CN120889512B - Inclination correction eccentric drilling tool and inclination correction method - Google Patents

Inclination correction eccentric drilling tool and inclination correction method

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Publication number
CN120889512B
CN120889512B CN202511415192.7A CN202511415192A CN120889512B CN 120889512 B CN120889512 B CN 120889512B CN 202511415192 A CN202511415192 A CN 202511415192A CN 120889512 B CN120889512 B CN 120889512B
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China
Prior art keywords
eccentric
drilling tool
drilling
outer tube
drill bit
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CN202511415192.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN120889512A (en
Inventor
刘志强
丁向忠
谷孝宾
李秋玥
赵祥
曹昌兴
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Jinshi Drilling Tangshan Technology Co ltd
Golden Stone Drilling Tangshan Ltd By Share Ltd
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Jinshi Drilling Tangshan Technology Co ltd
Golden Stone Drilling Tangshan Ltd By Share Ltd
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Priority to CN202511415192.7A priority Critical patent/CN120889512B/en
Publication of CN120889512A publication Critical patent/CN120889512A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/10—Correction of deflected boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/02—Core bits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
    • E21B25/02—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver being insertable into, or removable from, the borehole without withdrawing the drilling pipe
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an inclination correction eccentric drilling tool and an inclination correction method, and belongs to the technical field of geological core drilling. The technical scheme is that in the drilling process, if the inclination of the drilling hole occurs, the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool is replaced to drill, and when the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool rotates, the generated centrifugal force, contact pressure and hydrodynamic effect are uneven in the circumferential direction of the drilling hole, so that the inclination correction radial force applied to the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool by the wall of the drilling hole can be balanced, and the drilling track is pushed to be corrected gradually. The invention has the advantages that the invention is applied to rope coring drilling, not only can prevent the running and the tilting of the drilling tool, but also can correct the running and the tilting of the drilling tool, actively counteracts or balances the deflection force, inhibits the running and the tilting, improves the stability of the drilling tool in the easy-running stratum drilling, and inhibits the unexpected change of azimuth angle and inclination angle.

Description

Inclination correction eccentric drilling tool and inclination correction method
Technical Field
The invention relates to an inclination correction eccentric drilling tool and an inclination correction method, and belongs to the technical field of geological core drilling.
Background
In geological drilling, the drilling tool comprises an outer tube, a reamer and a rope coring bit which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the outer tube drives the reamer and the rope coring bit to rotate so as to carry out geological drilling. Geological drilling has strict requirements on the drilling track, usually expressed in terms of inclination and azimuth, and when the inclination and azimuth of the drilling are shifted back and forth, the drilling track becomes a downward spiral. If the hole trajectory deviates from the design azimuth and inclination, it is commonly referred to as "run-out". In order to avoid the occurrence of 'run-out', chinese patent application CN202410020560.7, entitled "a drilling device and method for preventing run-out of a borehole". The patent application discloses a device consisting of a pilot bit, a reaming bit, a high-precision drill string (straightness < 1:6000) and a high-strength drill string, and a method for drilling a casing pipe and an easy-to-run inclined stratum at a high rotating speed by twice, wherein the deflection problem caused by swinging of the low-precision drill string in a single easy-to-run inclined stratum is effectively solved by matching the mechanical structures of small-diameter guiding and large-diameter reaming.
However, in the practical geological drilling construction process, the technical scheme has functional limitation that the core of the technical scheme is focused on preventing the drill hole from being inclined, namely, the inclination risk is prevented and reduced from the source by optimizing the structure and the drilling flow, and if the drill hole is inclined, the patent cannot correct the track. Under complex geological conditions, even if the anti-deviation measures are adopted, the drilling hole can be deviated by 0.5-2 degrees due to uncontrollable factors such as sudden stratum changes (such as local ultra-hard interlayer and fault fracture zone), instantaneous fluctuation of drilling parameters and the like. The main reason for the occurrence of the inclination in the actual geological drilling construction process is that when geological drilling is carried out on the stratum easy to incline, the rope core drilling tool symmetrically designed in the prior art has obvious problems, and the drilling tool is influenced by factors such as uneven geological conditions, dead weight eccentric force, drilling pressure and the like in the hole, can be subjected to lateral unbalanced force, so that the drilling track is easy to deviate from the designed azimuth angle and the inclination angle. The accuracy of geological data is affected by the inclination, the equipment loss is increased, the subsequent drilling difficulty is increased, the cost is increased, and the drilling is possibly scrapped when serious.
At present, once the inclination is generated, the prior art can only replace a special inclination correction drilling tool (such as an eccentric wedge and an elbow joint drilling tool) by lifting the drill to drill again for correction, so that the purchasing cost of the inclination correction drilling tool is required to be additionally input, the construction time of 3-8 hours can be wasted due to repeated lifting and drilling, the drilling efficiency is greatly reduced, and particularly, the time and economic cost loss in the inclination correction process are more remarkable in deep holes (> 1500 m) or field drilling scenes with severe environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an inclination correction eccentric drilling tool and an inclination correction method, which are applied to rope coring drilling, can prevent the inclination of the drilling tool, can correct the inclination of the drilling tool, actively counteract or balance the inclined force, inhibit the inclination, improve the stability of the drilling tool in the easy-to-incline stratum drilling, inhibit the unexpected change of azimuth and inclination, and solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The eccentric drilling tool comprises an asymmetric outer tube, a reamer and an eccentric rope coring drill, wherein the asymmetric outer tube, the reamer and the eccentric rope coring drill are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the asymmetric outer tube is an eccentric tube body with uneven wall thickness, threads are arranged at two ends of the asymmetric outer tube, the rotation axis L1 of the eccentric tube coincides with the rotation axes of threads at two ends of the asymmetric outer tube, the eccentric rope coring drill is parallel to and does not coincide with the geometric central axis L2 of the eccentric tube body, an eccentric distance e 1 is formed between the rotation axis L1 and the geometric central axis L2, the eccentric rope coring drill comprises a drill body and a rigid body which are of an integral structure, the drill body is of an asymmetric structure, the rotation center line L4 of the eccentric rope coring drill coincides with the symmetry center line of the rigid body, the symmetry center line L3 of the drill body is parallel to the rotation center line L4 of the drill, the eccentric distances e 2,e1 and e 2 are equal to each other, the reamer is connected with the lower end of the asymmetric outer tube through threads, the rotation axis L1 of the reamer is in threaded connection with the geometric central axis L2 of the eccentric rope coring drill, the rotation axis L6 is the rotation center line of the drill body is the same as the rotation center line of the drill body, and the rotation center line of the eccentric drill is 6 is located at one side of the rotation center of the drill body 3, and the rotation center of the drill is 6 is located at one side of the rotation center of the rotation axis L6 of the drill, and the axial line is located at the same side of the rotation axis of the drill L6.
Further, the geometric central axis L2 and the carcass symmetry central axis L3 are located on a straight line, the straight line formed by the geometric central axis L2 and the carcass symmetry central axis L3 is a drilling tool geometric central axis L7, the eccentricity between the drilling tool geometric central axis L7 and the drilling tool rotation axis L6 is e, e=e 1=e2, and the drilling tool geometric central axis L7 rotates around the drilling tool rotation axis L6.
Further, the outer pipe wall of the asymmetric outer pipe is provided with a spiral convex edge.
Further, the two ends of the asymmetric outer tube are respectively provided with an asymmetric outer tube male thread and an asymmetric outer tube female thread, the end part of the rigid body at the upper end of the eccentric rope coring bit is provided with a bit thread, and the reamer is respectively connected with the asymmetric outer tube female thread at the lower end of the asymmetric outer tube and the bit thread of the eccentric rope coring rigid body through threads.
The symmetrical central line L3 of the carcass of the eccentric rope coring bit and the geometric central axis L2 of the asymmetric outer tube are positioned on the same side of the rotation axis L6 of the drilling tool, the eccentric directions of the eccentric rope coring bit and the asymmetric outer tube are consistent, and the eccentric rope coring bit and the asymmetric outer tube act on the same side of the drilling tool together, so that the centrifugal force of the bit is larger when the bit is used for rotary cutting, and the easy-to-run inclined radial force of the hole wall to the drilling tool can be reduced or counteracted. When the asymmetric outer tube rotates, centrifugal force, contact pressure and hydrodynamic force effect generated by the asymmetric outer tube are uneven in the circumferential direction, the oblique radial force applied to the drilling tool by the hole wall can be balanced, a radial supporting point can be provided when the convex spiral convex edges on the outer tube wall of the asymmetric outer tube are contacted with the hole wall, axial support and circumferential rotation are combined, a more stable centralizing and oblique correcting effect is generated, and the drilling tool is prevented from being inclined.
In order to ensure the consistency of the eccentric rope core drill and the eccentric direction of the asymmetric outer tube, the starting point of the connecting thread is controlled, so that the symmetrical central line L3 of the carcass of the eccentric rope core drill and the geometric central line L2 of the asymmetric outer tube act on the same side of the drilling tool together to form stronger and continuous deviation rectifying resultant force, the stratum deflection is effectively resisted, and the whole formed drilling hole is prevented from being bent in an easily-inclined direction.
A method for correcting the deviation of an inclined eccentric drilling tool by using the inclined eccentric drilling tool includes such steps as changing the inclined eccentric drilling tool to drill if the deviation of the drilling hole is generated in the drilling process, and when the inclined eccentric drilling tool rotates, the centrifugal force, contact pressure and hydrodynamic effect generated by the inclined eccentric drilling tool are not uniform in the circumferential direction of the drilling hole, so that the inclined radial force applied to the inclined eccentric drilling tool by the wall of the hole can be balanced to push the drilling track to be corrected gradually.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, detecting the bending position and the bending angle theta of a drilling hole;
s2, setting the eccentricity e of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool and the speed omega of the rotation angle according to the bending angle theta;
s3, connecting an asymmetric outer tube of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool to the lower part of a drilling rod system of the drilling machine, so that the eccentric rope coring bit is pushed along the axial direction of the drilling hole and rotates at an angular speed omega;
S4, forming a correction moment by the centrifugal force F=m.ω2.e generated by the rotation of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool and the reaction force of the hole wall until the bending angle theta is less than or equal to 0.5 degrees, wherein m is the mass of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool, ω is the rotational angular speed of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool, and e is the eccentricity of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool.
The invention has the advantages that 1, automatic correction is carried out by using an eccentric structure to naturally generate directional drilling track to the opposite side and correction moment to synchronize with the construction process, 2, the invention has strong adaptability, can cope with the bending of pipelines in most angle ranges by adjusting the eccentric distance e 1 and the angular speed omega, 3, the invention has simple structure, realizes correction by using a mechanical structure only without a complex control system, has low maintenance cost, 4, improves the efficiency, synchronizes the correction and the propulsion, shortens the construction period by 20-30 percent, and has good compatibility, can be matched with the existing drilling driving device and does not need to reform construction equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an eccentric rope coring bit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an asymmetric outer tube in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a force analysis of a drilling system in a downhole run-out path according to an embodiment of the present invention;
In the figure, an asymmetric outer tube 1, an eccentric rope coring bit 2, a bit matrix 3, a rigid body 4, bit threads 5, an asymmetric outer tube male thread 6, an asymmetric outer tube wall I7, an asymmetric outer tube wall II 8, an asymmetric outer tube female thread 9, a spiral convex edge 10, a reamer 11 and a hole wall 12 are shown.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the accompanying drawings 1-3, the eccentric drilling tool comprises an asymmetric outer tube 1, a reamer 11 and an eccentric rope coring bit 2 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the asymmetric outer tube 1 is an eccentric tube body with uneven wall thickness, threads are arranged at two ends of the asymmetric outer tube 1, a rotation axis L1 of the eccentric rope coring bit coincides with a thread rotation axis at two ends of the asymmetric outer tube 1 and is parallel to and not coincident with a geometric central axis L2 of the eccentric tube body, an eccentric distance e 1 is formed between the rotation axis L1 and the geometric central axis L2, the eccentric rope coring bit 2 comprises a bit matrix 3 and a rigid body 4 which are integrally formed, the bit matrix 3 is an eccentric bit with an asymmetric structure, the rigid body 4 is of a symmetrical structure, a bit rotation center line L4 of the eccentric rope coring bit 2 coincides with a symmetry center line of the rigid body 4, the matrix symmetry center line L3 of the bit matrix 3 is mutually parallel to the bit rotation center line L4 and is not on the same straight line, an eccentric distance e 2,e1 and e 2 is equal to each other between the matrix symmetry center line L3 and the bit rotation center line L4, the eccentric line L4 of the eccentric rope coring bit 1 is formed by connecting the lower end of the asymmetric outer tube 1 with the rotation axis L2, the eccentric rope coring bit 11 is a straight line 6, and the bit rotation center axis 1 is a straight line of the bit 2, and the eccentric bit 2 is formed by the rotation axis 6 of the eccentric bit 1 and the eccentric bit 2 is a rotation axis 6, and the eccentric bit 2 is formed by the rotation axis 6.
In this embodiment:
The rotation axis is L1, the geometric central axis is L2, the symmetrical central line of a carcass is L3, the rotation central line of a drill bit is L4, the eccentricity e 1 of an asymmetrical outer tube 1, the eccentricity e 2 of an eccentric rope coring drill bit 2, the contact pressure on the inner side of a hole wall is F1, the contact pressure on the lower part of the outer side of the hole wall is F2, the contact fulcrum on the upper part of the outer side of the hole wall is F3, the top driving pressure is F4, the bending angle is theta, the rotation angular speed of an inclination correction eccentric drilling tool is omega, the plumb line (the drilling plan direction) is L5, the rotation axis of the drilling tool is L6, and the geometric central line of the drilling tool is L7.
The geometric central axis L2 and the carcass symmetry central line L3 are positioned on a straight line, the straight line formed by the geometric central axis L2 and the carcass symmetry central line L3 is a drilling tool geometric central line L7, the eccentricity between the drilling tool geometric central line L7 and a drilling tool rotation axis L6 is e, e=e 1=e2, and the drilling tool geometric central line L7 rotates by taking the drilling tool rotation axis L6 as a center.
Referring to fig. 1, the outer tube wall of the asymmetric outer tube 1 is provided with a spiral rib 10.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the two ends of the asymmetric outer tube 1 are respectively provided with an asymmetric outer tube male thread 6 and an asymmetric outer tube female thread 9, the end part of the rigid body 4 at the upper end of the eccentric rope coring bit 2 is provided with a bit thread 5, and the reamer 11 is respectively connected with the asymmetric outer tube female thread 9 at the lower end of the asymmetric outer tube 1 and the bit thread 5 of the rigid body 4 of the eccentric rope coring bit 2 through threads.
Referring to fig. 3, the two sides of the asymmetric outer tube 1 have different tube wall thicknesses, and the thickness of the first asymmetric outer tube wall 7 on one side is smaller than that of the second asymmetric outer tube wall 8 on the other side.
The symmetrical central line L3 of the carcass of the eccentric rope coring bit 2 and the geometric central axis L2 of the asymmetric outer tube 1 are positioned on the same side of the rotation axis L6 of the drilling tool, the eccentric directions of the eccentric rope coring bit 2 and the asymmetric outer tube 1 are consistent, and the eccentric rope coring bit and the asymmetric outer tube 1 act on the same side of the drilling tool together, so that the centrifugal force is larger when the bit rotates for cutting, and the easy-to-run inclined radial force of the hole wall 12 to the drilling tool can be reduced or counteracted. When the asymmetric outer tube 1 rotates, centrifugal force, contact pressure and hydrodynamic force effect generated by the asymmetric outer tube are uneven in the circumferential direction, the oblique radial force applied to a drilling tool by the hole wall 12 can be balanced, a radial supporting point can be provided when the convex spiral convex edges 10 on the outer tube wall of the asymmetric outer tube 1 are contacted with the hole wall 12, axial support and circumferential rotation are combined, a more stable centralizing and oblique correcting effect is generated, and the drilling tool is prevented from being oblique.
In order to ensure the consistency of the eccentric rope core drill 2 and the eccentric direction of the asymmetric outer tube 1, the starting point of the connecting thread is controlled, so that the symmetrical central line L3 of the carcass of the eccentric rope core drill 2 and the geometric central line L2 of the asymmetric outer tube 1 act on the same side of the drilling tool together to form stronger and continuous deviation rectifying resultant force, the stratum deflection is effectively resisted, and the whole formed drilling hole is prevented from being bent in the easily-inclined direction.
The eccentric rope coring bit 2 has the function of mainly generating guiding and correcting force at the bottom of the hole and directly acting on the feeding direction of the bit.
The asymmetric outer tube 1 has the functions of mainly generating righting and correcting force at the upper part of the drill bit, stabilizing the dynamic balance of the drilling tool and reducing bending.
The eccentric structure of the eccentric rope coring bit 2 and the asymmetric outer tube 1 only changes the shape and the size of the outer diameter of a drilling tool, does not influence the connection with the reamer 11, and does not influence the throwing and the salvaging of the whole rope coring inner tube system.
A method for correcting the deviation by using the deviation correcting eccentric drilling tool includes such steps as changing the deviation correcting eccentric drilling tool to drill if the deviation of the borehole is generated in the drilling process, and when the deviation correcting eccentric drilling tool rotates, the centrifugal force, contact pressure and hydrodynamic effect generated by the deviation correcting eccentric drilling tool are not uniform in the circumferential direction of the borehole, so balancing the deviation radial force applied to the deviation correcting eccentric drilling tool by hole wall 12 and gradually correcting the borehole track.
When the skew correction eccentric drilling tool rotates around a drilling tool rotating axis L6 in a bent drilling hole, due to the fact that eccentricity e exists between a drilling tool geometric central axis L7 and the drilling tool rotating axis L6, centrifugal force F=m.ω2.e is generated, wherein M is the mass of the skew correction eccentric drilling tool, ω is the angular speed of rotation of the skew correction eccentric drilling tool, e is the eccentricity of the skew correction eccentric drilling tool, the centrifugal force F direction is radially outwards along a connecting line of the drilling tool geometric central axis L7 and the drilling tool rotating axis L6, symmetry of supporting force of the hole wall 12 in an initial state is broken, the drilling tool has a movement trend of shifting to the outer side of the hole wall 12, in a pipe bending section, the centrifugal force F pushes the drilling tool geometric central axis L7 to shift to the outer side of the hole wall 12, the centrifugal force F is limited by the space of a drilling bending track, the contact pressure F1 between the skew correction eccentric drilling tool and the inner side of the hole wall is obviously larger than the contact pressure F2 at the outer side of the hole wall to form an asymmetric reaction force, the difference of DeltaF=F1-F2, and further a net moment M=F.r.sin in the direction of the vertical line 15 of the drilling hole is generated, wherein r is the radius of the pipe, θ is the bending angle, and the forward angle of the drilling line is gradually corrected along with the direction of the vertical line gradually decreasing. Plumb line 15 is the borehole plan direction.
The invention can also prevent the inclination of the drilling hole, and adopts the common drilling tool to perform normal drilling when the stable stratum is drilled, and changes the common drilling tool into the inclination-correcting eccentric drilling tool to perform drilling when the stable stratum is drilled to the easy-inclination-running stratum or the soft-hard interactive stratum, and changes the common drilling tool to continue drilling after the stable stratum is separated from the easy-inclination-running stratum or the soft-hard interactive stratum.
In the embodiment, the invention automatically generates the correction moment pointing to the straight line direction of the center by designing the asymmetric outer tube 1 with the eccentricity between the rotating shaft and the geometric center and utilizing the asymmetric reaction force of the centrifugal force and the hole wall 12 during rotation. The use process comprises the steps of detecting a drilling bending parameter, namely a bending angle theta, setting the eccentricity e of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool, the rotating speed and the angular speed omega of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool, starting the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool to push and rotate, and monitoring and adjusting in real time. The invention only needs a small amount of manual intervention, is suitable for the drilling bending of the bending angle theta ranging from 0.5 degrees to 10 degrees (after adjustment), has the characteristics of simple structure, high efficiency and low cost, and is suitable for the construction scene of long-distance pipelines such as oil and gas drilling and underground pipelines.
The asymmetric outer pipe male thread 6 at the upper end of the asymmetric outer pipe 1 is used for being connected with a drill rod and a full hydraulic top drive device. The spiral convex rib 10 is arranged on the outer surface of the asymmetric outer tube 1 and is used for stabilizing and correcting inclination.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, detecting the bending position and the bending angle theta of a drilling hole;
s2, setting the eccentricity e of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool and the rotating angular speed omega according to the bending angle theta;
S3, connecting an asymmetric outer tube 1 of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool to the lower part of a drilling rod system of the drilling machine, so that the eccentric rope core bit 2 is pushed along the axial direction of the drilling hole and rotates at the angular speed omega;
s4, forming a correction moment by the centrifugal force F=m.ω2.e generated by the rotation of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool and the reaction force of the hole wall 12 until the bending angle theta is less than or equal to 0.5 degrees, wherein m is the mass of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool, ω is the angular speed of the rotation of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool, and e is the eccentricity of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool.
Referring to fig. 4, the upper part of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool is contacted with the hole wall 12 in the drill hole, F3 is a contact fulcrum at the upper part outside the hole wall, the top of the inclination correction eccentric drilling tool is applied with driving pressure by a drilling system, and F4 is top driving pressure.
When the eccentric rope core drill 2 and the asymmetric outer tube 1 are manufactured, a numerical control lathe with a C axis is adopted to eccentrically manufacture and thread the tube body. The method comprises the following steps of (completing part processing through single clamping) 1, taking the axis of a rotating shaft as a reference, fixing a circumferential angle of a C shaft, radially shifting an X shaft to a set eccentric distance, and turning the outer circle of a pipe body to form an eccentric structure. 2. The angle of the C axis is kept unchanged (the unification of the eccentric direction is ensured), and threads at two ends of the pipe body are turned through synchronous linkage of the C axis and the Z axis. 3. And positioning bosses or grooves at two ends of the pipe body are machined by using the power tool rest, so that the alignment of the pipe body with the eccentric direction is ensured.

Claims (5)

1.一种纠斜偏心钻具，其特征在于：包含从上至下依次连接的非对称外管（1）、扩孔器（11）和偏心绳索取心钻头（2），所述非对称外管（1）为壁厚是非均匀的偏心管体，两端均设有螺纹，其旋转轴线L1与非对称外管（1）的两端螺纹旋转轴线重合，与偏心管体的几何中心轴线L2平行且不重合，旋转轴线L1与几何中心轴线L2之间形成偏心距e1；所述偏心绳索取心钻头（2）包含一体结构的钻头胎体（3）和刚体（4），钻头胎体（3）是非对称结构的偏心钻头，所述刚体（4）自身是对称结构，偏心绳索取心钻头（2）的钻头旋转中心线L4与刚体（4）的对称中心线重合，钻头胎体（3）的胎体对称中心线L3和钻头旋转中心线L4相互平行，不在同一条直线上，胎体对称中心线L3和钻头旋转中心线L4之间形成偏心距e2，e1和e2相等；所述扩孔器（11）分别通过螺纹连接非对称外管（1）的下端和偏心绳索取心钻头（2）的刚体（4）构成钻具，旋转轴线L1、扩孔器（11）的轴线和钻头旋转中心线L4构成的直线为钻具旋转轴线L6，所述偏心绳索取心钻头（2）的胎体对称中心线L3与非对称外管（1）的几何中心轴线L2位于钻具旋转轴线L6的同一侧, 钻头胎体（3）以钻具旋转轴线L6为中心做旋转运动；所述几何中心轴线L2和胎体对称中心线L3位于一条直线上，几何中心轴线L2和胎体对称中心线L3构成的直线为钻具几何中心线L7, 钻具几何中心线L7与钻具旋转轴线L6之间的偏心距为e，e=e1=e2，钻具几何中心线L7以钻具旋转轴线L6为中心做旋转运动。1. A skew-correcting eccentric drilling tool, characterized in that: it comprises an asymmetrical outer tube (1), a reamer (11), and an eccentric wireline coring bit (2) connected sequentially from top to bottom, wherein the asymmetrical outer tube (1) is an eccentric tube with a non-uniform wall thickness, and both ends are threaded, its rotation axis L1 coincides with the rotation axis of the threads at both ends of the asymmetrical outer tube (1), and is parallel to but not coincident with the geometric center axis L2 of the eccentric tube, and an eccentricity e1 is formed between the rotation axis L1 and the geometric center axis L2. The eccentric wireline coring drill bit (2) comprises an integral drill bit body (3) and a rigid body (4). The drill bit body (3) is an asymmetrical eccentric drill bit, while the rigid body (4) is a symmetrical structure. The center line of rotation of the eccentric wireline coring drill bit (2) coincides with the center line of symmetry of the rigid body (4). The center line of symmetry of the drill bit body (3) L3 and the center line of rotation of the drill bit L4 are parallel to each other and not on the same straight line. An eccentricity e2 , e1 and e3 are formed between the center line of symmetry of the drill bit body L3 and the center line of rotation of the drill bit L4. 2 are equal; the reamer (11) is connected to the lower end of the asymmetric outer tube (1) and the rigid body (4) of the eccentric wire coring drill bit (2) by thread to form a drill tool. The straight line formed by the rotation axis L1, the axis of the reamer (11) and the rotation center line L4 of the drill bit is the rotation axis L6 of the drill tool. The symmetry center line L3 of the eccentric wire coring drill bit (2) and the geometric center axis L2 of the asymmetric outer tube (1) are located on the same side of the rotation axis L6 of the drill tool. The drill bit body (3) rotates around the rotation axis L6 of the drill tool. The geometric center axis L2 and the symmetry center line L3 of the body are on a straight line. The straight line formed by the geometric center axis L2 and the symmetry center line L3 of the body is the geometric center line L7 of the drill tool. The eccentricity between the geometric center line L7 of the drill tool and the rotation axis L6 of the drill tool is e, e=e 1 =e 2. The geometric center line L7 of the drill tool rotates around the rotation axis L6 of the drill tool. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纠斜偏心钻具，其特征在于：所述非对称外管（1）的外管壁上设有螺旋状凸棱（10）。2. The eccentricity correction drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer tube wall of the asymmetric outer tube (1) is provided with a spiral protrusion (10). 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种纠斜偏心钻具，其特征在于：所述非对称外管（1）两端分别设有非对称外管公螺纹（6）和非对称外管母螺纹（9），所述偏心绳索取心钻头（2）上端的刚体（4）端部设有钻头螺纹（5），所述扩孔器（11）分别通过螺纹连接非对称外管（1）下端的非对称外管母螺纹（9）和偏心绳索取心钻头（2）的刚体（4）的钻头螺纹（5）。3. A skew-correcting eccentric drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: the two ends of the asymmetric outer tube (1) are respectively provided with asymmetric outer tube male thread (6) and asymmetric outer tube female thread (9), the upper end of the rigid body (4) of the eccentric rope coring drill bit (2) is provided with drill bit thread (5), and the reamer (11) is respectively connected to the asymmetric outer tube female thread (9) at the lower end of the asymmetric outer tube (1) and the drill bit thread (5) of the rigid body (4) of the eccentric rope coring drill bit (2) by thread. 4.一种使用权利要求1-3任意一项所述纠斜偏心钻具进行纠正跑斜的方法，其特征在于：在钻进过程中，如果钻孔出现跑斜情况，更换纠斜偏心钻具进行钻进；纠斜偏心钻具在旋转时，产生的离心力、接触压力和流体动力效应在钻孔周向上不均匀，能够平衡孔壁（12）施加给纠斜偏心钻具的跑斜径向力，推动钻孔轨迹逐渐校正。4. A method for correcting deviation using the eccentric drilling tool described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: during the drilling process, if the borehole deviates, the eccentric drilling tool is replaced and drilling continues; when the eccentric drilling tool rotates, the centrifugal force, contact pressure and hydrodynamic effect generated are uneven in the circumferential direction of the borehole, which can balance the radial force of deviation applied to the eccentric drilling tool by the borehole wall (12), and promote the gradual correction of the borehole trajectory. 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种纠正跑斜的方法，其特征在于具体包括以下步骤：5. A method for correcting runway deviation according to claim 4, characterized in that it specifically includes the following steps: S1：检测钻孔的弯曲位置及弯曲角度θ；S1: Detect the bending position and bending angle θ of the borehole; S2：根据弯曲角度θ，设定纠斜偏心钻具的偏心距e和旋转的角速度ω；S2: Based on the bending angle θ, set the eccentricity e and rotational angular velocity ω of the eccentric drilling tool; S3：将纠斜偏心钻具的非对称外管（1）接入钻机钻杆系统下部，使偏心绳索取心钻头（2）沿钻孔轴向推进并以角速度ω旋转；S3: Connect the asymmetric outer tube (1) of the eccentric drilling tool to the lower part of the drill rod system of the drilling rig, so that the eccentric wire coring drill bit (2) advances along the borehole axis and rotates at an angular velocity ω; S4：通过纠斜偏心钻具旋转产生的离心力F= m·ω²·e和孔壁（12）的反作用力形成校正力矩，直至弯曲角度θ≤0.5°；m为纠斜偏心钻具的质量，ω为纠斜偏心钻具旋转的角速度，e为纠斜偏心钻具的偏心距。S4: The centrifugal force F = m·ω²·e generated by the rotation of the eccentric drilling tool and the reaction force of the hole wall (12) form a correction torque until the bending angle θ ≤ 0.5°; m is the mass of the eccentric drilling tool, ω is the angular velocity of the eccentric drilling tool, and e is the eccentricity of the eccentric drilling tool.
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