CN120312823B - Shaft sealing structure, motor and vehicle - Google Patents
Shaft sealing structure, motor and vehicleInfo
- Publication number
- CN120312823B CN120312823B CN202510805547.7A CN202510805547A CN120312823B CN 120312823 B CN120312823 B CN 120312823B CN 202510805547 A CN202510805547 A CN 202510805547A CN 120312823 B CN120312823 B CN 120312823B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- shaft
- sleeve
- sealing
- shaft sleeve
- oil seal
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a shaft sealing structure, a motor and a vehicle, wherein the shaft sealing structure comprises a main shaft, a shaft sleeve and a first sealing element, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft, the first sealing element is arranged on the radial outer side of the shaft sleeve, and in the axial direction of the shaft sleeve, part of the inner wall surface of the first sealing element is contacted with the outer wall surface of the shaft sleeve, so that a first layer of waterproof structure is formed between the first sealing element and the shaft sleeve. According to the invention, the contact area of the first sealing element and the shaft sleeve is greatly increased by the surface contact mode, and compared with the line contact, the surface contact can more uniformly distribute the sealing pressure, so that the risk of failure of the first sealing element caused by local abrasion is effectively reduced, and the risk of motor damage caused by sealing failure is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly relates to a shaft sealing structure, a motor and a vehicle.
Background
The motor has very big damage risk when working under comparatively adverse conditions such as external environment humidity is big, dust is big, and outside impurity such as sand soil or water gets into inside the motor and can corrode the inside metal parts of motor, seriously influences motor performance, probably takes place the motor phenomenon of burning down even.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the conventional waterproof seal for a motor is characterized in that the oil seal 3՚ is mounted on the penetrating part, the oil seal 3՚ plays a role of isolating an inner cavity and an outer cavity of the motor, the oil seal 3՚ is attached to the rotating shaft, and lubricating grease is coated on one side of the oil seal 3՚ during mounting, so that the tightness of the inner cavity and the outer cavity of the motor can be ensured, but the heat conductivity of the oil seal 3՚ is poor, the hardness of the material is high, the contact area between an oil seal lip and the spindle is small, so that the mechanical loss generated by friction between the oil seal and the rotating shaft is large, moreover, the oil seal 3՚ contacts with the rotating shaft for a long time, the contact surface of the rotating shaft is easy to wear, the contact surface of the rotating shaft and the oil seal is clearance, and the tightness of the oil seal is invalid, and if the motor runs in a severe environment, impurities and water are easy to cause the motor to damage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a shaft sealing structure, a motor and a vehicle, which can solve the technical problems that an oil sealing lip is in line contact with a main shaft, the contact area of the oil sealing lip and the main shaft is small, the contact surface of the main shaft is easy to wear, the contact surface of the main shaft and an oil sealing piece forms a gap, and the tightness of the oil sealing piece is invalid.
The invention provides a shaft sealing structure, which comprises a main shaft, a shaft sleeve and a first sealing piece, wherein the main shaft is provided with a first sealing groove;
The shaft sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft, the first sealing piece is arranged on the radial outer side of the shaft sleeve, and in the axial direction of the shaft sleeve, part of the inner wall surface of the first sealing piece is contacted with the outer wall surface of the shaft sleeve, so that a first layer of waterproof structure is formed between the first sealing piece and the shaft sleeve.
In some embodiments, the outer wall surface of the sleeve is provided with a protrusion having a first contact wall surface in the axial direction of the sleeve, and a portion of the inner wall surface of the first seal member is in contact with the first contact wall surface.
In some embodiments, the first seal is an oil seal, the first seal includes an oil seal main body and a lip portion, the oil seal main body is disposed on a radial outer side of the shaft sleeve, the lip portion is disposed on a first end surface of the oil seal main body, a length direction of the lip portion extends toward the first contact wall surface, a wall surface of the lip portion facing the first contact wall surface is a second contact wall surface, and the first contact wall surface contacts with the second contact wall surface.
In some embodiments, the oil seal cover plate is disposed radially outward of the shaft sleeve, and the oil seal cover plate covers the second end face of the oil seal body.
In some embodiments, the spindle further comprises a second sealing member, the second sealing member is mounted on the spindle, and in the radial direction of the shaft sleeve, the second sealing member is in sealing connection with the inner wall surface of the shaft sleeve, so that a second layer of waterproof structure is formed between the second sealing member and the shaft sleeve.
In some embodiments, a water storage ring groove is arranged at one end of the shaft sleeve, which is far away from the first sealing piece, a drainage through hole is arranged at the bottom wall of the water storage ring groove, a drainage gap is arranged between the outer wall of the main shaft and the inner wall of the shaft sleeve, the drainage through hole is communicated with the drainage gap, and fluid in the water storage ring groove is discharged through the drainage gap.
The motor comprises an end cover, a bearing and a shaft sealing structure, wherein the shaft sealing structure is the shaft sealing structure, the main shaft penetrates through the end cover, the end cover is provided with a bearing chamber and a mounting chamber which are mutually communicated, the bearing is mounted in the bearing chamber, a first sealing piece is mounted in the mounting chamber, a first end of the shaft sleeve stretches into the mounting chamber and is abutted to the bearing, and a second end of the shaft sleeve stretches out of the mounting chamber.
In some embodiments, the device further comprises an expansion sleeve sleeved on the main shaft, and the second end of the shaft sleeve is abutted with the expansion sleeve.
In some embodiments, a shielding cover is arranged on one end of the expansion sleeve facing the end cover, and when the shaft sealing structure further comprises an oil seal cover plate, the oil seal cover plate is installed on the end surface of the end cover facing the expansion sleeve, and the oil seal cover plate covers the installation cavity;
One side of the oil seal cover plate, which is away from the end cover, is provided with a baffle ring, the baffle ring is covered by a shielding cover, and a labyrinth waterproof structure is formed between the shielding cover and the baffle ring.
A vehicle comprising an electric machine, the electric machine being the electric machine described above.
The shaft sealing structure, the motor and the vehicle provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
According to the invention, the contact area between the first sealing element and the shaft sleeve is greatly increased by the surface contact mode, compared with the line contact mode, the surface contact mode can more uniformly distribute the sealing pressure and reduce the condition of overhigh local pressure, so that the risk of failure of the first sealing element due to local abrasion is effectively reduced. Under severe working environment (such as high humidity and high dust), the surface contact can better prevent external impurities (such as sand and water) from entering the motor, so that the waterproof and dustproof performances of the motor are greatly enhanced, and the service life of the motor is prolonged. In terms of reducing wear, the sealing mode of line contact can enable high friction stress to be locally generated between the first sealing piece and the main shaft, rapid wear of the first sealing piece and the main shaft is easy to occur, and the friction stress is dispersed to a larger area due to the large contact area in the surface contact mode, so that the friction stress in unit area is reduced. The wear speed of the main shaft and the first sealing element is obviously reduced, the problem of the increase of the sealing gap caused by wear is reduced, the damage risk of the motor caused by the failure of the sealing is avoided, and in addition, the service life of the surface contact type sealing element is longer due to the slower wear speed of the surface contact type sealing element, so that the frequency of replacing the first sealing element is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that the drawings described below are merely exemplary and that other embodiments may be derived from the drawings provided without undue effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art motor;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a detail of the oil seal of FIG. 1 in contact with a spindle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a prior art oil seal in contact with a primary axis;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a shaft seal structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged detail view of the sleeve and first seal of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a protrusion and a first seal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of an assembly of a sleeve with a first seal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a first seal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an oil seal cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
The drawing comprises a main shaft 1, a shaft sleeve 2, a shaft sleeve 201, a protrusion 211, a first contact wall surface 202, a storage Shui Huancao, a 203, a drainage through hole 204, a drainage gap 3, a first sealing element 301, an oil seal main body 311, a first end surface 312, a second end surface 302, a lip portion 321, a second contact wall surface 4, an oil seal cover plate 401, a baffle ring 5, a second sealing element 6, an end cover 7, a bearing 8, an expansion sleeve 9, a shielding cover 3 and an oil seal 3՚.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and the azimuth terms "inside and outside" refer to inside and outside with respect to the outline of each component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above," "upper" and "upper surface," "above" and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures.
Referring to fig. 4 to 6 in combination, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a shaft sealing structure including a main shaft 1, a sleeve 2, and a first seal member 3, the sleeve 2 being fitted over the main shaft 1, the first seal member 3 being disposed radially outward of the sleeve 2, and a portion of an inner wall surface of the first seal member 3 being in contact with an outer wall surface of the sleeve 2 in an axial direction of the sleeve 2, so that a first layer waterproof structure is formed between the first seal member 3 and the sleeve 2.
Specifically, the spindle 1 has a certain length, the sleeve 2 is sleeved on the spindle 1, the first seal member 3 is disposed radially outside the sleeve 2, in the radial direction of the sleeve 2, most of the inner wall surface of the first seal member 3 is in surface contact with the outer wall surface of the sleeve 2, in consideration of the axial seal of the sleeve 2, in the axial direction of the sleeve 2, part of the inner wall surface of the first seal member 3 is still in surface contact with the outer wall surface of the sleeve 2, the structures shown in fig. 1 to 3, the oil seal member 3՚ is in line contact with the spindle 1 in the axial direction, so that after the oil seal member 3՚ is worn, the gap between the seal member and the spindle 1 becomes large, and the spindle 1 is also worn to some extent.
In this embodiment, the surface contact manner greatly increases the contact area between the first sealing element 3 and the shaft sleeve 2, and compared with the line contact, the surface contact can more uniformly distribute the sealing pressure, and reduce the situation of too high local pressure, thereby effectively reducing the risk of failure of the first sealing element 3 due to local abrasion. Under severe working environment (such as high humidity and high dust), the surface contact can better prevent external impurities (such as sand and water) from entering the motor, so that the waterproof and dustproof performances of the motor are greatly enhanced, and the service life of the motor is prolonged. In terms of reducing wear, the sealing manner of the line contact can locally generate higher friction stress between the first sealing member 3 and the main shaft 1, which is easy to cause rapid wear of the first sealing member 3 and the main shaft 1, while the surface contact manner can disperse the friction stress to a larger area due to large contact area, thereby reducing the friction stress per unit area. The wear speed of the spindle 1 and the first seal 3 is significantly reduced, the problem of increased seal clearance caused by wear is reduced, the risk of damage to the motor caused by seal failure is avoided, and in addition, the service life of the surface contact type seal is longer due to the slower wear speed of the surface contact type seal, and the frequency of replacing the first seal 3 is reduced.
In this embodiment, the first sealing member 3 is not in direct contact with the spindle 1, but is provided with the shaft sleeve 2, the shaft sleeve 2 is sleeved on the spindle 1, the effect of isolating the spindle 1 from direct contact with the first sealing member 3 is achieved, in the axial direction of the shaft sleeve 2, part of the inner wall surface of the first sealing member 3 is in contact with the outer wall surface of the shaft sleeve 2, so that a first layer of waterproof structure is formed between the first sealing member 3 and the shaft sleeve 2, the contact area between the shaft sleeve 2 and the spindle 1 is increased, the abrasion between the shaft sleeve 2 and the spindle 1 is reduced, and even if the shaft sleeve 2 is worn, the spindle 1 does not need to be replaced by replacing the shaft sleeve 2, and the sealing member is replaced more conveniently and rapidly due to the existence of the shaft sleeve 2. In some harsh environments, such as humid, corrosive gas or liquid containing environments, the spindle 1 may be subject to corrosion and the sleeve 2 may act as a protective barrier reducing direct contact of the spindle 1 with the corrosive medium.
It should be noted that the size and surface roughness of the sleeve 2 may be more precisely controlled to better fit the sealing element, so that the sleeve 2 may be more easily processed to a precision meeting the sealing requirement than may be possible with the machining error or surface defect of the spindle 1, so that the sealing element may better fit the sealing surface, and the reliability of the sealing is enhanced. Because the friction between the shaft sleeve 2 and the sealing element replaces the friction between the main shaft 1 and the sealing element, the shaft sleeve 2 can be made of a material with better wear resistance, so that the wear speed of the sealing element can be reduced, the service life of the sealing element is prolonged, and the frequency of replacing the sealing element is reduced.
As shown in fig. 4 to 7 in combination, the outer wall surface of the sleeve 2 is provided with a projection 201, and in the axial direction of the sleeve 2, the projection 201 has a first contact wall surface 211, and a part of the inner wall surface of the first seal 3 is in surface contact with the first contact wall surface 211.
Specifically, in order to achieve the surface contact in the axial direction between the first seal member 3 and the sleeve 2, the sleeve 2 of the present embodiment is provided with the protrusion 201 on the outer wall surface, that is, the protrusion 201 is provided to protrude outward in the radial direction of the sleeve 2, so that the transition position of the protrusion 201 to the sleeve 2 forms a wall surface, that is, a step surface, and a first contact wall surface 211 of the protrusion 201 is formed, which provides an installation position for the first seal member 3, so that the inner wall surface of the first seal member 3 can be in surface contact with the first contact wall surface 211, and in the axial direction of the sleeve 2, the two are in surface contact.
In this embodiment, the step surface formed by the protrusion 201 provides a flat, regular and easy-to-process contact surface for the first sealing member 3, and compared with the whole contact of the outer wall surface of the shaft sleeve 2, the local step surface can more precisely control the contact area and contact pressure with the first sealing member 3, so that the surface contact between the first sealing member 3 and the shaft sleeve 2 is more uniform and tight, thereby remarkably improving the sealing effect and more effectively preventing external impurities (such as sand and water) from entering the motor. By realizing the surface contact at the step surface of the projection 201, the contact pressure between the seal and the sleeve 2 can be concentrated in a relatively small area, which reduces the contact pressure per unit area, thereby reducing the friction force and the wear speed between the seal and the sleeve 2, prolonging the service life of the first seal 3, and reducing the replacement frequency and maintenance cost. In addition, the presence of the projection 201 provides a well-defined mounting location for the seal, so that the first seal 3 can be aligned more accurately with the sleeve 2 during the mounting process, the problem of poor sealing possibly caused by deviation of the mounting position of the seal is avoided, and the first seal 3 can be ensured to perform its sealing function in the optimal position. On the other hand, during the operation of the motor, the rotation of the spindle 1 and possible vibration can cause the first sealing member 3 to shift, and the step surface formed by the protrusion 201 can be used as a stop structure to limit the movement of the sealing member in the axial direction, so that the stability of the installation of the first sealing member 3 is improved, the first sealing member 3 is ensured to always maintain a good contact state with the shaft sleeve 2, and reliable sealing performance is maintained.
As another embodiment, in addition to providing the protrusion 201 on the outer wall surface of the sleeve 2, the present embodiment may also provide a groove on the outer wall surface of the sleeve 2, so as to ensure that the first seal member 3 is provided with a corresponding protruding structure, so that the inner wall surface of the first seal member 3 is still in surface contact with the outer wall surface of the sleeve 2 in the axial direction. It is also possible to provide a sealing gasket or sealing ring between the outer wall surface of the sleeve 2 and the first seal member 3, and to achieve surface contact by elastic deformation of the gasket or sealing ring.
As shown in fig. 4 to 9, the first seal member 3 is an oil seal, the first seal member 3 includes an oil seal body 301 and a lip portion 302, the oil seal body 301 is provided on the radial outside of the sleeve 2, the lip portion 302 is provided on a first end face 311 of the oil seal body 301, the length direction of the lip portion 302 extends toward the first contact wall face 211, the wall face of the lip portion 302 toward the first contact wall face 211 is a second contact wall face 321, and the first contact wall face 211 is in surface contact with the second contact wall face 321.
Specifically, the first sealing member 3 is an oil seal, the oil seal member 3՚ shown in fig. 1 to 3 is shown, but the lip portion of the oil seal member 3՚ is in line contact with the main shaft 1, the first sealing member 3 of this embodiment includes an oil seal main body 301 and a lip portion 302, the oil seal main body 301 is located on the radial outer side of the sleeve 2, but the lip portion 302 is disposed on the end face of the oil seal main body 301, and the length of the lip portion 302 extends toward the first contact wall surface 211, after the sleeve 2 is sleeved on the main shaft 1, the first contact wall surface 211 of the protrusion 201 contacts with the second contact wall surface 321 of the lip portion 302, when the motor is running, the temperature in the motor cavity is far higher than the outside of the motor, the temperature rise air pressure is also increased, so that the lip portion 302 is tightly attached to the protrusion 201, and the sealing effect is also enhanced.
In this embodiment, the surface contact manner forms a large-area contact area between the second contact wall 321 of the oil seal lip 302 and the first contact wall 211 of the boss 201 of the sleeve 2, and compared with the line contact, the contact area is greatly increased, the sealing pressure distribution is more uniform, and leakage of external impurities (such as sand and water) and internal media (such as lubricating oil) can be more effectively prevented. The surface contact mode enables the contact between the oil seal lip 302 and the shaft sleeve 2 to be more stable, so that the swing, vibration or partial abrasion possibly generated by the line contact between the oil seal lip 302 and the main shaft 1 is reduced, the step surface of the bulge 201 provides a definite support and positioning for the oil seal lip 302, and the first sealing element 3 is ensured to always maintain a good contact state in the running process. The surface contact mode enables the stress of the oil seal lip 302 to be more uniform, the problems of deformation and stress concentration of the first sealing element 3 caused by overlarge local pressure are solved, and the fatigue aging speed of the oil seal material can be reduced due to the more uniform stress distribution.
As a specific embodiment, the first contact wall surface 211 and the second contact wall surface 321 are both inclined surfaces, and the two inclined surfaces have opposite inclination directions, so that the contact area between the lip 302 and the protrusion 201 can be further increased by providing the inclined surfaces. In the contact area, the structure can better adapt to tiny displacement caused by temperature change, vibration or mechanical deformation, a stable sealing effect is maintained, the inclined planes in opposite inclined directions can form a self-locking mechanism to prevent the sealing element from being displaced in the axial direction and the radial direction, the arrangement of the inclined planes allows certain axial displacement and radial displacement, the displacement is automatically compensated through the matching of the inclined planes, and the adaptability and the reliability of the sealing system are improved, especially in the condition of tiny vibration or load change. Specifically, the surface hardness of the sleeve 2 should be 58hrc to 63hrc, and the roughness near the contact portion (the protrusion 201) with the first seal member 3 is (0.2 to 0.4) um Ra. The bottom of the bulge 201 is rounded to prevent the boss from cutting the oil seal, and the angle and the length of the slope are required to ensure that the motor can be attached to the lip part 302 of the oil seal when not running.
As a specific embodiment, the thickness of the root portion of the lip portion 302, i.e., the portion connected to the oil seal main body 301, is larger, and the thickness of the top portion thereof is smaller, i.e., the inclination angle of the top portion is smaller by 2 to 3 °.
Referring to fig. 4 to 10 in combination, the oil seal cover plate 4 is further included, the oil seal cover plate 4 is disposed radially outside the sleeve 2, and the oil seal cover plate 4 covers the second end face 312 of the oil seal main body 301.
Specifically, in the axial direction of the sleeve 2, both end surfaces of the first seal member 3 need to have a certain tightness, the lip portion 302 provided on the first end surface 311 can ensure that the first seal member 3 and the sleeve 2 are sealed, the second end surface 312 of the oil seal main body 301 may be provided with the oil seal cover plate 4, and the inner peripheral wall of the oil seal cover plate 4 extends in the radial direction of the sleeve 2 until the oil seal cover plate 4 covers the second end surface 312 of the oil seal main body 301, but the oil seal cover plate 4 is still located radially outside the sleeve 2.
In this embodiment, the oil seal cover plate 4 covers the second end face 312 of the oil seal main body 301 to form an additional physical barrier, so as to prevent external impurities (such as sand, dust, water, etc.) from invading the inside of the motor from the other end of the oil seal main body 301, further improve the dustproof and waterproof performances of the motor, and reduce the damage risk of the motor caused by the entry of the impurities. The oil seal cover plate 4 extends in the radial direction of the shaft sleeve 2 through the inner peripheral wall of the oil seal cover plate, the second end face 312 of the oil seal main body 301 is firmly covered, the oil seal main body 301 is prevented from shifting or loosening in the axial direction and the radial direction, the installation stability of the oil seal main body 301 is enhanced, a good sealing state is ensured in the running process of the motor, and the service life of the oil seal is prolonged. The oil seal cover plate 4 and the oil seal main body 301 can form an additional sealing surface, so that the sealing effect is further enhanced, and an auxiliary seal layer is added on the basis of the sealing of the oil seal lip 302 and the shaft sleeve 2, so that the sealing performance of the motor is not reduced in the long-term operation process.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5 in combination, the spindle sleeve further includes a second sealing member 5, wherein the second sealing member 5 is mounted on the spindle 1, and the second sealing member 5 is in sealing connection with an inner wall surface of the spindle sleeve 2 in a radial direction of the spindle sleeve 2, so that a second waterproof structure is formed between the second sealing member 5 and the spindle sleeve 2.
Specifically, a first sealing element 3 is arranged on the radial outer side of the shaft sleeve 2, a second sealing element 5 is arranged on the radial inner side of the shaft sleeve 2, the second sealing element 5 is an O-shaped sealing ring, the shaft sleeve 2 is installed after the second sealing element 5 is installed on the main shaft 1, the shaft sleeve 2 is in interference fit with the main shaft 1, an external force is applied in the installation process of the shaft sleeve 2, the O-shaped sealing ring is extruded to deform, and the inner wall surface of the shaft sleeve 2, the second sealing element 5 and the outer wall surface of the main shaft 1 are tightly attached.
In this embodiment, the second sealing member 5 provides an additional sealing layer for the motor, and cooperates with the first sealing member 3 to significantly improve the overall sealing effect, more effectively prevent external moisture, dust and other impurities from entering the interior of the motor, reduce the risk of damage to the motor due to water or ash, and prolong the service life of the motor. The second sealing element 5 and the first sealing element 3 together form a multi-layer sealing system, and even if one layer of the sealing elements is worn or fails, the other layer can still function, so that the reliability and the fault tolerance of the sealing system are improved. In some cases, it is also possible to prevent impurities or media inside the motor from leaking from the gap between the sleeve 2 and the spindle 1 to the external environment, avoiding pollution or damage to surrounding equipment or the environment.
In this embodiment, the first seal member 3 and the second seal member 5 are respectively located on the radial outer side and the radial inner side of the shaft sleeve 2, so as to form two independent sealing barriers, the first seal member 3 mainly prevents external impurities and liquid from entering the motor, the second seal member 5 further prevents internal media (such as lubricating oil) from leaking to the external environment, and provides additional external protection. Secondly, the first sealing member 3 and the second sealing member 5 complement each other in structure and function, the first sealing member 3 (such as an oil seal) is in surface contact with the shaft sleeve 2 through the lip portion 302 to achieve sealing, and the second sealing member 5 (such as an O-ring) is in close contact with the inner wall surfaces of the main shaft 1 and the shaft sleeve 2 through elastic deformation to achieve sealing, and the combination of the two can effectively cope with leakage paths in different directions and types. During operation of the motor, the seals are subjected to various pressures and stresses, such as internal pressure, external pressure, vibrations, temperature variations, and the like. The first seal 3 and the second seal 5 distribute the total load to which the sealing system is subjected by taking up part of the pressure and stress respectively. During operation of the motor, the seals are subjected to various stresses and stresses, such as internal pressure, external pressure, vibrations, temperature variations, etc., and the first seal 3 and the second seal 5 distribute the total load to which the sealing system is subjected by respectively taking up part of the stresses and stresses.
As a specific embodiment, in order to facilitate the installation of the second seal member 5, the spindle 1 is provided with a groove body for installing the second seal member 5, and after the second seal member 5 is installed in the groove body, the outer wall surface of the second seal member 5 is higher than the outer wall surface of the spindle 1, so that the installation of the shaft sleeve 2 is not affected, and a certain deformation space can be provided.
Referring to fig. 4 and 9, a water storage ring groove 202 is arranged at one end of the shaft sleeve 2 far away from the first sealing member 3, a drainage through hole 203 is arranged at the bottom wall of the water storage ring groove 202, a drainage gap 204 is arranged between the outer wall of the main shaft 1 and the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 2, the drainage through hole 203 is communicated with the drainage gap 204, and fluid in the water storage ring groove 202 is discharged through the drainage gap 204.
Specifically, compared with the arrangement of the first sealing member 3 and the second sealing member 5, the water storage ring groove 202 is arranged at one end of the shaft sleeve 2 far away from the first sealing member 3, which is corresponding to a space provided by the water storage ring groove 202 after water is fed into the external environment, external muddy water can flow into the water storage ring groove 202, muddy water flows into the drainage gap 204 through the drainage through hole 203, and in the running process of the motor, the centrifugal force is applied, so that the muddy water in the drainage gap 204 permeates into the motor.
In this embodiment, the water storage ring groove 202 provides a temporary storage space for the moisture entering the sealing system, so that the moisture is prevented from directly invading the inside of the motor, the risk of entering the inside of the motor is reduced, the waterproof performance of the motor is enhanced, the water in the water storage ring groove 202 is guided to the water discharge gap 204 by the water discharge hole 203, the water is discharged out of the motor by the water discharge gap 204 by utilizing the centrifugal force, the invading moisture is effectively discharged, and the internal components of the motor are protected. Secondly, the risk that the first sealing element 3 and the second sealing element 5 are damaged due to continuous contact with moisture is reduced, the service life of the sealing elements is prolonged, the possibility of failure of the sealing system is reduced, and the reliability of the sealing system is improved.
As a specific embodiment, a plurality of drainage through holes 203 are formed in the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve 2, the drainage through holes 203 are in an inverted cone shape, the inverted cone structure enables the opening ends of the through holes to be larger, the inside of the through holes is gradually reduced, guiding is provided for moisture, the moisture can flow into the drainage through holes 203 from the water storage ring groove 202 more easily, the moisture can be further discharged into the drainage gap 204, the drainage of the moisture is accelerated, and the drainage efficiency is improved. Compared with the straight cylindrical through hole, the expansion part of the inverted conical through hole in the shaft sleeve 2 can disperse stress, reduce stress concentration of materials around the through hole, and strengthen the overall structural strength of the shaft sleeve 2, so that the shaft sleeve is more durable. The plurality of inverted cone-shaped drain through holes 203 are provided in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 2, so that it is ensured that moisture entering from any direction can be effectively collected and discharged, and the device is suitable for various complex working environments.
Referring to fig. 4 and 10 in combination, a motor includes an end cover 6, a bearing 7 and a shaft sealing structure, the shaft sealing structure is the shaft sealing structure described above, a spindle 1 is inserted in the end cover 6, the end cover 6 is provided with a bearing chamber and a mounting chamber which are mutually communicated, the bearing 7 is mounted in the bearing chamber, a first sealing member 3 is mounted in the mounting chamber, a first end of a shaft sleeve 2 extends into the mounting chamber and abuts against the bearing 7, and a second end of the shaft sleeve 2 extends out of the mounting chamber.
Specifically, the shaft sealing structure of the present embodiment is applied to a motor, the main shaft 1 is used as a rotating component to extend out of the end cover 6, a gap inevitably exists between the end cover 6 and the main shaft 1, mud water enters into the bearing chamber through the gap, and then enters into the interior of the motor, the shaft sealing structure is set up to be sealed at the axial extending position, the orientation shown in fig. 4 is taken as the reference, external mud water easily enters into the bearing chamber from the left side of the end cover 6, in order to facilitate the installation of the first sealing member 3, an installation chamber is arranged on the end cover 6, the first end of the shaft sleeve 2 extends into the installation chamber, the first sealing member 3 is embedded in the installation chamber, the first sealing member 3 is located on the radial outer side of the shaft sleeve 2, the first end face 311 of the oil seal main body 301 faces the bearing chamber, that is arranged towards the bearing chamber, that is, the second contact wall surface 321 of the lip 302 faces the bearing chamber, the first contact wall surface 211 of the boss 201 is also arranged towards the bearing chamber, the axial arrangement of the second sealing member 5 corresponds to the arrangement of the lip 302, and the arrangement of the first sealing member 3 and the second sealing member 5 is more prevented from entering into the bearing chamber.
In this embodiment, the first sealing member 3 and the second sealing member 5 together form a multi-layer sealing barrier, so that impurities such as muddy water are effectively prevented from entering the bearing chamber and the motor from the gap between the end cover 6 and the main shaft 1, the sealing performance of the motor is obviously improved, the risk of motor failure caused by water inlet or ash inlet is reduced, and the service life of the motor is prolonged. The bearing 7 is used as a key component of the motor, has higher requirements on running precision and service life, and the double sealing structure can effectively prevent muddy water from entering a bearing chamber, so that the bearing 7 is prevented from being worn and corroded due to contact with moisture and impurities, the service life of the bearing 7 is prolonged, and the running stability and reliability of the motor are ensured. The first sealing piece 3 is embedded in the mounting cavity, and the first end of the shaft sleeve 2 extends into the mounting cavity to be abutted with the bearing 7, so that the shaft sealing structure of the motor is more compact, the space is saved, and the miniaturization and optimization of the whole structure of the motor are facilitated. The whole sealing scheme of the embodiment is reasonable in arrangement, all parts work cooperatively, the reliability and stability of the motor under various working conditions are enhanced, the failure probability caused by sealing problems is reduced, and the quality and performance of the motor are improved.
Referring to fig. 4 and 9 in combination, the device further comprises an expansion sleeve 8, the expansion sleeve 8 is sleeved on the main shaft 1, and the second end of the shaft sleeve 2 is abutted with the expansion sleeve 8.
Specifically, the expansion sleeve 8 is used as a conventional arrangement of a motor structure, in the motor structure shown in fig. 1, a larger distance is provided between the expansion sleeve 8 and the end cover 6, and in this embodiment, since the second end of the shaft sleeve 2 extends out of the mounting chamber, the shaft sleeve 2 is abutted with the expansion sleeve 8, that is, two ends of the shaft sleeve 2 are respectively abutted with the bearing 7 and the expansion sleeve 8, so that the structure is more compact.
In this embodiment, the sleeve both ends respectively with bearing 7 and expansion shell 8 butt for the overall arrangement between each part is inseparabler, reduces the distance between end cover 6 and the expansion shell 8, thereby optimizes motor inner space utilization, makes motor structure compacter. The two ends of the shaft sleeve 2 are respectively abutted with the bearing 7 and the expansion sleeve 8, so that the layout among all the components is more compact, the distance between the end cover 6 and the expansion sleeve 8 is reduced, the utilization of the internal space of the motor is optimized, the motor structure is more compact, the abutting relation of the two ends of the shaft sleeve 2 enhances the stability of the whole motor shaft sealing structure, the loosening or shifting risk of the components is reduced, the long-term reliable operation of the motor is ensured, and the faults caused by the connection problem of the components are reduced.
Referring to fig. 4 to 9, a shielding cover 9 is arranged at one end, facing the end cover 6, of the expansion sleeve 8, when the shaft sealing structure further comprises an oil seal cover plate 4, the oil seal cover plate 4 is arranged on the end face, facing the expansion sleeve 8, of the end cover 6, the oil seal cover plate 4 covers the installation cavity, a baffle ring 401 is arranged at one side, facing away from the end cover 6, of the oil seal cover plate 4, the shielding cover 9 covers the baffle ring 401, and a labyrinth waterproof structure is formed between the shielding cover 9 and the baffle ring 401.
Specifically, taking the orientation shown in fig. 4 as a reference, the expansion sleeve 8 is disposed on the left side of the end cover 6, one end face of the expansion sleeve 8 and one end face of the end cover 6 are disposed opposite to each other, the end face of the expansion sleeve 8 facing the end cover 6 is provided with the shielding cover 9, the shielding cover 9 has a certain length in the axial direction, which corresponds to providing a containing space, the oil seal cover 4 is disposed on the end face of the end cover 6, the shielding cover 9 can cover the oil seal cover 4, the baffle ring 401 is of an irregular structure, and the end part of the baffle ring 401 can extend into the containing space of the shielding cover 9, so that a bent labyrinth waterproof structure is formed between the baffle ring 401 and the shielding cover 9. When the external muddy water flows into the labyrinth waterproof structure, the muddy water is stored on the outer wall surface of the baffle ring 401, accumulated to a certain extent, and then flows toward the boss 2.
In this embodiment, the shielding cover 9 has a certain length in the axial direction, which provides an additional physical barrier for external muddy water, so that the muddy water is difficult to directly contact with the oil seal cover plate 4 and the internal sealing component, when the external muddy water flows into the labyrinth waterproof structure, the muddy water is firstly stored on the outer wall surface of the baffle ring 401, and flows towards the shaft sleeve 2 after accumulating to a certain extent, thereby slowing down the speed of the muddy water entering the motor and reducing the risk of direct invasion of the muddy water. The bent labyrinth waterproof structure is formed between the shielding cover 9 and the baffle ring 401, and the labyrinth waterproof structure can effectively reduce the possibility that the muddy water enters the motor by increasing the path length and complexity of fluid flow so that the muddy water needs to be diverted and buffered for many times before entering the motor, and improves the reliability of a sealing system, particularly when facing continuous or high-pressure water flow. Further, the shielding cover 9 covers the outside of the oil seal cover plate 4 and the baffle ring 401, protecting these components from external mechanical damage and environmental factors such as splashed stones, sand particles, and the like.
As a specific embodiment, the end of the shaft sleeve 2 away from the first sealing member 3 is provided with a water storage ring groove 202, the water storage ring groove 202 is arranged close to the expansion sleeve 8, the baffle ring 401 is located at the radial outer side of the water storage ring groove 202, a water storage chamber with larger space is formed between the baffle ring 401 and the water storage ring groove 202, when external muddy water radially flows from the labyrinth waterproof structure, the external muddy water also flows into the water storage chamber first and then flows into the water storage ring groove 202, and is discharged from the water discharge gap 204, according to structural characteristics, the expansion sleeve 8 and the main shaft 1 are in fact in clearance, the rotation of the main shaft 1 drives the shaft sleeve 2 and the expansion sleeve 8 to rotate, and the muddy water is discharged from the water discharge gap 204. The water storage ring groove 202, the baffle ring 401 and the shielding cover 9 together construct a multi-stage blocking system, so that external muddy water is difficult to directly invade the inside of the motor, the shielding cover 9 serves as the outermost protection, the labyrinth structure formed by the cooperation of the shielding ring 401 forces the muddy water to change the flowing direction and slow down the invasion speed of the muddy water, and the water storage cavity formed by the baffle ring 401 and the water storage ring groove 202 can respectively store the muddy water flowing in different stages temporarily. By arranging the shielding cover 9, the baffle ring 401, the water storage ring groove 202 and other structures at the front end (relative to the mud water invasion direction) of the sealing system, the mud water quantity of the sealing element directly impacted is effectively reduced, the abrasion speed of the sealing element is reduced, the service life of the sealing element is prolonged, and the reliability of the sealing system is enhanced. The three components cooperate to block, temporarily store and guide the mud water from entering from different layers and directions to form a more perfect and efficient sealing system, so that the sealing performance of the motor is obviously improved, and the motor can be better adapted to severe environments such as damp, muddy and the like.
A vehicle comprises a motor, wherein the motor is the motor, the vehicle is of a direct-drive type, namely, the motor is directly connected with an automobile axle, and a reduction gearbox is not arranged in the middle of the motor.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above advantageous ways can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202510805547.7A CN120312823B (en) | 2025-06-17 | 2025-06-17 | Shaft sealing structure, motor and vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202510805547.7A CN120312823B (en) | 2025-06-17 | 2025-06-17 | Shaft sealing structure, motor and vehicle |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6428015B1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2002-08-06 | Komatsu, Ltd. | Liquid seal structure |
| CN104358951A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-18 | 杭州优能特旋转接头制造厂 | Long-life rotary joint |
| CN221388934U (en) * | 2023-12-23 | 2024-07-23 | 江苏特贝尔精密机械科技有限公司 | High waterproof low-speed workpiece motorized spindle |
| CN118713363A (en) * | 2024-07-01 | 2024-09-27 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Oil seal structure and motor |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117118126B (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2025-10-24 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A sealing structure and a motor having the same |
| CN221170749U (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2024-06-18 | 明阳智慧能源集团股份公司 | Main shaft bearing sealing structure and wind generating set |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6428015B1 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2002-08-06 | Komatsu, Ltd. | Liquid seal structure |
| CN104358951A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-18 | 杭州优能特旋转接头制造厂 | Long-life rotary joint |
| CN221388934U (en) * | 2023-12-23 | 2024-07-23 | 江苏特贝尔精密机械科技有限公司 | High waterproof low-speed workpiece motorized spindle |
| CN118713363A (en) * | 2024-07-01 | 2024-09-27 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Oil seal structure and motor |
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| CN120312823A (en) | 2025-07-15 |
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