CN120023703B - A precision machining grinding and polishing equipment - Google Patents

A precision machining grinding and polishing equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN120023703B
CN120023703B CN202510512288.9A CN202510512288A CN120023703B CN 120023703 B CN120023703 B CN 120023703B CN 202510512288 A CN202510512288 A CN 202510512288A CN 120023703 B CN120023703 B CN 120023703B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
support
grinding
spline shaft
shaft
fixedly connected
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
CN202510512288.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN120023703A (en
Inventor
张保华
张凯华
孙慢慢
张颖
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Nantong Chenle Industrial Technology Co ltd
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Nantong Chenle Industrial Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202510512288.9A priority Critical patent/CN120023703B/en
Publication of CN120023703A publication Critical patent/CN120023703A/en
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Publication of CN120023703B publication Critical patent/CN120023703B/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work
    • B24B5/16—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centres or chucks for holding work for grinding peculiarly surfaces, e.g. bulged
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
    • B24B27/02—Bench grinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
    • B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
    • B24B29/04—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces for rotationally symmetrical workpieces, e.g. ball-, cylinder- or cone-shaped workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
    • B24B41/067—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies radially supporting workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
    • B24B55/02—Equipment for cooling the grinding surfaces, e.g. devices for feeding coolant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
    • B24B55/06—Dust extraction equipment on grinding or polishing machines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及机械加工技术领域，具体为一种精密机械加工打磨抛光设备，包括用于对花键轴进行打磨抛光的磨床本体，所述磨床本体包括工作台、安装在工作台上的支撑座、安装在支撑座上且用于对花键轴进行打磨的打磨轮和安装在打磨轮外侧的两个喷头，所述喷头用于喷涂冷却液，所述工作台上安装有支撑移动座，所述支撑移动座用于对花键轴在打磨抛光时进行夹持固定，且使花键轴相对于打磨轮处进行移动，还包括有：支撑圈，所述支撑圈设有两个；此精密机械加工打磨抛光设备，对花键轴处残留的碎屑以及冷却废液进行刮除的作用，从而保证后续打磨轮对花键轴的键槽以及轴肩处进行精准打磨抛光的作用，同时保证了打磨轮的使用寿命。

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, specifically to a precision mechanical processing grinding and polishing equipment, comprising a grinder body for grinding and polishing a spline shaft, the grinder body comprising a workbench, a support seat installed on the workbench, a grinding wheel installed on the support seat and used for grinding the spline shaft, and two nozzles installed on the outer side of the grinding wheel, the nozzles are used to spray coolant, a support movable seat is installed on the workbench, the support movable seat is used to clamp and fix the spline shaft during grinding and polishing, and to move the spline shaft relative to the grinding wheel, and also includes: a support ring, two of which are provided; this precision mechanical processing grinding and polishing equipment has the function of scraping off the debris and cooling waste liquid remaining on the spline shaft, thereby ensuring the subsequent grinding wheel to accurately grind and polish the keyway and shoulder of the spline shaft, while ensuring the service life of the grinding wheel.

Description

Precise machining polishing equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to precision machining polishing equipment.
Background
The precision machining part is a part processed by a high-precision and high-quality mechanical manufacturing technology. The machining precision can reach or even exceed 1 micron, and is one of key technologies in a modern mechanical manufacturing process system.
As a key component of mechanical transmission, the processing quality of the spline shaft directly affects the performance and service life of mechanical equipment. In order to ensure smooth mechanical operation and to extend service life, the machining of the spline shaft requires extremely high precision and finish.
At present, the spline shaft in the process of polishing is carried out, because the spline shaft generally has complicated shapes, such as keyway, shaft shoulder and the like, these positions are difficult to reach even treatment effect when polishing, though the grinding wheel rotates at the in-process of polishing to the spline shaft of current grinding machine, the spline shaft on the clamp drives simultaneously and carries out reciprocating motion for the grinding wheel, realize carrying out the effect of polishing to keyway and the shaft shoulder of spline shaft, but in the process of polishing, although the grinding wheel outside is equipped with the coolant liquid, cool down the position of polishing, get rid of the piece simultaneously, but because the baffle of a plurality of keyways on the spline shaft then leads to piece and cooling waste liquid to remain in keyway department easily, thereby lead to the grinding wheel when polishing, the piece remains on the one hand can increase the frictional force of grinding wheel and spline shaft surface, the piece then imbeds the grinding wheel surface easily simultaneously, lead to the wearing and tearing of grinding wheel aggravate, on the other hand piece remain also can lead to the defect such as scratch, pit and the like appear on spline shaft surface, reduce its surface finish and precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide precision machining polishing equipment for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the technical scheme that the precision machining polishing equipment comprises a grinding machine body for polishing a spline shaft, wherein the grinding machine body comprises a workbench, a supporting seat arranged on the workbench, a polishing wheel arranged on the supporting seat and used for polishing the spline shaft, and two spray heads arranged on the outer side of the polishing wheel, the spray heads are used for spraying cooling liquid, the workbench is provided with a supporting moving seat which is used for clamping and fixing the spline shaft during polishing, and the spline shaft moves relative to the polishing wheel, and the precision machining polishing equipment further comprises:
The two support rings are sleeved on the outer sides of the spline shaft to be polished, and the two support rings are positioned on the outer sides of the polishing wheels;
The fixing frame is arranged on the supporting ring, and the other end of the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the supporting seat;
The chip removing mechanisms are arranged at the supporting rings and are matched with the grinding wheels to remove chips generated by grinding and polishing of the spline shaft key grooves and the shaft shoulders;
And the alternate driving mechanism is arranged on the supporting seat, and the alternate removing mechanism is used for alternately driving the two debris removing mechanisms.
The debris removing mechanism comprises a positioning ring, one end of which is fixedly connected with the supporting ring, and the positioning ring is sleeved on the outer side of the spline shaft to be polished;
The positioning ring is provided with a plurality of moving grooves in a surrounding manner, a moving frame penetrates through the moving grooves in a sliding manner, a scraping block is fixedly arranged at one end, close to the spline shaft, of the moving frame, and after the plurality of scraping blocks move along the spline shaft, scraps and cooling waste liquid at the spline shaft key grooves and shaft shoulders are scraped;
the positioning ring is provided with a moving mechanism for synchronously driving the plurality of moving frames, and the alternate driving mechanism is connected with the moving mechanism.
The moving mechanism comprises a plurality of positioning plates arranged on a positioning ring, a positioning shaft is fixedly connected to the positioning plates, positioning gears are rotatably sleeved on the outer sides of the positioning shafts, a plurality of tooth blocks are equidistantly arranged on one side of the inner part of the moving frame, and the positioning gears are in meshed connection with the tooth blocks;
the one end fixedly connected with rotary gear that the locating shaft kept away from the locating plate, the holding ring outside rotates and is connected with the external gear ring, and the external gear is connected with a plurality of rotary gear meshing, is close to rotary gear and the alternate drive mechanism of supporting seat department are connected to through the moving mechanism that is equipped with to realize carrying out synchronous drive's effect to a plurality of removal frames.
The alternating driving mechanism comprises a driving motor arranged on a supporting seat, the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected with a rotating disc, the outer side of the rotating disc is fixedly connected with two poking rods, the two poking rods are respectively connected with a connecting piece, the position of the poking rods corresponding to the connecting piece is provided with a sliding groove, and the connecting piece is connected with a rotating gear close to the supporting seat.
The connecting piece comprises a connecting rod which is in sliding connection with the sliding groove, a limiting frame is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting rod, one end of the toggle rod penetrates through the limiting frame in a sliding mode, a limiting groove is formed in the limiting frame, a limiting plate is fixedly installed on the supporting seat, and the limiting plate is in sliding connection with the limiting groove;
one side fixedly connected with of spacing frame promotes the rack, and promotes the rack and be close to the rotatory gear engagement of supporting seat department and be connected, through the connecting piece that is equipped with to realize the effect of connecting two poking rods.
The movable frame is internally provided with a hollow cavity, the support ring is internally provided with an annular groove, the support ring is connected with a liquid supply mechanism, and the liquid supply mechanism is used for conveying cooling liquid to the annular groove of the support ring;
a plurality of connecting hoses are connected to the supporting ring, and one end of each connecting hose is communicated with the cavity of the movable frame;
the movable frame is provided with a first through hole at one end close to the scraping block, the scraping block is provided with a liquid through groove, and the scraping block is provided with a second through hole which enables the liquid through groove to be communicated with the first through hole;
one side of the scraping block away from the grinding wheel is provided with a plurality of spraying holes communicated with the movable groove.
The liquid supply mechanism comprises a liquid supply box arranged at the workbench, a water pump is arranged on the liquid supply box, the output end of the water pump is connected with a liquid delivery pipe, the other end of the liquid delivery pipe is communicated with the annular groove, and the liquid supply mechanism can supply liquid to the annular groove.
Wherein, strike off one side that the piece kept away from the grinding wheel and be the cambered surface guide end, strike off the piece and be close to the one end of keyway and be equipped with the arch, and protruding and keyway department mutually support to when making strike off the piece and can strike off the piece of keyway department, can also play the effect of carrying out the water conservancy diversion to the piece of striking off.
Wherein, the cambered surface guiding end of the scraping block is connected with a swinging rod in a sliding way, the swing rod is fixedly connected with a swing shaft, and one end of the swing shaft, which is positioned in the liquid through groove, is connected with a swing piece.
The swinging piece comprises a bracket arranged at the second through hole, a supporting shaft is connected to the bracket in a rotating mode, a supporting block is fixedly connected to one end, close to the cavity, of the supporting shaft, and a plurality of rotating blades are fixedly connected to the outer side of the supporting block;
The supporting shaft is located the rotatory piece of irregular shape that is connected with of the one end of lead to the cistern, and the rotatory piece outside is equipped with the contact axle, the one end fixedly connected with contact plate of contact axle, and the one end fixed connection of contact plate and oscillating axle, torsion spring is installed to one side of contact plate, torsion spring cover is established in the oscillating axle outside, and torsion spring's one end and lead to cistern inner wall fixed connection are through the swinging member that is equipped with to realize carrying out driven effect to the swinging arms.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. When the polishing wheel is used, the two support rings are arranged, and the fixing frame and the scrap removing mechanism are arranged on the support rings, so that when the polishing wheel polishes and polishes the spline shaft which belongs to one of the precision mechanical workpieces, the two support rings are correspondingly sleeved outside the spline shaft, and meanwhile, the alternate driving mechanism can be matched with the movable support moving seat, so that the state of the scrap removing mechanism at the two support rings can be adjusted, the scrap removing mechanism can move relative to the polishing wheel, and meanwhile, the scrap removing mechanism can move towards the moving direction of the spline shaft, and the scrap and cooling waste liquid remained at the spline shaft are scraped, so that the accurate polishing effect of the follow-up polishing wheel on the key groove and the shaft shoulder of the spline shaft is ensured, and the service life of the polishing wheel is ensured.
2. When the scraping block is used, the swaying rod is arranged on the outer side of the scraping block, so that the scraping block can scrape scraps at the key groove and the shaft shoulder, and the scraps are prevented from remaining on the scraping block.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a supporting and moving seat structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a support base according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a support ring according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the state of the invention for supporting different scraping blocks at two supporting rings;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a retaining ring according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a scraper block according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the annular groove structure of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a moving frame structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the moving frame of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of area A of FIG. 10 according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a swing arm structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a rotary block according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a liquid supply mechanism according to the present invention;
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of an alternate driving mechanism according to the present invention.
In the drawing, the grinding machine comprises a 1-grinding machine body, a 11-workbench, a 12-supporting seat, a 13-grinding wheel, a 14-spray head, a 15-supporting moving seat, a 2-supporting ring, a 21-annular groove, a 22-connecting hose, a 3-fixing frame, a 4-chip removing mechanism, a 41-locating ring, a 411-moving groove, a 42-moving frame, a 421-cavity, a 422-first through hole, a 43-scraping block, a 431-liquid passing groove, a 432-second through hole, a 433-spraying hole, a 434-cambered surface guide end, 435-bulge, a 44-moving mechanism, a 441-locating plate, a 442-locating shaft, a 443-locating gear, a 444-tooth block, a 445-rotating gear, a 446-outer tooth wheel ring, a 5-alternating driving mechanism, a 51-driving motor, a 52-rotating disc, a 53-stirring rod, a 531-sliding groove, a 54-connecting piece, a 541-connecting rod, a 542-limiting frame, a 5421-limiting groove, a 543-limiting plate, a 6-liquid feeding mechanism, a 61-liquid feeding box, a 62-water pump, a pumping pipe, a 7-swinging rod, a 433-swinging rod, a supporting bracket, a 72723-rotating shaft, a rotating spring, a 7272-7272, a rotating support frame, a rotating blade, a supporting frame, and a rotating plate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 8 and 14 to 15, a precision machining polishing apparatus includes a grinding machine body 1 for polishing a spline shaft, the grinding machine body 1 includes a work table 11, a support base 12 mounted on the work table 11, a polishing wheel 13 mounted on the support base 12 for polishing the spline shaft, and two spray heads 14 mounted on the outer side of the polishing wheel 13, the spray heads 14 are used for spraying a cooling liquid, a support moving base 15 is mounted on the work table 11, the support moving base 15 is used for clamping and fixing the spline shaft during polishing, and in the prior art, a moving rail is mounted on the work table 11, the support moving base 15 can reciprocate along the moving rail, so that the spline shaft on the support moving base 15 is driven to reciprocate relative to the polishing wheel 13, and the spline shaft moves relative to the polishing wheel 13, the precision machining polishing apparatus is characterized by further comprising:
The two support rings 2 are arranged, the two support rings 2 are sleeved on the outer sides of the spline shaft to be polished, and the two support rings 2 are positioned on the outer sides of the polishing wheels 13;
the fixing frame 3 is arranged on the supporting ring 2, and the other end of the fixing frame 3 is fixedly connected with the supporting seat 12;
The chip removing mechanisms 4 are arranged at the supporting rings 2, and the chip removing mechanisms 4 at the two supporting rings 2 are matched with grinding wheels 13 to remove chips generated by grinding and polishing of spline shaft keyways and shaft shoulders;
And an alternate driving mechanism 5, wherein the alternate driving mechanism 5 is mounted on the supporting seat 12, and the alternate removing mechanism is used for alternately driving the two debris removing mechanisms 4.
The scrap removing mechanism 4 comprises a positioning ring 41, one end of which is fixedly connected with the supporting ring 2, and the positioning ring 41 is sleeved on the outer side of the spline shaft to be ground and polished;
The positioning ring 41 is provided with a plurality of moving slots 411 in a surrounding manner, the moving slots 411 are slidably penetrated with a moving frame 42, one end, close to the spline shaft, of the moving frame 42 is fixedly provided with a scraping block 43, one side, far away from the grinding wheel 13, of the scraping block 43 is provided with a cambered surface guide end 434, one end, close to the key slot, of the scraping block 43 is provided with a protrusion 435, the protrusion 435 and the key slot are mutually matched, and meanwhile, in the embodiment, when the plurality of scraping blocks 43 move to the outer side of the spline shaft, the plurality of scraping blocks 43 can mutually match, synchronously scrape cooling waste liquid and scraps on the outer side of the spline shaft, and after the plurality of scraping blocks 43 move along the spline shaft, the scraps on the key slot and the shaft shoulder and the cooling waste liquid are scraped;
the positioning ring 41 is provided with a moving mechanism 44 for synchronously driving the plurality of moving frames 42, and the alternate driving mechanism 5 is connected to the moving mechanism 44.
The moving mechanism 44 comprises a plurality of positioning plates 441 mounted on the positioning ring 41, wherein the positioning plates 441 are fixedly connected with positioning shafts 442, positioning gears 443 are rotatably sleeved on the outer sides of the positioning shafts 442, a plurality of tooth blocks 444 are equidistantly arranged on one side of the inner part of the moving frame 42, and the positioning gears 443 are in meshed connection with the tooth blocks 444;
the positioning shaft 442 is fixedly connected with a rotary gear 445 at one end far away from the positioning plate 441, the outer side of the positioning ring 41 is rotatably connected with an outer gear ring 446, the outer gear is meshed with a plurality of rotary gears 445, and the rotary gear 445 near the supporting seat 12 is connected with the alternate driving mechanism 5.
When the grinding wheel 13 is ready to grind and polish the key slot and the shaft shoulder of the spline shaft, firstly, one end of the spline shaft sequentially passes through the two support rings 2 when being installed between the spline shaft and the support moving seat 15, then the support moving seat 15 clamps and fixes the spline shaft, the spline shaft is supported by the support moving seat 15, one key slot on the spline shaft is rotated to be right below the grinding wheel 13, then the grinding wheel 13 is moved downwards to the key slot, the spline shaft on the spline shaft is driven to move relative to the grinding wheel 13 through the support moving seat 15, and meanwhile, the grinding wheel 13 rotates, so that the grinding and polishing of the key slot and the shaft shoulder of the spline shaft are realized, and in the invention, the rotation direction of the grinding wheel 13 is opposite to the movement direction of the spline shaft, namely, when the spline shaft moves leftwards, the grinding wheel 13 rotates anticlockwise, and when the spline shaft moves rightwards, the grinding wheel 13 rotates clockwise;
Before polishing the polishing wheel 13, one positioning ring 41 at the moving direction of the spline shaft rotates on the positioning ring 41, while the rotating gear 445 rotates, the outer gear ring 446 is driven to rotate relative to the positioning ring 41, while the outer gear ring 446 rotates, the plurality of rotating gears 445 on the outer gear ring 446 are driven to rotate, while the rotating gear 445 rotates, the positioning gear 443 at the positioning shaft 442 is driven to rotate, while the positioning gear 443 rotates, while the positioning gear 443 is meshed with the tooth blocks 444 at the moving frame 42, so that the moving frame 42 is driven to move relative to the spline shaft until the protrusions 435 of the plurality of scraping blocks 43 at the plurality of moving frames 42 move to the key grooves, while the plurality of scraping blocks 43 can mutually cooperate with the plurality of key grooves, and the plurality of scraping blocks 43 at the other supporting ring 2 do not contact with the outer surface of the spline shaft;
Therefore, when the spline shaft is polished, the plurality of scraping blocks 43 in the moving direction of the spline shaft are contacted with the outer surface of the spline shaft, firstly the plurality of scraping blocks 43 scrape the key groove of the spline shaft, then when the spline shaft moves to the position of the polishing wheel 13, the polishing wheel 13 moves downwards and then rotates, so that the effect of fully polishing the key groove and the shaft shoulder of the spline shaft is realized as the rotating direction of the polishing wheel 13 is opposite to the moving direction of the spline shaft, and therefore the plurality of scraping blocks 43 scrape scraps and cooling waste liquid at the key groove and the shaft shoulder before the polishing wheel 13 polishes the spline shaft, and after the spline shaft reciprocates, the scraping blocks are matched with the polishing wheel 13 at the same time as the rotation of the spline shaft.
The alternate driving mechanism 5 comprises a driving motor 51 installed on the supporting seat 12, the output end of the driving motor 51 is fixedly connected with a rotating disc 52, the outer side of the rotating disc 52 is fixedly connected with two poking rods 53, the two poking rods 53 are respectively connected with a connecting piece 54, the position of the poking rods 53 corresponding to the connecting piece 54 is provided with a sliding groove 531, and the connecting piece 54 is connected with a rotating gear 445 close to the supporting seat 12.
The connecting piece 54 includes a connecting rod 541 slidably connected to the sliding groove 531, a limiting frame 542 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting rod 541, one end of the toggle rod 53 slidably penetrates through the limiting frame 542, a limiting groove 5421 is disposed on the limiting frame 542, a limiting plate 543 is fixedly mounted on the supporting seat 12, and the limiting plate 543 is slidably connected to the limiting groove 5421, and in this embodiment, the limiting plate 543 is U-shaped;
One side of the limiting frame 542 is fixedly connected with a pushing rack 544, and the pushing rack 544 is meshed with the rotating gear 445 near the supporting seat 12.
In the invention, before the grinding wheel 13 grinds the key slot of the spline shaft, the motor 51 is driven to rotate a certain angle, so that the rotating disc 52 rotates, while the rotating disc 52 rotates, the two swinging rods 7 on the rotating disc rotate, while the two toggle rods 53 swing, the sliding grooves 531 and the connecting rods 541 drive the limiting frame 542 to move, and as the limiting frame 542 is limited by the limiting grooves 5421 and the limiting plates 543, the two limiting frames 542 move downwards and upwards respectively along the vertical plane, while the limiting frame 542 moves, the pushing racks 544 on the limiting frame is synchronously driven to move, so that the two pushing racks 544 move reversely, further, the rotating gears 445 near the supporting seat 12 at the two positioning rings 41 move reversely respectively until the scraping blocks 43 at the moving direction of the spline shaft move to the key slot, and the scraping blocks 43 at the other positioning ring 41 are separated from the key slot, so that the scraping and cooling effects on scraps can be realized before grinding the spline shaft.
Example two
Referring to fig. 9 to 13, a hollow cavity 421 is provided in the moving frame 42, an annular groove 21 is provided in the support ring 2, a liquid supply mechanism 6 is connected to the support ring 2, and the liquid supply mechanism 6 is used for conveying cooling liquid to the annular groove 21 of the support ring 2;
A plurality of connecting hoses 22 are connected to the support ring 2, and one end of each connecting hose 22 is communicated with the cavity 421 of the movable frame 42;
A first through hole 422 is formed at one end of the movable frame 42, which is close to the scraping block 43, a liquid through groove 431 is formed on the scraping block 43, and a second through hole 432 is formed on the scraping block 43, which enables the liquid through groove 431 to be communicated with the first through hole 422;
the scraping block 43 is provided at a side remote from the grinding wheel 13 with a plurality of spray holes 433 communicated with the moving slot 411.
The liquid supply mechanism 6 comprises a liquid supply box 61 arranged at the working table 11, a water pump 62 is arranged on the liquid supply box 61, the output end of the water pump 62 is connected with a liquid delivery pipe 63, and the other end of the liquid delivery pipe 63 is communicated with the annular groove 21.
The arc surface guiding end 434 of the scraping block 43 is slidably connected with the swinging rod 7, and in this embodiment, under the connection effect of the torsion spring 728, the swinging shaft 71 drives the swinging rod 7 to be located at the arc surface guiding end 434 in a relatively inclined manner under the action of the external force, the swinging shaft 71 is fixedly connected to the swinging rod 7, and one end of the swinging shaft 71 located inside the liquid passing groove 431 is connected with the swinging member 72.
The swinging member 72 includes a bracket 721 installed at the second through hole 432, a supporting shaft 722 is rotatably connected to the bracket 721, one end of the supporting shaft 722, which is close to the cavity 421, is fixedly connected to a supporting block 723, and a plurality of rotating blades 724 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the supporting block 723;
The supporting shaft 722 is connected with an irregularly-shaped rotating block 725 at one end of the liquid passing groove 431, a contact shaft 726 is arranged outside the rotating block 725, a contact plate 727 is fixedly connected to one end of the contact shaft 726, the contact plate 727 is fixedly connected with one end of the swinging shaft 71, a torsion spring 728 is installed at one side of the contact plate 727, the torsion spring 728 is sleeved outside the swinging shaft 71, and one end of the torsion spring 728 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the liquid passing groove 431.
The specific implementation process is that when the scraping block 43 scrapes the scraps at the key groove and the cooling waste liquid, the water suction pump 62 operates, so that the cooling liquid enters the infusion tube 63 through the liquid supply box 61, the cooling liquid is led into the annular groove 21 through the infusion tube 63, then is led into the cavity 421 of the movable frame 42 through the plurality of connecting hoses 22 respectively in turn, enters the second through holes 432 through the first through holes 422, and is sprayed out through the spraying holes 433 at the scraping block 43, and the scraps are removed in an auxiliary way through the sprayed cooling liquid when being scraped;
And simultaneously, under the liquid flow of first through-hole 422 department, thereby drive a plurality of rotary leaves 724 and rotate, and when rotary leaves 724 rotate, then drive back shaft 722 and rotate, then the rotatory piece 725 of back shaft 722 other end, because its irregular shape, when it rotates to with the contact axle 726, then extrude contact axle 726, thereby make contact axle 726 drive contact axle 726 under the connected action of contact board 727 and torsion spring 728, further make swinging shaft 71 drive swinging rod 7 and swing for cambered surface guide end 434 department, realize the effect of getting rid of the piece of the swing of cambered surface guide end 434 department, further guarantee to strike off piece 43 can abundant scraping the piece.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1.一种精密机械加工打磨抛光设备，包括用于对花键轴进行打磨抛光的磨床本体（1），所述磨床本体（1）包括工作台（11）、安装在工作台（11）上的支撑座（12）、安装在支撑座（12）上且用于对花键轴进行打磨的打磨轮（13）和安装在打磨轮（13）外侧的两个喷头（14），所述喷头（14）用于喷涂冷却液，所述工作台（11）上安装有支撑移动座（15），所述支撑移动座（15）用于对花键轴在打磨抛光时进行夹持固定，且使花键轴相对于打磨轮（13）处进行移动，其特征在于，还包括有：1. A precision machining grinding and polishing device, comprising a grinding machine body (1) for grinding and polishing a spline shaft, the grinding machine body (1) comprising a workbench (11), a support seat (12) mounted on the workbench (11), a grinding wheel (13) mounted on the support seat (12) and used for grinding the spline shaft, and two nozzles (14) mounted on the outside of the grinding wheel (13), the nozzles (14) being used for spraying a cooling liquid, a support movable seat (15) being mounted on the workbench (11), the support movable seat (15) being used for clamping and fixing the spline shaft during grinding and polishing, and for moving the spline shaft relative to the grinding wheel (13), characterized in that it also comprises: 支撑圈（2），所述支撑圈（2）设有两个，且两个支撑圈（2）套设在待打磨抛光的花键轴外侧，两个所述支撑圈（2）位于打磨轮（13）外侧；A support ring (2), wherein two support rings (2) are provided, and the two support rings (2) are sleeved on the outside of the spline shaft to be ground and polished, and the two support rings (2) are located outside the grinding wheel (13); 固定架（3），所述固定架（3）安装在支撑圈（2）上，且固定架（3）另一端与支撑座（12）固定连接；A fixing frame (3), wherein the fixing frame (3) is mounted on the supporting ring (2), and the other end of the fixing frame (3) is fixedly connected to the supporting seat (12); 碎屑去除机构（4），所述碎屑去除机构（4）安装在支撑圈（2）处，且两个支撑圈（2）处的碎屑去除机构（4）与打磨轮（13）配合，对花键轴键槽以及轴肩处打磨抛光产生的碎屑进行去除；A debris removal mechanism (4), wherein the debris removal mechanism (4) is installed at the support ring (2), and the debris removal mechanisms (4) at the two support rings (2) cooperate with the grinding wheel (13) to remove debris generated by grinding and polishing the keyway and the shoulder of the spline shaft; 交替驱动机构（5），所述交替驱动机构（5）安装在支撑座（12）上，且交替去除机构用于对两个碎屑去除机构（4）进行交替驱动；An alternating drive mechanism (5), the alternating drive mechanism (5) being mounted on a support seat (12), and the alternating removal mechanism being used to drive the two debris removal mechanisms (4) alternately; 所述碎屑去除机构（4）包括一端与支撑圈（2）固定连接的定位环（41），所述定位环（41）套设在待打磨抛光的花键轴外侧；The debris removal mechanism (4) comprises a positioning ring (41) with one end fixedly connected to the support ring (2), and the positioning ring (41) is sleeved on the outer side of the spline shaft to be ground and polished; 所述定位环（41）上环绕设有多个移动槽（411），且移动槽（411）处滑动贯穿有移动框（42），所述移动框（42）靠近花键轴的一端固定安装有刮除块（43），且多个所述刮除块（43）沿着花键轴处移动后，对花键轴键槽以及轴肩处的碎屑以及冷却废液进行刮除；The positioning ring (41) is provided with a plurality of movable grooves (411) around it, and a movable frame (42) is slidably penetrated through the movable groove (411), and a scraping block (43) is fixedly mounted on one end of the movable frame (42) close to the spline shaft, and after the plurality of scraping blocks (43) move along the spline shaft, they scrape away debris and cooling waste liquid at the keyway and shoulder of the spline shaft; 所述定位环（41）上设有用于对多个移动框（42）进行同步驱动的移动机构（44），且交替驱动机构（5）与移动机构（44）连接；The positioning ring (41) is provided with a moving mechanism (44) for synchronously driving the plurality of moving frames (42), and the alternating driving mechanism (5) is connected to the moving mechanism (44); 所述移动机构（44）包括安装在定位环（41）上的多个定位板（441），所述定位板（441）上固定连接有定位轴（442），且定位轴（442）外侧转动套接有定位齿轮（443），所述移动框（42）内部的一侧等距离设有多个齿块（444），且定位齿轮（443）与齿块（444）啮合连接；The moving mechanism (44) comprises a plurality of positioning plates (441) mounted on the positioning ring (41), a positioning shaft (442) being fixedly connected to the positioning plate (441), and a positioning gear (443) being rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the positioning shaft (442), a plurality of tooth blocks (444) being equidistantly arranged on one side inside the moving frame (42), and the positioning gear (443) being meshingly connected to the tooth block (444); 所述定位轴（442）远离定位板（441）的一端固定连接有旋转齿轮（445），所述定位环（41）外侧转动连接有外齿轮环（446），且外齿轮与多个旋转齿轮（445）啮合连接，靠近所述支撑座（12）处的旋转齿轮（445）与交替驱动机构（5）连接；One end of the positioning shaft (442) away from the positioning plate (441) is fixedly connected to a rotating gear (445); an outer gear ring (446) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the positioning ring (41); the outer gear is meshingly connected to a plurality of rotating gears (445); and the rotating gear (445) near the support seat (12) is connected to an alternating drive mechanism (5); 所述交替驱动机构（5）包括安装在支撑座（12）上的驱动电机（51），所述驱动电机（51）输出端固定连接有转动盘（52），且转动盘（52）外侧固定连接有两个拨动杆（53），两个所述拨动杆（53）处分别连接有连接件（54），所述拨动杆（53）对应连接件（54）的位置设有滑动槽（531），且连接件（54）与靠近所述支撑座（12）处的旋转齿轮（445）连接。The alternating drive mechanism (5) comprises a drive motor (51) mounted on a support seat (12); the output end of the drive motor (51) is fixedly connected to a rotating disk (52); and two toggle rods (53) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating disk (52); the two toggle rods (53) are respectively connected to connecting members (54); the toggle rods (53) are provided with sliding grooves (531) at positions corresponding to the connecting members (54); and the connecting members (54) are connected to a rotating gear (445) near the support seat (12). 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种精密机械加工打磨抛光设备，其特征在于：所述连接件（54）包括滑动连接在滑动槽（531）处的连接杆（541），所述连接杆（541）外侧固定连接有限位框（542），且拨动杆（53）的一端滑动贯穿限位框（542）处，所述限位框（542）上设有限位槽（5421），且支撑座（12）上固定安装有限位板（543），且限位板（543）与限位槽（5421）滑动连接；2. A precision machining grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting member (54) comprises a connecting rod (541) slidably connected to the sliding groove (531), the outer side of the connecting rod (541) is fixedly connected to a limit frame (542), and one end of the toggle rod (53) slides through the limit frame (542), the limit frame (542) is provided with a limit groove (5421), and a limit plate (543) is fixedly installed on the support seat (12), and the limit plate (543) is slidably connected to the limit groove (5421); 所述限位框（542）的一侧固定连接有推动齿条（544），且推动齿条（544）与靠近支撑座（12）处的旋转齿轮（445）啮合连接。A push rack (544) is fixedly connected to one side of the limit frame (542), and the push rack (544) is meshingly connected to a rotating gear (445) near the support seat (12). 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种精密机械加工打磨抛光设备，其特征在于：所述移动框（42）内部设有中空型的腔体（421），所述支撑圈（2）内部设有环形槽（21），所述支撑圈（2）处连接有供液机构（6），且供液机构（6）用于对支撑圈（2）的环形槽（21）处输送冷却液；3. The precision machining grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: a hollow cavity (421) is provided inside the movable frame (42), an annular groove (21) is provided inside the support ring (2), a liquid supply mechanism (6) is connected to the support ring (2), and the liquid supply mechanism (6) is used to transport cooling liquid to the annular groove (21) of the support ring (2); 所述支撑圈（2）上连接有多个连接软管（22），且连接软管（22）的一端与移动框（42）的腔体（421）处连通；A plurality of connecting hoses (22) are connected to the support ring (2), and one end of the connecting hose (22) is in communication with the cavity (421) of the moving frame (42); 所述移动框（42）靠近刮除块（43）的一端设有第一通孔（422），所述刮除块（43）上设有通液槽（431），且刮除块（43）上设有使通液槽（431）与第一通孔（422）处连通的第二通孔（432）；A first through hole (422) is provided at one end of the movable frame (42) close to the scraping block (43); a liquid passage groove (431) is provided on the scraping block (43); and a second through hole (432) is provided on the scraping block (43) for connecting the liquid passage groove (431) with the first through hole (422); 所述刮除块（43）远离打磨轮（13）的一侧设有多个与移动槽（411）连通的喷淋孔（433）。A plurality of spray holes (433) in communication with the movable groove (411) are provided on a side of the scraping block (43) away from the grinding wheel (13). 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种精密机械加工打磨抛光设备，其特征在于：所述供液机构（6）包括安装在工作台（11）处的供液盒（61），所述供液盒（61）上安装有抽水泵（62），所述抽水泵（62）输出端连接有输液管（63），且输液管（63）另一端与环形槽（21）连通。4. A precision machining grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: the liquid supply mechanism (6) includes a liquid supply box (61) installed on the workbench (11), a water pump (62) is installed on the liquid supply box (61), the output end of the water pump (62) is connected to a liquid infusion tube (63), and the other end of the liquid infusion tube (63) is connected to the annular groove (21). 5.根据权利要求3所述的一种精密机械加工打磨抛光设备，其特征在于：所述刮除块（43）远离打磨轮（13）的一侧为弧面导向端（434），所述刮除块（43）靠近键槽的一端设有凸起（435），且凸起（435）与键槽处相互配合。5. A precision machining grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: the side of the scraper block (43) away from the grinding wheel (13) is a curved guide end (434), and the end of the scraper block (43) close to the keyway is provided with a protrusion (435), and the protrusion (435) and the keyway cooperate with each other. 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种精密机械加工打磨抛光设备，其特征在于：所述刮除块（43）的弧面导向端（434）处滑动连接有摆动杆（7），所述摆动杆（7）上固定连接有摆动轴（71），所述摆动轴（71）位于通液槽（431）内部的一端连接有摆动件（72）。6. A precision machining grinding and polishing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: a swing rod (7) is slidably connected to the arc guide end (434) of the scraper block (43), a swing shaft (71) is fixedly connected to the swing rod (7), and a swing member (72) is connected to one end of the swing shaft (71) located inside the liquid passage groove (431). 7.根据权利要求6所述的一种精密机械加工打磨抛光设备，其特征在于：所述摆动件（72）包括安装在第二通孔（432）处的支架（721），所述支架（721）上转动连接有支撑轴（722），所述支撑轴（722）靠近腔体（421）的一端固定连接有支撑块（723），且支撑块（723）外侧固定连接有多个旋转叶（724）；7. A precision machining grinding and polishing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the swinging member (72) comprises a bracket (721) installed at the second through hole (432), a support shaft (722) is rotatably connected to the bracket (721), a support block (723) is fixedly connected to one end of the support shaft (722) close to the cavity (421), and a plurality of rotating blades (724) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the support block (723); 所述支撑轴（722）位于通液槽（431）的一端连接有不规则形状的旋转块（725），且旋转块（725）外侧设有接触轴（726），所述接触轴（726）的一端固定连接有接触板（727），且接触板（727）与摆动轴（71）的一端固定连接，所述接触板（727）的一侧安装有扭转弹簧（728），所述扭转弹簧（728）套设在摆动轴（71）外侧，扭转弹簧（728）的一端与通液槽（431）内壁固定连接。One end of the support shaft (722) located in the liquid passage groove (431) is connected to a rotating block (725) of an irregular shape, and a contact shaft (726) is provided outside the rotating block (725); one end of the contact shaft (726) is fixedly connected to a contact plate (727), and the contact plate (727) is fixedly connected to one end of the swing shaft (71); a torsion spring (728) is installed on one side of the contact plate (727); the torsion spring (728) is sleeved on the outside of the swing shaft (71), and one end of the torsion spring (728) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid passage groove (431).
CN202510512288.9A 2025-04-23 2025-04-23 A precision machining grinding and polishing equipment Active CN120023703B (en)

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