Fluidized bed spray granulator
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fluidized beds, in particular to a fluidized bed spray granulator.
Background
Along with the continuous improvement of the requirements of industries such as fine chemical industry, medicine, biological materials and the like on the quality of particles, the fluidized bed spray granulation technology is widely adopted because the fluidized bed spray granulation technology can realize uniform mixing, balling and drying of powder. In the traditional spray granulation equipment, a structural form that single central air flow lifts powder from bottom to top and cooperates with a fixed-point nozzle to perform liquid atomization spraying is generally adopted. Powder materials in the equipment are piled up at the bottom of the tower body, vertical air flow is provided by a lower air distribution chamber to lift the powder body, a nozzle is arranged at the central position of the upper part of the tower body, and atomized liquid is sprayed in a central area. In some modifications, it is also attempted to achieve a deflected spray of the nozzle by means of a simple mechanical oscillation.
However, the existing technical solutions have the following obvious drawbacks:
Because the prior art relies on the central vertical air flow to lift the materials, the air flow coverage is small, the disturbance is weak, the phenomenon of powder agglomeration is difficult to fully break up, the combination of atomized liquid drops and powder is insufficient, and the uniformity and the forming efficiency of particles are affected. Secondly, the spray angle of the fixed or single-axis swinging nozzle is limited, the spray area is concentrated, and the liquid drops are easy to accumulate into clusters. Most of the existing nozzles are in a fixed installation or simple mechanical swing mode, the spraying track of the existing nozzles is limited, the whole powder fluidization area cannot be dynamically covered, liquid is caused to be intensively sprayed in a local area, and agglomeration or uneven particle structure is caused.
The traditional exhaust mode is mostly through or individual layer filtration, can't effectively slow down and direct high-speed whirl gas, and tiny granule overflows along with gas, not only causes the raw materials loss, still probably produces dust pollution, can't satisfy high clean operating mode requirement. .
In view of the above, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid bed spray granulator that solves the problems and improves the practical value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fluidized bed spray granulator with novel structure and high efficiency, which is suitable for a spray granulation process of powder materials and aims to solve the problems of uneven spraying, agglomeration of materials, low recovery rate and the like in the existing granulation equipment.
The fluidized bed spray granulator comprises a tower body, a rotational flow aeration assembly, a multi-shaft spray assembly and an exhaust filter box fixed on the inner side of the tower body, wherein the top surface of the tower body is provided with a top cover, the rotational flow aeration assembly is fixed at the bottom end of the tower body, and the exhaust filter box is used for filtering and discharging gas in the tower body;
The cyclone aeration assembly comprises an air distribution box, an air distribution seat and an air guide seat fixed on the inner side of the air distribution box, wherein the surface of the air distribution box is provided with an air inlet which is arranged in a tangential mode, the air guide seat comprises a fixed seat, a cyclone disc and an air exhaust hole fixed on the top end of the cyclone disc, the top end of the air exhaust hole penetrates through the top surface of the air distribution box and is positioned on the inner side of the air distribution seat, the surface of the air distribution seat is provided with an air-permeable grating disc, the air distribution seat is detachably arranged on the top surface of the air distribution box, the surface of the cyclone disc is provided with a plurality of cyclone holes which are connected with the air exhaust holes in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the surface of the air exhaust hole is provided with a plurality of air passages which are communicated with the cyclone holes in a tangential mode;
The multi-shaft spray assembly comprises a support pipe, a driving seat, a shaft seat, a sliding sleeve piece and a spray head, wherein an overhaul plate used for being connected with the surface of a tower body is arranged on the surface of the support pipe, a first driving motor and a second driving motor are arranged on the surface of the driving seat, the output end of the second driving motor is fixedly connected with one end of the shaft seat, the spray head is rotatably arranged at one end of the shaft seat, a linkage lug movably connected with one side of the spray head is movably connected with the surface of the sliding sleeve piece, a crank wheel is arranged at the output end of the first driving motor, a sliding groove is formed in the surface of the sliding sleeve piece, and a sliding pin sleeved on the inner side of the sliding groove is arranged on the surface of the crank wheel. According to the scheme, through the cyclone structure with the spiral air passage, the airflow forms a plurality of ascending cyclone flows in the tower body, powder is enabled to be dispersed and floated, and meanwhile, the spray heads controlled by multiple shafts can deflect and slide in different directions, so that dynamic and uniform liquid drop spraying is realized, the uniformity of particle forming is improved, and material agglomeration is prevented.
In a preferred embodiment, the exhaust filter box comprises a filter cylinder and a filter disc fixed on the inner side of the top cover, the top surface of the filter cylinder is connected with the bottom surface of the filter disc, the surface of the filter cylinder is provided with a swirl plate, and the surface of the support is provided with a filter screen.
The filter box design in this structure can effectively filter the residual powder in the exhaust gas, and the whirl piece is through forming the anti-whirl to the air current speed reduction region, helps the granule to subside and return the tower body and participate in the granulation again, improves granulation efficiency and rate of recovery.
In a preferred embodiment, the air passages on the surface of the cyclone disc are communicated with the inner cavity of the air distribution box, the air passages are tangentially communicated with the cyclone holes, and the air exhaust holes are conical and used for guiding out air flow in the column direction. Through the air flue and the conical exhaust hole structure which are communicated tangentially, the rotational kinetic energy of the air flow is enhanced, so that the air flow forms a columnar strong rotational flow to convey powder upwards, and the powder is facilitated to be stably suspended and dispersed and fluidized.
In a preferred embodiment, the air-permeable grating disk is used for enabling the top end of the air guide seat to pass through to air flow, and the mesh diameter of the air-permeable grating disk is 0.5mm-1.0mm, so that materials are prevented from passing through the air-permeable grating disk in a descending mode.
The mesh of the grid plate is used for accurately controlling air flow permeability, so that the cyclone gas is ensured to rise smoothly, powder is prevented from sinking, and the uniformity of the distribution height of the powder is improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the tower body is in a conical cylinder shape, and the first driving motor and the second driving motor on the surface of the driving seat are used for driving the spray head to do double-shaft movement to spray deflection movement to the surface of the air distribution seat. The double-motor control lower spray head can realize compound motion, accurately control the range of a spray area, effectively cover the air distribution seat area and reduce the problem of local agglomeration caused by concentrated spraying of liquid drops.
In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the support is provided with a flexible liquid pipe for connection with the spray head, and the driving seat is fixed at one end of the support.
Through flexible liquid pipe connection design, guarantee that spraying process still can maintain the liquid supply stable when deflecting by a wide margin, avoid cutout and liquid drop skew problem.
In a preferred embodiment, the crank wheel and the sliding pin at the output end of the first driving motor are used for driving the sliding sleeve member to slide reciprocally on the surface of the shaft seat, and the two ends of the linkage lug are respectively connected with the sliding sleeve member and the surface of the spray head in a rotating way. The crank wheel is matched with the sliding pin mechanism, so that the spray head generates axial reciprocating motion during deflection motion, the spray coverage is obviously improved, and the uniform and consistent granulating process is ensured.
In a preferred embodiment, the swirl plates are in a spiral strip shape, the swirl plates are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the filter cylinder in the circumferential direction, and the periphery of the swirl plates is abutted with the inner side of the tower body. The spiral swirl plate is designed to form a reverse-rotation air field, so that the air flow speed can be reduced, fine particles are promoted to be settled, the recovery rate of powder is improved, and the emission pollution is reduced.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
1. According to the invention, through the structural design of the air guide seat and the air exhaust hole in the cyclone aeration assembly, a plurality of tangential ascending rotary air flows are formed, and the dispersion efficiency of powder materials in the tower body is remarkably improved. The multi-cyclone gas distribution mode can effectively break up accumulated powder to form a uniform and controllable suspension state, so that the contact probability of materials and liquid drops is improved, an ideal particle distribution environment is created for subsequent atomization spraying, and the problem of poor particle formation caused by uneven materials is avoided.
2. In the invention, the double-driving motor is matched with the sliding sleeve and the linkage structure to realize multi-axis deflection and reciprocating motion of the spray head, thus completing a large-scale and dynamic uniform liquid spraying process. The spray angle and the spray rhythm can be flexibly adjusted according to the needs, the atomization uniformity is improved, the local agglomeration or wet adhesion phenomenon caused by concentrated spray of the spray head in a fixed area is effectively prevented, and therefore particles with uniform particle size and full molding are obtained, and the granulating quality and efficiency are improved.
3. In the invention, the top of the tower body is provided with the exhaust filter box, and the cyclone sheets and the multi-stage filter device are arranged in the tower body, so that the kinetic energy of air flow can be effectively reduced, the powder overflow can be controlled, and the gas purification and the dust recovery can be realized. The cyclone sheet generates a reverse vortex flow area, so that the velocity of the ascending air flow is slowed down and the ascending air flow deflects in direction, which is beneficial to the sedimentation and reflux of the unshaped particles and reduces the loss of raw materials. The filter screen and the filter disc further filter fine particles, so that the environment-friendly performance is improved, and the requirement of the high-cleanliness industry on emission control is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a tower according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an exhaust filter cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded view of a cyclonic aeration assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an air guide seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a bottom surface of an air guide seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a multi-axis spray assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a surface structure of a driving seat according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
100. the tower body, 110, top cover, 111, exhaust port;
200. The cyclone aeration device comprises a cyclone aeration component, a 210 gas distribution box, a 220 gas distribution seat, a 230 gas guide seat, a 211 gas inlet, a 221 gas-permeable grating disk, a 231, a fixed seat, a 232 gas-permeable grating disk, a 233 gas discharge hole;
300. The multi-shaft spray assembly comprises 310 parts of a support pipe, 320 parts of a driving seat, 330 parts of a shaft seat, 340 parts of a sliding sleeve piece, 350 parts of a spray head, 311 parts of an access panel, 321 parts of a first driving motor, 322 parts of a second driving motor, 341 parts of a sliding chute, 342 parts of a linkage lug;
400. exhaust filter box, 410, filter cartridge, 420, filter disk, 411, filter screen, 412 and swirl plate.
Detailed Description
The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It is to be understood that this description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
A fluid bed spray granulator provided in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-8.
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1 to 8, the fluidized bed spray granulator comprises a tower body 100, a cyclone aeration assembly 200, a multi-shaft spray assembly 300 and an exhaust filter box 400, and is structurally coordinated and efficient in operation.
The tower body 100 is in a cone shape, a top cover 110 is arranged at the top, and an exhaust port 111 is arranged on the top cover. The internal space of the tower body is used for powder fluidization and spray granulation.
The cyclone aeration assembly 200 is fixed at the bottom of the tower body and comprises a gas distribution box 210, a gas distribution seat 220 and a gas guide seat 230. The outer surface of the air distribution box 210 is provided with a plurality of tangentially arranged air inlets 211, and an air guide seat 230 is fixed in the air distribution box and is provided with a fixed seat 231, a cyclone disc 232 and an air exhaust hole 233. The cyclone tray 232 has cyclone holes corresponding to the air exhaust holes 233 one by one, and the cyclone holes are communicated with the tangential air passage to form stable cyclone flow, the top of the air exhaust hole 233 penetrates through the air distribution box and is located inside the air distribution seat 220 to guide out the rotating air flow, the air distribution seat 220 has air permeable grating tray 221, and the air permeable grating tray is detachably arranged on the top of the air distribution box, has a mesh diameter of a specific size (such as 0.8 mm), and is used for supporting powder materials, preventing the powder materials from penetrating downwards and allowing the air flow to rise.
The multi-shaft spray assembly 300 is arranged at the upper part of a tower body and comprises a support pipe 310, a driving seat 320, a shaft seat 330, a sliding sleeve piece 340 and a spray head 350, wherein an overhaul plate 311 is arranged on the surface of the support pipe 310, the maintenance is convenient, the driving seat 320 is provided with a first driving motor 321 and a second driving motor 322, the deflection movement of the shaft seat 330 and the reciprocating sliding of the sliding sleeve piece 340 are respectively controlled, the spray head 350 is arranged at the front end of the shaft seat 330, the sliding sleeve piece 340 is connected with a crank wheel through a sliding groove 341 and a sliding pin to realize the reciprocating movement, and a linkage lug 342 is connected with the sliding sleeve piece and the spray head to realize synchronous deflection and sliding, and the spray angle is dynamically adjustable.
The exhaust filter box 400 is fixed at the inner top end of the tower body and comprises a filter disc 420 with a filter cartridge 410 connected with the upper end of the filter disc. The filter cartridge 410 is provided with swirl plates 412 which are spirally arranged, the periphery of the swirl plates is abutted against the inner wall of the tower body to guide the ascending airflow to spirally reduce speed so as to promote the powder-carrying gas to settle and participate in re-granulation, the surface of the filter cartridge is provided with a filter screen 411 for preventing fine powder from escaping, and the gas filtered by the filter cartridge and the filter disc is discharged through the exhaust port 111.
The working flow is briefly described, gas enters the gas distribution box 210 through the gas inlet 211, forms a plurality of rotational flows through a tangential gas passage in the gas guide seat, upwards passes through the gas distribution seat and blows powder, meanwhile, liquid is sprayed on the surface of the powder through a driven spray nozzle, the powder is mixed with liquid drops for granulation, and the non-formed particles fall back due to the blocking of a rotational flow sheet in the rising process, so that the particle size screening and cyclic granulation are realized.
Embodiment two:
In order to meet the granulation requirements of higher precision or multiple powder characteristics, the embodiment optimizes the rotary aeration structure and the spraying control mode.
The air guide seat structure is optimized, the tapered design of the end part of the air outlet 233 enhances the guiding effect of the column, the number and arrangement of the cyclone holes are adjustable, the programmable control of the air flow and the angle of the cyclone holes are combined with a PLC, the dynamic controllability of the cyclone speed is realized, the air guide seat 230 is made of an anti-corrosion high-temperature alloy material, and the air guide seat is suitable for a corrosive or high-temperature powder granulating scene.
The multi-axis spray assembly is enhanced in that a flexible connecting pipe is arranged at the joint of the spray head 350 and the liquid pipe and is adapted to various viscosity liquids, a liquid pipeline channel is arranged on the driving seat 320, so that closed liquid supply is facilitated, different working beats can be set through a control program, intermittent spraying and variable frequency movement can be realized, and the consistency of particle sizes of granules is improved.
The exhaust system has a variable structure that a filter screen 411 is of a replaceable module structure, different filtering precision is selected according to the particle size recovery requirement after granulation, and the angle of a rotating sheet 412 in a filter cylinder 410 can be finely adjusted for finely adjusting and controlling the reflux rotation direction strength so as to adapt to different powder densities and particle sizes.
The working principle and the using flow of the invention are as follows:
The fluidized bed spray granulator provided by the invention is designed based on the synergistic principle of 'rotational flow granulation and multi-shaft spraying', and fully utilizes the dispersion and agitation action of rotational flow air flow on powder materials and the dynamic spraying action of a multi-shaft spray head to realize the uniformity and controllability of particle forming.
The cyclone granulation principle comprises that an air pump or an external air source is connected into an air inlet 211 of an air distribution box 210, air flows enter cyclone holes along an air channel tangentially arranged on the inner surface of an air guide seat 230 to form cyclone air flows, the cyclone air is further converged in a conical exhaust hole 233 to form ascending rotary air flows, the ascending air flows penetrate out from an air permeable grating disc 221 and enter the middle part of a tower body to contact with powder materials and promote the powder materials to suspend, jump and disperse, and a plurality of cyclone flows form mutually non-interfering ascending paths from a plurality of exhaust holes to improve the flowability and the distribution uniformity of the powder materials.
The spray granulation principle is that spray liquid is sent into a spray assembly through a pipeline, the spray liquid is driven by a first driving motor 321 and a second driving motor 322 controlled by a driving seat 320, one shaft controls the swinging angle of a shaft seat 330, the other shaft controls a sliding sleeve 340 to slide back and forth in a sliding groove 341, a spray head 350 is driven to rotate and spray in alignment with a material distribution area in the middle of a tower body, fine mist coverage in different directions and at multiple angles is realized, a linkage lug 342 is arranged at the front end of the spray head, smooth synchronous movement in the spraying process is ensured, sprayed mist drops and jumping powder are fully mixed and bonded in a space, and granulation is gradually carried out.
The airflow control and powder sedimentation mechanism comprises that upward rotational flow gas contacts the exhaust filter box 400 at the top of the tower body, tiny dust is separated through the filtering action of the filter cylinder 410 and the filter disc 420 and is discharged from the exhaust port 111, the rotational flow sheet 412 arranged outside the filter cylinder has a reverse rotation direction, and guides main airflow to rotate in a decelerating way, so that the airflow carrying unshaped particles is promoted to flow back, the granulating efficiency is enhanced, and the powder loss is reduced.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "particular embodiments," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.