High-precision automatic rail aligning device and working method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail alignment, in particular to a high-precision automatic rail alignment device and a working method thereof.
Background
In railway work, rail welding is an important work, and when the rails are welded, the end faces of two sections of rails are required to be flush, so that the alignment work of the end faces of the rails is required to be carried out before the rails are welded. The existing rail alignment methods mainly comprise manual alignment and rail alignment correction of devices on a large-scale rail welding vehicle, wherein the manual alignment and rail alignment method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, has large errors, and partial tools do not meet the technical specifications, and the rail alignment method is huge in equipment size, occupies space, limits the operation flexibility of the rail alignment method in some narrow or complex environments, and does not have economy and convenience.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-precision automatic rail aligning device and a working method thereof, which solve the following technical problems: the device on manual alignment and large-scale steel rail welding car is to rail correction, and the former is wasted time and energy and the error is great, partial instrument is not in line with technical specification, and the latter equipment is bulky, not only occupation space, still limited its flexibility of operation under some narrow and small or complex environment, does not have economy and convenience.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
The high-precision automatic rail aligning device comprises a plurality of sleepers, wherein two steel rails are placed on the sleepers, the position and the spatial attitude of the steel rails are measured through a measuring mechanism between the two steel rails, and the position and the spatial attitude of the steel rails are adjusted through an adjusting mechanism;
the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting frame, a reciprocating moving frame is arranged on the adjusting frame, a Y-shaped frame is fixedly arranged on the moving frame, and a mechanical clamp which moves up and down is arranged on the Y-shaped frame;
the measuring mechanism comprises two measuring seats which are in butt joint, wherein at least 5 displacement sensors in X, Y axial directions and Z axial surface directions are arranged on one measuring seat.
According to the invention, one side of the adjusting frame is fixedly provided with a first turbine shell, one side of the first turbine shell is fixedly provided with a first servo motor, the first servo motor drives a screw rod to rotate through a turbine and a worm, a first thread bush is sleeved on the screw rod, an inserting connector is fixedly arranged at the end part of the first thread bush, the inserting connector is matched with an inserting seat on the moving frame, and when the screw rod rotates, the first thread bush is driven to move so as to drive the moving frame to horizontally move.
As a further scheme of the invention, the movable frame is in sliding connection with the sliding rails arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the adjusting frame.
The Y-shaped frame is provided with a second turbine shell, one side of the second turbine shell is fixedly provided with a second servo motor, the second servo motor drives a second screw rod to rotate through a turbine and a worm, the outer thread of the second screw rod is connected with a second thread bush, the outer side of the second thread bush is fixedly provided with a triangular plate, both sides of the triangular plate are provided with pulleys, and the pulleys are in sliding connection with sliding columns arranged on the inner wall of the movable frame.
As a further scheme of the invention, a rotary disk is rotatably connected inside the triangular plate, two arc-shaped pin shaft grooves are formed in the rotary disk, the pin shaft grooves are connected with a mechanical clamp through pin shafts, and the upper ends of the mechanical clamp are connected with the triangular plate through guide wheels.
As a further proposal of the invention, the inner wall of the mechanical clamp is provided with a bottom surface supporting part.
As a further scheme of the invention, a top block is arranged at the bottom center of the triangular plate, and the top block is positioned between two mechanical clamps.
As a further scheme of the invention, three balance bolts are arranged at the bottom of the adjusting frame, and a level gauge is arranged on the adjusting frame.
As a further scheme of the invention, a plurality of supporting rollers are arranged in the two measuring seats, the adjacent surfaces of the two measuring seats are closed, and the separated surfaces are provided with openings matched with the steel rail.
As a further scheme of the invention, the working method of the high-precision automatic rail aligning device comprises the following steps:
Firstly, respectively inserting two steel rails into two measuring seats, fixing two adjusting mechanisms on a sleeper through balance bolts, and leveling through a level meter;
Measuring the positions of the two steel rails by 5 displacement sensors in the axial direction X, Y and the axial direction Z on the measuring mechanism, measuring the difference between the positions and the spatial postures of the two steel rails, and then starting the adjusting mechanism to adjust the positions of the two steel rails;
The method comprises the steps of rotating a rotating disc to drive a mechanical clamp to clamp a steel rail, starting a first servo motor to drive a screw rod to rotate through a worm gear and a worm, further driving a first threaded sleeve to horizontally move to push a movable frame and a Y-shaped frame to integrally and horizontally move, starting a second servo motor to drive a second screw rod to rotate through the worm gear and the worm, further driving a second threaded sleeve to lift and move, further driving a triangle and the mechanical clamp to integrally height, and adjusting the height of the steel rail until the steel rail meets the requirements.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention measures the position difference between the two steel rails through the measuring mechanism, transmits the measured data to the adjusting mechanism, and the adjusting mechanism adjusts the position and the space posture of the steel rails, thereby realizing automatic rail alignment and having higher precision.
The invention realizes the measurement of the whole space attitude of the steel rail through the arrangement of the sensors, and the invention ensures the axial parallelism by measuring whether the steel rail is parallel or not through 3 sensors on the surface, then the position difference is measured through 2 side sensors, and then signals are transmitted to a controller, and the controller controls an adjusting mechanism to realize automatic position adjustment.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic elevational view of the triangular plate of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic elevational view of the rotary disk of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the measuring mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of another overall construction of the measuring mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the measurement coordinate structure of the steel rail of the present invention.
1, A sleeper; 2, a steel rail, 3, an adjusting mechanism, 4, a measuring mechanism, 31, an adjusting frame, 32, a first servo motor, 33, a first turbine shell, 34, a screw rod, 35, a balance bolt, 36, a level meter, 37, a controller, 38, a second servo motor, 39, a second turbine shell, 310, a first screw sleeve, 311, a plug, 312, a socket, 313, a moving frame, 314, a sliding rail, 315, a connecting rod, 316, a Y-shaped frame, 317, a mechanical clamp, 318, a bottom surface supporting part, 319, a top block, 320, a triangular plate, 321, a second screw sleeve, 322, a second screw rod, 323, a rotating disc, 324, a sliding column, 325, a pulley, 326, a guide wheel, 327, a pin shaft groove, 328, a knob, 41, a measuring seat I, 42, a measuring seat II, 43, a supporting roller, 44, an X-axis displacement sensor, 45, a Y-axis displacement sensor, 46, and a Z-axis displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-9, the invention discloses a high-precision automatic rail aligning device, which comprises a plurality of sleepers 1, wherein two steel rails 2 are arranged on the sleepers 1, the position and the spatial attitude of the steel rails 2 are measured between the two steel rails 2 through a measuring mechanism 4, and the position and the spatial attitude of the steel rails 2 are adjusted through an adjusting mechanism 3;
The adjusting mechanism 3 comprises an adjusting frame 31, wherein a reciprocating moving frame 313 is arranged on the adjusting frame 31, a Y-shaped frame 316 is fixedly arranged on the moving frame 313, and a mechanical clamp 317 which moves up and down is arranged on the Y-shaped frame 316;
The measuring mechanism 4 comprises two measuring seats which are in butt joint, wherein 5 displacement sensors in X, Y axial directions and Z axial surface directions are arranged on one measuring seat. Whether the sensors are parallel or not is measured through the 3 sensors on the surface, axial parallelism is guaranteed, then the position difference is measured through the 2 side sensors, then signals are transmitted to the controller, and the controller controls the adjusting mechanism to realize automatic position adjustment.
The measurement of the track of the present solution involves 5 degrees of freedom in space (without rotation considerations), so that 5 sensors are required for the measurement and are arranged in a manner, as shown in particular in fig. 9.
One side of the adjusting frame 31 is fixedly provided with a first turbine shell 33, one side of the first turbine shell 33 is fixedly provided with a first servo motor 32, the first servo motor 32 drives a screw rod 34 to rotate through a turbine and a worm, the screw rod 34 penetrates through the center of the turbine and is fixedly connected with the turbine, a first threaded sleeve 310 is sleeved on the screw rod 34, the end part of the first threaded sleeve 310 is fixedly provided with an inserting head 311, the inserting head 311 is matched with an inserting seat 312 on the moving frame 313, the inserting head 311 is inserted into the inserting seat 312 and fixed through rivets, and in the scheme, the rotation limit of the first threaded sleeve 310 is realized through the matching of the inserting head 311 and the inserting seat 312, so that the horizontal movement of the first threaded sleeve is facilitated.
The moving frames 313 are slidably connected with sliding rails 314 arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the adjusting frame 31, so that the sliding stability of the moving frames is ensured, and the two moving frames 313 are connected through a connecting rod 315, so that synchronous driving is facilitated.
The first servo motor 32 is started, the screw rod 34 is driven to rotate through the turbine and the worm, and when the screw rod 34 rotates, the first thread bush 310 is driven to move so as to drive the movable frame 313 to horizontally move, so that the horizontal movement of the steel rail is realized.
Be provided with second turbine casing 39 on the Y type frame 316, one side fixed mounting of second turbine casing 39 has second servo motor 38, second servo motor 38 passes through turbine and worm and drives second lead screw 322 and rotate, second lead screw 322 runs through the turbine, and with turbine fixed connection, the turbine drives second lead screw 322 and rotates, the outside threaded connection of second lead screw 322 has second thread bush 321, the outside fixed mounting of second thread bush 321 has set square 320, set square 320's both sides all are provided with pulley 325, pulley 325 and the slip post 324 sliding connection who sets up on the inner wall of movable frame 313. The pulley 325 and the sliding post 324 are provided to limit the rotation of the second screw sleeve 321, thereby realizing the lifting movement.
The inside rotation of set square 320 is connected with rotary disk 323, the center department fixed mounting of rotary disk 323 has knob 328, and through spanner drive knob 328 rotation, and then drive rotary disk 323 rotation, two arc round pin axle grooves 327 have been seted up on the rotary disk 323, be connected with mechanical clamp 317 through the round pin axle in the round pin axle groove 327, the upper end of mechanical clamp 317 is connected with set square 320 through leading wheel 326. The knob 328 is driven to rotate by a spanner, so that the rotating disc 323 is driven to rotate, and the mechanical clamp 317 is driven to rotate under the cooperation of the pin shaft groove 327 and the pin shaft, so that the steel rail is clamped.
A bottom support 318 is provided on the inner wall of the mechanical clip 317. A top block 319 is arranged at the bottom center of the triangle 320, and the top block 319 is located between the two mechanical clips 317. By the arrangement of the support 318 and the top piece 319, the rail clamp is more fastened.
The bottom of the adjusting frame 31 is provided with three balance bolts 35, and the adjusting frame 31 is provided with a level gauge 36. By the arrangement of three balance bolts 35, the adjustment frame 31 is facilitated to be placed horizontally on the sleeper 1.
The measuring mechanism 4 comprises a first measuring seat 41 and a second measuring seat 42, wherein a plurality of supporting rollers 43 are arranged in the first measuring seat 41 and the second measuring seat 42, one surface of the first measuring seat 41, which is adjacent to the second measuring seat 42, is closed, an opening matched with the steel rail 2 is formed in the other surface, which is separated from the first measuring seat, an X-axis displacement sensor 44, a Y-axis displacement sensor 45 and a Z-axis displacement sensor 46 are arranged on the first measuring seat 41. By the arrangement of the measuring means 4, for aligning the two rails 2. Referring to fig. 10, the Z-axis is perpendicular to the rail cross-section.
The measuring mechanism 4 transmits the measured signal to the controller 37, and then the controller 37 starts the servo motor to work so as to realize the position adjustment, and the whole process is an automatic adjustment process.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-9, a working method of a high-precision automatic rail aligning device comprises the following steps:
firstly, respectively inserting two measuring seats into the end surfaces of two steel rails 2, respectively fixing the two measuring seats by the bottoms of the steel rails 2 through 2 supporting rollers 43, then fixing two adjusting mechanisms 3 on a sleeper 1 through balance bolts 35, and leveling through a level 36;
measuring the positions and the spatial postures of the two steel rails 2 through two displacement sensors in X, Y axial directions on the measuring mechanism 4 and 3 displacement sensors on the Z axial surface, calculating the difference between the positions and the spatial postures of the two steel rails 2 through the measurement, and then starting the adjusting mechanism 3 to adjust the positions of the two steel rails;
step three, the rotating disc 323 is rotated to drive the mechanical clamp 317 to clamp the steel rail 2, then the first servo motor 32 is started to drive the screw rod 34 to rotate through the worm and the worm gear to drive the first threaded sleeve 310 to horizontally move to push the movable frame 313 and the Y-shaped frame 316 to integrally horizontally move, the second servo motor 38 is started to drive the second screw rod 322 to rotate through the worm and the worm gear to drive the second threaded sleeve 321 to lift and move to drive the triangular plate 320 and the mechanical clamp 317 to integrally height, and the height of the steel rail 2 is adjusted until the requirements are met.
The foregoing describes one embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the present invention.