is equipped with the rich liquid inlet for leading-in rich liquid, the bottom of pipe case is equipped with a plurality of rich liquid exports, rich liquid export is linked together with the generator body for leading-in rich liquid into the generator body.
In some possible implementations, the vertical sieve plate module includes a tray and a plurality of vertical sieve plates, the tray is horizontally disposed in the housing, one end of the tray offsets against the inner wall of the tube box, one end of the tray, far away from the tube box, is provided with a liquid drop port for introducing the rich liquid into the lower part of the tray, a plurality of vertical sieve plates are all fixed with the top of the tray, and a vent corresponding to the vertical sieve plates is disposed on the tray for introducing the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into the vertical sieve plates.
In some possible implementations, a partition plate is fixedly connected to the inner top of the pipe box, a flow channel is arranged between the partition plate and the tower plate and used for guiding the rich liquid to the vertical sieve plate, and a liquid level sensor is arranged on one side, away from the vertical sieve plate, of the partition plate and used for monitoring the liquid level above the tower plate.
In some possible implementations, an overflow weir is fixedly connected to the top of the tray near one end of the downcomer for maintaining the liquid level above the tray.
In some possible implementations, a first wire mesh demister is installed in the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet, a second wire mesh demister is arranged below the tower plate, and two ends of the second wire mesh demister are respectively propped against the shell and the inner wall of the pipe box and are used for demisting the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant.
In some possible implementations, the rich liquid outlet is provided with a flow control valve for controlling the flow of the rich liquid introduced into the generator body, and the plurality of high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet ports are provided with one-way valves therein to prevent the rich liquid from flowing into the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet ports.
In some possible implementations, the inner top of the shell and the bottom of the tower plate are fixedly connected with a flow guide plate, so that a flow guide effect is achieved on the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant.
In some possible implementations, the vertical screen plate includes a cap cover and a top plate, a plurality of injection holes are formed in the cap cover in a surrounding manner and used for inhibiting entrainment, a bottom gap is formed between the cap cover and the tray and used for introducing rich liquid into the cap cover, the top plate is fixedly connected with the top of the cap cover through a plurality of connecting rods, a top gap is formed between the top plate and the cap cover and used for inhibiting entrainment, an arc guide cylinder is arranged in the cap cover and fixedly connected with the top of the air vent, and the rich liquid is prevented from directly flowing into the air vent.
In a second aspect, an absorption refrigeration system is provided, including an absorber, an evaporator, a condenser, a precooler, a GAX heat exchanger, and a GVX heat exchanger, and further including a generator having a high-efficiency defoaming structure as described above.
In some possible implementations, the rich liquid outlet of the GAX heat exchanger is in communication with the rich liquid inlet of the defoaming structure for introducing the rich liquid into the defoaming structure, and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet of the defoaming structure is in communication with the gaseous refrigerant inlet of the condenser for introducing the defoamed high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into the condenser.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the invention, the vertical sieve plate type defoaming structure is arranged, so that the defoaming treatment of the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant generated by the generator can be rapidly and comprehensively performed, and the overall refrigerating efficiency of the refrigerating system is effectively improved.
(2) In the invention, the vertical sieve plate module can convert the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-speed gas stream, impact and break the rich liquid layer on the tower plate to form the jet state contact of the intense mixing of the gas phase and the liquid phase, thereby not only improving the mass transfer efficiency, but also comprehensively and quickly removing foam of the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant.
(3) According to the invention, the liquid level sensor can monitor the rich liquid level above the tower plate, when the rich liquid level is too low, the rich liquid pumping capacity of the solution pump can be improved, when the rich liquid level is too high, the flow control valve is adjusted to the full-open position, and the rich liquid pumping capacity of the solution pump is reduced, so that the defoaming effect of the defoaming structure on the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a generator with an efficient defoaming structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a tray in a generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the a-a direction in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A of FIG. 1;
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an arc-shaped guide cylinder in a generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure;
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of an absorption refrigeration system according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a generator body, 101, a heat source inlet, 102, a heat source outlet, 103, a lean liquid outlet, 104, a heat exchange structure, 2, a shell, 3, a tube box, 4, a connecting flange, 5, a high-pressure gas refrigerant outlet, 6, a high-pressure gas refrigerant inlet, 7, a rich liquid inlet, 8, a rich liquid outlet, 9, a tower plate, 10, a vertical sieve plate, 1001, a cap cover, 1002, a top plate, 1003, an injection hole, 1004, a bottom gap, 1005, a connecting rod, 1006, a top gap, 1007, an arc-shaped guide cylinder, 11, a liquid drop port, 12, a vent, 13, a baffle plate, 14, a liquid level sensor, 15, an overflow weir, 16, a first wire foam remover, 17, a flow control valve, 18, a one-way valve, 19, a guide plate, 20 and a second wire foam remover are shown.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure comprises a generator body 1, wherein the generator body 1 comprises a heat source inlet 101, a heat source outlet 102, a heat exchange structure 104 and a lean solution outlet 103, the heat source inlet 101 is used for introducing a low-grade heat source and heating rich solution through the heat exchange structure 104 to generate high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and lean solution, and a defoaming structure is arranged above the generator body 1 and is used for defoaming the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant led out by the generator body 1.
In the embodiment of the application, the defoaming structure comprises a shell 2 and a tube box 3, wherein the tube box 3 is fixedly connected with the shell 2 through a connecting flange 4, and the tube box 3 can be disassembled so as to facilitate cleaning and maintenance in the tube box 3 and the shell 2, and a vertical sieve plate module is fixedly connected in the shell 2 and used for separating gas and liquid of high-pressure gaseous refrigerant.
In the embodiment of the application, the top of the shell 2 is provided with the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 5 for guiding out the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant after defoaming, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 5 is internally provided with the first wire mesh foam remover 16 for further defoaming the guided-out high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, the lower part of the tower plate 9 is provided with the second wire mesh foam remover 20, two ends of the second wire mesh foam remover 20 respectively prop against the shell 2 and the inner wall of the pipe box 3 to assist in defoaming the guided-in high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the mesh diameter of the second wire mesh foam remover 20 is larger than that of the first wire mesh foam remover 16, so that the smoothness of the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant at the position of the second wire mesh foam remover 20 is ensured.
In the embodiment of the application, a plurality of high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet ports 6 are arranged at the bottom of the shell 2, and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet ports 6 are communicated with the top of the generator body 1 and are used for guiding the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant generated by the generator body 1 into the shell 2.
In the embodiment of the application, a rich liquid inlet 7 is arranged at the top of the tube box 3 and is used for introducing rich liquid subjected to heat exchange of the GAX heat exchanger, a plurality of rich liquid outlet 8 are arranged at the bottom of the tube box 3, the rich liquid outlet 8 is communicated with the generator body 1 and is used for introducing rich liquid into the generator body 1, a flow control valve 17 is arranged on the rich liquid outlet 8 and is used for controlling the flow rate of the rich liquid introduced into the generator body 1, and a one-way valve 18 is arranged in each of the plurality of high-pressure gas refrigerant inlet 6 and is used for preventing the rich liquid from flowing into the high-pressure gas refrigerant inlet 6.
In some possible implementation manners, referring to fig. 2-3, the vertical sieve plate module includes a tray 9 and a plurality of vertical sieve plates 10, the tray 9 is horizontally disposed in the housing 2, the inner top of the housing 2 and the bottom of the tray 9 are fixedly connected with a deflector 19, so as to play a role in guiding high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, one end of the tray 9 abuts against the inner wall of the pipe box 3, one end of the tray 9, away from the pipe box 3, is provided with a liquid dropping port 11, and is used for guiding rich liquid overflowing over the overflow weir 15 to the lower part of the tray 9.
In the embodiment of the application, a plurality of vertical sieve plates 10 are fixed with the top of a column plate 9, a vent 12 corresponding to the vertical sieve plates 10 is arranged on the column plate 9 and used for guiding high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into the vertical sieve plates 10, and an overflow weir 15 is fixedly connected with the top of one end of the column plate 9, which is close to a liquid dropping port 11, and is used for maintaining the liquid layer height above the column plate 9.
In some possible implementations, referring to fig. 4-5, the vertical screen plate 10 includes a cap 1001 and a top plate 1002, a plurality of injection holes 1003 are formed around the cap 1001 to inhibit entrainment, and at the same time, when the rising high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passes through the injection holes, a horizontal or oblique downward injection velocity is given to form a high-speed gas stream, and the directional injected gas stream directly impacts the liquid layer on the tray 9 to break the liquid phase into fine droplets, liquid mist or foam, so as to greatly raise the gas-liquid contact area, and a bottom gap 1004 is formed between the cap 1001 and the tray 9 for introducing rich liquid into the cap 1001.
In the embodiment of the application, the top plate 1002 is fixedly connected with the top of the cap 1001 through a plurality of connecting rods 1005, a top gap 1006 is arranged between the top plate 1002 and the cap 1001 to provide a gas phase ascending channel, reduce the flow resistance, inhibit entrainment and avoid back mixing, an arc-shaped guide cylinder 1007 is arranged in the cap 1001, and the arc-shaped guide cylinder 1007 is fixedly connected with the top of the air vent 12 to prevent rich liquid from directly flowing into the air vent 12.
In the embodiment of the application, the baffle 13 is fixedly connected to the inner top of the pipe box 3, so that impact of rich liquid on the vertical sieve plate 10 is reduced, a flow channel is arranged between the baffle 13 and the tower plate 9 and used for guiding the rich liquid to the vertical sieve plate 10, and a liquid level sensor 14 is arranged on one side of the baffle 13 away from the vertical sieve plate 10 and used for monitoring the liquid level above the tower plate 9 and preventing the liquid level above the tower plate 9 from being too high or too low.
In the embodiment of the application, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is generated in the generator body 1 and is led into the shell 2 through the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet 6, meanwhile, rich liquid is led into the upper part of the tower plate 9 through the rich liquid inlet 7, under the action of the overflow weir 15, the rich liquid forms a liquid layer with a certain thickness on the surface of the tower plate 9, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the cap 1001 through the vent 12 and is driven by the bottom gap 1004 to spray out of the plurality of spray holes 1003, and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant exchanges heat with the liquid layer, and at the same time, foam removal of the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is realized, then the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows upwards through the spray holes 1003 and the top gap 1006 and is led out from the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 5, and liquid drops sprayed by the spray holes fall down to reenter the liquid layer.
In some possible implementations, referring to fig. 6, an absorption refrigeration system includes an absorber, an evaporator, a condenser, a precooler, a GAX heat exchanger, and a GVX heat exchanger, and also includes the generator with the efficient defoaming structure described above.
In the embodiment of the application, a rich liquid outlet of the GAX heat exchanger is communicated with a rich liquid inlet 7 of the defoaming structure and is used for guiding the rich liquid into the defoaming structure, and a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 5 of the defoaming structure is communicated with a gaseous refrigerant inlet of the condenser and is used for guiding the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant after defoaming into the condenser.
In the embodiment of the application, a heat source enters the generator body 1 to heat the rich liquid in the generator body 1, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant generated by heating enters the condenser to be cooled into the high-pressure liquid refrigerant after being defoamed by the defoamed structure, the high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator to be cooled after being subjected to heat exchange by the GVX heat exchanger, the lean liquid generated by the generator body 1 enters the precooler after being subjected to heat exchange by the GAX heat exchanger, then enters the absorber after being subjected to pressure reduction by the pressure reduction valve, and absorbs the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant generated by the evaporator to form the rich liquid, then the rich liquid is re-pressurized by the solution pump and is led into the GAX heat exchanger to be subjected to heat exchange, and the rich liquid after heat exchange enters the defoamed structure to be subjected to defoamed by the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and then enters the generator body 1 to be circulated.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.