CN120116676A - A two-stage suspension vibration reduction system structure for an electric wheel drive vehicle - Google Patents

A two-stage suspension vibration reduction system structure for an electric wheel drive vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN120116676A
CN120116676A CN202510412316.XA CN202510412316A CN120116676A CN 120116676 A CN120116676 A CN 120116676A CN 202510412316 A CN202510412316 A CN 202510412316A CN 120116676 A CN120116676 A CN 120116676A
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China
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suspension
wheel
guide mechanism
wheel hub
cross arm
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CN202510412316.XA
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CN120116676B (en
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程远雄
程洪
徐振宇
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/18—Steering knuckles; King pins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/20—Links, e.g. track rods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/24—Casings; Enclosures; Supports specially adapted for suppression or reduction of noise or vibrations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电动车轮驱动车辆的两级悬架减振系统结构，包括车轮轮毂和设置在车轮轮毂上的轮胎，所述车轮轮毂内设置有二级悬架，所述二级悬架与设置在车轮轮毂外的一级悬架固定连接，所述一级悬架与车架固定连接；本发明通过二级悬架结构，驱动电机通过减振弹簧对路面激励进行了缓冲隔振，削减电机振动，改善电机工作条件，提高电机运行可靠性。

The present invention discloses a two-stage suspension vibration reduction system structure of an electric wheel-driven vehicle, comprising a wheel hub and a tire arranged on the wheel hub, wherein a secondary suspension is arranged inside the wheel hub, the secondary suspension is fixedly connected to a primary suspension arranged outside the wheel hub, and the primary suspension is fixedly connected to a vehicle frame; through the secondary suspension structure, the present invention allows a driving motor to buffer and isolate road excitation through a vibration-damping spring, thereby reducing motor vibration, improving motor working conditions, and improving motor operation reliability.

Description

Two-stage suspension vibration reduction system structure of electric wheel driven vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a two-stage suspension vibration reduction system structure of an electric wheel driven vehicle.
Background
The distributed power electric vehicle comprises a wheel side motor, a wheel hub motor drive and the like. The electric wheel driven by the hub motor is directly driven by the motor or driven by the hub through the fixed shaft of the speed reducer, has high structural integration level, is favorable for improving the driving power and the torque output capacity of the wheel, and is a mainstream electric wheel configuration.
The wheel hub motor greatly increases the mass of the wheel, so that the ratio of the sprung mass to the unsprung mass of the suspension of the vehicle is reduced by times, on one hand, the vertical vibration negative effect is caused, the vertical smoothness of the running of the vehicle is seriously deteriorated, meanwhile, the mass inertia of the wheel is greatly increased, the grounding property of the wheel when bouncing is also influenced, the vehicle operability and the running safety are reduced, in addition, the wheel hub motor jumps along with the wheel, the running environment of the motor is bad, and the use reliability of the motor is reduced.
In the prior art, aiming at the problem of poor vibration damping performance of a vehicle caused by driving a wheel by an in-wheel motor, a solution of an in-wheel suspension structure is available. The frame structure is extended into the wheel, a motor is fixedly arranged on the frame structure, a wheel hub of the wheel is hung, and flexible transmission connection is adopted between the motor and the wheel hub to transmit power. By the technical method, the weight of the motor is transferred to the frame, the running reliability of the motor is high, the unsprung mass of the suspension is further reduced compared with that of a traditional vehicle, and better vibration reduction performance can be obtained compared with that of the traditional vehicle. However, in-wheel suspension methods have the problems that the space in the wheel hub is small, the suspension travel range is limited, the conditions of road conditions are poor, the vehicle speed range is large and the like, and the suspension dynamics parameters of the running vehicle cannot meet the use requirements on smoothness and stability of vertical movement.
In summary, the existing suspension system structural method cannot meet the dynamic vibration reduction performance requirement of the vehicle, limits popularization and application of the electric wheel technology in the electric vehicle, and is an outstanding technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the suspension structure of the existing electric wheel driven vehicle is poor in vertical smoothness and stability, the grounding performance of the wheel is insufficient, the running reliability of a driving motor is influenced along with the vibration of the wheel, and the like, and provides a two-stage suspension vibration reduction system suspended by a vehicle-steering knuckle and a steering knuckle-wheel hub.
The invention provides a two-stage suspension vibration reduction system structure of an electric wheel driven vehicle, which comprises a wheel hub and a tire arranged on the wheel hub, wherein a second-stage suspension is arranged in the wheel hub and fixedly connected with a first-stage suspension arranged outside the wheel hub, and the first-stage suspension is fixedly connected with a frame;
The first-stage suspension consists of a frame, a first guide mechanism, a damping spring and a damper, wherein the first guide mechanism comprises an upper cross arm and a lower cross arm, two ends of the upper cross arm and the lower cross arm are respectively hinged with the frame and a steering knuckle, the damping spring and the damper are further arranged between the lower cross arm and the frame connected with the upper cross arm, the first damping spring and the damper are arranged in parallel, the first guide mechanism is of a plane four-bar structure, and the upper cross arm and the lower cross arm are respectively parallel to the hinging axis of the frame;
the secondary suspension comprises a wheel supporting ring connected with a wheel hub through a hub bearing, a second guiding mechanism is arranged in the wheel supporting ring, a T-shaped sliding block capable of vertically moving up and down on the second guiding mechanism is arranged on the second guiding mechanism, a wing plate of the T-shaped sliding block is fixedly connected with the top end of a second damping spring, and the second damping spring is arranged on two sides of the T-shaped sliding block and fixedly arranged on the wheel supporting ring;
The steering knuckle is fixedly connected with the T-shaped sliding block;
The driving motor is fixedly arranged on the steering knuckle, and the output shaft end of the driving motor is connected with the wheel hub through the flexible transmission mechanism.
Further, the second guide mechanism can be arranged in the middle of the second damping springs, two ends of the second guide mechanism are fixedly connected with the wheel supporting rings, the second guide mechanism is a rolling linear guide rail, and the second guide mechanism and the T-shaped sliding block are mutually matched and installed together.
Further, the second guide mechanism may be a linear bearing disposed in the inner diameters of the two damper springs.
Further, the flexible transmission mechanism can be a rigid coupling mechanism or an elastic coupling mechanism.
Further, the driving motor is a motor reducer assembly or an outer rotor direct-drive motor.
Further, the first guide mechanism is connected with the steering knuckle in a spherical hinge mode.
Further, the first guide mechanism can be a macpherson suspension or a multi-link suspension.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The first-stage suspension has the same motion space as the traditional vehicle suspension, so the first-stage suspension can obtain larger motion travel, and the problems of vertical motion smoothness and stability caused by limited motion travel of the suspension in the wheel are avoided.
2. In the secondary suspension, the driving motor is the sprung mass of the damping spring, the unsprung mass only comprises the mass of the wheel hub, so that the response frequency of the wheel to the ground bounce is greatly improved, the problem of poor grounding performance of the motor driving wheel of the hub motor is solved, meanwhile, the wheel hub serving as the unsprung mass has small mass inertia and small impact force generated under the coupling excitation of the road surface and the speed, and therefore, the impact acceleration transmitted to the frame through the secondary suspension is also correspondingly greatly reduced, and the smoothness of the vehicle can be greatly improved.
3. Through the second-stage suspension structure, the driving motor is used for buffering and vibration isolation of road surface excitation through the vibration reduction spring, motor vibration is reduced, motor working conditions are improved, and motor operation reliability is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic system architecture diagram of a two-stage suspension damping system.
FIG. 2 is a structural general layout of a two-stage suspension damping system
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a first stage suspension
Fig. 4 is a structural view of a second guide mechanism arranged on both sides of a T-shaped slider.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing a second structure of the guide mechanism arranged at the middle position of the T-shaped slide block.
Fig. 6 is a transmission connection diagram of the motor power unit.
In the figure, the bicycle frame is 1, the knuckle is 2, the motor power device is 4, the flexible transmission mechanism is 5, the hub supporting ring is 6, the hub bearing is 7, the wheel hub is 8, the tire is 9, the brake mechanism is 11, the guide mechanism is 12, the vibration reducing spring is 13, the vibration damper is 21, the guide mechanism is 22, the vibration reducing spring is 23, the T-shaped sliding block is 111, the lower vibration reducing cross arm is 112, and the upper vibration reducing cross arm is provided.
Detailed Description
Various embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the following drawings, in which details of the practice are set forth in the following description for the purpose of clarity. However, it should be understood that these practical details are not to be taken as limiting the invention. That is, in some embodiments of the invention, these practical details are unnecessary. Moreover, for the purpose of simplifying the drawings, some conventional structures and components are shown in the drawings in a simplified schematic manner.
In addition, the descriptions of the "first," "second," and the like, herein are for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to be specifically construed as order or sequence, nor are they intended to limit the invention solely for distinguishing between components or operations described in the same technical term, but are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance or order of such features. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-6, a two-stage suspension vibration damping system structure of an electric wheel driven vehicle comprises a wheel hub 7 and a tire 8 arranged on the wheel hub 7, wherein a two-stage suspension is arranged in the wheel hub 7 and fixedly connected with a primary suspension arranged outside the wheel hub 7, and the primary suspension is fixedly connected with a frame 1;
The primary suspension consists of a frame 1, a first guide mechanism 11, a damping spring 12 and a damper 13, wherein the first guide mechanism 11 comprises an upper cross arm 112 and a lower cross arm 111, two ends of the upper cross arm 112 and the lower cross arm 111 are respectively hinged with the frame 1 and a steering knuckle 2, the damping spring 12 and the damper 13 are further arranged between the lower cross arm 111 and the frame 1 connected with the upper cross arm 112, the damping spring 12 and the damper 13 are arranged in parallel, the first guide mechanism 11 is of a plane four-bar structure, and the upper cross arm 112 and the lower cross arm 111 are respectively parallel to the hinging axis of the frame 1;
The secondary suspension comprises a wheel supporting ring 5 connected with a wheel hub 7 through a hub bearing 6, a second guide mechanism 21 is arranged in the wheel supporting ring 5, a T-shaped sliding block 23 capable of vertically moving up and down on the second guide mechanism 21 is arranged on the second guide mechanism 21, a wing plate of the T-shaped sliding block 23 is fixedly connected with the top end of a second damping spring 22, and the second damping spring 22 is arranged on two sides of the T-shaped sliding block 23 and fixedly arranged on the wheel supporting ring 5;
the steering knuckle 2 is fixedly connected with the T-shaped sliding block 23;
The driving motor 3 is fixedly arranged on the steering knuckle 2, and the output shaft end of the driving motor 3 is connected with the wheel hub 7 through the flexible transmission mechanism 4.
Referring to fig. 5, in one embodiment of the present invention, the second guide mechanism 21 may be disposed in the middle of the second damping springs 22, and two ends of the second guide mechanism are fixedly connected with the wheel supporting ring 5, the second guide mechanism 21 is a rolling linear guide rail, and the second guide mechanism 21 and the T-shaped slider 23 are mounted together in a matching manner.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment of the present invention, the second guide mechanism 21 may also be a linear bearing disposed within the inner diameters of the two damper springs 22.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible transmission mechanism 4 may be a rigid coupling mechanism or an elastic coupling mechanism.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the driving motor 3 is a motor reducer assembly or an external rotor direct drive motor.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the connection between the first guiding mechanism 11 and the knuckle 2 is a spherical hinge.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first guide mechanism 11 may be a macpherson suspension or a multi-link suspension.
The first guide mechanism 11 guides the connecting rod component, namely the knuckle 2, to keep a vertical posture when bouncing along with wheels, and simultaneously transmits the swinging stroke of the lower cross arm 112 to two parallel-mounted damping elements, namely the damping spring 12 and the damper 13, so as to realize the damping function of the suspension.
When the wheel hub 7 bounces with the ground, the flexible transmission mechanism 4 realizes the rotation output when the distance between the output shaft of the driving motor 3 and the wheel hub 7 changes. The flexible transmission mechanism 4 can adopt a rigid coupling mechanism of a cross slide block.
The two-stage suspension damping system provides a two-stage suspension damping system structure that is a combination of a vehicle-knuckle suspension and a knuckle-wheel hub suspension. The first-stage suspension and the second-stage suspension are combined in series through the knuckle 2 to form a two-stage suspension vibration reduction system of the vehicle. Impact force generated under the coupling excitation of road surface and speed is small, impact acceleration transferred to the frame through the two-stage suspension is also reduced correspondingly and greatly, and smoothness of the vehicle can be improved greatly.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and all such modifications and equivalents are intended to be encompassed in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种电动车轮驱动车辆的两级悬架减振系统结构，包括车轮轮毂（7）和设置在车轮轮毂（7）上的轮胎（8），其特征在于：所述车轮轮毂（7）内设置有二级悬架，所述二级悬架与设置在车轮轮毂（7）外的一级悬架固定连接，所述一级悬架与车架（1）固定连接；1. A two-stage suspension vibration reduction system structure for an electric wheel-driven vehicle, comprising a wheel hub (7) and a tire (8) arranged on the wheel hub (7), characterized in that: a secondary suspension is arranged inside the wheel hub (7), the secondary suspension is fixedly connected to a primary suspension arranged outside the wheel hub (7), and the primary suspension is fixedly connected to a vehicle frame (1); 所述一级悬架由车架（1）、导向机构一（11）、减震弹簧（12）和减震器（13）组成，所述导向机构一（11）包括上横臂（112）和下横臂（111），所述上横臂（112）和下横臂（111）的两端分别与车架（1）和转向节（2）铰接，所述下横臂（111）和与上横臂（112）连接的车架（1）之间还安装有减震弹簧（12）和减震器（13），所述减震弹簧一（12）和减震器（13）并联安装在一起，所述导向机构一（11）为平面四杆结构，所述上横臂（112）和下横臂（111）分别与车架（1）的铰接轴线平行；The primary suspension is composed of a vehicle frame (1), a guide mechanism (11), a shock absorbing spring (12) and a shock absorber (13); the guide mechanism (11) comprises an upper cross arm (112) and a lower cross arm (111); the two ends of the upper cross arm (112) and the lower cross arm (111) are respectively hinged to the vehicle frame (1) and the steering knuckle (2); a shock absorbing spring (12) and a shock absorber (13) are also installed between the lower cross arm (111) and the vehicle frame (1) connected to the upper cross arm (112); the shock absorbing spring (12) and the shock absorber (13) are installed in parallel; the guide mechanism (11) is a planar four-bar structure; the upper cross arm (112) and the lower cross arm (111) are respectively parallel to the hinge axis of the vehicle frame (1); 所述二级悬架包括通过轮毂轴承（6）与车轮轮毂（7）连接的车轮支撑环（5），所述车轮支撑环（5）内设置有导向机构二（21），所述导向机构二（21）上设置有可在其上垂直上下移动的T型滑块（23），所述T型滑块（23）的翼板与减震弹簧二（22）的顶端固定连接在一起，所述减震弹簧二（22）设置在T型滑块（23）的两侧并固定安装在车轮支撑环（5）上；The secondary suspension comprises a wheel support ring (5) connected to a wheel hub (7) via a wheel hub bearing (6), a second guide mechanism (21) being arranged inside the wheel support ring (5), a T-shaped slider (23) being arranged on the second guide mechanism (21) and being able to move vertically up and down thereon, a wing plate of the T-shaped slider (23) being fixedly connected to a top end of a second shock absorbing spring (22), and the second shock absorbing spring (22) being arranged on both sides of the T-shaped slider (23) and fixedly mounted on the wheel support ring (5); 所述转向节（2）与T型滑块（23）固定连接；The steering knuckle (2) is fixedly connected to the T-shaped slider (23); 所述驱动电机（3）固定安装在转向节（2）上，所述驱动电机（3）的输出轴端通过挠性传动机构（4）与车轮轮毂（7）连接。The drive motor (3) is fixedly mounted on the steering knuckle (2), and the output shaft end of the drive motor (3) is connected to the wheel hub (7) via a flexible transmission mechanism (4). 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种电动车轮驱动车辆的两级悬架减振系统结构，其特征在于：所述导向机构二（21）可设置在两个减震弹簧二（22）的中间，其两端与车轮支撑环（5）固定连接，所述导向机构二（21）为滚动直线导轨，所述导向机构二（21）与T型滑块（23）相互配合安装在一起。2. A two-stage suspension damping system structure for an electric wheel-driven vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second guide mechanism (21) can be arranged in the middle of the two second damping springs (22), and its two ends are fixedly connected to the wheel support ring (5), the second guide mechanism (21) is a rolling linear guide rail, and the second guide mechanism (21) and the T-shaped slider (23) are installed together in cooperation with each other. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种电动车轮驱动车辆的两级悬架减振系统结构，其特征在于：所述导向机构二（21）也可为设置在两个减震弹簧二（22）内径内的直线轴承。3. The two-stage suspension vibration reduction system structure of an electric wheel-driven vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the second guide mechanism (21) can also be a linear bearing arranged in the inner diameter of the two second shock-absorbing springs (22). 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种电动车轮驱动车辆的两级悬架减振系统结构，其特征在于：所述挠性传动机构（4）可为刚性联轴机构，也可为弹性联轴机构。4. The two-stage suspension vibration reduction system structure of an electric wheel-driven vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the flexible transmission mechanism (4) can be a rigid coupling mechanism or an elastic coupling mechanism. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种电动车轮驱动车辆的两级悬架减振系统结构，其特征在于：所述驱动电机（3）为电机减速器总成或外转子直驱电机。5. The two-stage suspension vibration reduction system structure of an electric wheel-driven vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drive motor (3) is a motor reducer assembly or an outer rotor direct drive motor. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种电动车轮驱动车辆的两级悬架减振系统结构，其特征在于：所述导向机构一（11）与转向节（2）之间的连接方式为球铰。6. A two-stage suspension vibration reduction system structure for an electric wheel-driven vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection between the guide mechanism 1 (11) and the steering knuckle (2) is a ball joint. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种电动车轮驱动车辆的两级悬架减振系统结构，其特征在于：所述导向机构一（11）可为麦弗逊悬架或多连杆悬架。7. A two-stage suspension vibration reduction system structure for an electric wheel-driven vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first guide mechanism (11) can be a McPherson suspension or a multi-link suspension.
CN202510412316.XA 2025-04-03 2025-04-03 A two-stage suspension damping system structure for an electric wheel-drive vehicle Active CN120116676B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007047673A1 (en) * 2007-10-05 2008-03-20 Daimler Ag Wheel suspension for automobile, in particular passenger car, has converter device which converts rotation energy of rotor forming wheel hub drive motor for propelling wheel
CN201415596Y (en) * 2009-06-07 2010-03-03 陈建生 Vehicle front wheel independent suspension device
CN201914074U (en) * 2011-01-05 2011-08-03 吉林大学 Wheel movement assembly of urban electric vehicle
CN107444007A (en) * 2017-08-18 2017-12-08 华中科技大学 A kind of electric wheel and vehicle with built-in suspension
CN214420157U (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-10-19 浙江亚太智能网联汽车创新中心有限公司 Electric vehicle spring damping system driven by hub motor and electric vehicle
CN216545592U (en) * 2021-12-21 2022-05-17 湖北美标康擎重工科技有限公司 An electric truck chassis with front independent suspension and rear leaf spring suspension structure
CN117719324A (en) * 2024-01-19 2024-03-19 杭州腾励传动科技股份有限公司 A two-stage suspension active cooling hub motor drive assembly

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