Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the design method for the horizontal bearing capacity of the variable cross section group anchor by considering the anchor rod play coefficient.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
s1) the design method of the horizontal bearing capacity of the variable cross section group anchor considering the anchor rod play coefficient comprises two parts of the horizontal bearing capacity of the upright post of the basic bearing platform and the horizontal bearing capacity of the variable cross section group anchor, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
;
wherein: Representing the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity (kN) of the group anchor foundation;
Representing the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity (kN) of the variable cross section single anchor;
Representing the ultimate horizontal ultimate bearing capacity (kN) of the bearing platform upright post;
Zeta represents the anchor rod horizontal bearing capacity exertion coefficient and is related to the bearing platform burial depth;
n represents the number of anchors.
S2) when calculating the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of the variable-section single anchor, only considering the contribution of the variable-section of the anchor rod to the horizontal bearing capacity, and considering the variable-section anchor rod as a rock-socketed pile, calculating the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity by adopting an m method, wherein the calculating method is as follows:
;
wherein:
Representing the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity (kN) of the variable cross section single anchor;
representing a variable cross section single anchor horizontal bearing capacity characteristic value (kN);
Gamma represents the horizontal deformation coefficient of the variable section anchor rod;
EI represents bending stiffness of the variable section anchor rod;
Represents the elastic modulus of concrete;
The section moment of inertia of the anchor rod is represented, and the section moment of inertia comprises two parts of anchor bars and grouting bodies;
Representing the allowable displacement (m) of the top of the anchor rod, and taking 6mm for the variable cross-section anchor rod foundation;
The coefficient of the roof water Ping Weiyi of the anchor rod can be determined by referring to the 5.7.2 th section of the building pile foundation standard (JGJ 94-2008), namely, the top constraint of the anchor rod is assumed to be fixedly connected, and the length of a variable section of the anchor rod is taken by the embedded depth h;
m represents the proportionality coefficient of the anchor rod side soil horizontal resistance coefficient, and can be determined by referring to 5.7.5 th item of building pile foundation technical Specification (JGJ 94-2008);
representing the calculated width (m) of the anchor rod, and calculating the diameter of the anchor rod;
represents the bolt diameter (m).
S3) the bearing platform upright post limit horizontal bearing capacity calculating method is shown in the following formula:
;
wherein:
Representing the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity (kN) of the bearing platform upright post;
representing the bearing platform burial depth (m);
f (x) represents a theoretical distribution function of horizontal resistance of foundation soil at the side edge of the bearing platform upright post;
w represents the width (m) of the bearing platform or the upright post;
dx represents the differentiation.
S4) the theoretical distribution function of the horizontal resistance of the foundation soil at the side edge of the bearing platform upright post is shown as follows:
;
wherein:
f (x) represents a theoretical distribution function of horizontal resistance of foundation soil at the side edge of the bearing platform upright post;
represents the saturated non-drainage shear strength (kPa) of foundation soil;
Representing foundation soil at side surface of bearing platform upright post horizontal force affects thickness (m);
representing the bearing platform burial depth (m);
x represents the calculated point-to-ground distance (m).
S5) the anchor rod horizontal bearing capacity exertion coefficient values are shown in table 1:
table 1 anchor rod horizontal bearing capacity coefficient
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the method provided by the invention takes the action of horizontal resistance of the anchor rod into consideration, quantifies the horizontal load distribution ratio of the bearing platform upright post and the anchor rod, and solves the problem that the traditional design method is too conservative. The method can reduce redundant design, optimize structure economy, reduce engineering cost, and has remarkable engineering significance for environmental protection, water and soil conservation and adaptation to terrain conditions.
2. The method supports the design of the variable cross-section anchor rod foundation, promotes engineering application of the novel anchor rod foundation, and can expand application scenes of the anchor rod foundation under complex terrain and soil layer conditions.
3. The design method for the horizontal bearing capacity of the variable cross section group anchor considering the anchor rod play coefficient can relatively accurately evaluate and determine the horizontal bearing capacity of the group anchor foundation, has the total error of not more than 8% compared with a field true test, and has excellent calculation precision and anastomosis.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
According to the invention, the contribution of the bearing platform and the anchor rod to the horizontal bearing capacity is considered, the cooperative action of the bearing platform and the anchor rod is analyzed, and the method has excellent calculation precision and practicality.
The novel variable cross-section group anchor foundation disclosed by the invention is shown in figure 2, and comprises three parts of a bearing platform upright post 1, an anchor rod variable cross-section 2 and an anchor rod equal cross-section 3. The diameter of the variable section of the anchor rod is larger than that of the constant section, the anchor rod with the constant section is arranged in the rock stratum, the anchor rod with the variable section is mostly arranged in the covering layer, the small part is subjected to rock embedding treatment, the large part of the bearing platform upright post is arranged in the covering layer, and only the top end of the bearing platform upright post protrudes out of the ground line 4.
The invention relates to a design method for horizontal bearing capacity of a variable cross section group anchor by considering an anchor rod play coefficient, which comprises the following steps:
s1) as shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal bearing capacity of the variable cross section group anchor considering the anchor rod play coefficient considers two components, namely the horizontal resistance of foundation soil at the side surface of the bearing platform upright post and the horizontal resistance of the anchor rod group. The calculation formula is as follows:
;
wherein: -group anchor foundation horizontal ultimate bearing capacity (kN);
-variable cross section single anchor horizontal ultimate bearing capacity (kN);
-bearing platform upright post limit horizontal limit bearing capacity (kN);
zeta-anchor rod horizontal bearing capacity exerting coefficient, which is related to bearing platform burial depth;
n is the number of anchor rods.
S2) when calculating the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity of the variable-section single anchor, only considering the contribution of the variable-section of the anchor rod to the horizontal bearing capacity, regarding the variable-section anchor rod as an end rock block, and calculating the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity by adopting an m method, wherein the calculating method is as follows:
;
wherein:
Representing the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity (kN) of the variable cross section single anchor;
representing a variable cross section single anchor horizontal bearing capacity characteristic value (kN);
Gamma represents the horizontal deformation coefficient of the variable section anchor rod;
EI represents bending stiffness of the variable section anchor rod;
Represents the elastic modulus of concrete;
The section moment of inertia of the anchor rod is represented, and the section moment of inertia comprises two parts of anchor bars and grouting bodies;
Representing the allowable displacement (m) of the top of the anchor rod, and taking 6mm for the variable cross-section anchor rod foundation;
The coefficient of the roof water Ping Weiyi of the anchor rod can be determined by referring to the 5.7.2 th section of the building pile foundation standard (JGJ 94-2008), namely, the top constraint of the anchor rod is assumed to be fixedly connected, and the length of a variable section of the anchor rod is taken by the embedded depth h;
m represents the proportionality coefficient of the anchor rod side soil horizontal resistance coefficient, and can be determined by referring to 5.7.5 th item of building pile foundation technical Specification (JGJ 94-2008);
representing the calculated width (m) of the bolt, the calculated width being defined by the diameter of the bolt Calculating to obtain;
represents the bolt diameter (m).
S3) the bearing platform upright post limit horizontal bearing capacity calculating method is shown in the following formula:
;
wherein:
Representing the horizontal ultimate bearing capacity (kN) of the bearing platform upright post;
representing the bearing platform burial depth (m);
f (x) represents a theoretical distribution function of horizontal resistance of foundation soil at the side edge of the bearing platform upright post;
w represents the width (m) of the bearing platform or the upright post;
dx represents the differentiation.
S4) establishing variable cross section group anchor foundation finite element simulation models of different bearing platform burial depths for determining the theoretical distribution function of the horizontal resistance of the foundation soil at the side edge of the bearing platform upright post, as shown in figure 4.
As shown in fig. 5, as the bearing platform burial depth increases from 1m to 2m, the horizontal load borne by the bearing platform upright post is significantly improved, and as the bearing platform burial depth continues to increase to 3m, the horizontal load borne by the bearing platform upright post is almost unchanged. It can be considered that when bearing horizontal load, the resistance of the bearing platform upright post is only resisted by a soil layer with a certain thickness, the thickness is defined as the thickness influenced by horizontal force of foundation soil on the side surface of the bearing platform upright post, and the thickness is 2m for cohesive soil in the example.
The ultimate horizontal bearing capacity of the bearing platform upright post is calculated by adopting an ultimate foundation counterforce method, and an assumed foundation soil horizontal resistance distribution function f (x) is shown as shown in figure 6, wherein the foundation soil horizontal resistance is uniformly distributed within the range of the horizontal influence thickness of foundation soil on the side surface of the bearing platform upright post, namely the embedded depth of 2m, and takes the value asA part with a burial depth exceeding 2m, and horizontal resistance is formed byThe linear decrease is 0 at the bottom of the anchor. The theoretical distribution function of the horizontal resistance of the foundation soil at the side edge of the bearing platform upright post is shown as follows:
;
wherein:
f (x) represents a theoretical distribution function of horizontal resistance of foundation soil at the side edge of the bearing platform upright post;
representing saturated non-drainage shear strength (kPa) of foundation soil, and determining according to a geotechnical geological survey report of a specific tower position;
The thickness (m) of the foundation soil horizontal force on the side surface of the bearing platform upright post can be determined through finite element simulation or field test research, and the thickness (m) can be 2m for powdery clay;
representing the bearing platform burial depth (m);
x represents the vertical distance (m) from the calculation point to the ground, wherein the calculation point is a point between the bottom surface of the bearing platform and the ground.
S5) when the variable cross section group anchor foundation bears horizontal load, the load duty ratio borne by the anchor rods is related to the embedded depth of the bearing platform. In order to determine the anchor rod horizontal bearing capacity exertion coefficient zeta, a variable cross section group anchor foundation finite element simulation model with different bearing platform burial depths is established, as shown in fig. 4.
As shown in fig. 5, as the bearing platform burial depth increases from 1m to 3m, the anchor rod horizontal bearing capacity coefficient linearly decreases from 96.7% to 23.5%. Therefore, the anchor rod horizontal bearing capacity exertion coefficient can be subjected to a conservative value, and the value is shown in a table 1:
table 1 anchor rod horizontal bearing capacity coefficient
In the invention, the anchor rod horizontal bearing capacity exertion coefficient zeta is interpolated according to a table to take a value.
In the case of a certain extra-high voltage transmission line engineering, the covering layer is made of powdery clay, the thickness of the covering layer is 3m, 4m and 5m, the burial depths of corresponding bearing platforms are 1m, 2m and 3m, the lengths of variable-section anchor rods are 2.25m, 2m of the variable-section anchor rods are arranged in the covering layer, 0.25m of the variable-section anchor rods are embedded in rocks, and the rock stratum is made of medium-stroke sandy conglomerate.
The anchor rod base anchor bar adopts screw steel with the diameter of HRB400 of 36mm, the elastic modulus is 200GPa, the grouting body adopts high-performance grouting material, the elastic modulus and the Poisson ratio are respectively 40GPa and 0.2, the diameter of the variable section anchor rod is 250mm, the diameter of the constant section anchor rod is 110mm, and the spacing of the anchor rods is 750mm. The width of the bearing platform is 2.1m.
The horizontal bearing capacity prediction is carried out on a single variable-section anchor rod and a group anchor foundation by adopting the variable-section group anchor horizontal bearing capacity design method considering the anchor rod play coefficient, the calculation result is compared with the true test and the finite element analysis result, the accuracy of the design method is verified, and the results are shown in the table 2 and the table 3:
TABLE 2 comparison of variable section Single Anchor ultimate horizontal bearing force calculation results (Unit: kN)
In the above table 2, P Lu、Ptest、PFEM represents the variable cross section single anchor limit horizontal bearing capacity obtained by adopting theoretical method calculation, true test and finite element result, and the unit is KN.
TABLE 3 comparison of variable section group Anchor base horizontal bearing capacity calculation results (Unit: kN)
In the table 3, fy1 and Fy2 respectively represent the calculation results of finite elements of the horizontal resistance provided by the anchor rod and the upright post of the bearing platform under the action of horizontal load, the unit is kN, and Fl1 and Fl2 respectively represent the theoretical calculation results of the horizontal resistance provided by the anchor rod and the upright post of the bearing platform under the action of horizontal load, the unit is kN.
As can be seen from Table 2, under the geological conditions, the difference between the calculated variable cross section single anchor limit horizontal bearing capacity and the test and finite element results is less than 5%, and the anastomosis is good.
As can be seen from Table 3, under the geological conditions, the difference between the ultimate horizontal bearing capacity of the variable cross section group anchor obtained by calculation and the finite element result is less than 8%, and the anastomosis is good.
In conclusion, the novel variable cross section group anchor horizontal bearing capacity design method provided by the invention has clear mechanical concept, the horizontal load distribution ratio of the bearing platform upright post and the anchor rod is quantized for the first time, the formula is simple and convenient, and the calculation accuracy is good.
Finally, it should be noted that what has not been described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art, and the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.