CN120728683A - A solar photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents
A solar photovoltaic power generation systemInfo
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- CN120728683A CN120728683A CN202511090218.5A CN202511090218A CN120728683A CN 120728683 A CN120728683 A CN 120728683A CN 202511090218 A CN202511090218 A CN 202511090218A CN 120728683 A CN120728683 A CN 120728683A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy using batteries or super capacitors with converting means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network
- H02J13/13—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network
- H02J13/1331—Circuit arrangements for providing remote monitoring or remote control of equipment in a power distribution network characterised by the transmission of data to equipment in the power network using wireless data transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
- H02J7/61—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overcharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
- H02J7/63—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overdischarge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
- H02J7/82—Control of state of charge [SOC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
- H02S10/20—Systems characterised by their energy storage means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2101/00—Supply or distribution of decentralised, dispersed or local electric power generation
- H02J2101/20—Dispersed power generation using renewable energy sources
- H02J2101/22—Solar energy
- H02J2101/24—Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar photovoltaic power generation system which is applied to the technical field of base station power supply systems and comprises a photovoltaic power generation module, an energy storage module and an intelligent control module, wherein the photovoltaic power generation module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy to supply power to a base station, and storing redundant electric energy to the energy storage module when the photovoltaic power generation capacity is larger than the base station load power consumption, the energy storage module is used for releasing electric energy to supply power to the base station when the illumination power generation capacity is smaller than the base station load power consumption, and the intelligent control module is used for calculating the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under the current illumination condition based on a maximum power point tracking algorithm, controlling the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module, enabling the photovoltaic power generation module to output maximum power, controlling the charge and discharge of the energy storage module and the voltage and current during charge and discharge based on the residual power capacity and the charge and the discharge of the energy storage module. The invention realizes the long-term efficient stable operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of base station power supply systems, in particular to a solar photovoltaic power generation system.
Background
With the rapid development of 5G technology, 5G base stations are built on a large scale worldwide. By virtue of the characteristics of high speed, low delay and large capacity, the 5G network greatly promotes the progress in the fields of intelligent Internet of things, industrial Internet, high-definition video and the like, and brings about profound changes to the life and industrial development of people. However, the problem of energy consumption of the 5G base station is also highlighted. The 5G base station adopts advanced technologies such as large-scale MIMO and the like, so that the energy consumption of the 5G base station is greatly higher than that of the traditional 4G base station, not only is heavy electric charge burden brought to operators, but also higher requirements are put forward on an electric power supply infrastructure, and the situation of energy supply and demand shortage is aggravated.
In this context, it is urgent to find efficient, sustainable energy solutions. Solar photovoltaic power generation is used as a clean and renewable energy technology and gradually becomes an important way for solving the energy consumption problem of the 5G base station. The solar photovoltaic power generation system is applied to the 5G base station, and has multiple important meanings. From the perspective of environmental protection, the solar photovoltaic power generation does not generate greenhouse gas emission in the operation process, does not cause other pollution to the environment, can effectively reduce the dependence of the 5G base station on traditional fossil energy, and realizes green low-carbon development in the power-assisted communication industry, thereby contributing to the global climate change. From the economical aspect, the electricity cost of the 5G base station can be reduced by utilizing solar photovoltaic power generation, and the operation expenditure of operators is reduced. In some areas with rich illumination resources, the power generated by the solar photovoltaic power generation system can basically meet the partial or complete power consumption requirements of the 5G base station in the daytime, so that the dependence on the commercial power is greatly reduced, and the electricity expense is saved. Meanwhile, with the continuous progress of solar photovoltaic technology and the gradual reduction of cost, the return on investment of the photovoltaic power generation system is continuously improved, and the method has good economic benefit.
However, although the solar photovoltaic power generation system can effectively solve the problem of high energy consumption of the 5G base station, intelligent management capable of keeping the solar photovoltaic power generation system in long-term efficient stable normal operation is lacking, which affects the development of the solar photovoltaic power generation system in the field of 5G base station power supply to a certain extent. Specifically, the traditional solar photovoltaic power generation system mainly performs data acquisition by arranging corresponding sensors at key positions of each component, then uniformly uploads the data to a remote monitoring terminal, and staff monitors abnormal system operation, so that the monitoring mode of abnormal state behaviors of the system is not only subjectively influenced by staff, but also is low in efficiency, abnormal state behaviors of the system cannot be timely and effectively identified and solved, the power supply efficiency of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is greatly influenced, and even short power supply stopping is caused. However, the existing solar photovoltaic power generation system is further provided with protection systems such as over-current protection systems and over-voltage protection systems, but the intelligent management for realizing long-term efficient stable normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is far from sufficient.
Therefore, how to provide a solar photovoltaic power generation system capable of enabling the solar photovoltaic power generation system to keep long-term efficient stable normal operation and promoting the development of the solar photovoltaic power generation system in the field of 5G base station power supply is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention proposes a solar photovoltaic power generation system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a solar photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic power generation module, an energy storage module, a data acquisition module and an intelligent control module;
the photovoltaic power generation module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy to supply power for the base station, and storing the redundant electric energy to the energy storage module when the photovoltaic power generation amount is larger than the load power consumption of the base station;
The energy storage module is used for releasing electric energy to supply power for the base station when the illumination generating capacity is smaller than the load power consumption of the base station;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module, load demand of the base station, photovoltaic power generation data, residual electric quantity of the energy storage module and voltage and current of the energy storage module during charging and discharging in real time;
The intelligent control module is used for calculating the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under the current illumination condition based on the maximum power point tracking algorithm, controlling the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module, enabling the photovoltaic power generation module to output the maximum power, controlling the charging and discharging of the energy storage module based on the load requirement of the base station and the photovoltaic power generation data, and avoiding the overcharge and the overdischarge of the energy storage module based on the residual electric quantity of the energy storage module and the voltage and current during the charging and the discharging of the energy storage module.
Optionally, calculating a maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under the current illumination condition based on a maximum power point tracking algorithm, and controlling output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module to enable the photovoltaic power generation module to output maximum power, specifically:
and controlling the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module by adjusting the duty ratio of the DC-DC converter, so that the photovoltaic power generation module finally works near the maximum power output point and outputs the maximum power.
Optionally, the system further comprises a power distribution module, wherein the power distribution module is used for reasonably distributing electric energy output by the solar photovoltaic power generation system through internal circuit design and switch control based on the power size and the power consumption characteristics of the base station equipment, so that each equipment is ensured to obtain stable and proper power supply.
Optionally, the system also comprises a redundancy design module, which is used for additionally adding a certain number of system modules to ensure that the whole system can still maintain normal operation when a certain module fails.
Optionally, the system module data acquisition module is used for acquiring system module data acquired by the intelligent control module, regulating and controlling data which is intelligently controlled based on the system module data, electric energy distribution data of the power distribution module and fault regulating and controlling data of the redundancy design module, and uploading the data to the remote monitoring terminal.
Optionally, the system further comprises an alarm module, a remote monitoring terminal and a control module, wherein the alarm module is used for preliminarily determining a fault cause by utilizing a pre-constructed fault analysis model based on the neural network according to the corresponding data acquired by the data acquisition module based on the problems monitored by the intelligent control module, and giving an alarm to the remote monitoring terminal.
Optionally, the system further comprises an early warning module, wherein the early warning module is used for predicting the residual life of the system module by utilizing a life prediction model constructed based on time sequence data training based on the system module data acquired by the data acquisition module, and early warning is carried out to the remote monitoring terminal when the residual life is smaller than a preset threshold value.
Optionally, the lightning protection module is arranged on a power supply line and a signal line of the system and used for rapidly discharging and limiting overvoltage and overcurrent generated by lightning strike based on an overvoltage protection technology.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a solar photovoltaic power generation system. According to the invention, by providing the intelligent control module based on the maximum power point tracking algorithm and controlling the photovoltaic power generation module to always output the maximum power and effectively monitor the overcharge and overdischarge of the energy storage module, the long-term efficient stable normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is ensured. The invention further provides a power size and electricity utilization characteristic based on the base station equipment, the electric energy output by the solar photovoltaic power generation system is reasonably distributed through internal circuit design and switch control, each equipment is ensured to obtain a stable and proper electric power supply and distribution module, the 5G base station can be ensured to stably operate in various complex environments, a reliable energy source guaranteeing redundant design module is provided for the normal operation of the 5G communication network, the damage risk of lightning stroke to the solar photovoltaic power generation system is effectively reduced, the system operation safety is improved, a lightning protection module is used for helping staff to know the system operation condition anytime and anywhere, related fault reasons are primarily analyzed based on a neural network model, and the data uploading, alarming and early warning module of the service life of the system component is predicted in advance through a time sequence prediction model, so that the operation stability and high efficiency of the solar photovoltaic power generation system are effectively improved, and the long-term high-efficiency stable and normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is further ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system structure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
The embodiment 1 of the invention discloses a solar photovoltaic power generation system, which comprises a photovoltaic power generation module, an energy storage module, a data acquisition module and an intelligent control module as shown in figure 1.
And the photovoltaic power generation module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy to supply power for the base station, and storing the redundant electric energy to the energy storage module when the photovoltaic power generation amount is larger than the load power consumption of the base station.
The photovoltaic module is a core part of the photovoltaic power generation module, and the working principle is based on the fact that when the photovoltaic special effect is that sunlight irradiates the photovoltaic module, photons interact with semiconductor materials in the module, so that direct conversion of solar energy into electric energy is achieved. The array combiner plays a key role of collecting output currents of a plurality of photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power generation module, and the photovoltaic array is formed by combining the photovoltaic modules in series-parallel, so that the number and complexity of cables are reduced, line loss and fault points are reduced, and the stability and reliability of the system are effectively improved.
And the energy storage module is used for releasing electric energy to supply power for the base station when the illumination generating capacity is smaller than the load power consumption of the base station.
The selection of the type of the storage battery as a core component of the energy storage module directly affects the performance, cost and reliability of the system, and mainly comprises a lead-acid storage battery and a lithium ion battery, which have obvious differences in performance, cost, environmental protection and the like. In the invention, the proper storage battery type can be selected according to the requirements and conditions of the 5G base station, and for some base stations with higher requirements on cost, relatively sufficient space and not particularly strict requirements on battery performance, the lead-acid storage battery can still be used as an option in a short period of time. However, in long-term development and sustainability, along with continuous reduction of the cost and further improvement of the performance of the lithium ion battery, the application prospect of the lithium ion battery in the field of 5G base station energy storage is wider. Some newly-built 5G base station projects start to adopt lithium ion batteries, particularly lithium iron phosphate batteries, on a large scale, have outstanding comprehensive performance, are excellent in energy density, safety, heat dissipation, integration convenience and the like, and are becoming the mainstream choice of energy storage of the 5G base station.
The capacity selection of the storage battery is also a great importance, and the capacity selection is directly related to whether the system can provide stable and continuous power support for the 5G base station under the condition of insufficient illumination or interruption of the commercial power, and when the capacity of the energy storage module is calculated, a plurality of factors including the load requirement of the 5G base station, the sunshine condition, the standby time requirement of the system and the like need to be comprehensively considered. Specifically, the load requirement of the 5G base station is the basis for determining the capacity of the energy storage module. First, it is necessary to accurately count power consumption of all devices in the 5G base station, including AAU (active antenna unit), DU (distribution unit), CU (central unit), and matched transmission devices, monitoring devices, and the like. The power of 5G base station equipment with different models and configurations is different, and in general, the average power consumption of a single tenant of a medium-scale 5G outdoor base station is about 3.8-4 kW. When the power is counted, the peak power and the average power of the equipment are considered, so that the energy storage module can meet the power requirements of the base station in various working states. Assuming a total load power of 4kW for a certain 5G base station, this means that it needs to continuously supply at least 4kW of power during the power supply of the energy storage module in order to ensure proper operation of the base station equipment.
Solar conditions are important factors affecting the capacity of the energy storage module. The sunlight duration and the illumination intensity in different areas are different, and the generated energy of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is directly determined. In the region with sufficient sunshine, the number of sunshine hours per year can reach more than 3000 hours, the solar photovoltaic power generation system can generate more electric energy in the daytime, and the capacity of the energy storage module can be relatively smaller. In areas with insufficient sunshine, such as some southern areas with more overcast and rainy weather, the number of annual sunshine hours may be only 1500-2000 hours, the photovoltaic power generation capacity is relatively small, and an energy storage module with larger capacity is needed to store electric energy so as to meet the power consumption requirement of the base station at night or in severe weather. Solar radiation information can be obtained through local meteorological data and a solar resource evaluation report, and the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system in different time periods is calculated by combining the performance parameters of the solar photovoltaic module. Assuming that the average solar hours per day in a certain region is 5 hours per day, the peak power of the selected photovoltaic module is 300W, and the calculation shows that the daily power generation amount of the photovoltaic module is about 300w×5h=1500wh (watt hours).
The standby time requirement of the system is also a key parameter for calculating the capacity of the energy storage module. The standby time refers to the period of time that the energy storage module can provide power for the 5G base station without photovoltaic power generation and mains supply. In general, the standby time required by 5G base stations varies from 8 to 24 hours, and the specific duration depends on factors such as importance of the base station, geographical location, and reliability of local utility power. For some important core base stations or base stations located in remote areas with an unstable mains supply, a long standby time is often required to ensure uninterrupted operation of the communication network. Assuming that the standby time required by a certain 5G base station is 12 hours and the load power is 4kW, the required amount of stored energy is 4kw×12h=48 kWh (kilowatt-hours).
In practical calculation, factors such as charge and discharge efficiency of the energy storage module, aging loss of the battery, safety margin and the like also need to be considered. The charge-discharge efficiency of the energy storage module is generally about 80% -90%, which means that there is a certain energy loss during the charge and discharge processes. Assuming that the charge-discharge efficiency of the energy storage module is 85%, the actually required energy storage capacity should be 48 kWh/85% ≡56.5kWh. The battery can be aged gradually in the use process, the capacity of the battery can be reduced gradually, and the annual capacity attenuation rate is about 2% -5%. In order to ensure that the energy storage module can meet the power requirement of the base station in the service life, certain aging loss needs to be considered, and the energy storage capacity is properly increased. A safety margin of 10% -20% is usually reserved to cope with emergency and unpredictable factors. Taking these factors into account, the resulting energy storage module capacity may be greater than the theoretical calculation.
The data acquisition module is used for acquiring output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module, load demand of the base station, photovoltaic power generation data, residual electric quantity of the energy storage module and voltage and current of the energy storage module during charging and discharging in real time.
The intelligent control module is used for calculating the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under the current illumination condition based on the maximum power point tracking algorithm, controlling the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module, enabling the photovoltaic power generation module to output the maximum power, controlling the charging and discharging of the energy storage module based on the load requirement of the base station and the photovoltaic power generation data, and avoiding the overcharge and the overdischarge of the energy storage module based on the residual electric quantity of the energy storage module and the voltage and current during the charging and the discharging of the energy storage module.
Calculating the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under the current illumination condition based on a maximum power point tracking algorithm, and controlling the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module to enable the photovoltaic power generation module to output the maximum power, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and controlling the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module by adjusting the duty ratio of the DC-DC converter, so that the photovoltaic power generation module finally works near the maximum power output point and outputs the maximum power. When the illumination intensity in the morning is gradually increased, the MPPT algorithm can automatically adjust the working state of the photovoltaic module to enable the output power of the photovoltaic module to be increased along with the increase of the working state, and when the illumination intensity in the evening is reduced, the working point can be timely adjusted to ensure that the photovoltaic module can still output as much electric energy as possible under the low illumination condition. The intelligent control mode can remarkably improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy, increase the generated energy of a photovoltaic power generation system and prolong the service life of the energy storage module.
In the charging process, the intelligent control module can also adopt proper charging modes, such as constant-current charging, constant-voltage charging and the like, according to the type and the characteristics of the battery, so that the battery can be safely and efficiently charged, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
The power distribution module is used for reasonably distributing the electric energy output by the solar photovoltaic power generation system through internal circuit design and switch control based on the power size and the electricity utilization characteristics of the base station equipment, and ensuring that each equipment obtains stable and proper electric power supply.
In a 5G base station, there is a difference in power requirements of different devices. The AAU (active antenna unit) needs high-power alternating current to drive the radio frequency transmitting and signal receiving functions, the power is generally about 1-2kW, DU (distribution unit) and CU (central unit) are mainly responsible for data processing and control, the requirements on stability and purity of the power supply are high, the power consumption is relatively small, and is generally between hundreds of watts and 1kW, and matched transmission equipment, monitoring equipment and the like also have different power requirements. The power distribution module distributes electric energy or commercial power output by the solar photovoltaic power generation system according to the requirements of all devices through internal circuit design and switch control. The output current and the output voltage can be reasonably adjusted according to the power and the electricity consumption characteristics of the equipment, so that each equipment can be ensured to obtain stable and proper power supply. For high-power equipment such as AAU, the power distribution module can provide enough current and proper voltage to ensure the normal operation of the high-power equipment, and for DU and CU with higher requirements on the quality of the power supply, the power distribution module can filter and stabilize the electric energy, remove voltage fluctuation and clutter and provide a pure and stable power supply.
The system also comprises a redundancy design module, wherein the redundancy design module is used for additionally adding a certain number of system modules, so that the whole system can still maintain normal operation when a certain module fails.
For example, in the design of photovoltaic power generation modules, a certain number of photovoltaic modules are added as redundant backups in addition to configuring the photovoltaic modules according to normal power requirements. The redundant components work together with other components under normal conditions, and when part of the components cannot work normally due to faults, aging or shadow shielding and the like, the redundant components can be automatically put into operation to make up for power loss, so that the output power of the photovoltaic array is ensured to meet the system requirement. Assuming that the photovoltaic array of one 5G base station is composed of 100 photovoltaic modules, 10 redundant modules are additionally configured for improving reliability. When 5 modules fail, the redundant modules can supplement power in time, so that the total output power of the photovoltaic array is basically not affected, and the normal power supply of the 5G base station is ensured. The redundant connection mode can effectively reduce the risk of insufficient power supply of the system caused by the failure of the photovoltaic module, and improves the stability and reliability of the system.
In terms of communication lines, redundancy designs are also employed to ensure stability of data transmission. For data transmission lines between the intelligent control module and the component modules, a plurality of communication links are typically provided. When the main communication link fails, the standby communication link can be automatically switched and bear the data transmission task, so that the communication between the intelligent control module and each component module is uninterrupted. When the RS485 buses are adopted for data transmission, two RS485 buses can be paved simultaneously to serve as redundant links. When one bus has faults such as signal interference and line damage, the other bus can be immediately put into use, so that the intelligent control module can acquire the operation data of each component module in real time and timely send a control instruction, and the effective monitoring and management of the system are realized. The redundant communication line design can improve the fault tolerance of the system to communication faults and ensure the normal operation of the system.
The redundancy design is applied to the solar photovoltaic power generation system, the reliability and the stability of the system can be obviously improved, the risk of system paralysis caused by component faults or communication faults is reduced, the stable operation of the 5G base station in various complex environments is ensured, and reliable energy guarantee is provided for the normal operation of the 5G communication network.
The intelligent control system further comprises a data uploading module, wherein the data uploading module is used for uploading system module data acquired by the intelligent control module, regulation and control data which are intelligently controlled based on the system module data, electric energy distribution data of the power distribution module and fault regulation and control data which are carried out by the redundancy design module to the remote monitoring terminal, visual and accurate system operation information is provided for operation and maintenance personnel, the operation and maintenance personnel can monitor and manage the system at any time and any place through the Internet or the mobile network, remote fault diagnosis, parameter adjustment, equipment control and other operations are realized, the existing fault problems are solved in time, and long-term efficient stable normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is ensured through combination of intelligent control and manual monitoring of the system.
The system also comprises an alarm module, a remote monitoring terminal and a data acquisition module, wherein the alarm module is used for preliminarily determining the fault cause by utilizing a pre-constructed fault analysis model based on the neural network, such as a convolutional neural network model, a cyclic neural network model and the like, based on the problems monitored by the intelligent control module, and helping staff know and determine the fault preliminary cause in time, so that the problem of the faults is solved in time, and long-term efficient stable normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is ensured.
The solar photovoltaic power generation system further comprises an early warning module, wherein the early warning module is used for predicting the residual life of the system module based on system module data acquired by the data acquisition module and utilizing a life prediction model which is built based on time sequence data training, such as a long-short-term memory network model (LSTM) and the like, and early warning is carried out to a remote monitoring terminal when the residual life is smaller than a preset threshold value, so that workers are helped to know the residual life of the component in time, component replacement maintenance preparation measures are made in advance, loss caused by temporary replacement maintenance is reduced, and long-term efficient stable normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is ensured.
The lightning protection system also comprises lightning protection modules, such as zinc oxide piezoresistors (MOVs), gas Discharge Tubes (GDTs) and the like, which are arranged on the power supply line and the signal line of the system and are used for rapidly discharging and limiting overvoltage and overcurrent generated by lightning strike based on overvoltage protection technology. In a solar photovoltaic power generation system, a lightning protection module is generally installed at the key positions of an output end of the photovoltaic power generation module, a power supply and a signal access end of 5G base station equipment and the like. The lightning protection module is arranged at the output end of the photovoltaic power generation module, damage to the photovoltaic module and the subsequent energy storage module and the like caused by lightning stroke can be effectively prevented, and the lightning protection module is arranged at the power supply and signal access end of the 5G base station equipment, so that the lightning stroke can be prevented from invading the base station equipment through the power supply circuit and the signal circuit, and the normal operation of the base station equipment is ensured. Through reasonable configuration lightning protection module, can greatly reduced the damage risk of thunderbolt to solar photovoltaic power generation system, improve reliability and the stability of system, ensure 5G communication network's normal operating.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a solar photovoltaic power generation system. According to the invention, by providing the intelligent control module based on the maximum power point tracking algorithm and controlling the photovoltaic power generation module to always output the maximum power and effectively monitor the overcharge and overdischarge of the energy storage module, the long-term efficient stable normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is ensured. The invention further provides a power size and electricity utilization characteristic based on the base station equipment, the electric energy output by the solar photovoltaic power generation system is reasonably distributed through internal circuit design and switch control, each equipment is ensured to obtain a stable and proper electric power supply and distribution module, the 5G base station can be ensured to stably operate in various complex environments, a reliable energy source guaranteeing redundant design module is provided for the normal operation of the 5G communication network, the damage risk of lightning stroke to the solar photovoltaic power generation system is effectively reduced, the system operation safety is improved, a lightning protection module is used for helping staff to know the system operation condition anytime and anywhere, related fault reasons are primarily analyzed based on a neural network model, and the data uploading, alarming and early warning module of the service life of the system component is predicted in advance through a time sequence prediction model, so that the operation stability and high efficiency of the solar photovoltaic power generation system are effectively improved, and the long-term high-efficiency stable and normal operation of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is further ensured.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. The solar photovoltaic power generation system is characterized by comprising a photovoltaic power generation module, an energy storage module, a data acquisition module and an intelligent control module;
the photovoltaic power generation module is used for converting solar energy into electric energy to supply power for the base station, and storing redundant electric energy to the energy storage module when the photovoltaic power generation amount is larger than the load power consumption amount of the base station;
the energy storage module is used for releasing electric energy to supply power for the base station when the illumination generating capacity is smaller than the base station load power consumption;
The data acquisition module is used for acquiring output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module, load demand of a base station, photovoltaic power generation data, residual electric quantity of the energy storage module and voltage and current of the energy storage module during charging and discharging in real time;
The intelligent control module is used for calculating the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under the current illumination condition based on a maximum power point tracking algorithm, controlling the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module, enabling the photovoltaic power generation module to output maximum power, controlling the charge and discharge of the energy storage module based on the load requirement of the base station and photovoltaic power generation data, and avoiding the overcharge and overdischarge of the energy storage module based on the residual electric quantity of the energy storage module and the voltage and current during the charge and discharge of the energy storage module.
2. The solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the maximum power point of the photovoltaic power generation module under the current illumination condition is calculated based on a maximum power point tracking algorithm, and the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module are controlled so that the photovoltaic power generation module outputs the maximum power, specifically:
and controlling the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic power generation module by adjusting the duty ratio of the DC-DC converter, so that the photovoltaic power generation module finally works near the maximum power output point and outputs the maximum power.
3. The solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising a power distribution module, wherein the power distribution module is used for reasonably distributing electric energy output by the solar photovoltaic power generation system through internal circuit design and switch control based on the power size and the power consumption characteristics of the base station equipment, so that stable and proper power supply of each equipment is ensured.
4. The solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 3, further comprising a redundancy design module for additionally adding a certain number of system modules to ensure that the entire system remains in normal operation when a certain module fails.
5. The solar photovoltaic power generation system of claim 4, further comprising a data uploading module configured to upload system module data collected by the intelligent control module, control data for performing intelligent control based on the system module data, power distribution data of the power distribution module, and fault control data of the redundancy design module to a remote monitoring terminal.
6. The solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising an alarm module, wherein the alarm module is used for preliminarily determining a fault cause by utilizing a pre-constructed fault analysis model based on a neural network according to the corresponding data acquired by the data acquisition module based on the problem monitored by the intelligent control module and giving an alarm to a remote monitoring terminal.
7. The solar photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising an early warning module for predicting the remaining life of the system module based on the system module data collected by the data collection module by using a life prediction model constructed based on time series data training, and early warning the remote monitoring terminal when the remaining life is smaller than a preset threshold.
8. The solar photovoltaic power generation system of claim 1, further comprising a lightning protection module disposed on a power supply line and a signal line of the system for rapidly discharging and limiting an overvoltage and an overcurrent generated by a lightning strike based on an overvoltage protection technology.
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