CN120209966A - A biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of ethanol fermentation, and specifically is an ethanol fermentation conversion reaction device and method based on biomass, comprising a fermenter, a fermentation chamber inside the fermenter is provided with an agitator, a power device of the agitator is located at the top of the fermenter, a ventilation component is provided at the bottom of the fermenter, the ventilation component is communicated with the inside of the fermenter, and a temperature control component is provided on the side wall of the fermenter; the present invention is provided with a screening bucket at the middle position of the bottom of the fermentation chamber, the solid raw material particles that are aggregated into agglomerates in the fermentation raw materials are confined to the inside of the screening bucket, and then stirred by a slowly rotating stirring plate to break and disperse the solid raw material particles, and fully mixed with the liquid raw material part that flows in, so as to avoid the situation that the solid particles aggregate into agglomerates, resulting in the expansion of the hypoxic area and affecting the smooth progress of the fermentation, thereby ensuring the quality of the fermentation liquid and further improving the ethanol conversion efficiency.

Description

Ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment and method based on biomass

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ethanol fermentation, and particularly relates to biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment and method.

Background

The second generation biomass-based liquid fuel is produced by taking non-grain lignocellulose biomass such as straw, wood and the like as raw materials, and the biomass raw materials are mainly converted into ethanol by utilizing an ethanol fermentation conversion technology based on the lignocellulose biomass in the preparation process.

In the actual operation process, the processing personnel find that a large amount of solid particles are still mixed in the pretreated fermentation raw materials, and the solid particles are easy to agglomerate and accumulate at the bottom of the fermentation tank because of the adhesion of saccharide components in the fermentation raw materials, so that the agglomerate raw materials are not fully contacted with fermentation strains, the fermentation is not thorough, and the accumulated solid particles are easy to isolate oxygen, so that the raw materials of the wrapped part are not fully contacted with the oxygen, and anaerobic areas appear to cause mass propagation of partial anaerobic microorganisms, thereby generating peculiar smell substances and even harmful substances and affecting the quality of fermentation liquor.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and solve the technical problems, the invention provides biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment and a biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction method.

The invention provides biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment, which comprises a fermentation tank, wherein a stirrer is arranged in a fermentation cavity in the fermentation tank, a power device of the stirrer is positioned at the top of the fermentation tank, a ventilation assembly is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation tank and communicated with the interior of the fermentation tank, and a temperature control assembly is arranged on the side wall of the fermentation tank;

The (mixing) shaft of agitator is located fermentation cavity intermediate position, just the stirring board is located on the (mixing) shaft, the inside position that is close to the bottom of fermentation cavity is provided with the screening fill, the (mixing) shaft slip runs through screening fill intermediate position, just screening fill bottom evenly is provided with the screening hole, the screening fill with set up the telescopic equipment output of fermentation cylinder bottom links to each other.

Preferably, guide plates are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the vertical part of the screening hopper, the guide plates are annularly distributed around the stirring shaft, and the end parts of the guide plates are inclined along the same rotation direction.

Preferably, broken pieces are uniformly arranged at the end part of the guide plate, which is close to the surface of one side of the stirring shaft, and the end part of the broken pieces is in a sharp structure.

Preferably, the inside cavity of the vertical part of the screening bucket forms an air charging cavity, the air charging cavity is communicated with the ventilation assembly through an air charging pipe, air charging holes are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the vertical part of the screening bucket, the air charging holes are communicated with the inside of the air charging cavity, and the air charging holes are distributed in gaps among the guide plates.

Preferably, the screening bucket bottom is bilayer structure, including fixed layer and deformation layer, the fixed layer selects for use the rigidity material, the deformation layer selects for use the elasticity material, just regional mediation clearance that forms between fixed layer and the deformation layer, the screening hole runs through fixed layer and deformation layer.

Preferably, the deformation layer is positioned at the upper side of the fixed layer, and the deformation layer is communicated with the ventilation assembly;

the screening holes are of conical hole structures, and the pore diameters of the screening holes located on the deformation layer are larger than those of the screening holes located on the fixed layer.

Preferably, the fixed layer is located inside one side surface of mediation clearance evenly is provided with the decomposition piece, the decomposition piece tip is the toper and with deformation intra-layer surface contact.

Preferably, the inside of the decomposition block is hollow, the hollow area inside the decomposition block is communicated with the inflation cavity, and air holes are uniformly formed in the side wall of the decomposition block and are communicated with the inside of the hollow area inside the decomposition block.

The biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion method uses the ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment, and comprises the following specific steps of:

S1, raw material pretreatment, namely crushing a biomass raw material by using crushing equipment, and then damaging the internal structure of the biomass raw material by a chemical or biological treatment method;

S2, hydrolytic saccharification, namely adding hydrolytic enzyme into the pretreated biomass raw material, controlling the temperature to be 45-55 ℃ and the pH to be 4.5-5.5, and continuing the hydrolysis reaction for 24-48 hours to obtain saccharified liquid;

S3, fermenting in a fermentation tank, namely transferring saccharification liquid into a cleaned and disinfected fermentation tank, and mixing fermentation strains, wherein the temperature in a fermentation cavity is controlled to be 4-5 at a value of 28-35℃, pH by adjusting a ventilation assembly and a temperature control assembly, and the fermentation period lasts for 48-72 hours;

S4, distilling and purifying, namely pumping the mixture into a distillation tower through a pipeline for rough distillation after fermentation is finished, increasing the concentration of ethanol to 40-60%, then entering a rectification tower, further separating and purifying, removing impurities of methanol and fusel oil, and finally obtaining the high-purity ethanol with the concentration of more than 95%.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

According to the biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment and the biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction method, the screening hopper is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the fermentation cavity, the stirring shaft and the stirring plate are driven to rotate when the power equipment is started, the stirring plate pushes fermentation raw materials to flow downwards and enter the screening hopper, the smaller particle part and the smaller liquid part smoothly pass through the screening hole and pass through the screening hopper, and the solid raw material particle parts mutually aggregated into clusters are limited to the inside of the screening hopper;

the telescopic equipment is started to push the screening hopper to vertically move upwards along the stirring shaft, the stirring plate which rotates at a low speed directly contacts and stirs solid particle aggregates inside the screening hopper, so that the solid particle aggregates are stirred to be crushed and dispersed, the solid particle aggregates and the liquid raw material which flows in are fully mixed and pass through the screening holes at the bottom, the process is repeated for a plurality of times, the condition that the anaerobic area is enlarged to affect the smooth fermentation is avoided, the solid particles are fully mixed with fermentation strains of the liquid part in the vertical circulating flow process inside the fermentation cavity, the fermentation efficiency is improved, and the ethanol conversion efficiency is further improved.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an ethanol fermentation conversion reaction apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of an ethanol fermentation shift reaction apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a screening hopper of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the screen hopper of the present invention after removal of the deformation layer;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion process of the present invention.

In the figure, a fermentation tank 1, a fermentation cavity 11, a stirrer 12, a stirring shaft 121, a stirring plate 122, a screening hopper 13, a screening hole 131, an inflation cavity 132, an inflation tube 133, an inflation hole 134, a fixed layer 135, a deformation layer 136, a dredging gap 137, a telescopic device 14, a guide plate 15, a crushing block 151, a decomposing block 16, an air guide hole 161 and an air ventilation assembly 2 are shown.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Embodiment one:

As shown in figures 1-5 in the drawings of the specification, the biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment comprises a fermentation tank 1, wherein a stirrer 12 is arranged in a fermentation cavity 11 in the fermentation tank 1, the stirrer 12 comprises a vertical stirring shaft 121 and a fan-shaped stirring plate 122 arranged on the outer surface of the bottom of the stirring shaft 121, a power device of the stirrer 12 is positioned at the top of the fermentation tank 1, a driving motor can be selected as the power device of the stirrer 12, the output end of the power device is connected with the stirrer 12, the stirrer 12 is driven to stir raw materials in the fermentation cavity 11 under the control of an external controller, a ventilation component 2 is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation tank 1 and communicated with the interior of the fermentation tank 1, a temperature control component is arranged on the side wall of the fermentation tank 1, and the ventilation component 2 and the temperature control component are controlled by a processor to adjust the gas environment and the temperature environment in the fermentation cavity 11 according to the requirements of the existing fermentation environment so as to ensure the smooth fermentation process;

The (mixing) shaft 121 of agitator 12 is located fermentation cavity 11 intermediate position, and stirring board 122 is located (mixing) shaft 121, the inside position that is close to the bottom in fermentation cavity 11 is provided with screening fill 13, screening fill 13 approximately annular basin form structure, and screening fill 13 outer lane edge portion keeps the clearance with fermentation cavity 11 inner wall, (mixing) shaft 121 slides and runs through screening fill 13 intermediate position, and screening fill 13 bottom evenly is provided with screening hole 131, screening fill 13 links to each other with the telescopic machanism 14 that sets up in fermentation cylinder 1 bottom, telescopic machanism 14 here can select current electric telescopic machanism.

The method comprises the specific working procedures of pretreating biomass raw materials such as straws and hydrolyzing to promote the formation of solid-liquid mixed fermentation raw materials rich in fermentable sugar, injecting the solid-liquid mixed fermentation raw materials into a fermentation tank 1, then supplementing a proper amount of fermentation strains to fully mix the solid-liquid mixed fermentation raw materials under the action of a stirrer 12, and matching an aeration assembly 2 and a temperature control assembly to ensure that the fermentation raw materials obtain proper fermentation temperature environment and gas environment in the fermentation tank 1 so as to ensure that the raw materials are smoothly fermented to promote the reaction and convert the raw materials into ethanol;

In the process, because a large amount of solid particles are still mixed in the fermentation raw materials, the solid particles are easy to aggregate under the adhesion action of saccharide components in the fermentation raw materials and accumulate at the bottom of the fermentation tank 1, so that the fermentation raw materials are in insufficient contact with fermentation strains and are not thoroughly fermented;

therefore, the screening hopper 13 is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the fermentation cavity 11, the screening hopper 13 is of a basin-shaped structure, screening holes 131 are uniformly formed in the horizontal part of the bottom, the stirring plate 122 on the stirring shaft 121 is positioned on the upper side of the opening of the screening hopper 13, and the stirring shaft 121 and the stirring plate 122 are driven to rotate when the power equipment is started, because the stirring plate 122 is of a fan blade structure and promotes the contacted fermentation liquor to have a downward flowing trend;

Therefore, the stirring plate 122 positioned on the upper side of the opening of the screening bucket 13 pushes the fermentation raw material to flow downwards and enter the screening bucket 13, wherein the smaller particle part and the liquid part smoothly pass through the screening hole 131 and pass through the screening bucket 13 to enter the bottom of the fermentation cavity 11, then pass through the gap area between the vertical part of the screening bucket 13 and the side wall of the fermentation cavity 11 upwards, and flow back to the upper side of the screening bucket 13 to realize circulating flow;

In the process, the solid raw material particle parts which are mutually aggregated into clusters are limited to the inside of the screening hopper 13 because the volume is large, after a period of time, when the solid raw material clusters accumulated in the screening hopper 13 are more and hinder the normal flow of the screening holes 131, the telescopic device 14 is started to push the screening hopper 13 to vertically move upwards along the stirring shaft 121, meanwhile, the power device is controlled to drive the stirring shaft 121 to slowly rotate, the upwards-moved screening hopper 13 is close to the stirring plate 122 until the stirring plate 122 passes through the top opening of the screening hopper 13 to enter the inside, at the moment, the slowly-rotated stirring plate 122 directly contacts and agitates the solid particle clusters in the screening hopper 13, so that the solid particle clusters are agitated and broken and dispersed, and fully mixed with the flowing liquid raw material part, and pass through the screening holes 131 at the bottom until the solid particle clusters accumulated in the screening hopper 13 are fully broken and thinned and pass through the screening holes 131, thus, in the fermentation process, the situation that the area expansion caused by the solid particle clusters affects the smooth fermentation process is avoided in the repeated times, the fermentation process is repeated, the fermentation process is improved, the efficiency of the solid particle clusters and the mixed fermentation process is fully improved, and the ethanol efficiency is improved.

Embodiment two:

On the basis of the first embodiment, the inner wall of the vertical part of the screening bucket 13 is uniformly provided with guide plates 15, the guide plates 15 are distributed annularly around the stirring shaft 121, the end parts of the guide plates 15 are obliquely arranged, the oblique rotation direction of the end parts of the guide plates 15 is the same as the rotation direction of the stirring shaft 121, broken pieces 151 are uniformly arranged on the surface of one side, close to the stirring shaft 121, of the end parts of the guide plates 15, and the end parts of the broken pieces 151 are in sharp structures.

On the basis of the concrete working procedure in the first embodiment, as the screening hopper 13 moves upwards and the stirring plates 122 on the stirring shaft 121 are mutually embedded, the stirring plates 122 rotating slowly act on solid particle aggregates which are located inside the screening hopper 13 and surround the solid particle aggregates, and at the same time, the stirring action promotes the solid particle aggregates to mutually impact and crush, as the stirring plates 122 rotate to promote the solid-liquid mixture located inside the screening hopper 13 to rotate along with the stirring plates 122, the rotationally flowing fermentation raw materials mutually impact in the rotating process, and promote the part with the aggregation tendency to be impacted, crushed and thinned;

In the rotation process, solid particles with larger volume because of adhesion and agglomeration are promoted to deflect outwards by the centrifugal action and contact with the inner wall of the vertical part of the screening hopper 13 positioned at the outer side, the guide plates 15 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the vertical part, the flowing fermentation raw material flows towards the stirring shaft 121 along the inclined surface of the guide plates 15 after contacting with the guide plates 15 and is opposite to the raw material flowing outwards from the center of the stirring shaft 121, and the solid particles with larger volume are promoted to be decomposed in the mutual opposite collision process;

The broken pieces 151 are uniformly arranged on the inclined surface of the guide plate 15 near the end, so that the fermentation raw material contacts the guide plate 15 and contacts the end parts of the uniformly distributed broken pieces 151 when flowing along the inclined surface of the guide plate 15, the solid particles and the liquid parts with smaller volumes smoothly pass through gaps between the broken pieces 151, the solid particles with larger volumes are intercepted by the broken pieces 151 and broken and decomposed under the impact of the end parts of the broken pieces 151, the full decomposition and refinement of the solid particles with larger volumes, which are intercepted and limited in the screening hopper 13, are realized, the solid particles are fully contacted with the liquid parts, the anoxic region is further eliminated, and the smooth proceeding of the fermentation process is ensured.

Embodiment III:

On the basis of the second embodiment, the inside of the vertical part of the screening bucket 13 is hollow to form an air charging cavity 132, the air charging cavity 132 is communicated with the ventilation assembly 2 through an air charging pipe 133, the air charging pipe 133 is provided with a one-way valve for preventing the backflow of the fermentation raw material liquid part, the ventilation assembly 2 can directly select equipment for adjusting the internal gas components in the existing fermentation equipment, purified air is fed into the air charging cavity 132 through an air pump equipment, the inner wall of the vertical part of the screening bucket 13 is uniformly provided with air charging holes 134, the outer opening of the air charging holes 134 can be provided with a filter screen for preventing solid particles from entering to cause the blockage of the air charging holes 134, the air charging holes 134 are communicated with the inside of the air charging cavity 132, and the air charging holes 134 are distributed in gaps between the guide plates 15.

On the basis of the specific working procedure in the second embodiment, after the ventilation assembly 2 is started, part of air flow is input into the inflation cavity 132, then the air flows out of the gaps between the adjacent guide plates 15 from the inflation holes 134, so that solid agglomerates accumulated in the gap areas are flushed out, and the flowing air flows along the inclined surfaces of the guide plates 15, so that the adjacent solid agglomerates are driven to move together and contact with broken blocks 151 arranged on the surfaces of the guide plates 15, and the solid agglomerates therein are promoted to be broken in the impact process with the broken blocks 151;

further, air exists in the form of bubbles when mixed into the liquid fermentation raw material, so that when the solid agglomerates are impacted and contact the sharp end of the broken fragments 151, the impact force for decomposing the solid agglomerates is released by the impact force caused by the breaking of the bubbles, and solid particles adhered to the gap parts of the breaking blocks 151 are separated under the impact effect caused by the impact action of the breaking of the bubbles, participate in the circulating flow in the fermentation cavity 11 and fully participate in the fermentation reaction.

Embodiment four:

On the basis of the third embodiment, the bottom of the screening bucket 13 is of a double-layer structure and comprises a fixing layer 135 and a deformation layer 136, wherein the fixing layer 135 is made of a rigid material, and the deformation layer 136 is made of an elastic material, and the fixing layer 135 and the deformation layer 136 are made of food-grade materials;

The deformation layer 136 is located at the upper side of the fixed layer 135, and the dredging gap 137 is communicated with the ventilation assembly 2, specifically, the dredging gap 137 is communicated with the inside of the inflation cavity 132 through a hose, so that the air filled into the dredging gap 137 is led into the inside, the screening holes 131 are of conical hole structures, and the pore diameter of the screening holes 131 located on the deformation layer 136 is larger than that of the screening holes 131 located on the fixed layer 135.

The specific working flow is that on the basis of the specific working flow in the third embodiment, aiming at the position where the screening holes 131 are likely to be blocked, the horizontal part of the bottom of the screening bucket 13 corresponding to the screening holes 131 is of a double-layer structure, a dredging gap 137 is formed in the area between the fixed layer 135 and the deformation layer 136, the screening bucket 13 is driven to vertically reciprocate along with the start of the telescopic equipment 14, the flow rate of fermentation raw materials passing through the dredging gap 137 is increased, and the deformation layer 136 in the dredging gap is impacted, so that the deformation layer 136 is deformed reciprocally, at the moment, the space of the dredging gap 137 changes to promote the material exchange on the inner side and the outer side of the dredging gap 137 to be increased, the material flow from inside to outside or from outside to inside is repeatedly carried out, the reciprocating impact is carried out on the screening holes 131 on the fixed layer 135 and the deformation layer 136, and solid particles blocked in the screening holes 131 are taken away, so that the trafficability of the solid particles is ensured;

When the vent assembly 2 is started and the inside of the dredging gap 137 is inflated, the air pressure is increased to enable the deformation layer 136 to deform and expand outwards, the aperture of the screening hole 131 on the deformation layer 136 is further increased to enable solid particle aggregates accumulated in the screening bucket 13 to enter the dredging gap 137 through the deformation layer 136 and then be intercepted by the fixing layer 135 and limited in the dredging gap 137;

Continuing to ventilate, mixing gas and liquid to form bubbles, stirring the inside of the dredging gap 137, stopping deforming the deformation layer 136 after inflating, and extruding the area of the middle dredging gap 137, wherein the impact action and the pressure extrusion action promote the solid particle aggregates inside the dredging gap 137 to be broken and decomposed while the pressure increase promotes the bubbles to be fully contacted with the solid particles and the liquid part after being broken and released, and then smoothly passing through the fixed layer 135 when the dredging gap 137 is pressed to release the internal materials, and flushing the part with larger volume into the screening hopper 13 or continuing to stay in the dredging gap 137 for subsequent inflating treatment;

In the process, the gas-liquid mixture is sprayed outwards through the screening holes 131 to dredge and clean the screening holes 131, so that the trafficability of the screening holes 131 on the fixed layer 135 and the deformation layer 136 is further ensured; the ventilation assembly 2 is controlled, in the process of inflating the interior of the fermentation cavity 11, the ventilation assembly is stopped after centralized inflation for 3-5s, and the ventilation assembly is inflated again after waiting for 5-8s, and the ventilation assembly is repeatedly performed for a plurality of times, so that the expansion and the contraction of the dredging gap 137 are repeatedly and alternately performed for a plurality of times, and the trafficability of the screening holes 131 at the upper side and the lower side is ensured while the solid particles entering the dredging gap 137 are extruded, impacted and decomposed;

Further, when the deformation layer 136 expands outwards, the deformation layer 136 squeezes the area surrounded by the screening bucket 13, and approaches the corresponding stirring plate 122, the stirring plate 122 is controlled to rotate slowly, and when the deformation layer 136 contacts the outer surface, the deformation layer 136 is squeezed by rotation, so that the gas-liquid mixture in the dredging gap 137 is pressed and stirred in an accelerating manner and overflows outwards, the solid agglomerates in the area surrounded by the screening bucket 13 are impacted, and meanwhile the solid agglomerates mixed in the dredging gap 137 are decomposed and refined in an accelerating manner, so that the fermentation degree of the solid raw material is improved.

Fifth embodiment:

On the basis of the fourth embodiment, the surface of the fixing layer 135 on one side of the inside of the dredging gap 137 is uniformly provided with the separating blocks 16, the end parts of the separating blocks 16 are conical and are in contact with the inner surface of the deformation layer 136, the screening holes 131 are distributed in gap areas among the separating blocks 16, the cross section of each separating block 16 is triangular and is hollow, the hollow area inside each separating block 16 is communicated with the air filling cavity 132, specifically, the hollow area inside each separating block 16 is communicated with the inside of the air filling cavity 132 through a hose, the side wall of each separating block 16 is uniformly provided with air guide holes 161, and the air guide holes 161 are communicated with the inside of the hollow area inside each separating block 16.

The specific workflow is that on the basis of the specific workflow in the fourth embodiment, under normal conditions, the conical end part of the decomposition block 16 on the fixed layer 135 contacts with the inner surface of the deformation layer 136 and props against the deformation layer 136 under the action of external force, so as to ensure the internal clearance 137 dredging area;

In the process of inflating the inside of the dredging gaps 137 by the ventilation assembly 2, air firstly enters into the hollow area inside the decomposition block 16 and flows along the hollow area, air guide holes 161 on two sides of the hollow area are supplemented into the inside of the dredging gaps 137, guiding action of the hollow area inside the decomposition block 16 promotes the supplemented air to be more uniformly dispersed into the inside of the dredging gaps 137 and impact fermentation raw materials in the area between adjacent decomposition blocks 16, pressure increase of the dredging gaps 137 promotes outward deformation expansion of the deformation layer 136, the area of the dredging gaps 137 is increased, gaps between the inner surface of the deformation layer 136 and the end parts of the decomposition block 16 are increased, as inflation is stopped, the deformation layer 136 which is recovered after deformation drives solid particles still remained in the dredging gaps 137 to be contacted with the tapered end parts of the decomposition block 16, impact extrusion of the end parts of the decomposition block 16 promotes decomposition and refinement of the solid particles remained in the dredging gaps 137, and then flows out of the screening holes 131 again, and how the trafficability of the screening holes 131 is repeatedly ensured.

Example six:

On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 of the drawings in the specification, a biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion method, which uses the ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment, comprises the following specific steps:

S1, raw material pretreatment, namely crushing a biomass raw material by using crushing equipment, and then damaging the internal structure of the biomass raw material by a chemical or biological treatment method;

S2, hydrolytic saccharification, namely adding hydrolytic enzyme into the pretreated biomass raw material, controlling the temperature to be 45-55 ℃ and the pH to be 4.5-5.5, and continuing the hydrolysis reaction for 24-48 hours to obtain saccharified liquid;

s3, fermenting in a fermentation tank, namely transferring saccharification liquid into a cleaned and disinfected fermentation tank 1, and mixing fermentation strains, wherein the temperature in a fermentation cavity 11 is controlled to be 4-5 at a value of 28-35℃, pH by adjusting a ventilation assembly 2 and a temperature control assembly, and the fermentation period lasts for 48-72 hours;

S4, distilling and purifying, namely pumping the mixture into a distillation tower through a pipeline for rough distillation after fermentation is finished, increasing the concentration of ethanol to 40-60%, then entering a rectification tower, further separating and purifying, removing impurities of methanol and fusel oil, and finally obtaining the high-purity ethanol with the concentration of more than 95%.

The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (9)

1. The biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment comprises a fermentation tank (1), wherein a stirrer (12) is arranged in a fermentation cavity (11) in the fermentation tank (1), power equipment of the stirrer (12) is positioned at the top of the fermentation tank (1), an air ventilation component (2) is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation tank (1), the air ventilation component (2) is communicated with the interior of the fermentation tank (1), and a temperature control component is arranged on the side wall of the fermentation tank (1);

The fermentation device is characterized in that a stirring shaft (121) of a stirrer (12) is positioned in the middle of a fermentation cavity (11), a stirring plate (122) is positioned on the stirring shaft (121), a screening hopper (13) is arranged at a position, close to the bottom, inside the fermentation cavity (11), the stirring shaft (121) penetrates through the middle of the screening hopper (13) in a sliding mode, screening holes (131) are uniformly formed in the bottom of the screening hopper (13), and the screening hopper (13) is connected with the output end of a telescopic device (14) arranged at the bottom of a fermentation tank (1).

2. The biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment according to claim 1, wherein guide plates (15) are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the vertical part of the screening hopper (13), the guide plates (15) are annularly distributed around the stirring shaft (121), and the end parts of the guide plates (15) are inclined along the same rotation direction.

3. The biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment according to claim 2, wherein broken pieces (151) are uniformly arranged on the surface of one side of the end part of the guide plate (15) close to the stirring shaft (121), and the end part of the broken pieces (151) is in a sharp structure.

4. The biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment according to claim 3, wherein the inside of the vertical part of the screening bucket (13) is hollow to form an air charging cavity (132), the air charging cavity (132) is communicated with the ventilation assembly (2) through an air charging pipe (133), air charging holes (134) are uniformly formed in the inner wall of the vertical part of the screening bucket (13), the air charging holes (134) are communicated with the inside of the air charging cavity (132), and the air charging holes (134) are distributed in gaps among the guide plates (15).

5. The biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the bottom of the screening hopper (13) is of a double-layer structure and comprises a fixing layer (135) and a deformation layer (136), the fixing layer (135) is made of a rigid material, the deformation layer (136) is made of an elastic material, a dredging gap (137) is formed between the fixing layer (135) and the deformation layer (136), and the screening hole (131) penetrates through the fixing layer (135) and the deformation layer (136).

6. The biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment as claimed in claim 5, wherein the deformation layer (136) is positioned at the upper side of the fixed layer (135), and the dredging gap (137) is communicated with the ventilation assembly (2);

The screening holes (131) are of conical hole structures, and the pore diameters of the screening holes (131) located on the deformation layer (136) are larger than those of the screening holes (131) located on the fixed layer (135).

7. The biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment according to claim 6, wherein the fixed layer (135) is uniformly provided with the decomposing blocks (16) on one side surface of the inside of the dredging gap (137), and the ends of the decomposing blocks (16) are conical and are in contact with the inner surface of the deformation layer (136).

8. The biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment according to claim 7, wherein the decomposition block (16) is hollow, the hollow area inside the decomposition block (16) is communicated with the aeration cavity (132), and air holes (161) are uniformly formed in the side wall of the decomposition block (16), and the air holes (161) are communicated with the hollow area inside the decomposition block (16).

9. A biomass-based ethanol fermentation conversion method, which is characterized by using the ethanol fermentation conversion reaction equipment according to any one of the above claims 1-8, and comprises the following specific steps:

S1, raw material pretreatment, namely crushing a biomass raw material by using crushing equipment, and then damaging the internal structure of the biomass raw material by a chemical or biological treatment method;

S2, hydrolytic saccharification, namely adding hydrolytic enzyme into the pretreated biomass raw material, controlling the temperature to be 45-55 ℃ and the pH to be 4.5-5.5, and continuing the hydrolysis reaction for 24-48 hours to obtain saccharified liquid;

s3, fermenting in a fermentation tank, namely transferring saccharification liquid into a cleaned and disinfected fermentation tank (1), and mixing fermentation strains at the same time, wherein the temperature in a fermentation cavity (11) is controlled to be 4-5 at a value of C, pH at 28-35 ℃ by adjusting an aeration component (2) and a temperature control component, and the fermentation period lasts for 48-72 hours;

S4, distilling and purifying, namely pumping the mixture into a distillation tower through a pipeline for rough distillation after fermentation is finished, increasing the concentration of ethanol to 40-60%, then entering a rectification tower, further separating and purifying, removing impurities of methanol and fusel oil, and finally obtaining the high-purity ethanol with the concentration of more than 95%.